WO1996025370A1 - Plaster coating with added fibre components for use on internal and external walls - Google Patents

Plaster coating with added fibre components for use on internal and external walls Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996025370A1
WO1996025370A1 PCT/DE1996/000295 DE9600295W WO9625370A1 WO 1996025370 A1 WO1996025370 A1 WO 1996025370A1 DE 9600295 W DE9600295 W DE 9600295W WO 9625370 A1 WO9625370 A1 WO 9625370A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hemp
fibers
added
wall plaster
plaster according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1996/000295
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1996025370B1 (en
Inventor
Elfriede Horatsch
Original Assignee
Elfriede Horatsch
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elfriede Horatsch filed Critical Elfriede Horatsch
Publication of WO1996025370A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996025370A1/en
Publication of WO1996025370B1 publication Critical patent/WO1996025370B1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
    • C04B18/248—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork from specific plants, e.g. hemp fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The invention concerns a plaster coating with added natural fibre components for use on internal or external walls or ceilings. The added natural fibres are hemp fibres or kapok hairs (Bombax cotton), fruit hairs from kapok trees of the Bombacaceae family, Ceiba pentandra, Calotropis, Bombax, Odroma.

Description

Wandputz mit Faserbeimengungen für Innen- und AußenwändeWall plaster with fiber admixtures for interior and exterior walls
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wandputz mit Faserbeimengungen für Innen- und Außenwände oder Decken.The invention relates to a wall plaster with fiber admixtures for interior and exterior walls or ceilings.
Wandputz bedeutet- im Sinne der Erfindung ein Wandbeschich- tungsmaterial, welches durch Spachteln, Spritzen oder in anderer geeigneter Weise auf Innen- oder Außenwände oder Decken aufgebracht wird. Die DE 36 07 438 C2 beschreibt einen Wandputz mit Naturfa- serbeimengungen. In dieser Patentschrift wird beschrieben, daß die Faserbeimengungen aus miteinander verschlungenen verankerten Baumwollfasern der Gattung Hirtusum in einer bestimmten Zusammensetzung bestehen.In the context of the invention, wall plaster means a wall coating material which is applied to interior or exterior walls or ceilings by spatula, spraying or in another suitable manner. DE 36 07 438 C2 describes a wall plaster with natural fiber admixtures. This patent describes that the fiber admixtures consist of entangled anchored cotton fibers of the genus Hirtusum in a certain composition.
Es besteht ein erheblicher Bedarf an Wandputzmaterialien, die neben der erforderlichen Beständigkeit gegen Feuchtig¬ keit, Feuer und dergleichen ein gutes optisches Aussehen ermöglichen und insbesondere für die menschliche Gesundheit verträglich sind.There is a considerable need for wall cleaning materials which, in addition to the required resistance to moisture, fire and the like, enable a good visual appearance and are particularly compatible with human health.
Aus diesem Grund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen technisch einwandfreien Wandputz unter Verwendung eines für die menschliche Gesundheit verträglichen und ertragreich nachwachsenden Rohstoffes zur Verfügung zu stellen.For this reason, the object of the invention is to provide a technically perfect wall plaster using a raw material which is compatible with human health and is profitable and renewable.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die technische Lehre des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the technical teaching of claim 1.
Es stehen zur Gewinnung der Naturfaser zahlreiche Faser¬ pflanzen zur Verfügung, deren Fasern bestimmte Anforderun¬ gen an physikalische Eigenschaften erfüllen, so daß durch die Erfindung ein weiter Bereich von Bedingungen abgedeckt werden kann. Als besonders günstige Faserpflanze hat sich Hanf erwiesen.There are numerous fiber plants available for obtaining the natural fiber, the fibers of which meet certain requirements in terms of physical properties, so that the invention can cover a wide range of conditions. Hemp has proven to be a particularly cheap fiber plant.
Sobald der Bedarf für die Wandbeschichtung steigt, kann unbebautes Land für den Anbau der Hanfpflanze genutzt werden. In der EG stehen große Brach- und Stillegungsflä¬ chen dafür zur Verfügung. Die Hanfpflanze ist ein einjähri- ges, holziges Kraut und wird in fast allen Klimazonen bei unterschiedlichster Bodenbeschaffenheit angebaut und kann nach drei Monaten geerntet werden. Hanf erreicht in einer Wachstumsperiode von 100 Tagen eine Höhe von 6 m. Hanf benötigt weder während des Wachstums noch danach den Ein¬ satz von Chemikalien. Die robuste und schnellwüchsige Pflanze unterdrückt jegliche Unkräuter, so daß sowohl auf Herbizide, als auch auf mechanische Unkrautregulierung verzichtet werden kann. Gedüngt wird die Pflanze nicht. Die langen Wurzeln lockern den Boden und versetzen diesen in einen Bestzustand. Dies kommt dem Anbau anderer Pflanzen zugute. Bei einer die Umwelt schonenden Gewinnung der Hanffaser wird eine Tauröste durchgeführt. Zuvor wird der Hanf geerntet ehe er zu reif wird und zwar, wenn die unte¬ ren Blätter am Stengel verdorren und die Blüten ihre Pollen ansetzen.As soon as the need for wall coating increases, undeveloped land can be used to grow the hemp plant. Large fallow and set-aside areas are available on the ground floor. The hemp plant is an annual woody herb and is grown in almost all climates with different soil conditions and can be harvested after three months. Hemp reaches a height of 6 m in a growth period of 100 days. Hemp does not require the use of chemicals either during growth or afterwards. The robust and fast-growing plant suppresses all weeds, so that both herbicides and mechanical weed control can be dispensed with. The plant is not fertilized. The long roots loosen the soil and put it in top condition. This benefits the cultivation of other plants. When the hemp fiber is obtained in an environmentally friendly manner, thawing is carried out. The hemp is first harvested before it becomes too ripe, specifically when the lower leaves on the stem wither and the flowers start to pollen.
Mit einer Mähmaschine wird der reife Hanf geschnitten. Die rotierenden Rechen breiten die Hanfstengel vorsichtig in gleichmäßig dünner Schicht in Reihen auf dem Felde aus. Durch die Tauröste wird der Hanf von den Pektinstoffen befreit, die Faserbündel werden freigelegt und vom Holzkör¬ per getrennt. Die in der Mittellamelle enthaltenen Stoffe werden fermentativ abgebaut. Die Fermentation wird durch den Tau in Gang gesetzt.The ripe hemp is cut with a mower. The rotating rakes carefully spread the hemp stems in a uniformly thin layer in rows in the field. The hemp is freed from the pectin substances by the dew roasts, the fiber bundles are exposed and separated from the wooden body. The substances contained in the middle lamella are broken down by fermentation. The fermentation is started by the dew.
Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß beim Wandputz gute technische Eigenschaften erzielt werden, wenn die bei¬ gemengten Naturfasern aufgeschlossene Hanffasern sind; unabhängig davon, ob die Gesamtfaser nach Kontonisierung. Verfeinern und Reinigen der Faser Anwendung findet, oder Hechelhanf, das sind die 35 - 45 % Langfasern, die nach dem Entholzen und Hecheln verbleiben, oder Hechelwerg, das sind die 55 - 65 % Kurzfasern, die nach der Entholzung und dem Hecheln verbleiben.Surprisingly, it has been shown that good technical properties can be achieved with wall plastering if the added natural fibers are disrupted hemp fibers; regardless of whether the total fiber after accountization. Refining and cleaning the fiber is used, or hackle hemp, these are the 35 - 45% long fibers that are after remain after de-cleaving and panting, or hackling, which are the 55 - 65% short fibers that remain after de-cleaving and panting
Es besteht die Möglichkeit, aus jeder Hanfsorte eine Natur¬ faserbeimengung herzustellen. Hierzu können an sich bekann¬ te chemische und/oder mechanische Verfahren eingesetzt werden. Mit Vorteil werden biologische Verfahren angewandt.There is the possibility of producing a natural fiber admixture from each type of hemp. Known chemical and / or mechanical methods can be used for this. Biological processes are used with advantage.
Mit Vorteil werden die beigemengten Naturfasern aus einer Hanfpflanze gewonnen, deren Gehalt an Tetrahydrocannabinol unter 3 % liegt.The added natural fibers are advantageously obtained from a hemp plant with a tetrahydrocannabinol content of less than 3%.
Als weiterer zur Verfügung stehender nachwachsender Roh¬ stoff für Naturfasern haben sich die Kapokhaare (Bombaxwol¬ le) erwiesen. Es handelt sich hierbei um Pflanzenhaare von der inneren Fruchtwand des Kapokbaumes. Der Kapokbaum wird im gesamten Tropengürtel angebaut. Die Verwendung der Kapokhaare als Wandputzbeimengung kann einerseits techni¬ sche oder ästhetische Forderungen erfüllen und andererseits zur wirtschaftlichen Belebung des Tropengürtels der dritten Welt beitragen. Kapok hair (bombax wool) has proven to be a further available renewable raw material for natural fibers. This is plant hair from the inner pericarp of the kapok tree. The kapok tree is grown throughout the tropical belt. The use of kapok hair as an admixture to wall plaster can, on the one hand, meet technical or aesthetic requirements and, on the other hand, contribute to the economic revitalization of the tropical belt of the third world.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Wandputz mit Naturfaserbeimengungen für Innen- und Außenwände oder Decken,1. Wall plaster with natural fiber admixtures for interior and exterior walls or ceilings,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daßcharacterized in that
die beigemengten Naturfasern Hanffasern oder Kapokhaare (Bombaxwolle) , Fruchthaare des Kapokbaumes aus der Familie Bombacaceae, Ceiba pentandra, Calotropis, Bombax, Ochroma, sind.the added natural fibers are hemp fibers or kapok hair (bombax wool), fruit hair of the kapok tree from the family Bombacaceae, Ceiba pentandra, Calotropis, Bombax, Ochroma.
2. Wandputz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beigemengten Hanffasern durch Entholzung, Kotonisie- rung, Verfeinerung und Reinigung aufgeschlossene Fasern des Hanfs sind.2. Wall plaster according to claim 1, characterized in that the added hemp fibers are disintegrated fibers of the hemp by deforestation, kotonization, refinement and cleaning.
3. Wandputz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß die beigemengten Hanffasern das Hanf-Hechel¬ werg sind, welches aus den durch Brechen und Schwingen des gerösteten Hanfs erzeugten Hanflangfasern und durch deren Kotonisierung und Hecheln bei Auskämmen der kürzeren Fasern gebildet ist.3. Wall plaster according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the added hemp fibers are the hemp hackle werg, which is formed from the long hemp fibers produced by breaking and swinging the roasted hemp and by their kotonization and panting when combing out the shorter fibers is.
4. Wandputz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß die beigemengten Hanffasern der Hechelhanf sind, der aus den durch Brechen und Schwingen des gerösteten Hanfs erzeugten Hanflangfasern und durch deren Kotonisierung, Hecheln und Parallelisieren und Kämmen der langen Fasern gebildet ist.4. Wall plaster according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the added hemp fibers are the hackle hemp, which by breaking and swinging the Roasted hemp produced long hemp fibers and is formed by their cotonization, panting and parallelizing and combing the long fibers.
5. Wandputz nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beigemengten Natur¬ fasern Hanffasern einer THC-armen Hanfsorte sind, deren Gehalt an Tetrahydrocannabinol unter drei Prozent liegt.5. Wall plaster according to at least one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the natural fibers added are hemp fibers of a low-THC hemp variety, the content of tetrahydrocannabinol of which is below three percent.
6. Wandputz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beigemengten Naturfasern von Schoten- oder Kapsel¬ splittern befreite und zentrifugierte Fruchthaare des Kapokbaumes sind.6. Wall plaster according to claim 1, characterized in that the added natural fibers of pod or Kapsel¬ splinters are freed and centrifuged fruit hairs of the kapok tree.
* * * * * * * *
PCT/DE1996/000295 1995-02-16 1996-02-16 Plaster coating with added fibre components for use on internal and external walls WO1996025370A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995106868 DE19506868C2 (en) 1995-02-16 1995-02-16 Use of fiber admixtures in plaster for interior walls and ceilings
DE19506868.8 1995-02-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996025370A1 true WO1996025370A1 (en) 1996-08-22
WO1996025370B1 WO1996025370B1 (en) 1996-10-17

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT1374U1 (en) * 1996-10-09 1997-04-25 Karl F Stroeml BIOFIBER CONCRETE
AT1504U3 (en) * 1997-03-27 1997-10-27 Karl F Stroeml PRODUCTION OF NATURAL FIBER REINFORCED CLAY, CEMENT AND LIME AND PRODUCTION OF HOMOGENEOUS OR MDF PANELS BY ADDING HEMP SHEEPS

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29613699U1 (en) * 1996-04-18 1996-10-31 Kschiwan Joerg Wall coating
DE19640622C2 (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-11-12 Moeller Plast Gmbh Building material and method and device for producing a building material
BE1010453A5 (en) * 1997-04-07 1998-08-04 Demain Pierre Etienne Mortar for building.
DE19735846A1 (en) * 1997-08-19 1999-02-25 Christof Ziegert Adding hemp shives and/or fibers to clay building materials
DE19736526A1 (en) * 1997-08-22 1999-02-25 Roland Meingast Unfired loam and-or clay building material mixture
DE10025193C2 (en) * 2000-01-10 2002-10-17 Seyed Taghi Mohseni facade element
DE202009007146U1 (en) 2009-05-18 2009-08-20 Novotny, Rainer Lightweight construction board made of hemp and loam

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB398547A (en) * 1932-03-18 1933-09-18 Joseph Jay Bamberger Improvements in or relating to acoustic plaster
FR827509A (en) * 1937-01-11 1938-04-28 Pelissier & Frey Coating products based on coconut fibers
GB2042015A (en) * 1979-02-14 1980-09-17 Rockwool Int Fibre-reinforced cementitious product
DE3301407A1 (en) * 1983-01-18 1984-07-19 Hans-Peter 8093 Rott Heckhausen Heat-insulating material of kapok for heat insulation in building construction
JPS61117147A (en) * 1984-11-08 1986-06-04 青野産業株式会社 Supplemental wall material for overcoating
DE3607438A1 (en) * 1985-03-14 1986-09-25 Jadecor KG, Erich Horatsch GmbH & Co, 1000 Berlin Plastered exterior or interior wall and layer to be applied onto such a wall
WO1990012906A2 (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-11-01 Ecco Gleittechnik Gmbh Reinforcing and/or process fibres based on vegetable fibres, process for producing them and their use

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3008204C2 (en) * 1980-03-04 1982-05-06 Kober, Harald, Ing.(grad.), 4690 Herne Process for the production of a reinforcing fiber for mineral building materials containing hydraulic binders
DE4009662A1 (en) * 1990-03-26 1991-10-02 Ecco Gleittechnik Gmbh Reinforcing and process fibres based on plant fibres and prodn.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB398547A (en) * 1932-03-18 1933-09-18 Joseph Jay Bamberger Improvements in or relating to acoustic plaster
FR827509A (en) * 1937-01-11 1938-04-28 Pelissier & Frey Coating products based on coconut fibers
GB2042015A (en) * 1979-02-14 1980-09-17 Rockwool Int Fibre-reinforced cementitious product
DE3301407A1 (en) * 1983-01-18 1984-07-19 Hans-Peter 8093 Rott Heckhausen Heat-insulating material of kapok for heat insulation in building construction
JPS61117147A (en) * 1984-11-08 1986-06-04 青野産業株式会社 Supplemental wall material for overcoating
DE3607438A1 (en) * 1985-03-14 1986-09-25 Jadecor KG, Erich Horatsch GmbH & Co, 1000 Berlin Plastered exterior or interior wall and layer to be applied onto such a wall
WO1990012906A2 (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-11-01 Ecco Gleittechnik Gmbh Reinforcing and/or process fibres based on vegetable fibres, process for producing them and their use

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 8629, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 86-185370, XP002006669 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT1374U1 (en) * 1996-10-09 1997-04-25 Karl F Stroeml BIOFIBER CONCRETE
AT1504U3 (en) * 1997-03-27 1997-10-27 Karl F Stroeml PRODUCTION OF NATURAL FIBER REINFORCED CLAY, CEMENT AND LIME AND PRODUCTION OF HOMOGENEOUS OR MDF PANELS BY ADDING HEMP SHEEPS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19506868A1 (en) 1996-08-22
DE19506868C2 (en) 1997-07-10

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