WO1997019759A1 - Drip irrigation hose and method of its manufacture - Google Patents
Drip irrigation hose and method of its manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997019759A1 WO1997019759A1 PCT/US1995/015481 US9515481W WO9719759A1 WO 1997019759 A1 WO1997019759 A1 WO 1997019759A1 US 9515481 W US9515481 W US 9515481W WO 9719759 A1 WO9719759 A1 WO 9719759A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flow regulating
- hose
- inlets
- passage
- water supply
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Definitions
- This invention relates to the field of drip irrigation and, more particularly, to a turbulent, high flow drip irrigation hose and method for its manufacture.
- Drip irrigation hose can be classified as having either discrete emitters or continuous integral emitters.
- An example of discrete emitters is shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,850,531.
- An example of continuous integral emitters is shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,247,051.
- a design objective of drip irrigation hose is uniformity of the drip rate from each emitter. Since the water pressure in a drip irrigation system varies as a function of elevation of the field, it is customary to incorporate a pressure regulating mechanism into the emitters. Turbulent flow is less sensitive to pressure variation than laminar flow. Accordingly, it has become common practice for drip irrigation hose to employ a serpentine flow regulating passage as continuous integral emitters to promote turbulent flow.
- An example of such drip irrigation hose is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,984,739, where a series of staggered, upstream angled chevrons or weirs form the serpentine passage.
- the emitters comprise a flow regulating passage formed by ribs that also seal the overlapping margins of an elongated bent sheet of plastic film.
- the passage is divided by cross ribs to form flow regulating segments.
- the bent film forms an elongated water supply passage having a large diameter.
- An inlet is formed from the water supply passage to one end of each segment of the flow regulating passage.
- An outlet is formed from the other end of each segment of the flow regulating passage to the exterior of the hose. Between the inlet and outlet, each segment has staggered, upstream angled chevrons.
- Complications can occur when the dimensions of this type of drip irrigation hose are changed to increase the flow rate.
- the flow rate can be increased by decreasing the length of the segments, increasing the height of the ribs, or increasing the separation between the ribs of the flow regulating passage.
- these measures tend to decrease the reliability and uniformity of the product and to cause the water to squirt out of the outlets because the line pressure is not fully dissipated by the flow regulating passage.
- the serpentine, turbulence inducing path lengths from the inlets to the outlets of the flow regulating passage of a continuous emitter drip irrigation hose are arranged in back to back fashion, so there is parallel turbulent flow from two inlets to each outlet. This doubles the flow rate from each outlet without changing the dimensions of the flow regulating passage.
- a longitudinal flow regulating passage having a small cross section is disposed along a elongated water supply passage having a large cross section.
- the outlets are offset from the inlets to provide two substantial path lengths from each inlet to a respective outlet.
- a series of staggered chevrons are formed along the sides of the flow regulating passage. The chevrons are angled towards the inlets along each path length to induce turbulent flow.
- a longitudinal flow regulating passage having a small cross section is disposed along a elongated water supply passage having a large cross section.
- the outlets are offset from the inlets to provide two substantial path lengths from each inlet to a respective outlet.
- a series of staggered chevrons are formed along the sides of the flow regulating passage. The chevrons arc angled towards the inlets along each path length to induce turbulent flow.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a drip irrigation hose incorporating the principles of the invention with the outer margin partially cut away;
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken through plane 2-2 in FIG. 1 illustrating two inlets to the flow regulating passage;
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken through plane 3-3 in FIG. 1 illustrating an outlet from the flow regulating passage;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the method for manufacturing the drip irrigation hose shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of apparatus for performing the bead laying, rib forming, film folding, and regulating passage forming steps of FIG. 4.
- a drip irrigation hose 10 is formed from a thin (e.g., 4 to 15 mil) film 12 of flexible water impervious plastic material bent along its length to form an overlapping longitudinal seam between opposing longitudinal margins, namely an inner margin 14 and an outer margin 16.
- Margins 14 and 16 are sealed together by a continuous repeating pattern of longitudinally extending spaced apart ribs 18 and 20 made of the same or compatible plastic material as film 12.
- Ribs 18 and 20 and margins 14 and 16 define a flow regulating passage 22 as described in more detail in the referenced '051 and
- a water supply passage 24 is defined by the remainder of film 12.
- rib 18 has a series of interruptions and pillars that form inlets 26 to flow regulating passage 22.
- a series of staggered chevrons 30 are formed along the inner sides of ribs 18 and 20 between each of inlets 26 and outlets 28. In each case, the chevrons are angled toward inlets 26 to promote turbulent flow along the path length from each inlet 26 to outlet 28 of flow regulating passage 22.
- inlets 26 have a substantially larger cross sectional area than outlets 28 and the flow regulating passages. As a result, inlets 26 are not flow limiting.
- the serpentine turbulence inducing path lengths are arranged in back to back fashion relative to the outlets in the sense that the chevrons angle away from each of outlets 28, so there is parallel flow throughout the length of hose 10 from two of inlets 26 to one of outlets 28.
- the pattem of ribs illustrated in FIG. 1 is repeated continuously along the entire length of hose 10 between overlapping margins 14 and 16.
- outlets 28 are spaced from each other and offset from inlets 26, which are also spaced from each other. Since inlets 26 are not flow limiting, each of inlets 26 feeds two of outlets 28 and each of outlets 28 is fed by two of inlets 26. As a result, the flow rate through each outlet 28 is doubled because it is fed by two inlets and two flow regulating passages.
- outlets 28 are first formed in film 12, preferably in the manner disclosed in the '984 patent. Then, as represented by a block 42 inner margin 14 is folded. As represented by a block 44, one or more beads are laid on the outside surface of inner margin 14 by one or more extrusion nozzles. As represented by a block 46, a pattern of ribs, i.e., ribs 18 and 20, is formed by a molding wheel. As represented by a block 48, outer margin 16 is next folded onto inner margin 14 with the formed ribs therebetween.
- flow regulating passage 22 is finished by passing inner margin 14, outer margin 16, and the ribs 18 and 20 through the nip of a form wheel and a backing wheel to set precisely the height of ribs 18 and 20. This method is described in more detail in the '984 patent.
- FIG. 5 illustrates apparatus for performing the steps represented by blocks 44 to 50.
- One or more extrusion nozzles 52 deposit one or more continuous longitudinal beads 54 on the outside surface of inner margin 14.
- Film 12 then passes through the nip of a rotating molding wheel 56 and a rotating backing wheel 58.
- Molding wheel 56 has a pattem of depressions 60 corresponding to the desired rib pattem on drip irrigation hose 10, i.e., the pattem shown in FIG. 1.
- beads 54 are shaped by molding wheel 56 to form the desired bead pattem repeatedly and continuously on film 12 for the entire length of hose 10.
- extemal margin 16 of film 12 is folded by a guide 62 to overlap inner margin 14.
- the overlapped margins of film 12 pass through the nip of a form wheel 64 and a backing wheel 66.
- Form wheel 64 has a groove 68 that depresses the ribs formed by beads 54 to set the rib height at a specified value that determines the flow rate of the hose.
- film 12 is continuously transported by conventional means not shown.
- the disclosed wheels could be driven or other drive wheels could be provided to transport the film.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95944044A EP0863804A4 (en) | 1995-11-29 | 1995-11-29 | Drip irrigation hose and method of its manufacture |
NZ300719A NZ300719A (en) | 1995-11-29 | 1995-11-29 | Drip irrigation hose |
CA002239153A CA2239153C (en) | 1995-11-29 | 1995-11-29 | Drip irrigation hose and method of its manufacture |
PCT/US1995/015481 WO1997019759A1 (en) | 1995-11-29 | 1995-11-29 | Drip irrigation hose and method of its manufacture |
AU45948/96A AU723101B2 (en) | 1995-11-29 | 1995-11-29 | Drip irrigation hose and method of its manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1995/015481 WO1997019759A1 (en) | 1995-11-29 | 1995-11-29 | Drip irrigation hose and method of its manufacture |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997019759A1 true WO1997019759A1 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
Family
ID=22250177
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1995/015481 WO1997019759A1 (en) | 1995-11-29 | 1995-11-29 | Drip irrigation hose and method of its manufacture |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0863804A4 (en) |
AU (1) | AU723101B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997019759A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2249632A1 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2010-11-17 | NewSouth Innovations Pty Limited | Reverse osmosis irrigation |
CN103623947A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-12 | 莱芜市春雨滴灌技术有限公司 | Unbalanced directional ordering cylindrical dropper |
CN110226437A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-13 | 陆军军 | A kind of constant humidity energy conservation agricultural system based on ambient moisture |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4473191A (en) * | 1982-04-01 | 1984-09-25 | Chapin Richard D | Drip irrigation system employing flow regulation |
US5106021A (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1992-04-21 | U.S. Farm Products Limited | Irrigation device |
US5123984A (en) * | 1990-08-17 | 1992-06-23 | T-Systems International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming ports in drip irrigation hose |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4548360A (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1985-10-22 | William W. C. Delmer | Multichamber drip irrigation hose |
WO1990004464A1 (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-05-03 | Davies Allport | Drip irrigation hose |
US5246171A (en) * | 1991-06-06 | 1993-09-21 | Roberts James C | Drip irrigation tape including a series of alternately offset elongated chambers |
-
1995
- 1995-11-29 AU AU45948/96A patent/AU723101B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-11-29 WO PCT/US1995/015481 patent/WO1997019759A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-11-29 EP EP95944044A patent/EP0863804A4/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4473191A (en) * | 1982-04-01 | 1984-09-25 | Chapin Richard D | Drip irrigation system employing flow regulation |
US5106021A (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1992-04-21 | U.S. Farm Products Limited | Irrigation device |
US5123984A (en) * | 1990-08-17 | 1992-06-23 | T-Systems International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming ports in drip irrigation hose |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0863804A4 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2249632A1 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2010-11-17 | NewSouth Innovations Pty Limited | Reverse osmosis irrigation |
EP2249632A4 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2014-07-30 | Univ Sydney | Reverse osmosis irrigation |
CN103623947A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-12 | 莱芜市春雨滴灌技术有限公司 | Unbalanced directional ordering cylindrical dropper |
CN110226437A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-13 | 陆军军 | A kind of constant humidity energy conservation agricultural system based on ambient moisture |
CN110226437B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2021-05-07 | 东平甲瑞农业科技有限公司 | Constant-humidity energy-saving agricultural system based on environmental moisture |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU723101B2 (en) | 2000-08-17 |
EP0863804A1 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
EP0863804A4 (en) | 2001-05-09 |
AU4594896A (en) | 1997-06-19 |
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