WO1997038776A1 - Dispositif integre a membrane et a filtre coalesceur et systeme correspondant - Google Patents

Dispositif integre a membrane et a filtre coalesceur et systeme correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997038776A1
WO1997038776A1 PCT/US1997/006154 US9706154W WO9738776A1 WO 1997038776 A1 WO1997038776 A1 WO 1997038776A1 US 9706154 W US9706154 W US 9706154W WO 9738776 A1 WO9738776 A1 WO 9738776A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
membrane
filter tube
coalesced
port
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/006154
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kenneth A. Perrotta
Dean Hoyt
Original Assignee
Whatman Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/786,808 external-priority patent/US5800597A/en
Application filed by Whatman Inc. filed Critical Whatman Inc.
Priority to AU27290/97A priority Critical patent/AU2729097A/en
Publication of WO1997038776A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997038776A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
    • G01N33/0014—Sample conditioning by eliminating a gas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N1/2205—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with filters

Definitions

  • Gas streams containing particulate matter and entrained liquid are often required to be sampled for a wide variety of applications and uses.
  • the removed feed or gas sample must be treated to remove particulate matter and also entrained liquid to prevent damage or contamination to the gas analyzer or gas sample system components.
  • gas samples may be taken from a variety of gas streams; such as, but not limited to: stack exhaust streams; automotive exhaust streams; natural and synthetic gas streams; landfill or waste gas streams; hydrocarbon streams; chemical gas process streams; nitrogen; helium; argon and/or oxygen gas streams; and/or oxides of nitrogen; and sulfur gas streams.
  • gas streams such as, but not limited to: stack exhaust streams; automotive exhaust streams; natural and synthetic gas streams; landfill or waste gas streams; hydrocarbon streams; chemical gas process streams; nitrogen; helium; argon and/or oxygen gas streams; and/or oxides of nitrogen; and sulfur gas streams.
  • Such gas streams often contain fine particulate matter, like soot and chemical particles, and entrained liquid, particularly water, which may interfere in the efficient and accurate operation of any downstream gas stream analyzer.
  • Typical analyzers useful with gas samples include gas analyzers, like gas chromatographs, mass spectrometers, emission analyzers, or other gas instruments to measure volume, pressure, temperature, composition, and concentration of gas, and mixtures thereof.
  • the invention relates to an integral, compact coalescer filter-membrane device for sample gas streams for use with gas analyzers and other clean gas-user devices.
  • the invention comprises an integral coalescer filter- membrane device for sample gas filtration applications.
  • the device provides for prefiltration of a sample gas stream, typically containing liquid particles and particulate material, to remove the particulate matter, resulting in extended life of the membrane employed in the device.
  • the device also includes prefiltration of all liquid aerosols by the hydrophobic coalescer filter-membrane in the device, resulting in an extended membrane life; that is, chemical attack of the membrane by aerosols found in the process stream is minimized as a result of coalescing and draining of liquid from the feed gas stream.
  • the device further provides for removal of entrained liquid from the feed gas stream.
  • the device also provides for enhanced liquid separation capabilities from the feed or sample gas stream, of interest due to the orientation of the integral coalescer device in a generally vertical configuration by gravitational effect on the coalesced liquid, e.g. water, from the feed-sample gas stream. Additionally, a liquid sump in the device provides for an additional reservoir for coalesced liquids.
  • the coalesced liquid e.g. water
  • the device of the invention provides both continuous coalescing of all liquid and the security of a hydrophobic membrane in a simple, integral compact device.
  • the device requires fewer fittings in use than separate filters and membranes, thereby reducing the risk of leaks.
  • the device is compact and requires less maintenance and downtime, as the supported replaceable coalescer membrane is fully protected from solids and liquids removed by the filter and permits the easy removal of the filter in the threadably attached filter housing.
  • the device is employed upstream of the sample gas apparatus, such as an analyzer. There is no need for separate prefiltration of the sample gas, which would place more volume in the sample system, more space for installation and potential for more leaks.
  • the device includes a housing which contains a porous membrane filter which is supported on and by a sintered porous disc located on the outlet side of the housing.
  • the gas sample enters the device through an inlet port and is directed downwardly inside and through the coalescing-particulate filter, particularly a filter tube of selected porosity and pressure drop properties.
  • the coalescer filter entraps all the particulate matter to a defined, very low level, and coalesces the entrained liquid droplets; e.g. water, oil, solvents, etc., and continuously drains by gravity the coalesced liquid from the outlet drain.
  • the filtered sample gas free of entrained liquid particles, then flows upwardly, after passing through the coalescing filter within the housing, to the upstream side of the supported membrane and exits therefrom after passing through the membrane from the outlet port on the downstream side of the membrane as gas only, for use in an analyzer, while a bypass gas stream is removed for return to the feed gas stream through a bypass outlet port on the downstream side of the membrane.
  • the bypass filtered gas stream may be returned to the main process stream, discharged to waste or used for pollution control or other purposes. Any entrained liquid, e.g. water, will not pass through the porous hydrophobic supported membrane and will exit through the lower drain port.
  • the membrane employed is generally a hydrophobic membrane and of sufficient porosity to allow the easy flow of gas or vapor therethrough; however, the smaller liquid molecules remain trapped and are unable to flow through the membrane under normal operating conditions. This is due to the high surface tension, which causes liquid, e.g. water, molecules to bond together, which forms molecular groups too large to fit through the membrane pores.
  • the membrane is selected to be inert, flexible, strong, durable and replaceable, and selected for systems designed for ppb, ppm and low percent level concentrations.
  • the membrane may be selected from a variety of materials and pore sizes and of different thicknesses, e.g. 2-20 mils, but generally and preferably comprises a fluorocarbon membrane material like Teflon ® (a trademark of I.E. duPont Co., Inc.) , which is hydrophobic for removing water, and generally has a selected porosity of, for example, not greater than about 1.0 microns, like 0.2 or 0.02 microns or less, which is sufficient to block the desired liquid.
  • Teflon ® a trademark of I.E. duPont Co., Inc.
  • the membrane is supported by a porous disc, typically a ceramic or stainless steel or other metal disc of greater porosity than the membrane, such as 5-10 microns or more.
  • the coalescing filter comprises a single or multiple layer filter in a filter housing, usually comprised of selected bonded glass fibers to provide the desired filtration, such as a resin (silicon or fluorocarbon) bonded borosilicate glass fiber tube, which may include additional foam or fiber, such as a bonded glass fiber layer, for coalescing purposes.
  • the ends of the filter tube often are selected to be compressed to form an end seal against the plate without the need for separate end gaskets.
  • suitable filter tubes would have a rating of 99.99% at 0.1 microns to 93% at 0.1 microns and include various grades, e.g. Grade "X", of bonded Balston ® filter tubes from Whatman, Inc., of Haverhill, Massachusetts.
  • the invention will be described for the purposes of illustration only in connection with the following embodiments; however, it should be recognized that various additions, modifications, improvements and changes may be made to the described embodiments by those persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a gas sample system employing the integral filter-membrane device of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of the device of the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective, cutaway sectional view of the device of Fig. 2.
  • the invention comprises an integral coalescer filter- membrane device 10 for the filtering of a liquid-particulate containing a gas sample stream, such as an oxygen, nitrogen, or hydrocarbon feed stream, to attain a filtered liquid and gas bypass stream, and a sample gas stream; for example, for use in a gas analyzer.
  • the device comprises a head element 12 having a sample gas conduit 14 having a one and an other end extending therethrough, the one end comprising a sample gas outlet for the retrieval of a sample gas stream therefrom, a head bottom membrane chamber 16 with an O-ring 20 between head element 12 and base element 22, a membrane 18 extending across the membrane chamber, and an other end on the opposite side of the membrane.
  • the membrane is supported by a ceramic or stainless steel, or other metal, disc membrane support plate 50 of greater porosity than the membrane, and generally of sintered material.
  • the device also includes a base element 22 secured to the head element 12 with O-ring seals 20 having an inlet 24 for the introduction of the gas feed stream and a side outlet 30 for the withdrawal of the bypass gas stream.
  • the inlet and outlets are placed on the side, and generally on the same plane, within a base top membrane passage adjacent and opposite the head bottom membrane chamber 16, across the hydrophobic membrane surface 18 to permit the transverse flow of a filtered feed gas stream across the filtered gas passageway 28 on the base element 22 having a bottom opening.
  • the device also includes a filter device having a top and bottom, the filter device comprised of an elongated, vertically disposed filter housing 34 threadably secured in an opening 32 in the base element 22, having a top and bottom, and vertically secured within the bottom opening of the base element 22, and having a filter tube 38 therein within the filter housing 34 and spaced apart therefrom, the filter tube 38 designed to provide for the filtration of the feed gas stream with the ends compression sealed in the housing 34; and, typically, would comprise a replaceable resin-bonded, glass fiber microglass filter tube having an outer periphery porous glass fiber or foam drain layer 40 thereabout, the filter tube spaced apart from the housing to form a peripheral chamber 42 about the filter tube, and coalescer layer 40 to receive a filtered gas stream from the filter tube 38, and which peripheral chamber 42 is in fluid flow communication with the base top membrane chamber 26 through filtered gas passageway 28, which membrane chamber 26 is in fluid flow communication with the bypass outlet 30, thereby to permit the transverse flow of a filtered gas feed stream across the surface of the hydropho
  • the filter tube 38 has a first open end, and is in fluid flow communication with the gas feed stream inlet 24 to receive the feed stream within the interior of the filter tube 38.
  • the filter housing 34 has a lower drain opening 36 for the discharge of coalesced liquid from the feed gas stream from the coalescer layer 40 of the filter tube 38, whereby a gas stream introduced into the unit is passed through the interior of the filter tube 38, is filtered, passes through the peripheral chamber 42 about the filter tube 38 through the filtered gas passageway 28 and into the base membrane chamber 26, and a bypass gas stream is withdrawn from the bypass outlet 30 and the filtered gas stream passes through the.hydrophobic membrane 18 into the head bottom membrane passageway and is discharged through the sample gas outlet as a filtered gas stream.
  • a liquid sump 52 in the device provides for an additional reservoir for coalesced liquids.
  • the gas feed stream inlet 24 and the gas bypass outlet 30 are disposed at an angle of about, or at least, about ninety degrees from each other.
  • the filter housing 34 is removably and threadably secured by threads 46 and seals 44 in the bottom opening of the base element 22, to permit easy replacement of the filter tube 38 and coalescer layer 40.
  • the filtered bypass gas stream may be recycled to the feed stream or passed to waste or exhaust, or passed to another type of device, such as a pollution control device, or otherwise disposed of.
  • a filtered sample gas stream, typically free of particulate matter and aerosol particles, is removed for use, particularly as a gas analyzer, such as a process gas analyzer, to determine the composition and concentration of the gas components.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the integral coalescer filter-membrane device of the invention 10 within an analyzer system 60.
  • the process gas stream 62 is diverted through inlet gas stream conduit 66 to the filter-membrane device 10.
  • the gas stream then passes through the filter- membrane device and the entrained liquid drains out of the liquid drain 76.
  • the bypass gas stream 64 is controlled by a flow control valve 68, and the sample gas 70 passes up out of the device 10 to a gas analyzer 74. This process is controlled by flow control valve 72.
  • Figs . 2 and 3 show the filter-membrane device of the invention 10, with Fig. 2 a sectional view and Fig. 3 a perspective sectional view.
  • the drawings illustrate the device 10 with a head element 12 housing the sample gas conduit 14 leading to a head bottom membrane chamber 16 and a hydrophobic membrane 18 extending across the membrane chamber.
  • the device also includes a base element 22 secured to the head element 12 and sealed with O-rings 20 and having an inlet 24 for the introduction of the gas feed stream, and a side outlet 30 for the withdrawal of the bypass gas stream.
  • Base element 22 is secured to a vertically disposed filter housing 34, vertically secured within the bottom opening of the base element 22, and having a filter tube 38 within the filter housing 34 sealed at ends, and the walls spaced apart therefrom, to form a peripheral chamber 42 about the filter tube and coalescer layer 40 to receive a filtered gas stream from the filter tube 38.
  • the peripheral chamber 42 connects to the base top membrane chamber 26, through filtered gas passageway 28, which membrane chamber 26 connects to the bypass outlet 30, to permit the transverse flow of a filtered gas feed stream across the surface of the hydrophobic membrane 18.
  • the filter tube 38 is in fluid flow communication with the gas feed stream inlet 24 to receive the feed stream within the interior of the filter tube 38.
  • the housing has a lower drain opening 36 for the discharge of coalesced liquid from the feed gas stream from the coalescer layer 40 of the filter tube 38.
  • the gas feed stream inlet 24 and the gas bypass outlet 30 are disposed at an angle of about ninety degrees from each other.
  • the filter housing 34 is removably and threadably secured in the bottom opening of the base element 22 to permit easy replacement of the filter tube and coalescer layer 40.

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à un dispositif intégré à membrane et à filtre coalesceur (10) qui alimente, en gaz échantillon propre, des analyseurs de gaz. Ledit dispositif comporte un logement (34), un orifice d'admission (24) du gaz d'alimentation, un orifice d'évacuation (14) destiné au retrait du gaz échantillon propre ne contenant pratiquement pas de liquides entraînés, tels que l'eau, ni de matière particulaire qui pourrait contaminer l'analyseur de gaz ou perturber les mesures, un orifice de dérivation (30) et un orifice d'écoulement (36) permettant l'extraction par gravité du liquide qui a subi une coalescence. Ledit dispositif (10) comporte d'une part, un tube filtrant (38) doté d'une couche de coalescence (40) conçue pour la coalescence et le filtrage du courant de gaz d'alimentation et d'autre part, une chambre (6) ayant une membrane hydrophobe supportée (18) à porosité sélectionnée. L'orifice d'évacuation (14) reçoit le gaz d'échantillonnage propre provenant des parties supérieures de la chambre (16), tandis que l'orifice de dérivation (30) extrait le gaz filtré ayant subi une coalescence.
PCT/US1997/006154 1996-04-12 1997-04-14 Dispositif integre a membrane et a filtre coalesceur et systeme correspondant WO1997038776A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU27290/97A AU2729097A (en) 1996-04-12 1997-04-14 Integral coalescer filter-membrane device and system

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1519296P 1996-04-12 1996-04-12
US60/015,192 1996-04-12
US08/786,808 US5800597A (en) 1997-01-21 1997-01-21 Integral coalescer filter-membrane device to provide a filtered gas stream and system employing such device
US08/786,808 1997-01-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997038776A1 true WO1997038776A1 (fr) 1997-10-23

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AU (1) AU2729097A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997038776A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2807825A1 (fr) 2000-04-14 2001-10-19 Total Raffinage Distribution Dispositif de separation d'une huile lubrifiante d'un gaz frigorigene dans un circuit frigorifique a compresseur
US6558077B1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2003-05-06 Cameron M. Colson Selective suspension drain closure apparatus
DE102007054340A1 (de) 2007-11-14 2009-05-28 Rational Ag Gargerät mit mesoporösem Filter für einen Halbleitergassensor
WO2013070352A1 (fr) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-16 Universal Analyzers Inc. Dispositif d'échantillonnage d'un écoulement liquide
US9625356B2 (en) 2011-11-10 2017-04-18 Universal Analyzers Inc. Fluid flow sampling device
CN108139377A (zh) * 2015-10-29 2018-06-08 气体测量仪器有限公司 气体检测仪进口管嘴组件
CN112295307A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-02 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种液体处理器及其更换系统
CN113018992A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-25 贾童童 一种膜料层叠脱落式陶瓷过滤管

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455792A (en) * 1966-05-12 1969-07-15 Daikin Ind Ltd Removal of liquid particles during distillation from gases with porous polytetrafluoroethylene paper
US3802160A (en) * 1972-05-17 1974-04-09 Hankison Corp Aerosol coalescing filter and the like
US3926561A (en) * 1974-05-13 1975-12-16 Meloy Lab Gas analysis employing semi-permeable membrane
US4102785A (en) * 1976-04-23 1978-07-25 Whatman Reeve Angel Limited Inside-to-outside flow filter tube and method of using same
US4572724A (en) * 1984-04-12 1986-02-25 Pall Corporation Blood filter
US4886528A (en) * 1987-05-05 1989-12-12 Instrumentarium Corp. Tubular water separator for a gas analyzer
US4932987A (en) * 1989-05-25 1990-06-12 Jorge Molina Extra corporeal air eliminator
US4941900A (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-07-17 Pall Corporation Apparatus and method for gas-liquid separation and filtration
US5368021A (en) * 1992-04-09 1994-11-29 Criticare Systems, Inc. System for handling and monitoring respiratory waste streams

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455792A (en) * 1966-05-12 1969-07-15 Daikin Ind Ltd Removal of liquid particles during distillation from gases with porous polytetrafluoroethylene paper
US3802160A (en) * 1972-05-17 1974-04-09 Hankison Corp Aerosol coalescing filter and the like
US3926561A (en) * 1974-05-13 1975-12-16 Meloy Lab Gas analysis employing semi-permeable membrane
US4102785A (en) * 1976-04-23 1978-07-25 Whatman Reeve Angel Limited Inside-to-outside flow filter tube and method of using same
US4572724A (en) * 1984-04-12 1986-02-25 Pall Corporation Blood filter
US4886528A (en) * 1987-05-05 1989-12-12 Instrumentarium Corp. Tubular water separator for a gas analyzer
US4941900A (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-07-17 Pall Corporation Apparatus and method for gas-liquid separation and filtration
US4932987A (en) * 1989-05-25 1990-06-12 Jorge Molina Extra corporeal air eliminator
US5368021A (en) * 1992-04-09 1994-11-29 Criticare Systems, Inc. System for handling and monitoring respiratory waste streams

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2807825A1 (fr) 2000-04-14 2001-10-19 Total Raffinage Distribution Dispositif de separation d'une huile lubrifiante d'un gaz frigorigene dans un circuit frigorifique a compresseur
US6558077B1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2003-05-06 Cameron M. Colson Selective suspension drain closure apparatus
DE102007054340A1 (de) 2007-11-14 2009-05-28 Rational Ag Gargerät mit mesoporösem Filter für einen Halbleitergassensor
DE102007054340B4 (de) * 2007-11-14 2009-10-01 Rational Ag Gargerät mit mesoporösem Filter für einen Halbleitergassensor
WO2013070352A1 (fr) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-16 Universal Analyzers Inc. Dispositif d'échantillonnage d'un écoulement liquide
US9625356B2 (en) 2011-11-10 2017-04-18 Universal Analyzers Inc. Fluid flow sampling device
US9702791B2 (en) 2011-11-10 2017-07-11 Universal Analyzers Inc. Fluid flow sampling device
CN108139377A (zh) * 2015-10-29 2018-06-08 气体测量仪器有限公司 气体检测仪进口管嘴组件
CN112295307A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-02 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种液体处理器及其更换系统
CN112295307B (zh) * 2020-11-16 2024-01-23 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种液体处理器及其更换系统
CN113018992A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-25 贾童童 一种膜料层叠脱落式陶瓷过滤管

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