WO1996010906A1 - Conteneur anti-fuite et reservoir d'eau - Google Patents

Conteneur anti-fuite et reservoir d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996010906A1
WO1996010906A1 PCT/US1995/013348 US9513348W WO9610906A1 WO 1996010906 A1 WO1996010906 A1 WO 1996010906A1 US 9513348 W US9513348 W US 9513348W WO 9610906 A1 WO9610906 A1 WO 9610906A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
enclosure
liquid
entrant structure
side wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/013348
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard S. Peacock
Joe L. Peacock
Original Assignee
Peacock Richard S
Peacock Joe L
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/321,258 external-priority patent/US5491929A/en
Application filed by Peacock Richard S, Peacock Joe L filed Critical Peacock Richard S
Priority to AU39592/95A priority Critical patent/AU3959295A/en
Publication of WO1996010906A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996010906A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/04—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots using wicks or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a watering container for the transportation and maintenance of plants, and in its preferred embodiments more specifically relates to a leak-resistant water reservoir for transporting and maintaining live plants in a container that retains a substantial quantity of water regardless of the orientation of the reservoir.
  • a plant grown in a pot with a substantial volume of soil can readily sustain itself for an extended period of time during transportation and after reaching its destination if ample water is applied to the soil within the pot before shipment.
  • the soil will absorb moisture and store it for use by the plant.
  • the problem of providing water is particularly acute with miniature plants and pots, where the pot diameter is in the range of five centimeters or less. If water is to be provided during transportation, it is necessary to either add water from an outside source or provide a reservoir of free water stored with the pot and plant during transportation.
  • Containers that provide a water reservoir for plants, with and without separate pots, are known in the prior art, and several examples are noted below.
  • water in the reservoir is not in direct contact with the plant or soil in which the plant is grown, but is provided through a wick.
  • the wick formed of a hydrophilic material, is placed with one end in the soil and the other end in the water, and provides a slow, steady supply of water to the soil.
  • the previously known container and reservoir designs perform without significant problems, but are subject to severe problems during transportation.
  • U.S. Patent 3,738,060 discloses a Plant Support with Watering Tube Spiralling Therearound which uses a reservoir located below a flower pot to supply water to an electric driven pump. The pump forces water up a tube which spirals around a central stake about which the plant is meant to grow. The pump requires electric power which makes this concept unsuitable for transportation. Additionally, the concept is impractical and inappropriate for miniature plants and no attempt has been made to prevent spillage from the reservoir.
  • U. S. Patent 4,219,967 discloses a Flower Pot Watering Apparatus which also utilizes a reservoir located under the pot. This system, designed for the end-user, places the flower pot on top of a fabric wick which draws water from an open reservoir. If the device is tilted to one side, the pot will fall off of the reservoir and water will spill from the reservoir. Thus, no provision is made for retaining water in the reservoir in any orientation other than upright, and the particular needs associated with transportation are not addressed at all.
  • U.S. Patent 4,903,432 discloses an Autoclavable Reusable, Sterile Plant Growth System and Method which, once more, uses a reservoir located underneath the flower pot.
  • This apparatus is designed for laboratory use and is not concerned with the retail market's end-user.
  • the device is designed to totally seal which makes it difficult to water, and is very complex.
  • U.S. Patent 4,858,381 discloses a two part reservoir system with a closed bottom section designed to receive cut flowers in the upper section of the apparatus.
  • a piece of floral foam is placed in the upper section in which the cut flower stems are placed.
  • the closed bottom section has two slots through which a wick passes into the lower reservoir in order to draw water into the upper section to be received by the foam.
  • the closed bottom stops the foam from falling into the water reservoir and serves to help retain water within the reservoir.
  • the container allows a person to move the cut flowers from one point to another over a limited distance without spilling water. However, if this container is significantly tipped or inverted, water will spill from the container.
  • U.S. Patent 4,996,792 discloses a watering container with a bevelled opening in the top wall to receive a miniature pot.
  • the container is designed so that the top section can be easily removed for addition of water to the lower section.
  • the concept works well when maintained in an upright orientation, but will readily allow complete water loss if tipped or inverted.
  • U.S. Patent 5,282,335 discloses a self-watering dish garden container for plants, which does provide a water reservoir in a lower container.
  • the container is divided into upper and lower separable parts, and includes a planting tray, with a closed bottom, and other structures which nest in the upper portion of the container. While well suited to its purpose, when maintained in an upright orientation, the container design allows complete loss of water if the reservoir is significantly tipped or inverted, and is thus ineffective in retaining water under those conditions. Disclosure Of The Invention
  • the present invention provides an open leak-resistant water reservoir and container for plants, that will retain and maintain a substantial volume of water regardless of the orientation in which the container is placed.
  • the reservoir and container of the invention comprises a unitary structure with two component elements, a hollow enclosure, with a top opening, to hold and retain a quantity of water, and an open-ended re-entrant structure extending into the interior of the enclosure from the top and around the top opening.
  • the re-entrant structure is configured to receive and frictionally retain a flower pot.
  • the enclosure has a side wall, a closed bottom, and a top.
  • the top includes a central opening or aperture, generally coaxially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the enclosure, as the only opening to the interior of the enclosure through which water may enter or exit.
  • the re-entrant structure has a side wall and is open at both ends and hollow through its interior.
  • the re-entrant structure is connected to the inner surface of the top of the enclosure around the top opening and extends into the interior of the enclosure toward the enclosure bottom so as to form an open passageway between the exterior and interior of the enclosure, with the opening of the passageway disposed in the interior of the enclosure at the inner end of the re ⁇ entrant structure.
  • the re-entrant structure is smaller in cross-sectional dimension than the enclosure, so that a space, i.e., a volume, remains between the side wall of the enclosure and the side wall of the re-entrant structure.
  • the re-entrant structure is configured and dimensioned to receive and retain a plant pot so that a portion of the pot extends into the interior of the enclosure, surrounded by the side wall of the re-entrant structure.
  • Plant pots are typically constructed in an inverted frusto-conical configuration with a rim or flange at the top edge, though other configurations are occasionally used, and the re-entrant structure is accordingly preferably formed in an inverted frusto-conical configuration to match that common pot design.
  • the outer surface of the pot below the rim is received in close fitting relation against the inner surface of the side wall of the re-entrant structure when the pot is inserted, with the rim of the pot received against the outer surface of the top of the enclosure, thereby frictionally retaining the pot in the container. Since the majority of the pot wall surface is in contact with the re-entrant structure, the pot is securely retained when fully inserted, but is nevertheless easily removed and replaced.
  • a water supplying wick is typically inserted into the soil contained in a pot through a drain hole in the bottom wall of the pot, to draw water into the soil when the opposite end of the wick is immersed in water.
  • the wick can readily extend from the bottom of the pot toward the bottom of the enclosure and it is unnecessary for the wick to be fed through a small opening or through a convoluted path to reach the water reservoir in the container.
  • Water is placed in the container of the invention through the re-entrant structure, the only passageway to the interior of the enclosure.
  • a certain volume of water placed in the container cannot escape from the interior of the enclosure and will always be retained in that interior.
  • the container is tipped from vertical to a horizontal orientation, only water above a horizontal plane (imaginary) intersecting the lowest point of the inner end of the re-entrant structure may exit the container; the water below that plane is confined by the bottom, top, and side wall of the enclosure and the portion of the side wall of the re-entrant structure below that plane and has no exit path.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectioned elevation view of the preferred embodiment of the invention, with a quantity of liquid therein, showing a pot in place in the re-entrant structure, and showing a wick.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectioned elevation view of the preferred embodiment of the invention, as in Figure 1 , without pot and wick.
  • Figure 3 is a top plan view of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectioned side view of the preferred embodiment of the invention in a tipped orientation, showing a quantity of liquid retained in the interior thereof.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectioned side view of the preferred embodiment of the invention in a further tipped orientation, showing a quantity of liquid retained in the interior thereof.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectioned side view of the preferred embodiment of the invention in an inverted orientation, showing a quantity of liquid retained in the interior thereof.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectioned elevation view of a first alternative embodiment of the invention, showing a quantity of liquid in the interior thereof.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectioned elevation view of a second alternative embodiment of the invention, showing a quantity of liquid in the interior thereof.
  • the preferred embodiment of the container of the invention generally comprises an enclosure 11 and a re-entrant structure 12.
  • Enclosure 11 includes a side wall 13, a bottom 14, interconnected at its periphery to the lower end of side wall 13 in liquid tight relation, and a top 15, interconnected at its periphery to the upper end of side wall 13 in liquid tight relation.
  • Top 15 is penetrated by a central aperture 16, which is coaxially aligned with the longitudinal axis of enclosure 11.
  • Re-entrant structure 12 is preferably an open ended hollow body, formed and defined by side wall 17, which has an upper end 18 and a lower end 19.
  • the re-entrant structure is disposed in the interior of the enclosure, with upper end 18 of its side wall aligned with and extending around the periphery of aperture 16, and interconnected to top 15 of enclosure 11 in liquid tight relation.
  • Re-entrant structure 12, in conjunction with aperture 16, provides an open passageway between the exterior and the interior of the container.
  • the container is a unitary construction with no separable joints, penetrations, or passageways other than aperture 16 and re-entrant structure 12 surrounding the aperture.
  • the container is formed in two parts which are joined, and preferably permanently bonded, during manufacturing to provide a liquid tight connection.
  • the enclosure bottom and a portion of the side wall is formed as one part, the top, re-entrant structure, and remaining portion of the enclosure sidewall are formed as a second part, and the two parts are joined at joint 20. Since joint 20 is formed as a permanent bond, the joint may be placed at any position along the enclosure side wall.
  • the enclosure bottom and complete side wall may be formed as one part, with the enclosure top and the re-entrant structure formed as the second part.
  • the container may also be formed with the enclosure side wall, top, and re-entrant structure as one part and the enclosure bottom as the second part. Neither the location of joint 20 nor the particular technique used to form a water-tight joint are significant to the invention, and any effective part design and joining technique may be used.
  • the container of the invention is adapted and particularly suited to retain a substantial quantity of water for watering a plant growing in a pot nested into re-entrant structure 12.
  • a typical use of the container is illustrated in Figure 1 , which shows a pot 1 in place in the re-entrant structure.
  • a quantity of water 2 is contained within the enclosure of the container as a water reserve for the plant, and a wick 3 is shown extending between pot 1 and the water reserve. So long as a water reserve is available, water is drawn up the wick and into soil (not shown) contained in the pot to sustain a plant (not shown) growing in the soil. If no water is available to the wick, the soil will dry and the plant will suffer at least some degree of stress, potentially resulting in death of the plant.
  • the pot illustrated in Figure 1 is typical of the pots with which it is contemplated that the preferred embodiment of the invention will be used.
  • Such pots include a wall with an offset rim at the upper end, extending outward to form an annular flange under the rim.
  • the pot is placed in the container with the pot wall in contact with the side wall 17 of the re-entrant structure and the pot flange resting upon top 15 of enclosure 11.
  • the configuration and dimensions of re-entrant structure 12 are determined to match the configuration and dimensions of the pot to be received therein, so that a closely mated fit between the pot and the re-entrant structure is achieved.
  • the pot Because of the substantial area of contact between the pot and the re-entrant structure, the pot is securely retained without the need for additional retaining means, and yet may be readily and easily removed from the container.
  • the secure retention of a pot in the re-entrant structure is a significant advantage provided by the invention over the prior art.
  • re-entrant structure 12 also be of frusto-conical configuration. It should be noted, however, that the configuration of the re-entrant structure is not limited to frusto-conical, and other configurations may be utilized, to match other plant pot configurations or if the container is to used without a plant pot. Any selected configuration should, however, provide for the retention of a substantial quantity of liquid, as discussed below.
  • the enclosure is cylindrical in configuration, so that the volume of liquid retained when the container is in a horizontal orientation is not affected by the rotational position of the container.
  • a cylindrical enclosure is certainly not required, and other configurations, such as square, hexagonal, or other polygonal forms may be used. Irregular forms may also be used for the enclosure, and for the re-entrant structure, within the scope of the invention, so long as the enclosure and re-entrant structure forms cooperatively retain a substantial volume of liquid within the interior of the container as its orientation is changed.
  • Figure 1 shows the preferred embodiment of the container in an upright position, with its longitudinal axis oriented vertically, i.e., in alignment with the earth's gravitational field, and with a quantity of water 2, having a surface 4 contained in the enclosure.
  • the water surface defines a horizontal plane perpendicular to the earth's gravitational field.
  • any volume of water that lies above a horizontal plane intersecting the lowest point of the lower end of the re-entrant structure will flow over the end of the re ⁇ entrant structure, along the inner surface of its side wall 17, and exit the container through aperture 16.
  • the volume of water lying below that horizontal plane cannot exit the container and is retained in its interior.
  • the water flows along the top of the enclosure and between the side wall of the enclosure and the side wall of the re-entrant structure.
  • the side wall of the re-entrant structure acts as a dam to prevent the flow of water from the container through aperture 16, so that only water lying above a horizontal plane including the lower end 19 of the re-entrant structure side wall may exit the interior of the container. It is significant that the passageway through the re-entrant structure be the only path through which water may exit the interior of the container, since any other exit path will allow the container to empty.
  • the retention volume a certain volume (the retention volume) of water cannot be emptied from the container through the re-entrant structure passage even when the container is tipped or completely inverted. It can also be understood that the maximum volume of water that will always be retained is the minimum portion of the internal volume of the container lying below a horizontal plane intersecting the lower end 19 of the re-entrant structure side wall 17 as the container is tipped from upright to inverted. For effective utilization of the water retention features of the invention, it is important that the retention volume of water be sufficient to supply the needs of the plant with which the container is used through an appropriate time interval. In general, a retention volume of about ten percent or more of container volume is a substantial volume sufficient to assure availability of sufficient water for a growing plant over a reasonable time period.
  • the proportions of the container and re-entrant structure may be adjusted to maximize the retention volume in proportion to the total internal container volume, if desired, and a retention volume approaching fifty percent of container volume can be achieved.
  • the dimensions and proportions of the container components will be significantly influenced by other factors.
  • the configuration and dimensions of the re-entrant structure be selected to match the configuration and dimensions of the plant pots with which the container of the invention is to be used, and plant pots are commercially produced in certain standard sizes, with standardized configurations and dimensions.
  • the proportions and dimensions of the enclosure are similarly influenced by factors other than maximization of retention volume. For example, shipping cartons for miniature plants are standardized to a degree, and it is preferred that the enclosure component of the invention be proportioned to facilitate use of standard cartons.
  • a specific, but non-limiting, example can be based upon a 2.5 centimeter miniature plant; a typical miniature plant product.
  • Such plants are generally grown in a pot with a top diameter of about 3.8 centimeters measured externally at the extreme top of the pot, a diameter just below the lip of approximately 3.2 centimeters and a bottom diameter of approximately 2.5 centimeters.
  • the overall height is about 2.8 centimeters, and the height from the bottom of the lip, or flange, to the bottom the pot is about 2 centimeters.
  • the dimensions of the aperture in the top of the enclosure and of the re-entrant structure are selected to match the pot, and a frusto-conical configuration is used to match the pot.
  • the diameter of aperture 16 and upper end 18 of the re-entrant structure is about 3.2 centimeters, the diameter of lower end 19 is about 2.5 centimeters, and the distance of extension of the re-entrant structure into the enclosure is about 2 centimeters.
  • Miniature pots are generally shipped in a master carton that holds 36 plants.
  • the bottom of a typical master carton has circular openings of about 5.5 centimeters in diameter, each to receive and hold a container.
  • the corresponding container height is about 5 centimeters.
  • the cross-sectional dimension of upper end 18 of re ⁇ entrant structure 12 is about .625 times the cross-sectional dimension of enclosure 11 at its top 15, and the re-entrant structure extends into the interior of enclosure 11 about .375 times the distance between top 15 and bottom 14 of the enclosure.
  • the cross-sectional dimension of the re-entrant structure at its connection to the top of the enclosure be less than about seventy-five percent of the cross-sectional dimension of the top of the enclosure. It is also generally preferred that the re-entrant structure extend into the interior of the enclosure a distance within the range of about twenty-five percent to about seventy-five percent of the distance between the top and the bottom of the enclosure, with a particularly preferred range of about twenty-five percent to about fifty percent. With the container proportions within the preferred ranges, substantial retention volumes of twenty percent to thirty-five percent of the container volume can be achieved. Although preferred, these proportional ranges for the container structure do not limit the scope of the invention, and other proportions may be used, if desired.
  • the retention volume will be reduced as the width of the upper end of the re-entrant structure approaches the width of the top of the enclosure, and/or as the lower end of the re-entrant structure approaches the bottom of the enclosure.
  • the maximum volume of liquid that can be retained with the container in an inverted orientation increases as the length of the re-entrant structure increases, there is no advantage if that retention volume exceeds the retention volume with the container upright or oriented horizontally, and increasing the length of the re-entrant structure will increase the cost of the container to some degree.
  • the maximum retention volume for the container cannot exceed the volume of the enclosure between the bottom of the enclosure and a parallel plane intersecting the lower end of the re-entrant structure, so increasing the length of the re-entrant structure may reduce the retention volume.
  • extending the lower end of the re-entrant structure significantly beyond the bottom of a pot to be placed in the re ⁇ entrant structure may make wick placement more difficult and may restrain the wick from moving with the liquid as the container orientation is changed.
  • FIG 7. An alternative embodiment in which the height of the enclosure is significantly greater than its width is illustrated in Figure 7. Such an embodiment is well suited for use as a flower vase, such as a bud vase, but less appropriate as a transportation container.
  • Figure 8. A second alternative embodiment, suitable for use as a vase or a plant pot container, is illustrated in Figure 8. In both instances the proportional relationships fall within the preferred ranges.
  • the container of the invention may be filled beyond the retention volume if the user does not desire to prevent the spillage of any liquid from the container, a method of filling the container with a volume of liquid equal to the retention volume is within the scope of the invention.
  • the preferred method of filling the container of the invention with water or other liquid to the retention volume includes the steps of (1) introducing liquid to the interior of the container through the re-entrant structure with the container in an upright orientation; (2) tipping the container to an inverted orientation, allowing excess liquid to flow from the interior of the container during the tipping process; and (3) returning the container to an upright orientation.
  • the volume of liquid then remaining in the container is the retention volume of the container.
  • the container may be tipped to a horizontal orientation and then rotated around its longitudinal axis before it is tipped to an inverted orientation, to ensure that only the retention volume of liquid remains in the container.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

Un récipient ouvert (10), anti-fuite, peut contenir un volume de liquide important quelle que soit sa position. Ce récipient comporte une enceinte (11) dotée d'un fond (14), de parois latérales (13) et d'un sommet (15) percé d'une ouverture (16), ainsi que d'une structure creuse (12), ouverte et tournée vers l'intérieur, qui part du sommet de l'enceinte, autour de l'ouverture (16), vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte, sans aller jusqu'au bas. Cette structure tournée vers l'intérieur (12) empêche à l'écoulement du volume de liquide retenu par l'ouverture tournée vers l'intérieur. On décrit aussi un procédé de remplissage de ce récipient.
PCT/US1995/013348 1994-10-11 1995-10-10 Conteneur anti-fuite et reservoir d'eau WO1996010906A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU39592/95A AU3959295A (en) 1994-10-11 1995-10-10 Leak-resistant container and water reservoir

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/321,258 US5491929A (en) 1994-10-11 1994-10-11 Leak-resistant transportation and storage container
US08/321,258 1994-10-11
US53986695A 1995-10-06 1995-10-06
US08/539,866 1995-10-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996010906A1 true WO1996010906A1 (fr) 1996-04-18

Family

ID=26982890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1995/013348 WO1996010906A1 (fr) 1994-10-11 1995-10-10 Conteneur anti-fuite et reservoir d'eau

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3959295A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996010906A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1842421A1 (fr) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-10 Peter Joseph Woodhouse Confinement de déversement
GB2484150A (en) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-04 Robert James Scarborough Planting arrangement having means for water transference
DE202018001741U1 (de) * 2018-04-03 2019-07-31 Pöppelmann Holding GmbH & Co. KG Trichterförmiger Einsatz für einen Pflanzenbehälter
WO2020034814A1 (fr) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-20 向祖树 Récipient ayant une ouverture résistante au déversement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3481075A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-12-02 Joseph Dastoli Flower shipping container
US3733746A (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-05-22 W Allen Self feeding flower pot
US4858381A (en) * 1988-01-19 1989-08-22 Smithers-Oasis Company Floral container and water reservoir

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3481075A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-12-02 Joseph Dastoli Flower shipping container
US3733746A (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-05-22 W Allen Self feeding flower pot
US4858381A (en) * 1988-01-19 1989-08-22 Smithers-Oasis Company Floral container and water reservoir

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1842421A1 (fr) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-10 Peter Joseph Woodhouse Confinement de déversement
GB2484150A (en) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-04 Robert James Scarborough Planting arrangement having means for water transference
GB2484150B (en) * 2010-10-01 2014-03-05 Robert James Scarborough Housing elements for soil or plants, including means for water transference
DE202018001741U1 (de) * 2018-04-03 2019-07-31 Pöppelmann Holding GmbH & Co. KG Trichterförmiger Einsatz für einen Pflanzenbehälter
WO2020034814A1 (fr) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-20 向祖树 Récipient ayant une ouverture résistante au déversement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3959295A (en) 1996-05-02

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