WO1997013126A1 - Device for detecting the emptying of a container used in the production of plastics - Google Patents

Device for detecting the emptying of a container used in the production of plastics Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997013126A1
WO1997013126A1 PCT/EP1996/004300 EP9604300W WO9713126A1 WO 1997013126 A1 WO1997013126 A1 WO 1997013126A1 EP 9604300 W EP9604300 W EP 9604300W WO 9713126 A1 WO9713126 A1 WO 9713126A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
counter
container
time
signal
determined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/004300
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Locker
Reinhard Schadt
Jürgen WOHLMANN
Original Assignee
Rieter Automatik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rieter Automatik Gmbh filed Critical Rieter Automatik Gmbh
Publication of WO1997013126A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997013126A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06—Details or accessories
    • B67D7/56—Arrangements of flow-indicators, e.g. transparent compartments, windows, rotary vanes
    • B67D7/565—Arrangements of flow-indicators, e.g. transparent compartments, windows, rotary vanes for indicating end of flow, e.g. by optical or audible signals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
    • B67D1/08—Details
    • B67D1/12—Flow or pressure control devices or systems, e.g. valves, gas pressure control, level control in storage containers
    • B67D1/1247—Means for detecting the presence or absence of liquid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F17/00—Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/14—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting the emptying of a container used for the production of plastics, the content of which is under gas pressure.
  • Such a device is referred to as an autoclave, from which the finished plastic material is pressed out by gas pressure. If this process is continued until the autoclave has been completely emptied, the gas will squeeze plastic residues out of the outlet of the container, which is dangerous for the operating personnel and can lead to corresponding pollution of the environment.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device which allows the extensive emptying of an autoclave to be recognized in good time so that the process described above cannot occur without a particularly large measurement outlay being necessary. According to the invention, this is done by means of a microphone which, in the presence of a residual amount in the container, registers gas bubbles which have entered the container and escape with a popping noise passes to a counter which emits a signal when one or more successive bang noises are detected within the time period determined by the timer.
  • the invention uses the occurrence of bang noises at the outlet of an autoclave in a technically simple and elegant manner, which occur when there is only a relatively small remaining amount in the autoclave, into which gas bubbles can then enter under the gas pressure prevailing in the autoclave escape with the popping noise mentioned. After the occurrence of such a cracking noise, the remaining amount still flowing out of the container continues to flow out, so that the cracking noise is an isolated process without the above-mentioned explosion-like residual emptying being able to occur.
  • the bang is fed to a counter, which either registers this after one or possibly several bangs and limits this registration to the case that a number of bang noises follow one another in a time period determined by a timing element, as a result of which bang noises which occur at a greater time interval are eliminated, which under certain circumstances can occur individually during the normal emptying of the container. If both the counter has registered the relevant number of popping noises and these occur in the certain period of time, then the device emits a signal which can then be used in various ways, but in any case contains the message that there is only in the container there is a relatively small amount left.
  • the device can advantageously be designed such that the signal activates a further timing element which determines an additional period of time within which the occurrence of one or more further popping noises is determined by the counter.
  • the additional period within which further popping noises are detected provides the possibility of monitoring a larger period at the end of the emptying of an autoclave, with which the pretense of emptying by a few popping noises occurring is avoided with certainty.
  • the emission of the signal is expediently triggered for the closure of the container, thereby avoiding the explosion-like emptying mentioned above. This closure can take place with a certain delay.
  • the timer (s) are set with regard to the period of time determined by him or her.
  • the device can be adapted to a wide variety of plastics in such a way that the device can work with the required security in any case.
  • the counter can be designed as an integrator, which integrates successive pulses supplied by the microphone and, when a certain voltage threshold is reached, emits a signal which then corresponds to the counting of a predetermined number of pulses.
  • the figure shows a schematic representation of an autoclave 1 used for the production of plastics, to which a pourer 3 is connected via a slide 2, from which a number of plastic strands emerge, which exist in liquid form and are cooled for further processing, after which it is in this connection does not matter. Apart from this, this arrangement is state of the art.
  • the slide 2 regulates the flow of the liquid plastic contained in the autoclave 1.
  • the microphone 4 In the vicinity of the side of the caster 3 that supplies the plastic strands 10, the microphone 4 is arranged, which reacts to bang noises and uses them in electrical impulses to control a connected circuit. These popping noises occur when gas bubbles reach the caster 3 from the autoclave 1 and exit at the outlet of the caster 3 which supplies the plastic strands 10, as described above.
  • An occurring bang is in the form of an electrical pulse on the one hand to the timer 5 and on the other hand passed the counter 6, to the output of which a further timer 7 is connected.
  • the further timing element 7 receives a pulse from the counter 6 when, on the one hand, it has received a certain number of pulses, for example two pulses, from the microphone 4 and these pulses follow one another within a time period determined by the timing element 5.
  • the timing element 5 is connected to the output of the microphone 4 and is triggered by every pulse emitted by the microphone 4, thereby releasing the counter 6 for the reception of further pulses for the period determined by it.
  • the counter 6 emits a pulse which can be used as a signal that there is only a residual amount in the autoclave.
  • the additional timer 7 is connected to the counter 6, which serves to determine whether the bang noises registered by the microphone 4 occur within a certain minimum distance.
  • the circuit works as follows: First, the bang noises occurring within a certain time period, for example two bang noises, are registered by means of the microphone 4, the timing element 5 and the counter 6 and emitted as two impulses which are then only emitted by the timing element 7 the signal generator 8 are forwarded if the successive bang noises do not fall below a certain minimum time interval. In this way, very rapid successive bangs are suppressed for further processing.
  • the further timing element 7 transmits a pulse to the signal generator, which converts the pulse supplied to it into an evaluable signal. This can occur, for example, in the delivery of an electrical voltage exist, which is then fed to the actuating device 9, by which the slide 2 is actuated such that it prevents the further flow of the plastic.
  • the counter 6 is set to the number 2, for example, and two bang noises occur within the time period determined by the timing element 5, the time interval of which is also greater than the minimum time interval determined by the timing element 7, this leads to the activation of the signal generator 8 and thus to the closing of the slide 2, since it is signaled by the popping noises that occur that the autoclave 1 has only a small remaining amount.
  • the timer 5 Since different plastics react differently with regard to the inclusion of gas bubbles in the autoclave 1, e.g. Experience has shown that more than two bang noises in a specific time sequence are typical for the almost complete emptying of the autoclave, the timer 5, the counter 6 and the additional timer 7 are designed to be adjustable, which is indicated for the timer 5 by the arrow shown. In this way, the device can be adapted to the behavior of different plastics.
  • the device requires only a small amount of electronic components other than a microphone. It is therefore inexpensive to manufacture and, with great certainty, permits timely detection of the almost complete emptying of an autoclave.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention pertains to a device for detecting the emptying of a container (1) used in the production of plastics, the contents of the container being held under pressure. A microphone (4) registers gas bubbles that have entered any residue present in the container as they escape from the residue with a popping sound within a period determined by a timing element (5) and feeds the registered 'pops' to a counter (6) which emits a signal if one or more consecutive pops are detected within the period determined by the timing element.

Description

Vorrichtung zur Erkennung der Entleerung eines zur Herstellung von Kunststoffen dienenden Behälters Device for detecting the emptying of a container used for the production of plastics
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Erkennung der Entleerung eines zur Herstellung von Kunststoffen dienenden Behälters, dessen Inhalt unter Gasdruck steht.The invention relates to a device for detecting the emptying of a container used for the production of plastics, the content of which is under gas pressure.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung wird als Autoklav bezeichnet, aus dem das fertig hergestellte Kunststoffmaterial durch Gasdruck ausgepreßt wird. Wenn dieser Vorgang bis zur vollständigen Entleerung des Autoklaven fortgesetzt wird, dann preßt das Gas Kunststoffreste aus dem Auslaß des Behälters explosionsartig heraus, was für das Bedienungspersonal gefähr¬ lich ist und zu einer entsprechenden Verschmutzung der Umgebung führen kann.Such a device is referred to as an autoclave, from which the finished plastic material is pressed out by gas pressure. If this process is continued until the autoclave has been completely emptied, the gas will squeeze plastic residues out of the outlet of the container, which is dangerous for the operating personnel and can lead to corresponding pollution of the environment.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die die weitgehende Entleerung eines Autoklaven so rechtzeitig erkennen läßt, daß der vorstehend beschriebene Vorgang nicht eintreten kann, ohne daß hierzu ein besonders großer meßtechnischer Aufwand erforder¬ lich wird. Erfindungsgemäß geschieht dies durch ein Mikrophon, das bei Vorhandensein einer im Behälter befindlichen Restmenge in diese einge¬ tretene, mit einem Knallgeräusch entweichende Gasblasen registriert und an einen Zähler leitet, der bei Feststellung von einem oder mehreren innerhalb des von dem Zeitglied bestimmten Zeitraumes aufeinander folgender Knallgeräusche ein Signal abgibt.The invention has for its object to provide a device which allows the extensive emptying of an autoclave to be recognized in good time so that the process described above cannot occur without a particularly large measurement outlay being necessary. According to the invention, this is done by means of a microphone which, in the presence of a residual amount in the container, registers gas bubbles which have entered the container and escape with a popping noise passes to a counter which emits a signal when one or more successive bang noises are detected within the time period determined by the timer.
Die Erfindung nutzt in technisch einfacher und eleganter Weise das Auftreten von Knallgeräuschen am Ausgang eines Autoklaven aus, die sich dann ergeben, wenn sich im Autoklaven nur noch eine relativ geringe Restmenge befindet, in die dann unter dem im Autoklaven herrschenden Gasdruck Gasblasen eintreten können, die mit dem erwähn- ten Knallgeräusch entweichen. Nach Auftreten eines solchen Knallgeräu¬ sches fließt aus dem Behälter die noch darin befindlichen Restmenge weiterhin aus, so daß es sich bei dem Knallgeräusch um einen isolierten Vorgang handelt, ohne daß es dabei zu der oben erwähnten explosions¬ artigen Restentleerung kommen kann. Um dabei eine Sicherheit hinsicht- lieh der Tatsache zu erzielen, daß sich im Behälter nur noch eine Restmenge befindet, wird das Knallgeräusch einem Zähler zugeleitet, der entweder schon nach einem oder ggf. mehreren Knallgeräuschen dies registriert und diese Registrierung auf den Fall beschränkt, daß mehrere Knallgeräusche in einem von einem Zeitglied bestimmten Zeitraum aufeinander folgen, wodurch mit größerem Zeitabstand auftretende Knall¬ geräusche ausgeschieden werden, die unter Umständen einzeln schon während der normalen Entleerung des Behälters auftreten können. Wenn sowohl der Zähler die betreffende Anzahl von Knallgeräuschen registriert hat und diese in dem bestimmten Zeitraum auftreten, dann gibt die Vorrichtung ein Signal ab, das dann in verschiedener Weise verwendet werden kann, auf jeden Fall aber die Meldung beinhaltet, daß sich im Behälter nur noch eine relativ geringe Restmenge befindet.The invention uses the occurrence of bang noises at the outlet of an autoclave in a technically simple and elegant manner, which occur when there is only a relatively small remaining amount in the autoclave, into which gas bubbles can then enter under the gas pressure prevailing in the autoclave escape with the popping noise mentioned. After the occurrence of such a cracking noise, the remaining amount still flowing out of the container continues to flow out, so that the cracking noise is an isolated process without the above-mentioned explosion-like residual emptying being able to occur. In order to achieve a certainty with regard to the fact that there is only a residual amount in the container, the bang is fed to a counter, which either registers this after one or possibly several bangs and limits this registration to the case that a number of bang noises follow one another in a time period determined by a timing element, as a result of which bang noises which occur at a greater time interval are eliminated, which under certain circumstances can occur individually during the normal emptying of the container. If both the counter has registered the relevant number of popping noises and these occur in the certain period of time, then the device emits a signal which can then be used in various ways, but in any case contains the message that there is only in the container there is a relatively small amount left.
Es ist darüberhinaus vorteilhaft, die Vorrichtung so zu gestalten, daß das Signal bei Feststellung von mehreren Knallgeräuschen mit von einem Zeitglied bestimmten Mindestzeitabstand abgegeben wird. Durch die Feststellung des Mindestzeitabstandes werden von der Signalgabe Fälle ausgeschlossen, in denen Knallgeräusche unmittelbar aufeinanderfolgen, also von im Kunststoff mitfließenden, dicht benachbarten Gasblasen stammen, wie sie bei der normalen Entleerung eines Autoklaven vor¬ kommen können. Derartig zeitlich dicht benachbarte Knallgeräusche könnten das Vorhandensein einer im Behälter nur noch befindlichen Restmenge vortäuschen, was durch die Feststellung eines Mindestzeit¬ abstandes vermieden wird.It is also advantageous to design the device so that the signal upon detection of several bangs with one Timer given certain minimum interval. By ascertaining the minimum time interval, cases in which bang noises immediately follow one another, ie originate from closely adjacent gas bubbles flowing in the plastic, as can occur during the normal emptying of an autoclave, are excluded from the signaling. Such bang noises, which are closely adjacent in time, could simulate the presence of a residual amount only in the container, which is avoided by determining a minimum time interval.
Um die Sicherheit der Signalabgabe weiterhin zu erhöhen, läßt sich die Vorrichtung vorteilhaft so gestalten, daß das Signal ein weiteres Zeitglied aktiviert, das einen zusätzlichen Zeitraum bestimmt, innerhalb dessen das Auftreten eines oder mehrerer weiterer Knallgeräusche von dem Zähler festgestellt wird. Durch den zusätzlichen Zeitraum, innerhalb dessen weitere Knallgeräusche festgestellt werden, ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, insgesamt einen größeren Zeitraum am Ende der Entleerung eines Autoklaven zu überwachen, womit das Vortäuschen einer Entleerung durch einige wenige auftretende Knallgeräusche mit Sicherheit vermieden wird.In order to further increase the security of the signal output, the device can advantageously be designed such that the signal activates a further timing element which determines an additional period of time within which the occurrence of one or more further popping noises is determined by the counter. The additional period within which further popping noises are detected provides the possibility of monitoring a larger period at the end of the emptying of an autoclave, with which the pretense of emptying by a few popping noises occurring is avoided with certainty.
Die Abgabe des Signals wird zweckmäßig für die Schließung des Behäl¬ ters ausgelöst, wodurch vermieden wird, daß es zu der oben erwähnten explosionsartigen Entleerung kommen kann. Diese Schließung kann mit einer gewissen Verzögerung erfolgen.The emission of the signal is expediently triggered for the closure of the container, thereby avoiding the explosion-like emptying mentioned above. This closure can take place with a certain delay.
Um die Vorrichtung hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkungsweise an unterschiedlich fließende Kunststoffe anzupassen, gibt man dem bzw. den Zeitgliedern hinsichtlich des von ihm bzw. ihnen bestimmten Zeitraums eine Einstell- barkeit. Das gleiche gilt für den Zähler, der vorteilhaft ebenfalls hinsieht- lieh der Zahl der von ihm festgestellten Knallgeräusche einstellbar ist. Durch diese wahlweise Einstellung der Zeitglieder bzw. des Zählers läßt sich die Vorrichtung an die verschiedensten Kunststoffe so anpassen, daß die Vorrichtung mit der erforderlichen Sicherheit in jedem Falle arbeiten kann.In order to adapt the device in terms of its mode of operation to differently flowing plastics, the timer (s) are set with regard to the period of time determined by him or her. The same applies to the meter, which also looks advantageously lent the number of bang noises he can set. Through this optional setting of the timers or the counter, the device can be adapted to a wide variety of plastics in such a way that the device can work with the required security in any case.
Den Zähler kann man als Integrator ausbilden, der aufeinanderfolgende, vom Mikrophon gelieferte Impulse integriert und bei Erreichen einer bestimmten Spannungsschwelle ein Signal abgibt, das dann dem Abzählen einer vorbestimmten Anzahl von Impulsen entspricht.The counter can be designed as an integrator, which integrates successive pulses supplied by the microphone and, when a certain voltage threshold is reached, emits a signal which then corresponds to the counting of a predetermined number of pulses.
In der Figur ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt.In the figure, an embodiment of the invention is shown.
Die Figur zeigt in schematischer Darstellung einen zur Herstellung von Kunststoffen dienenden Autoklaven 1, an den über einen Schieber 2 ein Gießer 3 angeschlossen ist, aus dem eine Anzahl von Kunststoffsträngen austritt, die in flüssiger Form vorhegen und zur weiteren Verarbeitung gekühlt werden, worauf es in diesem Zusammenhang nicht ankommt. Abgesehen davon handelt es sich bei dieser Anordnung um Stand der TechniL Mittels des Schiebers 2 wird der Durchfluß des im Autoklaven 1 enthaltenen flüssigen Kunststoffs geregelt.The figure shows a schematic representation of an autoclave 1 used for the production of plastics, to which a pourer 3 is connected via a slide 2, from which a number of plastic strands emerge, which exist in liquid form and are cooled for further processing, after which it is in this connection does not matter. Apart from this, this arrangement is state of the art. The slide 2 regulates the flow of the liquid plastic contained in the autoclave 1.
In der Nachbarschaft zu der die Kunststoffstränge 10 liefernden Seite des Gießers 3 ist das Mikrophon 4 angeordnet, das auf Knallgeräusche reagiert und diese in elektrische Impulse zur Steuerung einer angeschlos- senene Schaltung ausnutzt. Diese Knallgeräusche treten auf, wenn Gas¬ blasen aus dem Autoklaven 1 zu dem Gießer 3 gelangen und an dem die Kunststoffstränge 10 liefernden Ausgang des Gießers 3 austreten, wie dies oben beschrieben ist. Ein auftretender Knall wird in Form eines elektrischen Impulses einerseits zu dem Zeitglied 5 und andererseits zu dem Zähler 6 geleitet, an dessen Ausgang ein weiteres Zeitglied 7 angeschlossen ist. Das weitere Zeitglied 7 erhält von dem Zähler 6 einen Impuls, wenn dieser einerseits von dem Mikrophon 4 her eine bestimmte Anzahl von Impulsen, z.B. zwei Impulse, erhalten hat und diese Impulse innerhalb eines von dem Zeitglied 5 bestimmten Zeitraumes aufeinander folgen. Das Zeitglied 5 ist zu diesem Zweck an den Ausgang des Mikro¬ phons 4 angeschlossen und wird von jedem von dem Mikrophon 4 abgegebenen Impuls angestoßen, womit es für den von ihm bestimmten Zeitraum den Zähler 6 für die Aufnahme weiterer Impulse freigibt. Bei Auftreten der bestimmten Anzahl von Impulsen am Ausgang des Mikro- phones 4 und innerhalb des von dem Zeitglied 5 bestimmten Zeitraumes gibt der Zähler 6 einen Impuls ab, der als Signal dafür verwendet werden kann, daß sich im Autoklaven nur noch eine Restmenge befindet.In the vicinity of the side of the caster 3 that supplies the plastic strands 10, the microphone 4 is arranged, which reacts to bang noises and uses them in electrical impulses to control a connected circuit. These popping noises occur when gas bubbles reach the caster 3 from the autoclave 1 and exit at the outlet of the caster 3 which supplies the plastic strands 10, as described above. An occurring bang is in the form of an electrical pulse on the one hand to the timer 5 and on the other hand passed the counter 6, to the output of which a further timer 7 is connected. The further timing element 7 receives a pulse from the counter 6 when, on the one hand, it has received a certain number of pulses, for example two pulses, from the microphone 4 and these pulses follow one another within a time period determined by the timing element 5. For this purpose, the timing element 5 is connected to the output of the microphone 4 and is triggered by every pulse emitted by the microphone 4, thereby releasing the counter 6 for the reception of further pulses for the period determined by it. When the certain number of pulses occurs at the output of the microphone 4 and within the time period determined by the timer 5, the counter 6 emits a pulse which can be used as a signal that there is only a residual amount in the autoclave.
Bei dem in der Figur dargstellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist an dem Zähler 6 das weitere Zeitglied 7 angeschlossen, das dazu dient festzustellen, ob cdie von dem Mikrophon 4 registrierten Knallgeräusche innerhalb eines bestimmten Mindestabstands erfolgen. Die Schaltung arbeitet zu diesem Zweck folgendermaßen: Zunächst werden mittels des Mikrophones 4, des Zeitgliedes 5 und des Zählers 6 die innerhalb eines bestimmten Zeitrau¬ mes auftretenden Knallgeräusche, z.B. zwei Knallgeräusche registriert und als zwei Impulse abgegeben, die von dem Zeitglied 7 nur dann an den Signalgeber 8 weitergeleitet werden, wenn die aufeinanderfolgenden Knallgeräusche einen bestimmten Mindestzeitabstand nicht unterschreiten. Sehr schnell aufeinanderfolgende Knallgeräusche werden auf diese Weise für die weitere Verarbeitung unterdrückt. Erfolgen die Knallgeräusche jedoch mit einem gegenüber dem Mindestzeitabstand größeren Zeitab¬ stand, so leitet das weitere Zeitglied 7 einen Impuls zu dem Signalgeber, der den ihm zugeführten Impuls in ein auswertbares Signal umsetzt. Dieses kann beispielsweise in der Abgabe einer elektrischen Spannung bestehen, die dann der Betätigungsvorrichtung 9 zugeführt wird, von der der Schieber 2 derart betätigt wird, daß dieser den weiteren Durchfluß des Kunststoffes unterbindet.In the embodiment shown in the figure, the additional timer 7 is connected to the counter 6, which serves to determine whether the bang noises registered by the microphone 4 occur within a certain minimum distance. For this purpose, the circuit works as follows: First, the bang noises occurring within a certain time period, for example two bang noises, are registered by means of the microphone 4, the timing element 5 and the counter 6 and emitted as two impulses which are then only emitted by the timing element 7 the signal generator 8 are forwarded if the successive bang noises do not fall below a certain minimum time interval. In this way, very rapid successive bangs are suppressed for further processing. However, if the popping noises occur with a longer time interval than the minimum time interval, the further timing element 7 transmits a pulse to the signal generator, which converts the pulse supplied to it into an evaluable signal. This can occur, for example, in the delivery of an electrical voltage exist, which is then fed to the actuating device 9, by which the slide 2 is actuated such that it prevents the further flow of the plastic.
Wenn der Zähler 6 beispielsweise auf die Zahl 2 eingestellt ist und zwei Knallgeräusche innerhalb des von dem Zeitglied 5 bestimmten Zeitrau¬ mes auftreten, deren zeitlicher Abstand außerdem größer als der durch das Zeitglied 7 bestimmte Mindestzeitabstand ist, so führt dies zur Aktivierung des Signalgebers 8 und damit zu der Schließung des Schie- bers 2, da durch die derart auftretenden Knallgeräusche signalisiert wird, daß sich dem Autoklaven 1 nur noch eine geringe Restmenge befindet.If the counter 6 is set to the number 2, for example, and two bang noises occur within the time period determined by the timing element 5, the time interval of which is also greater than the minimum time interval determined by the timing element 7, this leads to the activation of the signal generator 8 and thus to the closing of the slide 2, since it is signaled by the popping noises that occur that the autoclave 1 has only a small remaining amount.
Da unterschiedliche Kunststoffe hinsichtlich des Einschlusses von Gas¬ blasen im Autoklaven 1 unterschiedlich reagieren, also z.B. erfahrungs- gemäß mehr als zwei Knallgeräusche in bestimmter Zeitfolge typisch für die fast vollständige Entleerung des Autoklaven sind, werden das Zeit¬ glied 5, der Zähler 6 und das weitere Zeitglied 7 einstellbar ausgebildet, was bei dem Zeitglied 5 durch den eingezeichneten Pfeil angedeutet ist. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Vorrichtung an das Verhalten verschiede- ner Kunststoffe anpassen.Since different plastics react differently with regard to the inclusion of gas bubbles in the autoclave 1, e.g. Experience has shown that more than two bang noises in a specific time sequence are typical for the almost complete emptying of the autoclave, the timer 5, the counter 6 and the additional timer 7 are designed to be adjustable, which is indicated for the timer 5 by the arrow shown. In this way, the device can be adapted to the behavior of different plastics.
Die Vorrichtung erfordert nur einen geringen Aufwand an elektronischen Bauteilen außer einem Mikrophon. Sie ist daher billig herzustellen und erlaubt mit großer Sicherheit die rechtzeitige Erkennung der fast voll- ständigen Entleerung eines Autoklaven. The device requires only a small amount of electronic components other than a microphone. It is therefore inexpensive to manufacture and, with great certainty, permits timely detection of the almost complete emptying of an autoclave.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE PATENT CLAIMS
1. Vorrichtung zur Erkennung der Entleerung eines zur Herstellung von Kunststoffen dienenden Behälters, dessen Inhalt unter Gasdruck steht, geke nnzei chne t durch ein Mikrophon 4, das bei Vorhandensein einer im Behälter 1 befindlichen Rest¬ menge in diese eingetretene, mit einem Knallgeräusch entweichende Gasblasen innerhalb eines von einem Zeitglied 5 bestimmten Zeit- raumes registriert und an einen Zähler 6 leitet, der bei Feststellung von einem oder mehreren innerhalb des von dem Zeitglied 5 be¬ stimmten Zeitraumes aufeinander folgender Knallgeräusche ein Signal abgibt.1. Device for detecting the emptying of a container used for the production of plastics, the content of which is under gas pressure, is characterized by a microphone 4 which, in the presence of a residual quantity in the container 1, has entered the gas bubbles escaping with a popping noise registered within a time period determined by a time element 5 and sent to a counter 6 which emits a signal when one or more successive bang noises are detected within the time period determined by the time element 5.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t, daß das Signal bei Feststellung von mehreren Knallgeräuschen mit von einem Zeitglied 7 bestimmten Mindestzeit¬ abstand abgegeben wird.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t that the signal is emitted upon detection of several bangs with a minimum time interval determined by a timing element 7.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e nnze i c hn e t , daß das Signal ein weiteres Zeit¬ glied aktiviert, das einen zusätzlichen Zeitraum bestimmt, innerhalb dessen das Auftreten eines oder mehrerer weiterer Knallgeräusche von dem Zähler 6 festgestellt wird. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, dadurchgeke nnze ic hn et that the signal activates a further Zeit¬ member that determines an additional period of time, within which the occurrence of one or more further bang noises is determined by the counter 6.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Signal die Schließung des Behälters 1 auslöst.4. The apparatus of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t that the signal triggers the closure of the container 1.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c hn e t , daß das bzw. die Zeitglieder 5, 7 hinsichtlich des von ihm bzw. ihnen bestimmten Zeitraumes ein¬ stellbar ist bzw. sind.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c hn e t that the or the time elements 5, 7 is or are adjustable with respect to the period determined by him or her.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a du r c h g e ke nnz e i chn e t , daß der Zähler 6 hinsichtlich der Zahl der von ihm festzustellenden Knallgeräusche einstellbar ist.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, so that the counter 6 that the counter 6 is adjustable in terms of the number of bang noises to be determined by it.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche l bis ό, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Zähler 6 als Integrator ausgebildet ist. 7. Device according to one of claims l to ό, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the counter 6 is designed as an integrator.
PCT/EP1996/004300 1995-10-04 1996-10-02 Device for detecting the emptying of a container used in the production of plastics WO1997013126A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995136983 DE19536983C1 (en) 1995-10-04 1995-10-04 Monitor of contents of container for plastics prodn.
DE19536983.1 1995-10-04

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2634637A1 (en) * 1976-07-31 1978-02-02 Kronseder Hermann Bottle filling machine faulty bottle detector - has moisture protected microphone to indicate burst bottle and shut off liq. supply
US4165458A (en) * 1976-04-23 1979-08-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Signal decision system
JPH0550480A (en) * 1991-08-27 1993-03-02 Nok Corp Method for monitoring injection molding machine
US5219008A (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-06-15 Abc/Techcorp Ice dispenser for soft drink system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4165458A (en) * 1976-04-23 1979-08-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Signal decision system
DE2634637A1 (en) * 1976-07-31 1978-02-02 Kronseder Hermann Bottle filling machine faulty bottle detector - has moisture protected microphone to indicate burst bottle and shut off liq. supply
US5219008A (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-06-15 Abc/Techcorp Ice dispenser for soft drink system
JPH0550480A (en) * 1991-08-27 1993-03-02 Nok Corp Method for monitoring injection molding machine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 17, no. 352 (M - 1439) 5 July 1993 (1993-07-05) *

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