WO1996015345A1 - Mobile folding stage - Google Patents
Mobile folding stage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996015345A1 WO1996015345A1 PCT/US1995/014805 US9514805W WO9615345A1 WO 1996015345 A1 WO1996015345 A1 WO 1996015345A1 US 9514805 W US9514805 W US 9514805W WO 9615345 A1 WO9615345 A1 WO 9615345A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stage
- decks
- folding
- legs
- frame
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
- E04H3/10—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons for meetings, entertainments, or sports
- E04H3/22—Theatres; Concert halls; Studios for broadcasting, cinematography, television or similar purposes
- E04H3/24—Constructional features of stages
- E04H3/28—Shiftable or portable platforms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to mobile elevationally adjustable folding stages which fold between a storage position and a use position.
- Folding stages are used for a variety of purposes to provide a temporary raised platform for use in schools, hotels, convention centers and other institutions wherein multiple use facilities require the capability of setting up temporary stages.
- Such stages are made up of individual stage structures which are positioned adjacent each other to form extended stage surface. When not in use, the individual stage structures may be folded to compact dimensions and stored.
- Stages which are used for forming an elevated platform at lower heights typically ranging between stages having a minimum height of 16 inches and adjusting in increments of 6 or 8 inches, up to stages having a maximum height of 48 inches with lower height increments of 6 or 8 inches, generally fold at their center with a pair of stage decks having upper surfaces folding adjacent each other in a nearly vertical storage position.
- the folding linkage facilitates folding from a use position to the storage position.
- Support legs may fold inward to be substantially flush against the underside of the stage decks. When folded, the stages are supported on rollers or casters for moving between locations.
- stages have proven very useful at providing folding lower level staging, further improvements are possible.
- Such stages typically are only able to adjust between two heights due to the complexity of folding to a vertical position with the legs folding proximate the underside of the stage decks as well as unfolding with complicated bracing and maintaining the support from the legs.
- the inner support legs may use a short set and long set of legs for the two heights, with the short legs not foldable.
- the linkages often do not maintain the decks so that they properly align when in the use position.
- excessive loads pressed at the hinge point in the center of the two decks when -in the unfolded position may cause the outer ends of the stage to lift.
- the stage when the stage is folded in a substantially vertical position, the tops of the decks may come into contact with one another, having the potential to pinch users' hands or fingers.
- a new and improved folding stage is needed which folds from a use position to a folded position with the tops of the decks substantially facing one another.
- a linkage is needed which controls the motion of the decks and provides proper alignment.
- the linkage should resist accidental folding and provides sufficient support for the legs so that greater loads may be applied.
- the linkage should provide for legs which can extend to three different heights rather than only two. The present invention addresses these as well as other problems related to folding stages.
- a mobile folding stage has a pair of stage decks which are joined along a center axis to form a stage surface.
- the stage folds from a use position to a folded position wherein the stage decks are at a substantially vertical position with the upper surfaces of the decks facing one another.
- the stage includes a folding framework connected to a caster frame mounted on rollers or casters for moving the stage from location to location.
- the stage includes a folding linkage which folds a framework and the stage decks from their horizontal use position to the nearly vertically folded storage position.
- the linkage connects to outer support legs which are folded between the use and non-use positions with actuating of the linkage.
- Inner legs fold to an extended position to provide additional support and to act as a pivot for the stage when folding between the folded position and the use position.
- Both the inner and outer legs are elevationally adjustable for changing the height of the stage.
- Each inner leg includes a foot having an angled portion which supports and guides the inner leg and the stage during the folding and unfolding operations.
- the inner legs also have guide brackets which engage an angled portion of the caster frame to direct the legs to their fully extended use positions. When the stage is folded, the inner and outer legs both lie substantially flat against the bottom of the stage decks.
- the actuating linkage for folding includes a main mounting plate having raised end portions and a raised center portion.
- a substantially U-shaped link mounts from the raised center portion of the linkage mounting plate to the frame while a shortened link mounts from the end portion of the mounting plate to the frame.
- An extended link mounts from the linkage mounting plate to the outer leg to actuate folding the leg along with the folding of the stage.
- the substantially U-shaped link has a slight bevel at the top of the cross portion which receives the edge of the deck when in the folded position to angle the decks slightly toward one another. This resists accidental unfolding, but keeps a space between the upper edges of the decks so that users' hands and fingers cannot get pinched between the decks. Alignment pins on the edge of the decks also align with the corresponding bores on the opposite deck to guide alignment when in the use position.
- the stage decks may be either permanently mounted or may be interchangeable or reversible.
- a spring engages a bore in one corner of the deck to slightly raise the corner of the decks when they are being removed or reversed. This provides for gripping one corner of the deck and easy reversal of the decks.
- Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a mobile folding stage in the folded position, according to the principles of the present invention
- Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the stage shown in Figure 1 in the unfolded position with stairs attached;
- Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the stage shown in Figure 1 partially unfolded
- Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the stage shown in Figure 1 with the stage unfolded so that the inner legs are engaging the ground;
- Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the stage shown in Figure 1 folded so that the stage is pivoting on its inner legs;
- Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the stage shown in Figure 1 in a nearly unfolded position
- Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the stage shown in Figure 1 with the stage unfolded
- Figure 8 shows a perspective view of the stage shown in Figure 7 in a partially folded position
- Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the stage shown in Figure 7 in a nearly folded position
- Figure 10 shows a side elevational view of the folding linkage for the stage shown in Figure 1 in the folded position
- Figure 11 shows a side elevational view of the folding linkage shown in Figure 10 in the unfolded position
- Figure 12 shows an internal perspective view of the inner support legs and linkage
- Figure 13 shows a perspective view of the inner leg and guide bracket engaging the caster frame to direct the leg to an unfolded position
- Figure 14 shows a side elevational view of the outer leg and linkage for the stage shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 15 shows a perspective view of a mounting spring for the deck connectors for the stage shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 16 shows a perspective view of a deck being raised at one corner by the spring shown in Figure 15.
- the stage 20 includes a folding frame 22 supporting a pair of decks 24. As shown in Figure 1, in a folded storage position, the decks 24 are positioned just past vertical with upper faces of the decks 24 opposing one another. As shown in Figure 2, when the stage 20 is unfolded, the decks 24 form an extended planar stage surface.
- the stage 20 is supported on inner legs 32 and outer legs 34 which extend to a support position as shown in Figure 2. When the stage 20 is folded, as shown in Figure 1, the inner legs 32 and outer legs 34 fold to a position lying substantially flat against the lower surfaces of the stage decks 24.
- the stage 20 is rolled on casters or rollers 26 which are mounted on a caster frame 38.
- the caster frame 38 has a center cross member running substantially along the folding axis of the stage 20 and end members extending substantially perpendicular to the center axial member. End portions 40 of the perpendicular members are angled slightly inward from the edge of the stage to aid in alignment of the inner legs 32 during unfolding, as explained hereinafter.
- the decks 24 may be permanently attached to the folding frame 22 or may be reversible or removable to provide a variety of deck surfaces for different uses.
- the decks 24 and frame 22 are configured with attachment members 90, as shown most clearly in Figures 14 and 15, which provide for attaching to other similar stages or for decks 24 being supported between stages 20 for forming an expanded extended stage surface with fewer stages.
- Curtains or other decorative accessories may be hung from a mounting strip 92 along the edge of the decks 24.
- removable stairs 36 may be mounted to an edge of the stage 20 to provide easier access to the stage.
- guard rails and other safety equipment may also be mounted to provide greater flexibility for configuring the stage 20.
- the outer legs 34 include a telescoping leg portion 56 and outer leg member 58.
- the telescoping member 56 includes height adjustment holes 62 which engage a spring loaded pin 68 having a handle attached thereto. A pin 68 inserts into the hole 62 to maintain the leg 34 at a desired height.
- each of the outer support legs 34 has three different adjustment holes 62 for maintaining the stage 20 at one of three different heights.
- the legs 34 include spacers 60 having a substantially rectangular configuration extending between the outer leg member 58 and the telescoping member 56 to provide easy sliding between the members 56 and 58 and to provide solid support with little relative movement between the outer member 58 and telescoping inner member 56.
- each of the outer legs 34 includes a strut 64 which connects to the folding linkage 30, as explained hereinafter.
- a cross member 42 extends between the pair of the outer legs 34 on the underside of each deck 24.
- the legs pivot on a mounting plate 126 which provides for direct support to the frame 22 by the framework on the outer legs 34 when in the use. position.
- the inner support legs 32 include an outer member 46 and an inner telescoping member 44 for varying the height of the inner legs 32.
- the telescoping member 44 includes height adjustment holes 50 which receive a spring loaded pin 66 which inserts into the height adjustment holes 50 to maintain the telescoping member 44 at a desired height.
- Rectangular spacers 48 insert between the outer member 46 and the telescoping member 44 for providing easy sliding between the members while also providing increased support and stability to the inner legs 32.
- the inner legs 32 pivot about a bracket 124 mounting to the frame 22. When in the extended position, the inner legs 32 carry the load directly from the frame 22 through the legs 32.
- the inner legs 32 support the decks 24 and the entire stage 20 during folding and unfolding, the inner legs 32 include feet 70 which are configured for aiding and supporting the legs 32 and stage 20 during folding and unfolding, as explained hereinafter.
- Each of the feet 70 includes a flat bottom portion 72 and an inner angled portion 74 which extends at a substantially 45° angle upward from the bottom portion 72 in the preferred embodiment and then extends upward at a second 45° bend.
- the feet 70 include an angled outer portion 76 extending away from the folding axis of the stage 20. In the preferred embodiment, the outer portion 76 is angled at a 45° angle from the bottom portion 72.
- the configuration of the feet 70 provides for pivoting while also maintaining an increased contact area between the feet 70 and the ground.
- the feet 70 act as skids allowing for some sliding to take place during folding and unfolding the stage 20.
- the folding linkage 30 provides for folding of the stage decks 24 from a flat use position to a folded storage position.
- the linkage 30 includes a main linkage mounting plate 100 at each end of the decks which attaches to end members of the caster frame 38.
- the linkage mounting plate 100 includes raised end portions 102 which extend vertically upward at each end of the mounting plate 100.
- a raised center portion 104 is positioned intermediate the end portions 102. Therefor, each end portion 102 forms a channel with the center portion 104 which supports ends of the decks 24 when in the folded position.
- the linkage 30 further includes a substantially horseshoe shaped link 108 which mounts from a pivot point 128 at the center portion 104 of the main plate 100.
- the U-shaped link 108 includes a first side portion 110 and a second side portion 112 connected by an angled bottom portion 114.
- the bottom portion 114 includes a beveled upper surface which receives and supports the edge of the deck 24 when the stage 20 is folded.
- the bevel of the bottom portion 114 tilts the stage deck 24 slightly past vertical toward the center axis to aid in resisting accidental unfolding of the stage 20 when in the folded position.
- the first side portion 110 mounts to the mounting bracket 124 on the frame 22 at pivot point 128.
- a short link 106 mounts to the mounting bracket 124 at pivot point 122 and also to the end portion 102 of the main plate at a pivot point 118.
- An extended link 116 which jogs toward the frame to lie substantially flat against the bottom of the deck 124 in the folded position extends to the strut 64 on the outer leg 34 as shown in Figure 14.
- the extended link 116 mounts at a pivot point 120 at an outer position of the end portion 102.
- the decks 24 include pins 140 engaging corresponding bores along the inner edges of the decks 24 to guide and align the decks along the center axis.
- the linkage 30 folds the stage deck 24 and outer legs 34 from a folded position as shown in Figure 1 to a use position, as shown in Figure 2, and then back to a folded position.
- the linkage 30 provides for greater stability so that when in the use position, a load placed at the direct center of the stage 20 cannot cause the decks 24 to fold up.
- the linkage provides for slightly raising the inner edges of the decks 24 when folding the stage 20 so that the decks 24 have room to fold and unfold without binding upon one another or the linkage 30.
- the linkage 30 is designed so that the stage decks 24 are in a just past vertical position when folded, so that they resist accidental unfolding, yet are spaced slightly apart at their top edge so that operators' and users' hands will not be pinched between the tops of the decks 24. Furthermore, the linkage 30 also folds the outer legs 34 from a folded position to an extended position wherein they are directly supporting the stage frame 22. The linkage 30 actuates the outer legs 34 so that the outer legs 34 are substantially flat against the bottom of the decks 24 when folded and so that the extended link 116 is also substantially flat against the deck 24 when folded with only end portions extending to engage the linkage 30.
- FIG. 1 The operation of unfolding the stage is shown in Figures 1 and 3-7.
- the decks 24 are substantially vertical and extending slightly towards one another.
- the legs 32 and 34 are typically in a folded position stored flat against the bottom of the decks 24.
- the stage 20 is supported on the casters 26 and may be easily rolled to a desired location.
- the outer legs 34 are pulled outward away from the bottoms of the decks 24, as shown in Figure 3.
- the linkage 30 passes through a toggle point, so that the legs 34 slightly "snap" outward with the linkage 30 and the extended links 116 also move slightly outward from the bottoms of the decks 24.
- the inner legs 32 are folded outward to their fully extended position, as also shown in Figure 3.
- the feet 70 of the inner legs 32 engage the floor.
- the inner portion 74 has its angled surface substantially flat against the floor.
- the outer legs 34 become slightly more extended.
- the stage 20 pivots about the bend between the bottom portion 72 and the angled inner portion 74 of the feet 70.
- the caster frame 38 and the casters 26 are lifted upward so that the casters 26 are no longer engaging the floor and the stage 20 is supported entirely on the inner legs 32.
- the linkage 30 also extends the outer legs 34 slightly more, as shown in Figure 5.
- the inner edges of the decks 24 are also moved slightly closer to facing one another.
- the inner legs 32 are substantially supported on the bottom portion 72 of the feet 70.
- the outer legs 34 are almost entirely perpendicular to the stage decks 24 and the inner edges of the decks 24 substantially face one another. With further folding, the edges of the decks 24 entirely face one another and engage with alignment pins 140 engaging opposed complimentary bores 142 along the inner edges of the decks 24, as shown in Figure 11.
- the load is supported directly through the inner and outer legs 32 and 34 for increased stability and support.
- the steps are substantially reversed with some slight variations. As shown in Figure 8, as the stage decks 24 are lifted towards one another, the stage 20 will be supported on the feet 70 and substantially on the inner portions of the feet 74.
- One deck 24 will typically be lowered before the other so that at least one set of the casters 26 engages the ground. At this point, the second deck 24 will be folded so that both sets of casters 26 will engage the ground. One deck 24 is lifted upward, as shown in Figure 9, to the substantially folded position. Then the second deck 24 can be folded upwards so that both decks are substantially folded, as shown in Figure 3. The legs 32 and 34 are then refolded to the original storage position, shown in Figure 1.
- the inner leg 32 when the stage is unfolded, the inner leg 32 includes a support member 54 which substantially rests against the perpendicular end portion of the caster frame 38. This provides increased stability and directs the load substantially through the leg 32.
- a guide bracket 52 On an inner portion of the inner legs 32 there is mounted a guide bracket 52. As shown in Figure 13, the guide bracket has a curved profile which may engage the bent end portions 40 of the caster frame 38 if the inner leg 32 is not fully unfolded or is misaligned while unfolding the stage 20.
- the guide bracket 52 will engage the angled end portions of the caster frame 40 and move the leg 32 outward toward its proper support position for supporting the stage 20. It can be appreciated that as the stage 20 is unfolded more, the guide bracket 52 pushes the leg 32 outward along the angled portion 40 so that it is forced into its extended support position perpendicular to the deck 24. In this manner, the guide bracket 52 and the angled end portion 40 of the caster frame 38 guide and align the inner legs 32.
- the attachment system for supporting the decks 24 to the frame 22 is shown in Figures 15 and 16.
- the decks 24 include orifices along their lower portion which are hidden beneath a captive nut 82, as shown most clearly in Figure 14.
- the captive nut 82 connects to a bolt 86 attaching through the orifices in the bottom of the deck 24.
- a spring 80 will be placed to help raise the decks when removing or flipping the deck members 24.
- the spring 80 helps to raise one corner of the decks 24, as shown in Figure 16.
- the spring 80 forces the one corner of the deck 24 upward so that it may be grabbed by the fingers, allowing easier lifting of the remaining corners of the deck 24. In this manner, the decks 24 may be more easily removed and with less chance of fingers being pinched while trying to lift the decks 24.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Legs For Furniture In General (AREA)
- Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
- Undergarments, Swaddling Clothes, Handkerchiefs Or Underwear Materials (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
- Ladders (AREA)
- Tables And Desks Characterized By Structural Shape (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
- Movable Scaffolding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR9509628A BR9509628A (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | Mobile folding stage |
NZ296859A NZ296859A (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | Mobile foldinig stage |
DE69517047T DE69517047T2 (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | FOLDABLE STAGE |
EP95939950A EP0791122B1 (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | Mobile folding stage |
CA 2203698 CA2203698C (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | Mobile folding stage |
AU41587/96A AU686487B2 (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | Mobile folding stage |
JP8516283A JPH10510016A (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | Movable folding stage |
MXPA/A/1997/003427A MXPA97003427A (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1997-05-09 | Stripping folding mo |
HK98101146A HK1002771A1 (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1998-02-13 | Mobile folding stage |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/337,254 US5613450A (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1994-11-10 | Mobile folding stage |
US08/337,254 | 1994-11-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996015345A1 true WO1996015345A1 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
Family
ID=23319773
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1995/014805 WO1996015345A1 (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | Mobile folding stage |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5613450A (en) |
EP (2) | EP0890691A3 (en) |
JP (2) | JP3776154B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100383659B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1115455C (en) |
AU (1) | AU686487B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9509628A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69517047T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2148583T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1002771A1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ296859A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996015345A1 (en) |
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US8513509B2 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2013-08-20 | Anthony Ramirez | UCR (user configurable riser) |
JP5951001B2 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2016-07-13 | カナムポーンパン,ヴィロジKHANAMPORNPAN,Viroj | stand |
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CN109747298A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-05-14 | 辽宁泓新科技成果转化服务有限公司 | A kind of portable field teaching device and its application method |
CN108149962A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-12 | 合肥饰界金属制品有限公司 | A kind of stage |
CN108868209A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-23 | 中建城市建设发展有限公司 | A kind of movable folding explains and publicises platform and its application method |
US11242691B2 (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2022-02-08 | Steven Williams | Collapsible mobile stage system |
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US4133271A (en) * | 1977-08-15 | 1979-01-09 | Sico Incorporated | Folding table with locking hinge |
FR2418319A1 (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-09-21 | Bosson Jacques | Stanchion support for variable height floor decking - has platform that supports and locks each floor deck panel |
US4327650A (en) * | 1979-02-01 | 1982-05-04 | Sico Incorporated | Support structure for mobile folding stage |
US4232488A (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1980-11-11 | Hanley William F | Portable stage |
FR2554476B1 (en) * | 1983-11-08 | 1986-03-28 | Controle Travaux Publics Et | ASSEMBLY OF METAL FRAME ELEMENTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES |
FR2587784B1 (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1990-02-23 | Chatenay Catherine | EXTENSIBLE AND RETRACTABLE STRUCTURE WITH ORIENTABLE PLAN |
DE3909964A1 (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1990-10-04 | Langer Ruth Geb Layher | SUPPORT STRUCTURE FOR TRIBUENES |
-
1994
- 1994-11-10 US US08/337,254 patent/US5613450A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-11-07 JP JP31167795A patent/JP3776154B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-11-13 BR BR9509628A patent/BR9509628A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-13 KR KR1019970703153A patent/KR100383659B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-13 AU AU41587/96A patent/AU686487B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-11-13 EP EP98118714A patent/EP0890691A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-11-13 NZ NZ296859A patent/NZ296859A/en unknown
- 1995-11-13 EP EP95939950A patent/EP0791122B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-13 DE DE69517047T patent/DE69517047T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-13 WO PCT/US1995/014805 patent/WO1996015345A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-11-13 ES ES95939950T patent/ES2148583T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-13 JP JP8516283A patent/JPH10510016A/en active Pending
- 1995-11-13 CN CN95196021.0A patent/CN1115455C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-02-13 HK HK98101146A patent/HK1002771A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4074636A (en) * | 1975-12-05 | 1978-02-21 | Wilson Kermit H | Elevationally adjustable folding stage |
US4779542A (en) * | 1987-07-31 | 1988-10-25 | Stageright Corporation | Fold and roll staging |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU4158796A (en) | 1996-06-06 |
CN1115455C (en) | 2003-07-23 |
ES2148583T3 (en) | 2000-10-16 |
CN1162344A (en) | 1997-10-15 |
NZ296859A (en) | 1999-06-29 |
EP0890691A2 (en) | 1999-01-13 |
BR9509628A (en) | 1998-01-06 |
EP0791122A1 (en) | 1997-08-27 |
KR100383659B1 (en) | 2003-07-22 |
EP0791122B1 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
JPH10510016A (en) | 1998-09-29 |
JPH08209961A (en) | 1996-08-13 |
AU686487B2 (en) | 1998-02-05 |
EP0890691A3 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
JP3776154B2 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
MX9703427A (en) | 1997-07-31 |
US5613450A (en) | 1997-03-25 |
HK1002771A1 (en) | 1998-09-18 |
DE69517047D1 (en) | 2000-06-21 |
DE69517047T2 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
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