WO1997015794A1 - Procede et dispositif d'acheminement de la chaleur contenue dans de l'air de sortie vers de l'air d'admission par un echangeur thermique par l'intermediaire duquel circule le liquide de tranfert thermique non gele - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'acheminement de la chaleur contenue dans de l'air de sortie vers de l'air d'admission par un echangeur thermique par l'intermediaire duquel circule le liquide de tranfert thermique non gele Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997015794A1
WO1997015794A1 PCT/FI1996/000564 FI9600564W WO9715794A1 WO 1997015794 A1 WO1997015794 A1 WO 1997015794A1 FI 9600564 W FI9600564 W FI 9600564W WO 9715794 A1 WO9715794 A1 WO 9715794A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
transfer liquid
arrangement
air
heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1996/000564
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dan Sarin
Original Assignee
Abb Installaatiot Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Installaatiot Oy filed Critical Abb Installaatiot Oy
Priority to AU73023/96A priority Critical patent/AU7302396A/en
Priority to DE19681613T priority patent/DE19681613T1/de
Publication of WO1997015794A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997015794A1/fr
Priority to SE9801333A priority patent/SE9801333L/xx

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/002—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an intermediate heat-transfer fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/006—Preventing deposits of ice
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for conveying heat, in which heating or cooling power is conveyed from the exhaust air cf ventilation or air conditioning of standard rooms into inlet air by means of an inlet air heat exchanger, via which non-freezing heat transfer liquid is circulated.
  • the invention further relates to a arrangement f r conveying heat.
  • it is nowadays common to recover heat from lov.-temperature exhaust air, i.e. having a temperature cf 18 - 27 °c, and transfer it to inlet air by means of a specific heat recovery unit.
  • a variety of types of installations have been used for recovery, the commonest being a plate heat exchanger operating on a cross-flow principle in which inlet and exhaust air flows are directed to adjacent narrow ducts through whose partition the heat is conveyed; a liquid-circulation system in which the heat from the exhaust air is bound in a heat exchanger to a heat transfer liquid which is pumped through the pipeline to an inlet air heat exchanger in which it releases its heat; and a so-called regenerative system in which heat is bound in an exhaust duct to a solid substance which is transferred mechanically to an inlet air duct to release its heat.
  • the commonest application of the last-mentioned system is a rotating drum, exhaust air being arranged to flow through one half and inlet air through the other half of said drum.
  • the installations are attended by serious drawbacks.
  • the most remarkable of them is a poor heat transfer co-efficient, which results in the fact that large heat surfaces must be used in order to recover a sufficient amount of energy.
  • the costs are thus high and the payback time long.
  • the poor heat transfer co-efficient is mainly due to the fact that in all types of installations, heat must pass twice through the boundary of air and a metal or some other solid substance.
  • the so-called surface resistance is thus dozens of times higher compared with the case in which heat is transferred e.g. through a boundary of a liquid and a metal.
  • a high flow resistance has remarkable side- effects.
  • the noise level of tne fan increases, for instance, and the sound attenuators must be dimensioned for a higher degree of attenuation, which increases the costs.
  • a larger motor of the fan requires larger auxiliary equipments, such as wirings, contactors, thermal relays etc.
  • the coupling power and costs are also higher compared with a smaller engine.
  • Finnish Patent applications No. 933,534 and 954,508 disclose installations in which the heat transfer co-efficient is improved by forming a liquid layer on a heat transfer surface of the air side of an exhaust air heat exchanger. The surface resistance is thus reduced, and freezing of the surface may thus also be prevented in the installation in accordance with Finnish patent application No. 954,508. The surface resistance and the air flow resistance caused by the exchanger still exist, however.
  • the invention is based on the idea that instead of moistening the heat surface, the heat exchanger of the exhaust side of a liquid- circulation system is entirely removed and a non- freezing liquid is brought into a direct contact with low-temperature exhaust air.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the non-freezing heat transfer liquid is brought into direct contact with exhaust air.
  • the arrangement of the invention is characterized by comprising means that are arranged to bring the heat transfer liquid into direct contact with the exhaust air.
  • the major advantage of the invention is the fact that there are no investment costs caused by the heat exchanger, and the pressure loss caused by the heat exchanger, as well as the negative consequences caused by the pressure loss are eliminated. It is easy to form a large surface of liquid by spraying it into the air in a manner which is known per se from air humidifiers and equipment for producing condensing water or process water from hot process gases at power plants, or by employing prior art air humidifiers whose price is remarkably lower than that of the air exchanger. It must also be noted that in prior art systems the humidifier is required in any case for recovering cooling power in summer.
  • the efficiency of the recovery increases to more than 80 %, if it is 70 % in conventional systems, that is, the amount of energy required from outside decreases by more than 30 %.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the simplest embodiment of the invention.
  • Inlet air A-A' flows through an inlet air heat exchanger 1 and exhaust air B-B' through a humidification chamber 2 placed into an exhaust duct.
  • there is no heat exchanger in the exhaust duct but non-freezing heat transfer liquid is brought into direct contact with the exhaust air flow B-B'.
  • the heat transfer liquid collected at the bottom of the humidification chamber 2 is sucked by means of a pump 4 via a pipe 5 and pressed via the inlet air exchanger 1 and a pipe 6 to nozzles 3, by means of which the heat transfer liquid is sprayed to the humidification chamber 2, in which is comes into contact with the exhaust air.
  • the flow of the heat transfer liquid mist and air is a so-called cross- flow, that is, the flow directions are perpendicular to each other.
  • a counter-flow application according to Figure 2, in which the heat transfer liquid and the exhaust air flow in the opposite directions in the contact situation.
  • the counter-flow application can naturally also be achieved in a way known per se by connecting two or more humidifiers in series.
  • the counter-flow solution must often be implemented in accordance with Figure 3 so that the flows take place in the vertical direction for making the heat transfer liquid settle in order to be collected.
  • a humidifier cell 7, as well as an exhaust air duct 8 and an inlet air duct 9 are shown instead of the nozzles.
  • any prior art humidification device may be used, as well as any sprayer device may be used instead of nozzles.
  • the exhaust air may contain impurities that may come into the heat transfer liquid and weaken its heat transfer characteristics and/or cause blockages, wearing etc.
  • an exhaust air filter 10 is shown in Figure 3, by means of which filter most of the impurities may be removed.
  • Heat transfer liquids are usually aqueous solutions because in winter their temperature usually drops below 0 ⁇ C, and the heat transfer liquid must thus be non-freezing.
  • water and/or blend component When the liquid comes into direct contact with air, water and/or blend component usually evaporate from it in summer, and water is condensed from the exhaust air in winter when the exhaust air cools down. This usually results in a reduced volume and an increased concentration of liquid in summer and in an increased volume and a reduced concentration of liquid in winter. Methods for controlling the concentration are disclosed in Finnish Patent application No. 954,508, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the summertime it can be stated that if, in addition to water, the blend component of the heat transfer liquid is also volatile, it is advantageous to drain the heat transfer liquid from the heat transfer circuit and use water instead.
  • the drainage may be carried out as a single operation manually or automatically by means of a pump 4 controlled e.g. by an outdoor air thermostat or in some other way known per se.
  • the overall arrangement for controlling the concentration and the temperatures may be e.g. in accordance with Figure 4.
  • Figure 4 relates to a case in which the heat transfer liquid is not replaced, that is, it is a question of an inorganic saline solution whose blend component does not evaporate.
  • the arrangement of Figure 4 corresponds to Figure 3 in other respects, but the heat exchanger 1 of the inlet side is also connected to the circuit as a counter-flow connection, which improves the efficiency of the recovery.
  • Figure 4 also shows a tap water supply 13, from which the water evaporating from the solution is replaced via a valve 14.
  • the valve 14 may be controlled by a level or concentration sensor placed in the distillation funnel 11, or the valve 14 itself may be a float valve, or some other prior art technique for controlling the level and/or concentration may be employed. These are not shown in Figure 4.
  • tap water network it is of course possible to obtain water from a container via a manual valve or a control valve, to fill the distillation funnel 11 manually, to control the operation by means of a timer etc. All these prior art solutions of course fall within the scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 For winter-time use Figure 4 shows as an example an installation 15 - 19 operating on the evaporating principle.
  • a three-way valve 15 controlled by a concentration sensor placed e.g. in the distillation funnel 11 or in pipes 5 or 6 or by some other control device directs part of the flow of pipe 5 or 6 via a heat exchanger 16 to a boiling vessel 17, in which water is vaporized from the solution e.g. by means of an electric resistance 18, the water being then directed to an exchanger 16, at which it condenses and preheats the heat transfer liquid passing to the boiling vessel 17.
  • the cooled water is passed to a sewer, to a distillation container, or the like.
  • the concentrated solution is directed from the boiling vessel 17 via a valve 19 to pipe 5.
  • the valve 19 may be controlled by a concentration or level sensor, a timer or any other prior art device.
  • the heat source of evaporation may be a gas or oil burner, steam etc. It is of course possible to employ partial vacuum evaporation cr the combination of partial vacuum evaporation and heat, or any other prior art evaporation technique.
  • the installation 15 - 19 may operate e.g. on the principle of the reverse osmosis, or it is possible to provide the distillation funnel with an overflow pipe and feed concentrated liquid manually via the valve 19 or from the container or to employ some other prior art method for controlling the concentration.
  • Figure 4 shows an example of controlling the temperatures.
  • the exhaust air flow B-B may be e.g. directed entirely or partly past the humidification chamber 2 by opening a damper 25 and closing a damper 26.
  • the operation of the dampers may of course be periodic, as well. It is also possible to adjust the liquid flow in the circuit 1 - 7 e.g.
  • the exchanger 20 has a circulating pump 22 of its own, and bypass adjustment arranged by means of a valve 23 between an inlet pipe 21 and an exhaust pipe 24 for adjusting the temperature.
  • the additional power may be supplied e.g. to a separate heat exchanger/exchangers placed in the inlet duct 9 after the exchanger 1, likewise the adjustment of the circuit 1 - 7 may be arranged by means of a bypass of the exchanger 20, by adjusting the rotating speed of the pump etc. All these prior art arrangements of course fall within the scope of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé et à un dispositif d'acheminement de la chaleur, la capacité calorifique ou refroidissante étant transférée de l'air de sortie (B-B') de ventilation ou de climatisation de locaux aux dimensions standards vers de l'air d'admission (A-A') au moyen d'un échangeur thermique par l'intermédiaire duquel circule le liquide de transfert thermique non gelé. Afin de réduire les coûts d'installation, le liquide de transfert thermique non gelé est directement mis en contact avec l'air de sortie (B- B').
PCT/FI1996/000564 1995-10-26 1996-10-23 Procede et dispositif d'acheminement de la chaleur contenue dans de l'air de sortie vers de l'air d'admission par un echangeur thermique par l'intermediaire duquel circule le liquide de tranfert thermique non gele WO1997015794A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU73023/96A AU7302396A (en) 1995-10-26 1996-10-23 Method and arrangement for conveying heat from exhaust air into inlet air by a heat exchanger via which non-freezing heat transfer liquid is circulated
DE19681613T DE19681613T1 (de) 1995-10-26 1996-10-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Transportieren von Wärme von Abluft in Eingangsluft durch einen Wärmetauscher, durch den kältebeständige Wärmeübertragungsflüssigkeit zirkuliert wird
SE9801333A SE9801333L (sv) 1995-10-26 1998-04-17 Sätt och anordning för överföring av värme från utgående luft till inloppsluft genom en värmeväxlare via vilken icke frysande värmeöverföringsvätska cirkuleras

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI955112 1995-10-26
FI955112A FI102320B1 (fi) 1995-10-26 1995-10-26 Menetelmä ja sovitelma lämmön siirtämiseksi

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997015794A1 true WO1997015794A1 (fr) 1997-05-01

Family

ID=8544265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1996/000564 WO1997015794A1 (fr) 1995-10-26 1996-10-23 Procede et dispositif d'acheminement de la chaleur contenue dans de l'air de sortie vers de l'air d'admission par un echangeur thermique par l'intermediaire duquel circule le liquide de tranfert thermique non gele

Country Status (6)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7302396A (fr)
DE (1) DE19681613T1 (fr)
FI (1) FI102320B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL326390A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE9801333L (fr)
WO (1) WO1997015794A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6478984B1 (en) 1997-08-29 2002-11-12 Fortum Oyj Liquid for evaporative cooling apparatus
WO2007106030A1 (fr) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-20 Mikael Nutsos Procédé et dispositif permettant d'optimiser les propriétés de transfert thermique dans des systèmes de ventilation par échange thermique
IT202000029807A1 (it) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-04 Genesi Srl Metodo di recupero di calore in impianti di ventilazione meccanica per il rinnovo dell’aria ambiente durante il funzionamento estivo

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20204746U1 (de) * 2002-03-26 2003-08-07 Kreutzfeldt Nils Luftaufbereitungsgerät zur Regulierung der Wärme und der Luftfeuchtigkeit in geschlossenen Räumen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE37664C1 (fr) * 1914-10-07
US2825210A (en) * 1954-07-19 1958-03-04 Clifford H Carr Heat exchange apparatus
DE3017488A1 (de) * 1979-05-18 1980-12-04 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Luftkuehler
GB2081880A (en) * 1980-06-05 1982-02-24 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method of and apparatus for recovering waste heat from treatment booths
GB2129118A (en) * 1982-10-26 1984-05-10 Epicland Limited Gas liquid air conditioning system
WO1995004902A1 (fr) * 1993-08-10 1995-02-16 Abb Installaatiot Oy Systeme de refroidissement de l'air souffle dans une installation de climatisation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE37664C1 (fr) * 1914-10-07
US2825210A (en) * 1954-07-19 1958-03-04 Clifford H Carr Heat exchange apparatus
DE3017488A1 (de) * 1979-05-18 1980-12-04 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Luftkuehler
GB2081880A (en) * 1980-06-05 1982-02-24 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method of and apparatus for recovering waste heat from treatment booths
GB2129118A (en) * 1982-10-26 1984-05-10 Epicland Limited Gas liquid air conditioning system
WO1995004902A1 (fr) * 1993-08-10 1995-02-16 Abb Installaatiot Oy Systeme de refroidissement de l'air souffle dans une installation de climatisation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6478984B1 (en) 1997-08-29 2002-11-12 Fortum Oyj Liquid for evaporative cooling apparatus
WO2007106030A1 (fr) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-20 Mikael Nutsos Procédé et dispositif permettant d'optimiser les propriétés de transfert thermique dans des systèmes de ventilation par échange thermique
US8464783B2 (en) 2006-03-10 2013-06-18 Mikael Nutsos Method and arrangement for optimizing heat transfer properties in heat exchange ventilation systems
IT202000029807A1 (it) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-04 Genesi Srl Metodo di recupero di calore in impianti di ventilazione meccanica per il rinnovo dell’aria ambiente durante il funzionamento estivo

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL326390A1 (en) 1998-09-14
FI955112A (fi) 1997-04-27
FI102320B (fi) 1998-11-13
SE9801333D0 (sv) 1998-04-17
FI955112A0 (fi) 1995-10-26
FI102320B1 (fi) 1998-11-13
AU7302396A (en) 1997-05-15
SE9801333L (sv) 1998-06-24
DE19681613T1 (de) 1998-10-08

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