WO1996011755A1 - Method for removing solid deposits from an object by means of mechanical vibration - Google Patents

Method for removing solid deposits from an object by means of mechanical vibration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996011755A1
WO1996011755A1 PCT/FR1995/001367 FR9501367W WO9611755A1 WO 1996011755 A1 WO1996011755 A1 WO 1996011755A1 FR 9501367 W FR9501367 W FR 9501367W WO 9611755 A1 WO9611755 A1 WO 9611755A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency
support
cleaned
layer
mechanical vibration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1995/001367
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Gilles Maurice Grandperret
Francis Claude Jacquot
Original Assignee
Gilles Maurice Grandperret
Francis Claude Jacquot
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gilles Maurice Grandperret, Francis Claude Jacquot filed Critical Gilles Maurice Grandperret
Priority to AU38075/95A priority Critical patent/AU3807595A/en
Priority to EP95935973A priority patent/EP0734291A1/en
Publication of WO1996011755A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996011755A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/02—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanical method for cleaning the surface of supports or materials such as, for example, metals, plastics or the like in the form of parts, structures, assemblies. . . , soiled or coated with a solid layer or deposit of parasitic material.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing this method, using a generator of sustained mechanical vibrations.
  • This generator is coupled by a transmitter to the material or support to be cleaned or cleaned.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a process for scouring, pickling or cleaning materials, supports, structures or parts of simple or encrusted solid deposits of a consistency different from that of the support.
  • This process consists in imparting sustained mechanical vibrations to the layer or to the deposit of parasitic materials covering, at least partially, the surfaces of the materials or supports to be cleaned. Under the effect of these vibrations, the polluting layer or deposit is fragmented and detached or detached from the surface of the materials or supports to be cleaned and then reduced to powder or finely divided.
  • the process according to the present invention does not require any additional product of the type, for example, pulverulent or acidic material. It is therefore simple, inexpensive to implement and non-polluting in its implementation. The pollution is limited to the only waste produced from the peeled-off layer of the deposits, which can subsequently be reduced to powder for extraction from the environment in which they are found.
  • the frequency or frequencies of mechanical vibrations is or are adapted to the physico-chemical nature of the deposits to be removed, in direct relation to the resonance frequency of the deposit-support link located inside the absorption spectrum of the polluting material (s) forming the layer surface to be removed on the surface of the material or support to be cleaned.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the device for implementing the method according to the invention comprising a frequency generator connected to a generator of mechanical oscillations whose transmitter is integral with the part to be cleaned;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the device for implementing the method according to the invention applied to the cleaning of a stainless steel lining of a chimney; .
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the same device applied to the cleaning of an exchanger-burner assembly; .
  • Figure 4 is the block diagram of the device with feedback loop taking into account the response of the structure.
  • FIG. 1 A particular and non-limiting embodiment of the device for implementing the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a generator of an excitation signal which is a frequency generator 1, controls, if necessary after amplification of the signal, a generator of mechanical oscillations or generator of vibrations 2 of the electromechanical type, for example, capable of transforming the electrical excitation signal, preferably periodic, coming from the frequency generator 1 into mechanical vibrations.
  • the vibration generator 2 is in turn integral or mechanically rigidly connected to a material or support to be cleaned 3 covered with a solid surface layer 4 of pollutants by means of an applicator or a transmitter 5, for example a rigid metal rod 6.
  • the transmitter is secured by one of its ends 7 to an oscillating mechanical actuation means 8 specific to the vibration generator 2 and fixed or secured or in mechanical transmission contact by its other end 9 with the surface of the material or support to be cleaned 3. Mention may be made, for example, of direct contact by magnet.
  • the end of the rigid metal rod 6 of the applicator or the transmitter can also be brought into direct mechanical contact or fixed directly, for example on a mechanical structure such as a stainless steel jacket 10 of a chimney 11 (FIG. 2 ) or else on a fluid line 12 of an exchanger-burner assembly 13 (FIG. 3) or on any other structure or part to be cleaned.
  • a mechanical structure such as a stainless steel jacket 10 of a chimney 11 (FIG. 2 ) or else on a fluid line 12 of an exchanger-burner assembly 13 (FIG. 3) or on any other structure or part to be cleaned.
  • the mechanical actuation means 8 of the vibration generator 2 oscillates between two extreme and opposite positions which are symmetrical with respect to a rest position, at one or more frequency (s) determined by the excitation signal produced by the generator of frequencies 1.
  • the rigid metal rod, or applicator, or transmitter 6 then transmits the vibratory movement maintained by the mechanical actuation means 8 at a place in the layer 4 of pollutant deposits or of encrusted materials and then to the entire layer through the material, support or room to be cleaned 3.
  • the layer 4 of polluting deposits or of encrusted materials peels off then detaches from the surface of the material or support 3 and breaks up into parts, as the case may be finely divided, which evacuated by gravity or which can then be removed, for example by suction.
  • the frequency of the excitation signal from generator 1 will preferably be adjustable over a wide range of values, between 10 Hz and 20 kHz, but preferably between 10 Hz and 15 kHz to cover all applications. In a wide range of applications, the useful frequencies are between 100 Hz and 2000 Hz.
  • the frequency generator 1 can be equipped with two low-pass and high-pass filters, the respective cut-off frequencies of which correspond to the lower and upper limits of the sought interval.
  • the frequency or frequencies used are essentially variable, that is to say different from one application to another.
  • the type of structure or support as well as the nature and the physico-chemical characteristics of the deposits condition the choice of the frequency or frequencies to be used. After determining the frequency (s), it will be applied successively or simultaneously.
  • At least one of the frequencies is identical to, or close to, the resonance frequency of the deposit-support link. This is the separation frequency Fd constituting the first result to be obtained.
  • Ft transport of deposits to which Fd must be added the frequency of separation which constitutes the first phase or the second after the fragmentation.
  • These frequencies are applied successively or simultaneously. They are not necessarily pure. They correspond each time, for each phase and for each work, to a resonance frequency of a medium, of a physical state of the deposits or of a bond.
  • a sensor 14 for example of the accelerometer type, will make it possible to determine a return signal representing the response of the support structure. The excitement can then be changed when the structure responds best.
  • the excitation can also be modified so as to keep the level of vibrations constant over the whole range of useful frequencies.
  • This latter mode of operation is desirable in the case where the range of working frequencies is located in the natural frequency zone of the support or of the structure.
  • the assembly will include, in addition to the above generators, the sensor 14 in contact with the structure and an amplitude modulation unit 15 whose law will lessen or neutralize the peaks of resonance or antiresonance 1.
  • the modulation block 15 is placed between the generator 1 and the sensor 14.
  • the decoupling frequency Fd and the other active frequencies are determined manually by successive tests or by knowledge thereof linked to the nature of the deposits or by a sequence approach.
  • the active frequencies of the different phases are applied successively one after the other or simply one or the other of them, depending on the work required, the nature of the deposits to be removed and the geometric configuration of the structure.
  • Example n ° 1 The tube bundle of the exchanger of a heating boiler of 10,500 therms, burning Lorraine coal is cleaned.
  • Each of the frequency bands is scanned successively or simultaneously.
  • the frequency of the excitation signal supplied by the frequency generator 1 can be adjusted so that the frequency of the mechanical vibrations induced by the mechanical vibration generator 2 is located within the absorption spectrum of the layer. or deposit 4 of the parasitic materials to be eliminated.
  • the frequency of the signal supplied by the frequency generator 1 will be adjusted so that the frequency of the mechanical vibrations corresponding to the separation is substantially equal to, or covers, the natural frequency of the layer-support link.
  • the layer 4 of polluting deposits is excited at the resonance of its connection with the support for its detachment then by another frequency for its disintegration then possibly by a new yet other frequency for its displacement-evacuation. It is then assured that the value of the frequency of the signal supplied by the frequency generator 1 is such that the frequency of the mechanical vibrations is always different from the natural frequency of the material or support to be cleaned 3, so that the latter does not or only weakly excited, at vibration levels significantly below its limits of elasticity and mechanical resistance to rupture.
  • the cleaning method according to the invention can be applied to the material or support 3 for the time necessary for the total elimination of the layer 4 of pollutant deposits or encrusted materials, without risk of damaging the material or support 3, or even destroy it.
  • the natural frequency of the layer-support bond can be determined rigorously, by a study of its physicochemical characteristics originating from the nature of its compounds and their relative concentrations. This arrangement is particularly advantageous when the device according to the invention is dedicated to a particular material or support 3, covered with a layer 4 of pollutants of constant nature and composition.
  • This use can result in the storage of the settings corresponding to the different frequencies.
  • the optimal cleaning frequency can advantageously be determined by successive approaches to the frequency of the excitation signal produced by the frequency generator 1 , while observing or measuring the behavior of layer 4 of polluting deposits on the surface of the material or support to be cleaned. When the latter takes off, it is ensured that the frequency of the mechanical vibrations applied to it is equal to, or close to, the natural frequency of the deposit-support link.
  • the frequency of the signal produced by the excitation generator 1 can advantageously be modified throughout the cleaning of the material or support 3, given that the natural frequency of layer 4 of pollutant deposits or of the layer-support connection varies as it is eliminated and it may prove necessary, for faster and more efficient cleaning, to adjust the frequency of mechanical vibrations frequently or permanently.
  • the device can have a permanent periodic operation by repetitive phases which make it possible to avoid the deposition of the materials or at least the evacuated instantaneously and continuously.

Abstract

A method and a device for removing a deposit or layer (4) of contaminating materials from a support or construction (3). A drive signal generator (1) controls a mechanical vibration generator (2) comprising a vibrating mechanical actuator (8) which is in direct contact with or rigidly connected to the support or construction to be cleaned (3) via a transmitter (5). The frequency of the mechanical vibration applied to the support or construction to be cleaned (3) is different from the natural frequency thereof.

Description

PROCEDE DE NETTOYAGE PAR VIBRATION MECANIQUES D'UN OBJECT PORTANT DES DEPOTS SOLIDES METHOD FOR CLEANING BY MECHANICAL VIBRATION OF AN OBJECT CARRYING SOLID DEPOSITS
L'invention concerne un procédé mécanique de nettoyage de la surface de supports ou matériaux tels que, par exemple, des métaux, des matières plastiques ou autres sous la forme de pièces, de structures, d'ensembles . . . , salis ou revêtus par une couche ou un dépôt solide de matières parasites.The invention relates to a mechanical method for cleaning the surface of supports or materials such as, for example, metals, plastics or the like in the form of parts, structures, assemblies. . . , soiled or coated with a solid layer or deposit of parasitic material.
L'invention concerne également un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, utilisant un générateur de vibrations mécaniques entretenues. Ce générateur est couplé par un transmetteur au matériau ou support à décrasser ou à nettoyer.The invention also relates to a device for implementing this method, using a generator of sustained mechanical vibrations. This generator is coupled by a transmitter to the material or support to be cleaned or cleaned.
De nombreuses installations, structures ou pièces sont salies ou encrassées en raison de leur fonctionnement et/ou de leur séjour dans un milieu salissant, voire agressif. C'est le cas, par exemple, d'une chaudière dont les pièces intérieures se couvrent progressivement en fonctionnement par des dépôts solides issus de la combustion, notamment des imbrûlés ou des résidus de combustion notamment d'un combustible fossile. Ces particules forment après une certaine durée de fonctionnement un dépôt solide sous forme de croûtes incrustées sur la surface des pièces, pouvant favoriser une amorce de corrosion, gêner le mouvement de pièces mobiles ou provoquer une diminution sensible du rendement thermique dans le cas d'un échangeur. De plus, l'intérieur des échangeurs à tubes ou autres d'une chaudière peut être progressivement obstrué par des dépôts calcaires tartre ou d'autres particules existant en suspension dans les fluides caloporteurs. Ces dépôts nuisent au rendement thermique et à la sécurité de l'installation de chauffage car pouvant provoquer localement une surchauffe par un moindre échange thermique ou des surpressions conduisant à de mauvais fonctionnements.Many installations, structures or parts are dirty or dirty due to their operation and / or their stay in a dirty, even aggressive environment. This is the case, for example, of a boiler, the internal parts of which are progressively covered in operation by solid deposits resulting from combustion, in particular unburnt materials or combustion residues in particular from a fossil fuel. These particles form after a certain period of operation a solid deposit in the form of crusts encrusted on the surface of the parts, which can promote an initiation of corrosion, hinder the movement of moving parts or cause a significant decrease in thermal efficiency in the case of a exchanger. In addition, the interior of the tube or other exchangers of a boiler may be progressively obstructed by lime scale deposits or other particles existing in suspension in the heat transfer fluids. These deposits adversely affect the thermal efficiency and the safety of the heating installation since they can locally cause overheating with less heat exchange or overpressures leading to malfunctions.
Le fonctionnement sûr et efficace d'installations comprenant des chaudières, des échangeurs thermiques, des tours de refroidissement, des conduites de transport de fluides, des conduits de fumées et autres nécessitent que celles-ci soient régulièrement et efficacement nettoyées.The safe and efficient operation of installations including boilers, heat exchangers, cooling towers, fluid transport pipes, flue pipes and others require that these be regularly and effectively cleaned.
A cet égard, on connaît à ce jour plusieurs procédés de nettoyage, de décrassage, de décapage ou de désincrustation de dépôts à la surface de matériaux, de supports, de structures ou de pièces.In this regard, several processes are known to date for cleaning, descaling, pickling or descaling deposits on the surface of materials, supports, structures or parts.
Il est, par exemple, connu d'utiliser des moyens mécaniques tels que, notamment, la projection de matières abrasives granuleuses: sablage ou grenaillage ou de fluides sous pression ou encore l'application, sur le matériau ou le support à nettoyer, de chocs mécaniques répétés et souvent violents destinés à provoquer le décollement de la couche de saleté adhérente ou incrustée. Il est également connu d'utiliser des moyens chimiques tels que, par exemple, des matières à activité acide ou basique.It is, for example, known to use mechanical means such as, in particular, the projection of granular abrasive materials: sandblasting or shot blasting or pressurized fluids or the application, on the material or the support to be cleaned, of shocks repeated and often violent mechanics intended to cause the separation of the adherent or encrusted layer of dirt. It is also known to use chemical means such as, for example, materials with acid or basic activity.
Ces techniques, coûteuses en durée de mise en oeuvre et, pour certaines, en produit nettoyant, ne garantissent pas pour autant un nettoyage parfait des surfaces recouvertes de dépôts.These techniques, costly in terms of implementation time and, for some, in cleaning product, do not guarantee perfect cleaning of surfaces covered with deposits.
En effet, certains endroits des structures ou des pièces à nettoyer restent inaccessibles au jet de la matière granuleuse de nettoyage par impact ou du fluide sous pression. Par ailleurs, ces techniques ne garantissent pas le nettoyage en totalité de la surface à nettoyer, leur action étant difficile à limiter à la seule couche de saleté. Enfin, les techniques utilisant un produit de nettoyage à activité chimique sous la forme liquide ou pulvérulente augmentent considérablement les quantités finales de déchets, souvent très polluants. Il est nécessaire de les collecter et de les traiter avant rejet, ce qui augmente d'autant les coûts de mise en oeuvre.In fact, certain places of the structures or parts to be cleaned remain inaccessible to the jet of the granular impact cleaning material or of the pressurized fluid. Furthermore, these techniques do not guarantee that the entire surface to be cleaned is cleaned, their action being difficult to limit to the single layer of dirt. Finally, techniques using a cleaning product with chemical activity in liquid or pulverulent form considerably increase the final quantities of waste, often very polluting. It is necessary to collect and process them before rejection, which increases the implementation costs accordingly.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un procédé de décrassage, décapage ou nettoyage de matériaux, supports, structures ou pièces de dépôts solides simples ou incrustés d'une consistance différente de celle du support.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a process for scouring, pickling or cleaning materials, supports, structures or parts of simple or encrusted solid deposits of a consistency different from that of the support.
Ce procédé consiste à communiquer des vibrations mécaniques entretenues à la couche ou au dépôt de matières parasites recouvrant, au moins partiellement, les surfaces des matériaux ou supports à nettoyer. Sous l'effet de ces vibrations, la couche ou le dépôt polluant se trouve fragmenté et détaché ou décollé de la surface des matériaux ou supports à nettoyer puis réduit en poudre ou finement divisé.This process consists in imparting sustained mechanical vibrations to the layer or to the deposit of parasitic materials covering, at least partially, the surfaces of the materials or supports to be cleaned. Under the effect of these vibrations, the polluting layer or deposit is fragmented and detached or detached from the surface of the materials or supports to be cleaned and then reduced to powder or finely divided.
On utilise plusieurs fréquences d'une certaine largeur de bande, fixes ou variables successivement ou simultanément qui produisent des effets différents : fragmentation, désolidarisation, désagrégation puis micronisation et transport des dépôts.Several frequencies of a certain bandwidth are used, fixed or variable successively or simultaneously which produce different effects: fragmentation, decoupling, disaggregation then micronization and transport of deposits.
Le procédé selon la présente invention ne nécessite aucun produit additionnel du type, par exemple, matière pulvérulente ou acide. Il est donc simple, peu coûteux à mettre en oeuvre et non polluant dans sa mise en oeuvre. La pollution se limite aux seuls déchets produits provenant de la couche décollée des dépôts pouvant être ultérieurement réduite en poudre pour extraction du milieu où ils se trouvent.The process according to the present invention does not require any additional product of the type, for example, pulverulent or acidic material. It is therefore simple, inexpensive to implement and non-polluting in its implementation. The pollution is limited to the only waste produced from the peeled-off layer of the deposits, which can subsequently be reduced to powder for extraction from the environment in which they are found.
Selon une des caractéristiques essentielles de l'invention, la ou les fréquences des vibrations mécaniques est ou sont adaptée (s) à la nature physico¬ chimique des dépôts à enlever, en relation directe avec la fréquence de résonance de la liaison dépôts-support située à l'intérieur du spectre d'absorption de la (ou des) matière(s) polluante(s) formant la couche superficielle à éliminer sur la surface du matériau ou du support à nettoyer.According to one of the essential characteristics of the invention, the frequency or frequencies of mechanical vibrations is or are adapted to the physico-chemical nature of the deposits to be removed, in direct relation to the resonance frequency of the deposit-support link located inside the absorption spectrum of the polluting material (s) forming the layer surface to be removed on the surface of the material or support to be cleaned.
Les fréquences propres des dépôts polluants et de la liaison couche-support étant généralement très différentes de celles des matériaux, supports, structures ou pièces à nettoyer, ceux-ci ne sont que faiblement excités, en tout cas à des niveaux de vibrations très inférieurs à leurs limites d'élasticité et de résistance mécanique à la rupture pour éliminer tout risque d'endommager le matériau ou le support.The natural frequencies of pollutant deposits and of the layer-support connection being generally very different from those of the materials, supports, structures or parts to be cleaned, these are only weakly excited, in any case at vibration levels much lower than their limits of elasticity and mechanical resistance to rupture to eliminate any risk of damaging the material or the support.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre d'un exemple non limitatif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon 1•invention en référence au dessin accompagnant dans lequel :Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of a nonlimiting example of implementation of the method according to 1 • invention with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:
. la figure 1 est une vue schématique du dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention comprenant un générateur de fréquences relié à un générateur d'oscillations mécaniques dont le transmetteur est solidaire de la pièce à nettoyer ;. Figure 1 is a schematic view of the device for implementing the method according to the invention comprising a frequency generator connected to a generator of mechanical oscillations whose transmitter is integral with the part to be cleaned;
. la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention appliqué au nettoyage d'un chemisage en inox d'une cheminée ; . la figure 3 est une vue en perspective du même dispositif appliqué au nettoyage d'un ensemble échangeur-brûleur ; . la figure 4 est le schéma-bloc du dispositif avec boucle de retour prenant en compte la réponse de la structure.. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the device for implementing the method according to the invention applied to the cleaning of a stainless steel lining of a chimney; . Figure 3 is a perspective view of the same device applied to the cleaning of an exchanger-burner assembly; . Figure 4 is the block diagram of the device with feedback loop taking into account the response of the structure.
Une forme de réalisation particulière et non limitative du dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention est représentée sur la figure 1.A particular and non-limiting embodiment of the device for implementing the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1.
Un générateur d'un signal d'excitation qui est un générateur de fréquences 1, commande, le cas échéant après amplification du signal, un générateur d'oscillations mécaniques ou générateur de vibrations 2 du type, par exemple, électromécanique, apte à transformer le signal électrique d'excitation, de préférence périodique, provenant du générateur de fréquences 1 en vibrations mécaniques. Le générateur de vibrations 2 est à son tour solidaire ou relié de façon mécaniquement rigide à un matériau ou support à nettoyer 3 recouvert d'une couche superficielle solide 4 de matières polluantes au moyen d'un applicateur ou d'un transmetteur 5, par exemple une tige métallique rigide 6. Le transmetteur est solidaire par l'une de ses extrémités 7 d'un moyen d*actionnement mécanique oscillant 8 propre au générateur de vibrations 2 et fixé ou solidarisé ou en contact mécanique de transmission par son autre extrémité 9 avec la surface du matériau ou support à nettoyer 3. On peut citer par exemple un contact direct par aimant.A generator of an excitation signal which is a frequency generator 1, controls, if necessary after amplification of the signal, a generator of mechanical oscillations or generator of vibrations 2 of the electromechanical type, for example, capable of transforming the electrical excitation signal, preferably periodic, coming from the frequency generator 1 into mechanical vibrations. The vibration generator 2 is in turn integral or mechanically rigidly connected to a material or support to be cleaned 3 covered with a solid surface layer 4 of pollutants by means of an applicator or a transmitter 5, for example a rigid metal rod 6. The transmitter is secured by one of its ends 7 to an oscillating mechanical actuation means 8 specific to the vibration generator 2 and fixed or secured or in mechanical transmission contact by its other end 9 with the surface of the material or support to be cleaned 3. Mention may be made, for example, of direct contact by magnet.
L'extrémité de la tige métallique rigide 6 de 1'applicateur ou du transmetteur peut aussi être amenée en contact mécanique direct ou fixée directement, par exemple sur une structure mécanique telle qu'une chemise en inox 10 d'une cheminée 11 (figure 2) ou bien encore sur une conduite de fluide 12 d'un ensemble échangeur-brûleur 13 (figure 3) ou sur toute autre structure ou pièce à nettoyer.The end of the rigid metal rod 6 of the applicator or the transmitter can also be brought into direct mechanical contact or fixed directly, for example on a mechanical structure such as a stainless steel jacket 10 of a chimney 11 (FIG. 2 ) or else on a fluid line 12 of an exchanger-burner assembly 13 (FIG. 3) or on any other structure or part to be cleaned.
Le moyen d'actionnement mécanique 8 du générateur de vibrations 2 oscille entre deux positions extrêmes et opposées symétriques par rapport à une position de repos, à une ou plusieurs fréquence(s) déterminée(s) par le signal d'excitation produit par le générateur de fréquences 1.The mechanical actuation means 8 of the vibration generator 2 oscillates between two extreme and opposite positions which are symmetrical with respect to a rest position, at one or more frequency (s) determined by the excitation signal produced by the generator of frequencies 1.
La tige métallique rigide, ou applicateur, ou transmetteur 6, transmet ensuite le mouvement vibratoire entretenu du moyen d'actionnement mécanique 8 à un endroit de la couche 4 des dépôts polluants ou des matières incrustées puis à toute la couche à travers le matériau, support ou pièce à nettoyer 3. Sous l'effet de ces vibrations à la fréquence appropriée, la couche 4 de dépôts polluants ou de matières incrustées se décolle puis se détache de la surface du matériau ou support 3 et se désagrège en parties, selon le cas finement divisées, qui s'évacuent par gravité ou que l'on peut ensuite retirer, par exemple par aspiration.The rigid metal rod, or applicator, or transmitter 6, then transmits the vibratory movement maintained by the mechanical actuation means 8 at a place in the layer 4 of pollutant deposits or of encrusted materials and then to the entire layer through the material, support or room to be cleaned 3. Under the effect of these vibrations at the appropriate frequency, the layer 4 of polluting deposits or of encrusted materials peels off then detaches from the surface of the material or support 3 and breaks up into parts, as the case may be finely divided, which evacuated by gravity or which can then be removed, for example by suction.
On peut envisager un support continu ou constitué de la succession de plusieurs supports transmetteurs de vibrations en contact direct de transmission l'un avec l'autre.We can consider a continuous support or consisting of the succession of several vibration transmitting supports in direct transmission contact with each other.
En outre, comme indiqué, les vibrations mécaniques se propageant dans la totalité de la structure mécanique de l'ensemble à nettoyer, le nettoyage concerne toutes les surfaces recouvertes. Les vibrations atteignent tous les endroits de la structure. Le procédé est donc également efficace sur les faces arrière ou intérieures, c'est-à-dire cachées et souvent inaccessibles. La fréquence du signal d'excitation du générateur 1 sera de préférence réglable sur une gamme étendue de valeurs, comprises entre 10 Hz et 20 kHz, mais de préférence entre 10 Hz et 15 kHz pour couvrir toutes les applications. Dans un vaste domaine d'applications, les fréquences utiles se situent entre 100 Hz et 2000 Hz.In addition, as indicated, the mechanical vibrations propagating throughout the mechanical structure of the assembly to be cleaned, the cleaning concerns all the covered surfaces. The vibrations reach all parts of the structure. The process is therefore also effective on the rear or interior faces, that is to say hidden and often inaccessible. The frequency of the excitation signal from generator 1 will preferably be adjustable over a wide range of values, between 10 Hz and 20 kHz, but preferably between 10 Hz and 15 kHz to cover all applications. In a wide range of applications, the useful frequencies are between 100 Hz and 2000 Hz.
A cette fin, le générateur de fréquences 1 peut être équipé de deux filtres passe-bas et passe- haut dont les fréquences de coupure respectives correspondent aux limites inférieure et supérieure de l'intervalle recherché.To this end, the frequency generator 1 can be equipped with two low-pass and high-pass filters, the respective cut-off frequencies of which correspond to the lower and upper limits of the sought interval.
La ou les fréquences utilisée(s) sont essentiellement variables, c'est-à-dire différentes d'une application à une autre. Le type de structure ou de support ainsi que la nature et les caractéristiques physico-chimiques des dépôts conditionnent le choix de la ou des fréquences à utiliser. Après la détermination de la ou des fréquences, on la ou les appliquera successivement ou simultanément.The frequency or frequencies used are essentially variable, that is to say different from one application to another. The type of structure or support as well as the nature and the physico-chemical characteristics of the deposits condition the choice of the frequency or frequencies to be used. After determining the frequency (s), it will be applied successively or simultaneously.
De façon générale, une des fréquences au moins est identique à, ou voisine de, la fréquence de résonance de la liaison dépôt-support. Il s'agit de la fréquence de désolidarisation Fd constituant le premier résultat à obtenir.In general, at least one of the frequencies is identical to, or close to, the resonance frequency of the deposit-support link. This is the separation frequency Fd constituting the first result to be obtained.
Plusieurs autres fréquences sont utiles, pour les phases ultérieures. Elles diffèrent selon le type et la nature du dépôt à éliminer.Several other frequencies are useful for later phases. They differ according to the type and nature of the deposit to be removed.
Elles correspondent à des effets différents constituant la suite logique du traitement conforme au procédé selon l'invention : Ff : fragmentationThey correspond to different effects constituting the logical continuation of the treatment in accordance with the method according to the invention: Ff: fragmentation
Fg : désagrégationFg: disaggregation
Fm : micronisationFm: micronization
Ft : transport des dépôts auxquelles vient s'ajouter obligatoirement Fd la fréquence de désolidarisation qui constitue la première phase ou la deuxième après la fragmentation.Ft: transport of deposits to which Fd must be added the frequency of separation which constitutes the first phase or the second after the fragmentation.
Ces fréquences dépendent du type de support et des caractéristiques des dépôts à éliminer.These frequencies depend on the type of support and the characteristics of the deposits to be removed.
Leur valeur est caractéristique de l'application réalisée. On les déterminera de façon manuelle ou automatique.Their value is characteristic of the application carried out. They will be determined manually or automatically.
Ces fréquences sont appliquées successivement ou simultanément. Elles ne sont pas obligatoirement pures. Elles correspondent à chaque fois, pour chaque phase et pour chaque travail, à une fréquence de résonance d'un milieu, d'un état physique des dépôts ou d'une liaison.These frequencies are applied successively or simultaneously. They are not necessarily pure. They correspond each time, for each phase and for each work, to a resonance frequency of a medium, of a physical state of the deposits or of a bond.
Par ailleurs, le signal peut être modulé en amplitude en fonction de la fréquence appliquée, par exemple plus ou moins fort selon sa fréquence.Furthermore, the signal can be amplitude-modulated as a function of the frequency applied, for example more or less strong depending on its frequency.
Il peut être également modulé en amplitude en fonction de la réponse de la structure par un dispositif électronique approprié à boucle de retour, comme celui représenté sur la figure 4.It can also be amplitude modulated by function of the response of the structure by an electronic device suitable for feedback loop, like that represented in FIG. 4.
A cet effet, un capteur 14, par exemple du type accéléro ètre, permettra de déterminer un signal de retour représentant la réponse de la structure de support. L'excitation pourra alors être modifiée lorsque la structure répondra le mieux.To this end, a sensor 14, for example of the accelerometer type, will make it possible to determine a return signal representing the response of the support structure. The excitement can then be changed when the structure responds best.
L'excitation pourra également être modifiée de manière à garder le niveau des vibrations constant sur toute la gamme des fréquences utiles.The excitation can also be modified so as to keep the level of vibrations constant over the whole range of useful frequencies.
Ce dernier mode de fonctionnement est souhaitable dans le cas où la gamme des fréquences de travail se situe dans la zone de fréquence propre du support ou de la structure.This latter mode of operation is desirable in the case where the range of working frequencies is located in the natural frequency zone of the support or of the structure.
Il est également souhaitable dans le cas de structures soumises à d'autres sources de vibrations directes ou indirectes par exemple : turbine, ventilateur, brûleur... Le montage comprendra outre les générateurs ci-dessus, le capteur 14 en contact avec la structure et un bloc de modulation d'amplitude 15 dont la loi permettra d'amoindrir ou de neutraliser les pics de résonance ou d1antirésonance. Le bloc de modulation 15 est placé entre le générateur 1 et le capteur 14.It is also desirable in the case of structures subjected to other sources of direct or indirect vibrations for example: turbine, fan, burner, etc. The assembly will include, in addition to the above generators, the sensor 14 in contact with the structure and an amplitude modulation unit 15 whose law will lessen or neutralize the peaks of resonance or antiresonance 1. The modulation block 15 is placed between the generator 1 and the sensor 14.
Il faut remarquer que l'énergie nécessaire à 1'enlèvement des dépôts courants ne génère que des déplacements faibles de la structure, de l'ordre de quelques microns, induisant des contraintes très inférieures à la contrainte maximale admissible en fatigue pour un matériau ou un support donné.It should be noted that the energy necessary for the removal of current deposits generates only small displacements of the structure, of the order of a few microns, inducing stresses much lower than the maximum admissible stress in fatigue for a material or a support given.
Le procédé selon l'invention se déroule de la façon suivante.The process according to the invention takes place as follows.
On détermine manuellement la fréquence Fd de désolidarisation et les autres fréquences actives par des essais successifs ou par la connaissance de celles- ci liée à la nature des dépôts ou par une séquence d'approche.The decoupling frequency Fd and the other active frequencies are determined manually by successive tests or by knowledge thereof linked to the nature of the deposits or by a sequence approach.
On applique successivement les fréquences actives des différentes phases l'une après l'autre ou simplement l'une ou l'autre d'entre elles, selon le travail demandé, la nature des dépôts à enlever et la configuration géométrique de la structure.The active frequencies of the different phases are applied successively one after the other or simply one or the other of them, depending on the work required, the nature of the deposits to be removed and the geometric configuration of the structure.
On peut balayer en fréquences autour de chacune des fréquences de travail selon une amplitude en fréquence de quelques Hz. On peut utiliser des bandes ou des spectres de fréquence de faible largueur.We can scan in frequencies around each of the working frequencies according to a frequency amplitude of a few Hz. We can use bands or frequency spectra of small width.
On peut également appliquer toutes les fréquences simultanément sur une bande plus large formée d'une succession de pics correspondant aux fréquences de travail.It is also possible to apply all the frequencies simultaneously to a wider band formed by a succession of peaks corresponding to the working frequencies.
Exemples d'utilisation du procédéExamples of use of the process
Exemple n° 1 : On nettoie le faisceau tubulaire de l'échangeur d'une chaudière de chauffage de 10500 thermies, brûlant du charbon lorrain.Example n ° 1: The tube bundle of the exchanger of a heating boiler of 10,500 therms, burning Lorraine coal is cleaned.
On utilise quatre fréquences ou quatre bandes de fréquences de largeurs respectives de 10 Hz, 5 Hz, 5 Hz et 3 Hz. Chacune des bandes de fréquence est balayée successivement ou simultanément.Four frequencies or four frequency bands of respective widths of 10 Hz, 5 Hz, 5 Hz and 3 Hz are used. Each of the frequency bands is scanned successively or simultaneously.
Exemple n° 2 :Example 2:
Pour un faisceau tubulaire d'une chaudière utilisant comme combustible du charbon sud-africain présentant des dépôts d'une épaisseur moyenne de 2,5 cm, on utilise les fréquences suivantes :For a tube bundle of a boiler using South African coal as fuel with deposits with an average thickness of 2.5 cm, the following frequencies are used:
Ff = 125 HzFf = 125 Hz
Fd = 314 Hz Fm = 657 HZ permettant de le débarrasser entièrement des dépôts.Fd = 314 Hz Fm = 657 HZ allowing it to be completely rid of deposits.
Selon le type d'applications, les fréquences ne sont pas toutes utilisées. Ainsi, dans l'exemple n° 2 ci-dessus, il est inutile d'appliquer une fréquence de transport car les dépôts s'évacuent par gravité.Depending on the type of application, the frequencies are not all used. Thus, in example n ° 2 above, it is useless to apply a transport frequency because the deposits are evacuated by gravity.
Il faut repréciser ici que le travail de nettoyage s'effectue sans fatigue pour la structure qui ne subit que de faibles déplacements.It should be noted here that the cleaning work is carried out without fatigue for the structure which only undergoes slight displacements.
Ainsi, la fréquence du signal d'excitation fourni par le générateur de fréquences 1 pourra être réglée de telle sorte que la fréquence des vibrations mécaniques induites par le générateur de vibrations mécaniques 2 se situe à l'intérieur du spectre d'absorption de la couche ou du dépôt 4 des matières parasites à éliminer. De préférence, la fréquence du signal fourni par le générateur de fréquences 1 sera réglée de telle sorte que la fréquence des vibrations mécaniques correspondant à la désolidarisation soit sensiblement égale à, ou recouvre, la fréquence propre de la liaison couche-support.Thus, the frequency of the excitation signal supplied by the frequency generator 1 can be adjusted so that the frequency of the mechanical vibrations induced by the mechanical vibration generator 2 is located within the absorption spectrum of the layer. or deposit 4 of the parasitic materials to be eliminated. Preferably, the frequency of the signal supplied by the frequency generator 1 will be adjusted so that the frequency of the mechanical vibrations corresponding to the separation is substantially equal to, or covers, the natural frequency of the layer-support link.
Dans ce cas, la couche 4 de dépôts polluants est excitée à la résonance de sa liaison avec le support pour son décollement puis par une autre fréquence pour sa désagrégation puis éventuellement par une nouvelle autre fréquence encore pour son déplacement-évacuation. On est alors assuré que la valeur de la fréquence du signal fourni par le générateur de fréquences 1 est telle que la fréquence des vibrations mécaniques soit toujours différente de la fréquence propre du matériau ou support à nettoyer 3, de telle sorte que celui-ci ne soit que faiblement excité, à des niveaux de vibrations sensiblement inférieurs à ses limites d'élasticité et de résistance mécanique à la rupture. Lorsque cette condition est respectée, le procédé de nettoyage selon l'invention peut être appliqué au matériau ou support 3 le temps nécessaire à l'élimination totale de la couche 4 de dépôts polluants ou matières incrustées, sans risque d'endommager le matériau ou support 3, voire de le détruire.In this case, the layer 4 of polluting deposits is excited at the resonance of its connection with the support for its detachment then by another frequency for its disintegration then possibly by a new yet other frequency for its displacement-evacuation. It is then assured that the value of the frequency of the signal supplied by the frequency generator 1 is such that the frequency of the mechanical vibrations is always different from the natural frequency of the material or support to be cleaned 3, so that the latter does not or only weakly excited, at vibration levels significantly below its limits of elasticity and mechanical resistance to rupture. When this condition is met, the cleaning method according to the invention can be applied to the material or support 3 for the time necessary for the total elimination of the layer 4 of pollutant deposits or encrusted materials, without risk of damaging the material or support 3, or even destroy it.
La fréquence propre de la liaison couche- support peut être déterminée de manière rigoureuse, par une étude de ses caractéristiques physico-chimiques provenant de la nature de ses composés et leurs concentrations relatives. Cette disposition est particulièrement avantageuse lorsque le dispositif selon l'invention est dédié à un matériau ou support 3 particulier, recouvert d'une couche 4 de matières polluantes de nature et de composition constantes.The natural frequency of the layer-support bond can be determined rigorously, by a study of its physicochemical characteristics originating from the nature of its compounds and their relative concentrations. This arrangement is particularly advantageous when the device according to the invention is dedicated to a particular material or support 3, covered with a layer 4 of pollutants of constant nature and composition.
Cette utilisation peut aboutir à la mise en mémoire des réglages correspondant aux différentes fréquences.This use can result in the storage of the settings corresponding to the different frequencies.
Dans le cas où le dispositif selon l'invention est appliqué au nettoyage de matériaux de structures ou de supports différents, la fréquence optimale de nettoyage peut être avantageusement déterminée par approches successives de la fréquence du signal d'excitation produit par le générateur de fréquences 1, tout en observant ou en mesurant le comportement de la couche 4 de dépôts polluants à la surface du matériau ou du support à nettoyer. Lorsque celle-ci se décolle on est assuré que la fréquence des vibrations mécaniques qui lui sont appliquées est égale à, ou proche de, la fréquence propre de la liaison dépôts-support.In the case where the device according to the invention is applied to the cleaning of materials of different structures or supports, the optimal cleaning frequency can advantageously be determined by successive approaches to the frequency of the excitation signal produced by the frequency generator 1 , while observing or measuring the behavior of layer 4 of polluting deposits on the surface of the material or support to be cleaned. When the latter takes off, it is ensured that the frequency of the mechanical vibrations applied to it is equal to, or close to, the natural frequency of the deposit-support link.
Enfin, la fréquence du signal produit par le générateur d'excitations 1 pourra avantageusement être modifiée tout au long du nettoyage du matériau ou support 3, étant donné que la fréquence propre de la couche 4 des dépôts polluants ou de la liaison couche- support varie au fur et à mesure de son élimination et qu'il peut s'avérer nécessaire, pour un nettoyage plus rapide et plus efficace, d'ajuster fréquemment ou en permanence la valeur de la fréquence des vibrations mécaniques.Finally, the frequency of the signal produced by the excitation generator 1 can advantageously be modified throughout the cleaning of the material or support 3, given that the natural frequency of layer 4 of pollutant deposits or of the layer-support connection varies as it is eliminated and it may prove necessary, for faster and more efficient cleaning, to adjust the frequency of mechanical vibrations frequently or permanently.
On peut envisager un dispositif placé en fonctionnement permanent selon des cycles de nettoyage plus ou moins longs et plus ou moins fréquents.We can consider a device placed in permanent operation according to more or less long and more or less frequent cleaning cycles.
Dans ce cas, le dispositif peut présenter un fonctionnement périodique permanent par des phases répétitives qui permettent d'éviter le dépôt des matières ou tout au moins l'évacué instantanément et en continu. In this case, the device can have a permanent periodic operation by repetitive phases which make it possible to avoid the deposition of the materials or at least the evacuated instantaneously and continuously.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de désolidarisation, de réduction et d'évacuation d'un dépôt ou d'une couche (4) sur la surface extérieure d'un matériau, d'un support, d'une pièce ou d'une structure (3) pour le débarrasser des matières parasites adhérentes ou incrustées, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique directement sur la structure à nettoyer (3) au moins une vibration mécanique entretenue dont la fréquence est située entre 10 Hz et 15 KHz, différente de la fréquence propre du support ou de la structure à nettoyer (3) , en relation avec la fréquence propre de la liaison couche-support et dont les niveaux de vibrations mécaniques sont inférieurs aux limites d'élasticité et de résistance mécanique à la rupture de la structure à nettoyer.1. Method for separating, reducing and removing a deposit or a layer (4) on the external surface of a material, a support, a part or a structure (3) to rid it of adherent or encrusted parasitic materials, characterized in that at least one maintained mechanical vibration whose frequency is between 10 Hz and 15 KHz, different from the natural frequency, is applied directly to the structure to be cleaned (3) of the support or structure to be cleaned (3), in relation to the natural frequency of the layer-support connection and whose levels of mechanical vibration are below the limits of elasticity and mechanical resistance to rupture of the structure to be cleaned .
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de la vibration mécanique est comprise à l'intérieur du spectre d'absorption de la liaison couche-support de matières parasites à éliminer.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency of the mechanical vibration is included within the absorption spectrum of the layer-support bond of parasitic materials to be eliminated.
3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de la vibration mécanique est située entre 100 Hz et 2000 Hz.3. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency of the mechanical vibration is between 100 Hz and 2000 Hz.
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de la vibration mécanique est égale à la fréquence de résonance de la liaison couche-support de matières polluantes à éliminer.4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency of the mechanical vibration is equal to the resonance frequency of the layer-support connection of pollutants to be eliminated.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de la vibration mécanique est ajustée sur celle de la fréquence propre instantanée de la liaison couche-support de matières polluantes au fur et à mesure de son élimination.5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency of the mechanical vibration is adjusted to that of the instantaneous natural frequency of the layer-support connection of pollutants as and when it is eliminated.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique successivement au moins deux des fréquences suivantes :6. Method according to any one of previous claims, characterized in that at least two of the following frequencies are successively applied:
Ff : fragmentation Fd : désolidarisationFf: fragmentation Fd: decoupling
Fg : désagrégationFg: disaggregation
Fm : micronisationFm: micronization
Ft : transport des dépôtsFt: transport of deposits
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique simultanément au moins deux des fréquences suivantes :7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the following frequencies are applied simultaneously:
Ff : fragmentationFf: fragmentation
Fd : désolidarisation Fg : désagrégationFd: decoupling Fg: disaggregation
Fm : micronisationFm: micronization
Ft : transport des dépôtsFt: transport of deposits
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence Fd est la fréquence de résonnance de la liaison couche-support.8. Method according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the frequency Fd is the resonance frequency of the layer-support link.
9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on modifie l'amplitude du signal d'excitation en fonction de la fréquence à partir de la réponse à l'excitation de la structure à nettoyer.9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amplitude of the excitation signal is modified as a function of the frequency from the response to the excitation of the structure to be cleaned.
10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on entretient un régime continu périodique de vibrations dans lequel pour chaque période on balaie l'ensemble des fréquences utiles.10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a periodic continuous regime of vibrations is maintained in which for each period the whole of the useful frequencies is scanned.
11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'on balaie en fréquence autour de la fréquence appliquée avec une amplitude en fréquence de quelques Hertz.11. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the frequency is swept around the applied frequency with a frequency amplitude of a few Hertz.
12. Dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un générateur de vibrations mécaniques (2) alimenté par un générateur de signal d'excitation (1), le moyen d'actionnement mécanique (8) du générateur de vibrations (2) étant en contact ou relié à la pièce à nettoyer (3) au moyen d'un transmetteur (5) .12. Device for implementing the method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a mechanical vibration generator (2) supplied by an excitation signal generator (1), the mechanical actuation means (8) of the vibration generator (2) being in contact or connected to the part to be cleaned (3) by means of a transmitter (5).
13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le transmetteur (5) est une tige métallique rigide (6) . 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the transmitter (5) is a rigid metal rod (6).
14. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif est complété par un modulateur d'amplitude en fonction de la fréquence d'excitation ou du signal de réponse à l'excitation de la structure à nettoyer. 14. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the device is completed by an amplitude modulator as a function of the excitation frequency or of the response signal to the excitation of the structure to be cleaned.
15. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'une boucle électronique comprenant en série un capteur (14) et un modulateur d'amplitude (15) relie le générateur d'excitation et le support (3) avec lequel est en contact le capteur (14) . 15. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that an electronic loop comprising in series a sensor (14) and an amplitude modulator (15) connects the excitation generator and the support (3) with which is in contact the sensor (14).
PCT/FR1995/001367 1994-10-17 1995-10-17 Method for removing solid deposits from an object by means of mechanical vibration WO1996011755A1 (en)

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AU38075/95A AU3807595A (en) 1994-10-17 1995-10-17 Method for removing solid deposits from an object by means of mechanical vibration
EP95935973A EP0734291A1 (en) 1994-10-17 1995-10-17 Method for removing solid deposits from an object by means of mechanical vibration

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FR9412509A FR2725642B1 (en) 1994-10-17 1994-10-17 METHOD OF CLEANING BY MAINTAINED MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF A MATERIAL COVERED WITH A LAYER OF PARASITIC MATERIALS
FR94/12509 1994-10-17

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US8393051B2 (en) 2006-07-03 2013-03-12 Dyanergie Method and device for cleaning the water trickling surfaces in an air/water heat exchanger
DE102009056519A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-09 Grob-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for removing impurities in fracture surface of component, e.g. connecting rod, comprises vibration generator for vibrating arm that vibrates component piece, where fracture separated component has two component pieces
CN110354593A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-10-22 三一重机有限公司 A kind of automatically cleaning dust-extraction unit and vehicle
CN114786932A (en) * 2019-12-11 2022-07-22 米其林集团总公司 Method for separating elastomer particles
CN114786932B (en) * 2019-12-11 2023-10-24 米其林集团总公司 Method for separating elastomer particles

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FR2725642B1 (en) 1997-01-17
FR2725642A1 (en) 1996-04-19
AU3807595A (en) 1996-05-06
EP0734291A1 (en) 1996-10-02
CA2179021A1 (en) 1996-04-25

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