WO1996018317A2 - Coussinet de deformation anisotrope pour chaussures - Google Patents

Coussinet de deformation anisotrope pour chaussures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996018317A2
WO1996018317A2 PCT/IB1995/001173 IB9501173W WO9618317A2 WO 1996018317 A2 WO1996018317 A2 WO 1996018317A2 IB 9501173 W IB9501173 W IB 9501173W WO 9618317 A2 WO9618317 A2 WO 9618317A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
deformation
pad
sole
along
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1995/001173
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1996018317A3 (fr
WO1996018317A9 (fr
Inventor
Simon Luthi
Kevin A. Beard
Richard Fumy
Roland Seydel
Original Assignee
Adidas Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adidas Ag filed Critical Adidas Ag
Priority to AU54063/96A priority Critical patent/AU5406396A/en
Publication of WO1996018317A2 publication Critical patent/WO1996018317A2/fr
Publication of WO1996018317A9 publication Critical patent/WO1996018317A9/fr
Publication of WO1996018317A3 publication Critical patent/WO1996018317A3/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18—Resilient soles
    • A43B13/181—Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole
    • A43B13/186—Differential cushioning region, e.g. cushioning located under the ball of the foot

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to footwear and, more particularly, pertains to outer soles for footwear. Description of Related Art
  • Footwear intended for physical activity includes an upper and a securely attached sole.
  • the upper wraps around some or all of a wearer's foot, and is typically held in place by shoelaces.
  • Soles typically include an inner sole, a midsole, and an outsole.
  • Midsoles are generally formed of a cushioning material while outsoles are wear-resistant layers.
  • Overall soles are designed to provide stability and absorb impact loading caused by the foot of a wearer coming down upon the ground.
  • Examples of devices designed to provide stability include heel counters, variable density EVA foams in the midsole, and inelastic straps going from the fore foot to the heel section of the shoe.
  • the present invention seeks to advance the state of the art of athletic footwear by providing anisotropic deformation pad(s) that can be applied to the shoe soles to simulate the sliding that occurs when running on a dirt road.
  • the pad provides a small amount of horizontal relative movement between a lower, ground- contacting surface of the pad and the footwear.
  • the deformation pads can be applied to running shoes to simulate slight forward sliding action, or alternatively the pads may be applied at a different orientation to tennis shoes to simulate the effect of sliding sideways on a clay surface. It is further envisioned that the anisotropic nature of the deformation pads will permit them to be applied to all athletic footwear in varying orientations to specifically address the performance needs of each sport .
  • the deformation pads of the present invention have many preferred embodiments.
  • the deformation pads include several depending, elongate, deformation elements having interior chambers, or channels.
  • the deformation elements are arranged on a flat surface substantially radially about a common center, much as the toes of a bird are arranged around its leg.
  • the chambers are preferably sealed and have atmospheric pressure air in them so that as the channel is deformed, air pressure builds quickly to assist in cushioning the impact load.
  • Other preferred embodiments include filling the channels with a gelatinous, or viscoelastic, material (s) to further dampen impact loads due to footfall.
  • the pads include a plurality of deformation elements depending from a substantially flat surface wherein the deformation elements are arranged parallel to one another and oriented on the shoe to address particular performance characteristics of the sport for which the shoe is intended.
  • the deformation pad is provided with a plurality of depending deformation elements that are arranged concentrically about a common center.
  • the deformation elements may be diamond shaped or square shaped, etc., to provide various desired anisotropic properties.
  • the footwear sole is provided with several anisotropic deformation pads and several isotropic support elements.
  • the deformation pads are thicker than the support elements so that upon initial ground contact, the deformation pads would contact the ground first, and the support elements would contact the ground only after the deformation pads are at least partially deformed.
  • the deformation pads may be placed at points of high impact or maximum loads such as at the heel and underneath the ball of the foot .
  • the support elements may then be arranged to provide additional stability and foot support where required such as along the toe and along the midfoot section underneath the arch of the foot. Positioning a support element at the toe of the shoe may also assist with push-off.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial side elevation view showing a shoe upper connected to a midsole and an outsole having deformation pads and support elements arranged and constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross section view taken along line 4- 4, showing the deformation pad in an undeformed state.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross section view taken along line 4- 4, showing the deformation pad in one exemplary deformed state.
  • a shoe 10 including an upper 12, a midsole 14, and an outsole 16 having a plurality of deformation pads 18a, 18b (collectively 18) and support elements 20.
  • the deformation pads 18 are thicker than the support elements 20 such that if an unweighted shoe 10 were placed on a level surface, the deformation pads 18 would contact the surface and the support elements 20 would not .
  • Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment for the arrangement of the deformation pads 18 and support elements 20.
  • This distribution of pads and elements is a proposed arrangement for a court shoe such as basketball or tennis which requires substantial lateral movement and stopping.
  • the pads 18 are placed at points where the foot receives the greatest pressure during footfall, namely at the heel and the ball region of the foot.
  • the pads 18 are oriented to facilitate the rapid starts, stops and direction changes associated with court games.
  • Support elements preferably are provided at the toe section to assist with push-off and at two positions just forward of the heel to provide stability and extra cushioning when the rearward deformation element 18a deforms substantially. It is envisioned that shoes intended for other sports and activities could have other pad and support element arrangements optimized to suit the particular sport or activity.
  • the midsole 14 has a midfoot Section 22 which is exposed.
  • the midsole 14 could be provided with a wear resistant outer covering to prevent degradation of the midsole, which is typically an EVA foam.
  • FIG. 3 A preferred embodiment of an anisotropic deformation pad 18 of the present invention is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the pad includes a base layer 24 to which a • plurality of elongate walls 26 are attached. Pairs of adjacent walls 26 are interconnected by ground- contacting surfaces 28 to form deformation elements 36, 38, 40, and 42, and thereby define a plurality of elongate interior channels 30.
  • the channels 30 are completely enclosed and sealed by base layer 24 and end walls (unnumbered) which seal off the opposite ends of the channels.
  • the pad also includes a plurality of hollow, intermediate ribs 32 located in slots or recesses formed between adjacent channels 30.
  • the deformation elements 36, 38, 40 and 42 are arranged on the base layer 24 as the toes of a bird's foot are arranged, that is, somewhat radially about a common center. As is discussed in detail below, many alternative configurations may be used and still provide the advantages of the present invention.
  • the deformation elements 36, 38, 40 and -.2 are vacuumed formed or molded of a ruboer or a similar material having suitable structural strength and wear resistance.
  • the complete pad 18 is formed by joining the formed deformation elements 36, 38, 40 and 42 to the base layer 24.
  • the channels 30 are sealed chambers.
  • the chambers contain air at atmospheric pressure.
  • the channels 30 may be filled with a suitable gelatinous material, such as a viscoelastic plasticized PVC manufactured by Spenco, Inc. of Waco, Texas, as is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,330,249.
  • a suitable gelatinous material such as a viscoelastic plasticized PVC manufactured by Spenco, Inc. of Waco, Texas, as is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,330,249.
  • Other suitable high viscosity fluids may also be used.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 show cross section views of the anisotropic deformation pad 18 of Fig. 3. In Fig. 4, the deformation pad 18 is shown in an undefor ed state as it would appear when applied to a shoe 10 but having no loads placed on it.
  • the base layer 24 may be concave upward to conform to a rounded midsole at the heel region.
  • Fig. 5 depicts the deformation pad 18 as it might appear when placed under a transverse load. It can be seen that the walls 26 and the ground contacting surfaces 28 of the deformation elements 36, 38, and 40 are deformed, causing the ground contacting surfaces 28 to be shifted horizontally relative to the base surface 24. The deformation causes the channels 30 to deform, and because the channels are sealed, the pressure of the fluid within the channels will increase providing added cushioning.
  • the deformation exemplified in Fig. 5 is caused by the forces associated with ground contact during sports activity.
  • the forces associated with footfall will have x, y and z components, where x is transverse to a lateral margin of the shoe 10, y is longitudinal and z is vertical .
  • each force F will have components F ⁇ F y and F 2 .
  • F x and F y components will tend to urge the ground-contacting surface 28 to shift horizontally relative to the base layer 24 and the midsole 14.
  • the F z component will be a purely compressive force urging the ground-contacting surface 28 to move toward the base layer 24 without any horizontal shift.
  • the performance of the deformation pads 18 depend upon the orientation of the deformation elements 36, 38, 40, and 42 relative to each other and to the forces F x and F y , as described below in detail with reference to axes a, b, c, and d.
  • Transverse deformation of each element is caused by a force, e.g. F x or F .
  • the amount of deformation will depend upon the orientation of the element to the force and on the resistance to deformation inherent in the physical properties of the elemen .
  • the performance of the elements can be equated with the performance of a spring, that is the amount of deformation will equal the force times a proportionality factor or coefficient, which may be linear or nonlinear.
  • the walls of opposing channels 30 may be spaced closely so as to make contact during deformation causing a two-stage resistance to deformation: the first stage occurring upon initial ground impact, and a second stage occurring when the walls collide causing increased resistance to further deformation.
  • the walls 26 of channels 30 may be spaced closely to ribs 32 so as to collide upon deformation, again establishing a two-stage resistance to deformation similar to that described above.
  • the size of the channels 30 may be enlarged or reduced without a change in the thickness of walls 26 to further adjust the cushioning of the deformation pad 18. Additional design options which would affect performance include changing the width and height of the deformation elements 36, 38, 40 and 42, changing their relative orientation, and changing their shape, e.g., tapered or "cigar-shaped.”
  • the ground contacting surfaces 28 will conform to the ground surface upon which they rest causing the base layer 24 to assume an incline.
  • the amount of inclination may be controlled by the resistance to deformation of deformation pad 18.
  • the inclination of the base layer 24 will only occur in connection with forces F x and F y . Purely vertical forces, F.., will not cause an inclination.
  • the deformation elements 36, 38, 40 and 42 are preferably elongate having vertical, longitudinal and transverse axes .
  • the deformation elements are designed to deform primarily along the transverse and vertical axes. Conversely, the deformation elements will substantially resist deformation along their longitudinal axes.
  • axes a, b, c, and d are shown superimposed on deformation pad 18a. It can be seen that axes a and b are the longitudinal axes for deformation elements 36 and 38, respectively. Axes c and d are transverse axes for deformation elements 36 and 38, respectively. For clarity of illustration and ease of explanation, reference axes for deformation elements 40 and 42 are not shown or described. Forces acting along transverse axis d on deformation element 38 will cause its respective ground- contacting surface 28 to shift substantially horizontally relative to the base surface 24 and the midsole 14.
  • deformation element 38 will have a particular resistance to deformation against forces acting along axes b and d. That is, the amount of horizontal shift of the ground-contacting surface 28 is equal to the magnitude of the applied force times a proportionality factor which relates to the resistance to deformation.
  • the deformation elements are designed to have their least resistance to deformation against forces acting along transverse axes, e.g. , axes c and d for elements 36 and 38 respectively, and to have their greatest resistance to deformation against the forces acting along their longitudinal axes, e.g., axes a and b for elements 36 and 38 respectively.
  • the deformation elements 36, 38, 40 and 42 also deform vertically, that is the elements deform such that the ground-contacting surfaces 28 move directly toward the base surface 24 without any sideways (e.g., horizontal) shifting. During typical sports activity forces acting on the deformation pad will cause the deformation elements to deform transversely and vertically, simultaneously.
  • the embodiment of the deformation pad 18a shown in Figs. 1-3 includes deformation elements 36, 38, 40, and 42 having converging longitudinal axes. Accordingly, when the deformation pad 18a is subjected to a force during footfall, the direction of that force will assume various angles of incidence relative to the longitudinal axes of the deformation elements 36, 38, 40, and 42.
  • the shoe 10 of Figs. 1 and 2 were subjected to a force F having a component that is transverse to the elongate shoe sole ",. it would be in a direction approximately parallel to the reference axis c.
  • deformation element 36 would be deformed along its axis of least resistance to deformation.
  • the force F x would act on deformation element 38 between its axes of least resistance to deformation and most resistance to deformation; thus deformation element 38 would deform less than deformation element 36.
  • the same analysis can be applied to elements 40 and 42.
  • the interaction, and the relative amounts of deformation of the various deformation elements can thus be controlled by controlling the angle between the longitudinal axes of the respective deformation elements. For example, by increasing the angle between the longitudinal axes of the deformation elements a force which is transverse to one deformation element would be more nearly longitudinal relative to an adjacent deformation element. This arrangement would likely produce greater stability with less “sliding" effect (wherein ground-contacting surface 28 shifts horizontally relative to the base layer 24) .
  • the deformation elements 18 are arranged to provide deformation along predetermined axes when subjected to ground impact forces during footfall.
  • deformation pads 18b are arranged to provide deformation primarily along the sole's longitudinal axis, e.g. in response force F y , while providing almost no deformation along the sole's transverse axis in response to force F x .
  • deformation pad 18a at the heel of the shoe 10, is arranged to provide minimum deformation in response to force F y and a maximum deformation in response to a force in close alignment with F x .
  • the orientation of deformation pads can also be selected to provide a greater or lesser degree of transverse or longitudinal deformation as may be desired to control injury-prone motion such as overpronation.
  • Fig. 2 is not represented as an ideal or optimum arrangement, placement, or orientation of deformation pads 18 for any particular support. Rather, it reflects various design considerations and design theory for the use of the deformation pads 18. Further study and experience with the deformation pads may yield other designs and arrangements that produce more favorable results for a given sport.
  • the support elements 20 are preferably cushioned elements having cushioning 46 and an abrasion-resistant material 48. As noted, preferably the support elements 20 have a thickness that is less than a thickness of the deformation pads 18. Thus, as the outsole 16 encounters the ground during footfall, the deformation pads 18 will first contact the ground and deform as the load of the athlete is applied to shoe. As the deformation pads 18 deform, their thickness will decrease until the support elements 20 come into contact with the ground. As with the design and orientation of the defamation pads, the design and placement of the support elements can be tailored to individual sports activities.
  • the support elements 20 located near the deformation pad 18a may be provided with substantial cushioning to reduce impact, while the support element 20 located at the toe is provided with dense EVA foam to facilitate push-off.
  • Other sports applications may wish to emphasize the stability characteristics and provide a greater density foam in the support elements 20 located near the rearmost deformation pad 18a.
  • FIG. 6 shows a support element 20 at a toe of the shoe, and deformation pads 50 and 52 located at the heel and ball of the foot, respectively.
  • the deformation pad 50 is provided with concentrically arranged square-shaped deformation elements 54 having interior channels (not shown) similar to channels 30 of the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-5.
  • the deformation pad 52 is a one-piece pad meant to replace the two pads 18b of the embodiment of Figs. 1-5.
  • Deformation pad 52 also includes deformation elements 56 that are arranged to provide deformation along particular axes suitable for a particular sport. Between the deformation pads 52 and 50 there is a portion of exposed midsole 58 and a bottom portion of shoe upper 60.
  • Figs. 7 and 8 are graphs of the force on an outer sole of a shoe during footfall of a runner.
  • the data is collected by having a runner wearing a shoe run over a force plate which measures forces along the x, y, and z axes of a single footfall wherein the y axis is parallel to the direction of travel, the z axis is vertical, and the x axis is orthogonal to the y and z axes (i.e., x and y define the horizontal plane) .
  • the ordinate axis on the graph represents the force of the foot on the force plate, and the abscissa axis represents time in milliseconds.
  • F. and F y have an initial, equal onset. That is, F z and F y have equal magnitudes and rates of increase for the initial five to eight milliseconds after the shoe first makes contact with the force plate. Thereafter, the rate of increase of F z and F y continue equally, but at different magnitudes, until each reaches its respective maximum force. The forces thereafter subside.

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  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un coussinet de déformation destiné à des semelles externes de chaussures, lequel coussinet permet de simuler les réactions de la chaussure à l'occasion d'une activité sportive s'exerçant sur des surfaces en gravier. Ayant constaté qu'à chaque pas du coureur sur sol poussiéreux ou en gravier, la chaussure subit un léger glissement vers l'avant, on a pensé qu'en théorie, ce glissement minimise les forces d'impact sur la jambe inférieure. La présente invention simule les caractéristiques des performances et des forces de réaction pour des activités sportives sur les surfaces granuleuses. L'invention met en ÷uvre pour cela un coussinet de déformation incorporant des éléments oblongs de déformation anisotropes présentant des résistances à la déformation qui diffèrent suivant les trois axes (longitudinal, transversal et vertical). Le coussinet de déformation est conçu pour assurer une déformation transversale et verticale tout en résistant sensiblement à la déformation longitudinale. Ces coussinet de déformation peuvent être orientés de façon à offrir des caractéristiques de réponse optimales pour différents sports présentant différentes caractéristiques de charge. Par exemple, les coussinets de déformation des chaussures de course peuvent être orientés différemment des coussinets de déformation des chaussures de tennis où les athlètes soumettent leurs chaussures à des mouvements latéraux importants et à des arrêts brusques. Les chaussures pourvues de coussinets de déformation peuvent également être combinées à des éléments supports présentant une épaisseur inférieure à celle du coussinet de déformation. Ces éléments supports procurent plus d'amortissement et de stabilité et constituent une plate-forme d'appel pour démarrer le mouvement du pied.
PCT/IB1995/001173 1994-10-21 1995-10-20 Coussinet de deformation anisotrope pour chaussures WO1996018317A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU54063/96A AU5406396A (en) 1994-10-21 1995-10-20 Anisotropic deformation pad for footwear

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US327,461 1981-12-04
US32746194A 1994-10-21 1994-10-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996018317A2 true WO1996018317A2 (fr) 1996-06-20
WO1996018317A9 WO1996018317A9 (fr) 1996-09-19
WO1996018317A3 WO1996018317A3 (fr) 1996-10-24

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AU (1) AU5406396A (fr)
TW (1) TW313515B (fr)
WO (1) WO1996018317A2 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997013422A1 (fr) * 1995-10-11 1997-04-17 Rotasole Pty. Ltd. Chaussure a semelle equipee d'un coussinet circulaire permettant de soulager les efforts de torsion sur les chevilles
WO1998007343A1 (fr) * 1996-08-23 1998-02-26 Adidas Ag Systemes en contact avec le sol presentant des elements de deformation en 3d, a utiliser dans des articles chaussants
US5806209A (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-09-15 Fila U.S.A., Inc. Cushioning system for a shoe
WO2002051273A2 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-04 The Timberland Company Construction pour chaussure
US6701643B2 (en) 1998-05-06 2004-03-09 Kenton Geer Design Associates, Inc. Footwear structure and method of forming the same
US7155845B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2007-01-02 Exten.S Sole with extensible structure footwear equipped with same and method for mounting same
WO2008024651A2 (fr) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-28 Nike, Inc. Chaussure avec une structure de semelle incorporant une chambre remplie de fluide à lobes
US7627963B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2009-12-08 Nike, Inc. Footwear with longitudinally split midsole for dynamic fit adjustment
EP2229833A1 (fr) 2009-03-04 2010-09-22 -CAP-K Technologies Procédé et dispositif d'atténuation et de filtrage des vibrations transmises à un utilisateur par une chaussure
WO2010129182A1 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-11 Nike International Ltd. Article chaussant avec rainures verticales
GB2524840A (en) * 2014-04-04 2015-10-07 Andrew Richard Parker Sole of an item of footwear

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992008383A1 (fr) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-29 Adidas Ag Semelle de chaussure, en particulier pour chaussures de sport
WO1992008384A1 (fr) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-29 Adidas Ag Semelle de chaussure, en particulier pour chaussures de sport

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992008383A1 (fr) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-29 Adidas Ag Semelle de chaussure, en particulier pour chaussures de sport
WO1992008384A1 (fr) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-29 Adidas Ag Semelle de chaussure, en particulier pour chaussures de sport

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997013422A1 (fr) * 1995-10-11 1997-04-17 Rotasole Pty. Ltd. Chaussure a semelle equipee d'un coussinet circulaire permettant de soulager les efforts de torsion sur les chevilles
US6035559A (en) * 1995-10-11 2000-03-14 Rotasole Pty. Ltd. Shoe with circular pad in the sole to relieve twisting stresses on the ankle
WO1998007343A1 (fr) * 1996-08-23 1998-02-26 Adidas Ag Systemes en contact avec le sol presentant des elements de deformation en 3d, a utiliser dans des articles chaussants
US5806209A (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-09-15 Fila U.S.A., Inc. Cushioning system for a shoe
US6701643B2 (en) 1998-05-06 2004-03-09 Kenton Geer Design Associates, Inc. Footwear structure and method of forming the same
WO2002051273A2 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-04 The Timberland Company Construction pour chaussure
WO2002051273A3 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-12-27 Timberland Co Construction pour chaussure
US7621058B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2009-11-24 Exten.S Sole with extensible structure
US7155845B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2007-01-02 Exten.S Sole with extensible structure footwear equipped with same and method for mounting same
US7966751B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2011-06-28 Exten.S Sole with extensible structure
US7627963B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2009-12-08 Nike, Inc. Footwear with longitudinally split midsole for dynamic fit adjustment
US7634861B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2009-12-22 Nike, Inc. Footwear with longitudinally split midsole for dynamic fit adjustment
CN101505625B (zh) * 2006-08-22 2012-09-19 耐克国际有限公司 具有包含分瓣的流体填充腔室的鞋底结构的鞋
WO2008024651A3 (fr) * 2006-08-22 2008-06-19 Nike Inc Chaussure avec une structure de semelle incorporant une chambre remplie de fluide à lobes
WO2008024651A2 (fr) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-28 Nike, Inc. Chaussure avec une structure de semelle incorporant une chambre remplie de fluide à lobes
EP2229833A1 (fr) 2009-03-04 2010-09-22 -CAP-K Technologies Procédé et dispositif d'atténuation et de filtrage des vibrations transmises à un utilisateur par une chaussure
WO2010129182A1 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-11 Nike International Ltd. Article chaussant avec rainures verticales
CN102438477A (zh) * 2009-04-27 2012-05-02 耐克国际有限公司 带有垂直沟槽的鞋产品
US8104197B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2012-01-31 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear with vertical grooves
US8479417B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2013-07-09 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear with vertical grooves
EP3231309A1 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2017-10-18 NIKE Innovate C.V. Chaussure ayant des rainures verticales
GB2524840A (en) * 2014-04-04 2015-10-07 Andrew Richard Parker Sole of an item of footwear
GB2524840B (en) * 2014-04-04 2017-05-24 Richard Parker Andrew Sole of an item of footwear

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996018317A3 (fr) 1996-10-24
TW313515B (fr) 1997-08-21
AU5406396A (en) 1996-07-03

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