WO1996021566A1 - Materiau de construction leger et methode de construction de structures coulees sur place - Google Patents
Materiau de construction leger et methode de construction de structures coulees sur place Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996021566A1 WO1996021566A1 PCT/US1996/000131 US9600131W WO9621566A1 WO 1996021566 A1 WO1996021566 A1 WO 1996021566A1 US 9600131 W US9600131 W US 9600131W WO 9621566 A1 WO9621566 A1 WO 9621566A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- building material
- lightweight
- construction
- lightweight aggregate
- foundation
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- -1 but not limited to Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009431 timber framing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021463 dry cake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010819 recyclable waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009436 residential construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- wood-frame structures are therefore less durable than concrete structures.
- Wood-frame structures are therefore more susceptible to damage caused by natural forces, such as the gradual wear and tear caused by the elements or sudden forces such as shaking during earthquakes and high wind loads during hurricanes.
- a wood-frame structure also suffers from the fact that it is constructed about a skeletal frame rather than being unitarily constructed of solid material, resulting in wood-frame walls having poor acoustic and thermal properties, and requiring the addition of insulation to meet building code standards.
- wood itself has many undesirable material properties in its use as a building material.
- wood is flammable, and fire destroys thousands of wooden residential structures each year.
- Wood is also susceptible to dry-rot and infestation by termites. These and other limitations reduce the economic attractiveness of using wood as a building material in residential and commercial structures.
- concrete provides many properties that wood lacks.
- concrete is non-flammable and is not susceptible to dry-rot or termite damage.
- Concrete structures also comprise solid walls, and therefore are extremely sound- resistant.
- a concrete structure is very durable, and is able to be constructed in such a way as to be extremely earthquake and wind resistant.
- a method of manufacturing a lightweight aggregate material includes the steps of mixing together the components of a lightweight building material, compressing the mixture to remove excess water and to form a cake-like material, crumbling the cake-like material into pellets, and curing the pellets.
- the lightweight aggregate material so prepared is suitable for use in the manufacture of pre-cast objects, such as construction blocks or the like.
- a method of manufacturing a lightweight aggregate material includes the steps of providing a lightweight building material in wet pulp form and mixing the wet pulp material with previously crumbled and cured material of the same composition.
- the lightweight aggregate material so prepared is suitable for use in the manufacture of construction blocks.
- an adjustable masonry wall and foundation jig is used to construct a monolithic footing and slab.
- the masonry wall and foundation jig comprises a pair of light steel rails supporting a course of blocks above a footing trench.
- the light steel rails are adjustably suspended over the trench by a plurality of screw stakes.
- the jig serves to simultaneously define the wall layout of the structure and to provide a forming system for the foundation. Once the first course of blocks is located the blocks are used to jig into location all of the internal wall and foundation components.
- the lightweight building material of the present invention is also suitable for use in the production of objects in pre-cast form, such as block form.
- Blocks constructed of the material are identical in size and similar in appearance to standard concrete blocks but have the preferred material characteristics of the lightweight building material.
- the following processes utilize the lightweight building material of the present invention in the manufacture of a lightweight aggregate material for use in the manufacture of construction blocks using existing block manufacturing equipment and technology.
- the apparatus of FIG. 11 is used to manufacture the lightweight aggregate material according to the following process.
- the silo 101 is filled to two-thirds to three-quarters full of cured lightweight aggregate material .
- a portion of the cured lightweight aggregate material is then transferred from the silo 101 to the mixing hopper 103 by the screw conveyor 102.
- a separate mixing device such as, for example, a standard concrete truck 105 or any other suitable mixing device, the components of the lightweight building material are mixed together in a mixture as described above to obtain a wet pulp form.
- One part of the wet pulp to three or more parts cured lightweight aggregate material is added to the hopper 103.
- the wet pulp can be discharged into the hopper 103 directly from the concrete truck 105 or other mixing device as shown in Fig. 11, or it can be transferred to the hopper 103 in any suitable manner.
- a top bar 116 is pivotably attached to each vertical pole 112a and 112b at an intermediate point nearer to the first end of each pole and provides support for the A-frame 110 when the A-frame 110 is in the extended position shown in FIG. 2.
- a hinge 118 of the top bar 116 provides the capability to fold up the A-frame 110 for storage or transportation.
- Adjustable feet 120 attached to the second end of each vertical pole 112a and 112b allow proper leveling of the A-frame 110 when it is in use, as will be more fully set forth below.
- FIG. 7 a cross-sectional end view illustrating a second preferred embodiment of a form apparatus used to practice the method of construction of the present invention is shown.
- the support piers 210 each comprising a solid base having a cylindrical cavity formed therein.
- the support piers 210 are placed at spaced apart points within a footing 220 which is dug according to the plan of the structure to be formed.
- the precise spatial relationship between the support piers 210 is not critical, as will be more fully discussed below.
- a vertical post guide 222 is retained by a friction-fit within the cavity formed in the support pier 210 and extends upward from the support pier 21C .
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Selon un premier aspect de l'invention, un matériau de construction léger destiné à être utilisé dans des constructions à ciel ouvert comprend du ciment, de la cendre volante, de la fibre de cellulose et de l'eau. Dans sa forme durcie, le matériau a l'apparence et la résistance du béton standard, mais il est plus léger et a de préférence des propriétés thermiques. Le matériau peut être sablé, buriné, percé, scié, cloué et vissé de la même manière que le bois. Selon un deuxième aspect, distinct, le matériau de construction léger est fabriqué dans une matière d'agrégats légers, appropriée pour être utilisée dans la construction de structures pré-moulées telles que, par exemple, des blocs de construction (117). Selon un troisième aspect, distinct, un procédé de fabrication d'une matière d'agrégats légers consiste à produire un matériau de construction léger se présentant sous la forme de pâte humide, à ajouter une part de pâte humide à au moins trois parts d'agrégats secs, et à mélanger la pâte humide et les agrégats secs dans une transporteuse à vis sans fin. Selon un quatrième aspect, distinct, un mur de maçonnerie réglable et un gabarit de fondation sont utilisés pour fabriquer une semelle (119) et une dalle monolithes (120). Selon un cinquième aspect, distinct, un procédé de construction de structures moulées dans le sol consiste à suspendre un appareillage de coffrage au-dessus des semelles et à verser une matière de construction entre les coffrages de l'appareillage.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU46533/96A AU4653396A (en) | 1995-01-10 | 1996-01-05 | Lightweight building material and method of construction of cast-in-place structures |
| US08/924,678 US5845435A (en) | 1995-03-27 | 1997-09-05 | Fastening support devices and systems for shielded gutters |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US37079095A | 1995-01-10 | 1995-01-10 | |
| US08/370,790 | 1995-01-10 | ||
| US08/541,608 | 1995-10-10 | ||
| US08/541,608 US5785419A (en) | 1995-10-10 | 1995-10-10 | Lightweight building material and method of construction of cast-in-place structures |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996021566A1 true WO1996021566A1 (fr) | 1996-07-18 |
| WO1996021566B1 WO1996021566B1 (fr) | 1996-09-26 |
Family
ID=27005108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1996/000131 WO1996021566A1 (fr) | 1995-01-10 | 1996-01-05 | Materiau de construction leger et methode de construction de structures coulees sur place |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU4653396A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1996021566A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019209353A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Gcp Applied Technologies Inc. | Inducteurs de surface élevée pour la production d'agrégats cimentaires |
| NL2021223B1 (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-01-07 | Gerhard Nicolaas Schotanus Jacobus | Method for producing concrete based on vegetal aggregate |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5196061A (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1993-03-23 | Thomas Robert C | Cementitious composite that includes delignified cellulosic material and process of making it |
| US5346549A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-09-13 | Johnson William B | Environmentally stabilized products formed from ash and papermill waste |
-
1996
- 1996-01-05 AU AU46533/96A patent/AU4653396A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-05 WO PCT/US1996/000131 patent/WO1996021566A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5196061A (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1993-03-23 | Thomas Robert C | Cementitious composite that includes delignified cellulosic material and process of making it |
| US5346549A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-09-13 | Johnson William B | Environmentally stabilized products formed from ash and papermill waste |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019209353A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Gcp Applied Technologies Inc. | Inducteurs de surface élevée pour la production d'agrégats cimentaires |
| US11958774B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2024-04-16 | Gcp Applied Technologies Inc. | High surface area inducers for cementitious aggregates production |
| NL2021223B1 (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-01-07 | Gerhard Nicolaas Schotanus Jacobus | Method for producing concrete based on vegetal aggregate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4653396A (en) | 1996-07-31 |
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