WO1997041769A1 - Procede et dispositif pour le controle des capacites visuelles d'un etre vivant - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour le controle des capacites visuelles d'un etre vivant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997041769A1
WO1997041769A1 PCT/EP1997/002141 EP9702141W WO9741769A1 WO 1997041769 A1 WO1997041769 A1 WO 1997041769A1 EP 9702141 W EP9702141 W EP 9702141W WO 9741769 A1 WO9741769 A1 WO 9741769A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
eyeball
movement
laser light
evaluation unit
gaze
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/002141
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Burkhart Fischer
Original Assignee
Schilling, Hermann
Waizenegger, Klaus
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schilling, Hermann, Waizenegger, Klaus filed Critical Schilling, Hermann
Publication of WO1997041769A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997041769A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/113—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for checking the ability of a living being to see, the movement of at least one eyeball being observed toward a viewing target, and a method therefor.
  • the neurobiological basis of the present invention consists in the different cortical and subcortical brain processes, which control the changes in the direction of view and place them at the service of vision and spatial orientation. If one or more of these processes fails or functions poorly due to poor development, injuries, illnesses, or medication or drugs, there are characteristic changes in eye control. So far, little attention has been paid to the ability to look in practice. Only a few specialists, in particular neurologists, test the gaze by using their fingers as gaze targets and choosing any reference point for the patient.This test only tests whether the patient is able to lift his or her eyes when one or the other finger is raised to focus on this. This method is understandably inadequate, diagnostic conclusions can hardly be drawn from this test, the response times are not taken into account
  • the present invention has for its object a method and an apparatus of the above. To develop a way with which an exact check of the eye moisture is also carried out for diagnostic purposes.
  • the movement of the eyeball is automatically detected, compared in an evaluation unit with the position of the gaze target, and movement errors of the eyeball in relation to the gaze target are listed
  • the automatic detection makes it possible to carry out a large number of tests on a living being, in particular on humans, and with a corresponding number of movement errors in the eyeball and in particular with reaction times deviating from the norm to a defective function of an organ or the like close
  • the eyeball can be observed by a camera that detects movement of the eyeball.
  • photocells are assigned to the eyeball on the right and left of the pill, respectively, which react to a reflection of infrared light through the front eye media. The intensity of the reflected light changes unevenly when moving the eyeball, so that a measure of the eye position relative to the head can be obtained from the difference between the two photocells.
  • the device can recognize exactly when and in which direction the eye is looking. This information is then possibly passed on to a microprocessor via a differential amplifier.
  • the method and the device are preferably to be automated, light points are available as gaze targets, but the invention should not be limited to this.
  • the use of laser light spots according to the invention has the advantage that the method according to the invention can also be carried out in normal daylight.
  • Three laser light sources are preferably provided, a central laser light source establishing the reference or fixation point for the eyes, while the other two laser light sources generate the viewing targets.
  • the laser light sources are mounted on the head together with the measuring elements and therefore move with the living being. In this way, the relative positions of the gaze targets to the eye automatically become independent of the head and body position.
  • the creation of the gaze targets is preferably done crosswise, so that the application of the method is independent of the distance of the living being from a screen that shows the gaze targets. The further the living being moves away from this screen, the farther the gaze targets diverge, so that the distance to be covered by the human eye between the fixation point and the gaze target remains the same in angular degrees.
  • the evaluation unit now compares the illuminated gaze targets with the signal from the device for automatically detecting the movement of the eyeball. If the view target matches the signal, it can positive that the human eye has made the right jump. If this is not the case, there is an error.
  • the electrical signals or results are stored in the evaluation unit and analyzed immediately.
  • the averaged data are, for example, output on an LCD display and / or sent to a computer.
  • the exact test procedure can be determined by the diagnosing doctor or test leader.
  • the current data are compared with the norm data of a large number of people.
  • the parameters include gender and age, response times and error rates. However, further parameters are also conceivable, the enumeration of which would go beyond the scope of the present invention.
  • the response time of the human eye when jumping to the target is determined. So far, little attention has been paid to this reaction time. The determination is preferably carried out on 1 / 1 ⁇ 2 ooostel seconds, which primarily results in a reflex control. The normal human eye needs a certain time to go from the fixation point to the target. If, for example, this reaction time is very short, it can be concluded that the reflexes are not inhibited in this patient. This in turn would mean that the patient's reflex control is faulty. It has been proven that the reflex control is essentially in the tectum, so that a faulty reflex control could be used to infer possible damage to the midbrain.
  • the device can be used where control of fixation or the appearance of jumps in the eye play a role.
  • the device is suitable for a quick inspection of the eye control without any laboratory effort
  • Insufficient eye control can be an early sign of diminishing diseases, e.g. for schizophrenia or Alzheimer's. Precise knowledge of eye reactions is very useful when training in elite sports and sports medicine.
  • the method and the device can be used wherever it is important to ensure adequate eye control or its malfunction. Examples include: driving suitability (police) in old age or after taking medication or in the event of substance abuse; Professional qualifications (pilots), occupational safety (computer workstations), school suitability, reading and spelling problems, etc.
  • the laser light sources, the devices for automatically detecting the movement of the eyeball and the evaluation unit form a compact device which can be placed on the head of a person, for example. This makes handling this device much easier.
  • the measuring elements of the device for automatically detecting the movement of the eyeball can be adjusted in three directions in front of the eye in order to enable sufficiently strong signals and sufficient calibration.
  • the field of vision itself remains largely free.
  • the entire device is transportable, easy to use, can be used in daylight and requires neither a separate room nor any other additional devices
  • the peculiarity of the device is that it combines all the elements necessary for the application in a simple manner. These are the light stimuli, the measurement itself, the evaluation and the result display.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematically illustrated side view of a device according to the invention for checking the ability to look in the position of use on the head of a person
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the device for checking the viewing moisture according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view of the device for checking the viewing moisture according to FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged top view of a device for automatically detecting the movement of an eyeball
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic and block diagram representation of a method according to the invention for checking the viewing humidity of a living being
  • a device R according to the invention for checking the visual acuity of this person is located on a head of a human being
  • FIG. 2 and 3 has such a device R one
  • Hoarfrost 2 which can be adapted to the human head 1. With this hoop 2 there are two devices 3.1 and 3.2 for automatically detecting the movement of an eyeball 4
  • each device 3 has two spaced-apart photocells 51 and 5.2, one between the two photocells 51 and 5.2
  • Infrared light source 6 is provided.
  • the photocells 5 1 and 5.2 are located on holders 7 1 and 7.2, while the infrared light source 6 is arranged on a holding element 8 between the two holders 7 1 and 7 2 O 97/41769 PC17EP97 / 02141
  • the two photocells 5.1 and 5.2 are aligned with an eyeball 9 to the right and left of the pupil 10 so that they detect a change in the intensity of the reflected infrared light.
  • the physical measuring principle for the movement of the eyeball is based on the reflection of this infrared light through the anterior eye media.
  • the intensity of the reflected light changes unevenly on the sides, so that a measure of the eye position relative to the head can be obtained from the difference.
  • Lines 11.1 and 11.2 indicate that the photocells 5.1 and 5.2 are connected to an evaluation unit 11.
  • this evaluation unit 11 extends between two bow legs 12.1 and 12.2 of a bow egg 13 which is connected to the hoop 2 via these bow legs 12.1 and 12.2.
  • the bracket 13 consists of a cross member 14 which connects the two bracket legs 12.1 and 12.2 to one another.
  • Three laser light sources 15.1, 15.2 and 15.3 sit on this cross member 14.
  • Each of these laser light sources 15.1 to 15.3 emits a laser beam 16.1, 16.2 and 16.3, which in the present case are directed at a screen 17.
  • the laser beam 16.1 creates a reference point 18 on the screen 17, while the laser beams 16.1 and 16.3 each generate a view target 19.1 and 19.3.
  • the device for checking the visual ability of a living being, in particular a human being is placed on the head 1 of a human being.
  • the hoop 2 is arranged on the head 1 so that the devices 3.1 and 3.2 are in front of the eyes, that is to say that the photocells 5.1 and 5.2 are each arranged next to the pupils 10.
  • the human being can look at the screen 17.
  • the laser light sources 15 are located on the traverse 14 above the head 1 and direct their beam 16 1 to 16 3 onto the screen 17.
  • all three beams 16 1 to 16 3 m intersect at an intersection point 20, which is preferred is as close as possible to the human head 1. This ensures that the angular distance between the two viewing targets 19.1 and 19.3 changes even when the distance of the head 1 from the screen 17 changes
  • the reference point 18 is established on the screen 17 by the laser light source 15.2 for checking the viewing moisture.
  • the eyes are directed to this reference point 18.
  • a gaze target 19.1 or 19.3 is now generated by the laser light source 15.1 or 15.3, respectively, while the laser light source 15.2 is switched off.
  • the devices 3.1 and 3.2 for automatically detecting the movement of the eyeball now determine whether the eye is actually directed at the appearing sight target 19 1 or 19.3.
  • the evaluation unit 11 determines whether the movement of one or the other or both eyes is correct or incorrect . Further eme listing is correct or wrong movement of the eyeball and eme determination of response time
  • the response time is preferably set to 1 / i000 ste Se -'- k accurately determined
  • the evaluation unit 11 uses stored data of comparable organisms to determine whether the error rate is within or outside this range.
  • the database is created on the basis of specific parameters. In humans, these parameters are primarily gender and age Item number list

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé pour le contrôle des capacités visuelles d'un être vivant, consistant à observer le mouvement d'au moins un globe oculaire (4) en direction d'un point de visée (19). Le mouvement du globe oculaire (4) est détecté automatiquement, comparé, dans une unité d'évaluation (11), avec la position du point de visée (19.1, 19.3) et les erreurs de mouvement du globe oculaire (4) par rapport au point de visée (19.1, 19.3) sont notées sous forme de liste.
PCT/EP1997/002141 1996-05-02 1997-04-25 Procede et dispositif pour le controle des capacites visuelles d'un etre vivant WO1997041769A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996117576 DE19617576A1 (de) 1996-05-02 1996-05-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Prüfen der Blicktüchtigkeit eines Lebewesens
DE19617576.3 1996-05-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997041769A1 true WO1997041769A1 (fr) 1997-11-13

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1997/002141 WO1997041769A1 (fr) 1996-05-02 1997-04-25 Procede et dispositif pour le controle des capacites visuelles d'un etre vivant
PCT/EP1997/002191 WO1997041770A1 (fr) 1996-05-02 1997-04-28 Procede et dispositif pour tester l'aptitude visuelle d'un etre vivant

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1997/002191 WO1997041770A1 (fr) 1996-05-02 1997-04-28 Procede et dispositif pour tester l'aptitude visuelle d'un etre vivant

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU2773797A (fr)
DE (1) DE19617576A1 (fr)
WO (2) WO1997041769A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4889422A (en) * 1986-01-28 1989-12-26 George Pavlidis Method and means for detecting dyslexia
WO1993019661A1 (fr) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-14 Donaldson William Blair Macgre Procede et appareil concernant les examens de motilite oculaire
EP0598983A1 (fr) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-01 Atr Auditory And Visual Perception Research Laboratories Appareil pour mesurer le petit mouvement involontaire

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4889422A (en) * 1986-01-28 1989-12-26 George Pavlidis Method and means for detecting dyslexia
WO1993019661A1 (fr) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-14 Donaldson William Blair Macgre Procede et appareil concernant les examens de motilite oculaire
EP0598983A1 (fr) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-01 Atr Auditory And Visual Perception Research Laboratories Appareil pour mesurer le petit mouvement involontaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997041770A1 (fr) 1997-11-13
AU2773797A (en) 1997-11-26
DE19617576A1 (de) 1997-11-06

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