WO1996007239A1 - A two wires a.c switch apparatus - Google Patents

A two wires a.c switch apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996007239A1
WO1996007239A1 PCT/CN1995/000070 CN9500070W WO9607239A1 WO 1996007239 A1 WO1996007239 A1 WO 1996007239A1 CN 9500070 W CN9500070 W CN 9500070W WO 9607239 A1 WO9607239 A1 WO 9607239A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
main
control
switching device
switch assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN1995/000070
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Tianlu Weng
Original Assignee
Tianlu Weng
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN94112284A external-priority patent/CN1054950C/en
Priority claimed from CN94114032A external-priority patent/CN1053538C/en
Application filed by Tianlu Weng filed Critical Tianlu Weng
Priority to AU32518/95A priority Critical patent/AU3251895A/en
Publication of WO1996007239A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996007239A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H03K17/6871—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor
    • H03K17/6874—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor in a symmetrical configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/567—Circuits characterised by the use of more than one type of semiconductor device, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/60—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors
    • H03K17/68—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors specially adapted for switching ac currents or voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/72—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region
    • H03K17/725—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region for ac voltages or currents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/78—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled
    • H03K17/79—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled controlling bipolar semiconductor switches with more than two PN-junctions, or more than three electrodes, or more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an AC two-wire switchgear, and more particularly to an AC two-wire switchgear with a self-generated power source transformer.
  • This AC two-wire switchgear has only two connection terminals. It is connected to the AC circuit in series, which is suitable for controlling the on and off of the load. Background technique
  • the second method is to use a thyristor in the main circuit switch component, which is in a non-full-conduction state and depends on the thyristor current. A section of the cut-off area after the zero crossing generates self-generated power, so this method is difficult to avoid distortion of the load waveform.
  • the above two methods have an additional on-state voltage drop at least equal to the self-generated voltage. If the self-generated power supply voltage is 5V, the additional on-state voltage drop is several times the inherent on-state voltage drop. Therefore, the additional off-state current, especially the additional on-state voltage drop The large increase of the AC two-wire switchgear of the prior art has been greatly restrained in application.
  • the AC two-wire switching device includes:
  • a self-generated power circuit connected to a power source end of a sub-control circuit and used to provide working power to the control circuit.
  • the self-generated power circuit includes a rectifier circuit, a voltage stabilization circuit, a main loop off-state power supply circuit, and at least one transformer.
  • the transformer includes At least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding, the primary winding is connected in series with the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly, and the secondary winding is connected with an input terminal of the rectifier circuit.
  • 13 to 32 are circuit block diagrams showing a first embodiment to a twentieth embodiment of an AC two-wire switching device according to the present invention.
  • 60 and 61 are circuit diagrams showing two forms of the twentieth embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
  • each reference numeral indicates the following: 1-AC power, 2-Load, 3 and 3 '-Two connection terminals of the AC two-wire switch, 4-Bidirectional main circuit switch assembly , 5-Bidirectional Current Stabilizing Component, 6-Rectifier Voltage Regulator, 6'- Second Rectifier Voltage Regulator, 7-Control Circuit, 7 'Second Control Circuit, 8-Rectifier Circuit, 9-Voltage Regulator Circuit, 10- Unidirectional current stabilization component, 11-mechanical relay coil, 12-mechanical relay normally open contact, H1, H2-transformer, L1, L2, L3, L3 ', L4, L5-transformer coil (where L2, L4 also Called the first primary winding, L1 is also called the second primary winding, L3, L5 are also called the first secondary winding, 6/07239
  • L3 is also called the second secondary winding
  • R-resistor Z-impedance
  • Z1-first impedance Z2-second impedance
  • D-diode D1-first diode
  • D2- second diode Tube BR-bridge rectifier circuit.
  • Figs. 1 to 12 are schematic diagrams showing various main circuit switch assemblies suitable for the AC two-wire switchgear of the present invention, respectively.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly shown in FIG. 1 is a bidirectional thyristor, which has two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and a control terminal G1, and a control signal is input between G1 and T1.
  • this component is composed of two bidirectional thyristors and a resistor. It has two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and a control terminal G1. Control signals are input between G1 and T1.
  • this group of components consists of a light-emitting diode and a bidirectional photo-thyristor.
  • the device has two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and two control terminals G1 and G2. Control signals are input between G1 and G2.
  • the device consists of two V-groove metal-oxide-insulated VMOS field-effect transistors (VMOS).
  • the component consists of two bipolar transistors.
  • the device consists of two insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).
  • IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistors
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 there are two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and two control terminals G1 and G2, and control signals are input between G1 and G2.
  • the component is composed of a unidirectional interstitial transistor and four diodes.
  • the component consists of a V-groove metal oxide insulated gate field effect transistor and four diodes.
  • the component consists of a bipolar transistor and four diodes.
  • the component consists of an insulated gate bipolar transistor and four diodes.
  • this component is composed of two unidirectional transistors, with two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and two control terminals G1 and G2. This component requires two synchronized control signals from G1 and T1, respectively. And input between G2 and T2.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly is composed of a relay coil 11 and a normally open contact 12. A control signal is applied to both ends of the relay coil 11.
  • FIG. 13 to 32 are circuit block diagrams showing the first to twentieth embodiments of the AC two-wire switching device according to the present invention, respectively.
  • FIG. 13 it is a circuit block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • terminals 3 and 3 ' are two connection terminals of an AC two-wire switching device, and are connected to an AC circuit composed of an AC power source 1 and a load 2.
  • the self-generating power supply is composed of a transformer HI and a rectification and voltage stabilization circuit 6, where HI has three coils L1, L2 and L3, and the coil L1 and the impedance Z are connected in series to form a main loop off-state power supply circuit, which is connected to terminals 3 and 6/07239
  • one end of the wire L2 is connected to the main electrode T2 (or Tl) of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4, the other end of the coil L2 and the main electrode T1 (or T2) are connected to terminals 3 and 3', and the coil L3 is connected to
  • the output voltage of the rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6 is the self-generated power supply voltage, and is used as the power source of the control circuit 7. Therefore, the output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is connected to the power supply terminal of the control circuit 7.
  • the output terminal of the control circuit 7 is connected to the control poles G1 and G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4.
  • the control signals output by the control circuit 7 control the on and off of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 through the control electrodes G1 and G2.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 can use any one of FIG. 1 to FIG. 10. However, since there is no G2 terminal in FIG. 1, if the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIG. 1 is used, the The lead connected to the G2 terminal is connected to the T1 terminal.
  • the self-generated power has the following two generation methods: (1) When the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly is turned off, the coil L1 in the transformer HI forms a loop with the AC power source 1 through the impedance Z and the load 2, and is online ⁇ L1 There is a certain current flowing in this current. This current is the additional off-state current. It is now used as the primary input current of the transformer HI. It induces a voltage on the secondary line ⁇ L3. This voltage is rectified and stabilized as a self-generating power supply.
  • the coil L2 When the coil L2 has only the off-state leakage current of the transistor or thyristor, its effect can be ignored; (2) When the bidirectional main circuit switch component is turned on, the working current of the load 2 flows in the coil L2, which is induced on the line L3 After the voltage is also passed through the rectification and stabilization circuit 6, as a self-generated power source, at this time, from the perspective of the current transformer HI, the line ⁇ L1 and the line diagram L2 are equivalent to two primary windings connected in parallel with different impedances, but the coil L1 The resistance in one way is relatively large. The actual current flowing in the coil L1 is very small, and its effect can be ignored. At this time, the additional on-state voltage drop is the voltage on the coil L2.
  • the self-generated power supply solves the power supply of the internal control circuit 7 of the two-wire switching device, so that the on / off control of the load 2 can be performed according to the control mode of the control circuit 7.
  • Fig. 14 is a circuit block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • terminals 3 and 3 are the two connection terminals of an AC two-wire switchgear. They are connected to an AC circuit composed of AC power supply 1 and load 2.
  • the self-generated power is composed of transformer H2, rectifier circuit 8, and voltage regulator circuit 9.
  • the diode D and resistor R where the transformer H2 has two coils L4 and L5, one end of the line ⁇ L4 is connected to the main electrode T2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4, the line diagram L4 6/07239
  • the other end is connected to terminal 3 and one end of a series circuit composed of a resistor R and a diode D (the series circuit constitutes a main loop off-state power supply circuit), and the other end of the series circuit is connected to an output end of a rectifier circuit 8 and a voltage stabilization circuit.
  • One input terminal of 9 is connected to all three, and the other output terminal of the rectifier circuit 8 is connected to the common contact of the voltage stabilization circuit 9, the common contact of the control circuit 7, the main electrode T1 and the terminal 3 ′.
  • the coil L5 is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 8.
  • the output voltage of the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is the self-generated power voltage and is used as the power source of the control circuit 7.
  • the output terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is connected to the power terminal of the control circuit 7.
  • the output terminal of the control circuit 7 is connected to the control pole G1 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4, and the control signal for the common contact changes through the control pole G1 to control the on and off of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 may use any one of Figs. 1, 7 to 10.
  • the circuit of FIG. 1 there are two methods for generating the self-generating power supply: (1) When the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 is turned off, the AC power supply 1 forms a loop through the load 2 and the two output terminals of the diode D, the resistor R, and the rectifier circuit 8. A DC voltage is generated at the output of the rectifier circuit 8. This voltage is used as a self-generating power after the regulator circuit 9.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch component 4 When the bidirectional main circuit switch component 4 is turned on, the working current of load 2 flows through line ⁇ L4. The current is used as the primary input current of the transformer H2, and then the induced voltage on the secondary line ⁇ L5 passes through the rectifier circuit 8 and the voltage stabilization circuit 9 as a self-generated power source.
  • the additional on-state voltage drop is the voltage on the coil L4, and the additional off-state current is a half-wave rectified current flowing through the diode D.
  • circuits shown in FIGS. 15 to 33 are derived from the circuits shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 after being transformed or improved, they have a lot in common with each other. Therefore, the following discussion Before the specific circuits of the various embodiments, first, a comprehensive overview of the same points and differences between the circuit block diagrams of FIG. 15 to FIG. 33 is given.
  • the self-generating power source is composed of impedance Z or a bidirectional current stabilizing component 5, a transformer HI, and a rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6, where HI has three coils L1, L2, and L3, and line ⁇ L1 passes
  • the bidirectional current stabilization component 5 or impedance Z is connected to terminals 3 and 3 ', and the line ⁇ L2 is connected to terminals 3 and 3' through the two main electrodes T1 and T2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch component 4 or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay.
  • the coil L3 is connected to the input terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6.
  • the output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is connected to the power supply terminal of the control circuit 7.
  • the output of the control circuit 7 is connected to the two-way main circuit.
  • the control signal output by the control circuit 7 controls the two-way main circuit through G1 and G2.
  • the on-off and on-off of the circuit switch assembly or the control voltage output by the control circuit 7 controls the closing and breaking of the normally open contact 12 through the coil 11 of the mechanical relay.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 in Fig. 15 can use any one of Figs. 1 to 11. Since there is no G2 terminal in Fig. 1, the lead connected to the G2 terminal should be connected to the T1 terminal during use. If the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly of FIG. 11 is used, it should be changed to that shown in FIG. 33, and the coil L3 ', the second rectification and stabilization circuit 6' and the second control circuit 7 'are added, and the outputs of the two control circuits 7 and 7' are added.
  • the terminals are respectively connected to G1, T1 and G2, T2, and two synchronous control signals are used to control the on and off of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4.
  • the self-generating power supply includes a transformer H2, a rectifier circuit 8 and a voltage regulator circuit 9 or a rectifier voltage regulator circuit 6, of which two transformers H2 have two Line ⁇ L4 and L5, line ⁇ L4 are connected to terminals 3 and 3 'through the two main electrodes T1 and T2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay, where T1 and 3' are connected, and coil L5 is connected To the input of the rectifier circuit 8.
  • the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 8 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit 9.
  • the output voltage of the voltage stabilization circuit 9 or the rectification voltage stabilization circuit 6 is the self-generated power voltage and is used as the power supply of the control circuit 7. Therefore, the voltage stabilization circuit 9 or rectification
  • the output terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit 6 is connected to the power supply terminal of the control circuit 7.
  • the output terminal of the control circuit 7 is connected to the control terminals G1 and G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 or the control terminals G1 and the main electrode terminal T1 or the line 11 of the mechanical relay.
  • the control signals output by the control circuit 7 pass through G1 and G2. Or G1 and T1 control the on and off of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 or the control voltage output by the control circuit 7 controls the closing and breaking of the normally open contact 12 through the coil 11 of the mechanical relay.
  • FIG. 20 is connected to the starting terminal S through a unidirectional current stabilization component 10; and FIG. 21 is an output terminal connected to a bridge rectifier circuit BR.
  • the other output terminal of the current-flow circuit BR is connected to terminal G2.
  • the two input terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit BR are connected to terminals 3 and 3 'through an impedance Z;
  • FIG. 22 is connected to one through a unidirectional current stabilization component 10
  • One output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit BR, the other output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit BR is connected to terminal G2, and the two input terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit BR are connected to terminals 3 and 3 ', respectively;
  • FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode D1.
  • the positive electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode D2 and one end of the nozzle reactance Z, and the other end of the nozzle reactance Z is connected to the terminal 3.
  • the anode of the two diodes D2 is connected to the terminal 3 '.
  • the 32 is connected to the common contact of the control circuit 7 and the control terminal G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4, and the other output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is connected to the first impedance Z1 It is connected to one end of the second impedance Z2, the other end of the first impedance Z1 is connected to the main electrode terminal T2, and the other end of the second impedance Z2 is connected to the main electrode terminal T1.
  • the two output terminals of the rectifier circuit 8 are also connected to different components or components, that is, the two output terminals of the rectifier circuit 8. Is connected to terminals 3 and 3 'through resistor R and diode D; Figure 28 is connected to terminals 3 and 3' through a unidirectional current stabilization component 10; Figure 29 is one of the terminals and the negative electrode of the first diode D1 The other terminal is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 and the terminal 3 ', the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 and one end of the impedance Z, and the other end of the impedance Z is connected to Terminal 3; Figure 30 is two output terminals respectively connected to a bridge rectifier circuit BR, and the two input terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit BR are connected to terminals 3 and 3 'through impedance Z; Figure 31 is through a unidirectional
  • the above-mentioned components or components related to the output terminal of the rectification circuit 8 or the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 or the bridge rectification circuit constitute a part of the self-generated power of each scheme.
  • the bidirectional main loop switch assembly 4 of FIGS. 16, 19 and 24 may use any one of FIGS. 4 to 10.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIGS. 17 and 20 may use any one of FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIG. 18 and FIG. 23 can use any one of FIGS. 1 to 3, but when using the assembly of FIG. 3, it is necessary to connect G2 to Tl.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIGS. 21 and 22 may use any one of FIGS. 3 to 10.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIG. 32 may use any one of FIGS. 4 to 10.
  • a unidirectional conductive diode is between the control electrode G2 and the main electrode T1; in FIGS. 4 to In the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly of FIG. 6, between the control electrode G2 and the main electrode T1 is the source and drain of the VMOS tube with no forward bias voltage on the gate or the emitter of the bipolar transistor with no injected current at the base.
  • the collector also has a unidirectional conductive path);
  • Figures 17 and 20 are formed by the AC power supply 1 through the load 2, the bridge rectifier circuit BR, the resistor R, or the unidirectional current stabilization component 10 in the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4
  • Figure 18, Figure 27 and Figure 28 are formed by AC power supply 1 through load 2, unidirectional current stabilizing component 10 or diode D and resistor R
  • Figure 21, Figure 22, Figure 30 and Figure 31 are powered by AC power supply 1 formed by load 2
  • 23 and FIG. 29 are formed by the AC power source 1 through the load 2, the impedance Z, and the first diode D1.
  • the role of the second diode D2 is to provide an AC path for the capacitive impedance;
  • the power source 1 is formed by the load 2, the reactance Z, the first diode D1, and the unidirectional conductive path between the control electrode G2 and the main electrode T1 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4.
  • a DC voltage is formed directly at the output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6. That is, during the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle of the AC power, the AC voltage passes the first impedance Z1 and the control electrode G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 and The path between the main electrodes T1, or the second nozzle reactance Z2 and the path between the control electrode G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 and the main electrode T2 alternately supplies power to the control circuit 7.
  • the additional on-state voltage drop when the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 is turned on or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay is closed is AC voltage drop across coil L4.
  • the additional off-state current when the two-way main circuit switch assembly is off or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay is open.
  • the self-generating power supply solves the power supply of the internal control circuit 7 of the two-wire switching device, so that the on / off control of the load 2 can be performed according to the control mode of the control circuit 7.
  • the parameters of the transformers HI and H2 are determined according to the design method of the current transformer for protection.
  • the coil L1 and the coil L2 are two primary windings, and the coil L3 is a secondary winding.
  • the primary input current of line ⁇ L2 is the working current of load 2.
  • the primary input current of line ⁇ L1 can be changed by changing the nature and size of the impedance Z or the steady-state value of the bidirectional steady-current component 5. If the two-wire switchgear has the same requirements for self-generated power in both on and off states, the number of amp turns of coil L1 should be the same as the number of amp turns of coil L2.
  • the size of the secondary output voltage on the coil L3 should be determined according to the voltage and capacity requirements of the self-generated power source and the form of the rectification and voltage stabilization circuit.
  • the coil L4 is the primary winding
  • the coil L5 is the secondary winding.
  • the primary input current of line ⁇ L4 is the operating current of load 2.
  • the method for determining the magnitude of the secondary output voltage on line ⁇ L5 is the same as the line 3L3 described above, and it is no longer important.
  • Fig. 34 to Fig. 37 are circuit diagrams showing several different forms of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 13, respectively.
  • this circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switchgear.
  • the AC power source 1 is 220V, 50HZ
  • the load 2 is a heater
  • the current is 1A.
  • the capacitance C11 is equivalent to the impedance Z of FIG. 13.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 3.
  • the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is composed of four diodes D11 to D14 and the integrated circuit IC11 and its peripheral components.
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of an integrated circuit IC12 and its peripheral components, of which R13 is a slowly changing type negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
  • R13 is a slowly changing type negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
  • the third pin of the integrated circuit IC12 outputs a high level, so that the bidirectional photoelectric thyristor in the photocoupler TR11 is turned on, and the heater is turned on.
  • the third pin of the integrated circuit IC12 outputs a low level, so that the bidirectional photo-thyristor is turned off and the heater is powered off.
  • the additional on-state voltage drop is 0.4 volts
  • the additional off-state current is 5 milliamps, which are all doubled compared to the prior art.
  • the sensor here, the thermistor
  • the sensor is electrically isolated from the AC power source. See Figure 35.
  • This is a high-current two-wire protective switchgear that relies on a button to control on / off. Its characteristic is that there is no additional off-state current when load 2 is powered off.
  • the AC power supply voltage used is 100 volts to 250 volts, the frequency is 50 Hz, and the load current varies from 5 amps to 25 amps.
  • the transformer H31 corresponds to HI in FIG.
  • the rectifier circuit consists of four diodes D31 to D34.
  • the voltage stabilization circuit consists of a resistor R31, a voltage regulator DZ31, and a capacitor C32.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 2.
  • Control circuit 7 consists of push-button switches K31 and K32, resistors R32 to R34, and thyristor ⁇ SCR31. The specific working process is as follows: After pressing the switch K31, the self-generating power source relying on the current in the line L31 triggers the transistor BCR31 directly through the nozzle R32, which causes the BCR31 and BCR32 to be turned on, and the load 2 is turned on.
  • the self-generating The power supply is maintained by the load current in the coil L32, and the button switch K31 does not need to be turned on.
  • the switch needs to be disconnected, as long as the switch K32 is pressed, the self-generated power is shorted, the thyristors BCR31 and BCR32 are turned off, and the load 2 is powered off.
  • the load current exceeds the rated value (26 amps)
  • the output voltage of the rectifier circuit increases.
  • the thyristor SCR31 is turned on, thereby turning off the thyristors BCR31 and BCR32. Complete the overload protection process.
  • this is a solid state relay circuit that uses pulses to trigger on / off. With overload protection function and zero-crossing on-off function. Allowable AC power supply voltage variation range is
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of three parts: a circuit composed of a photocoupler LEC61, a transistor BG63, BG64, BG65, BG66 and its peripheral components to complete the pulse-triggered zero-crossing conduction function; a photocoupler LEC62, a transistor BG62, and a nozzle R62, The circuit composed of R63 completes the pulse-triggered zero-crossing breaking function; the circuit composed of transistor SCR61, transistor BG61, resistors R613, R614, and R615 completes the overload protection function.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 1.
  • the working process of the circuit is as follows; when the bidirectional thyristor BCR61 is turned off, the zero crossing of the sinusoidal ripple voltage output by the rectifier circuit basically corresponds to the zero crossing of the AC power supply voltage.
  • This sinusoidal ripple voltage is connected to the base of the transistor BG63 through the resistor R64 and Between the emitters, the transistor BG63 forms a pulsating base current.
  • a pulse greater than 10 milliseconds is applied to the input terminals Y and Y 'of the photocoupler LEC61, the internal phototransistor is turned on, and the self-generated power passes through this photo
  • the transistor and resistor R65 are added to the collector of transistor BG63 and the base of transistor BG65.
  • the base current of transistor BG65 depends on the conduction of transistor BG63. Therefore, only at the zero crossing of the sinusoidal ripple voltage output by the rectifier circuit Only near can the transistor BG63 be turned off, thereby turning on the transistors BG65 and BG64, triggering the bidirectional thyristor BCR61 to be turned on, and the load 2 is energized.
  • the transistor BG64 After the transistor BG64 is turned on, its collector injects a base current to the transistor BG66 through the resistor R69, so that the transistor BG66 is turned on. Therefore, after the pulses on the Y and Y 'terminals disappear, the transistor BG64 remains on, causing the load 2 Continuous power up.
  • this circuit is a three-phase protective switching device that uses two push-button switches to control on / off. It is an example of a two-wire switching device applied to a three-phase circuit.
  • Power supply 1 is three-phase 380 volts, 50 Hz.
  • Load 2 is a J32-2 three-phase motor M. The characteristic of this circuit is that after removing the three-phase load 2, there is no electrical path between the three phases.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 1. Because this circuit is relatively simple, its main part is very similar to the previous content, only for the following description: the transformer H 71 has three secondary windings L73 7 and L75, and its output voltage is rectified and stabilized to form three self-generated power sources.
  • the triacs BCR71, BCR72 and BCR73 are triggered by resistors R72, R7 and R76 respectively.
  • the thyristor BCR71 When the thyristor BCR71 is turned off, after the switch K71 is pressed, the coil L71 forms a loop through the motor and the overvoltage protection component capacitor C710, the nozzle R717 and the B phase, and at the same time forms a loop through the motor M and the capacitor C711, the resistor R718 and the C phase, thereby Relying on the current in line ⁇ L71 6/07239
  • the three self-generated power sources are established by relying on the phase A current flowing through the coil L72.
  • Transformers H72 and H73 only serve as overload protection.
  • the overload signals on the secondary windings L77 and L79 trigger directional thyristors SCR72 and SCR73, respectively, after rectification, voltage division, and delay.
  • the thyristor SCR71 is triggered by the process and Thyristors SCR72 and SCR73 are similar, so when the motor M stalls or the current of any phase is too large, the three-phase main circuit can be shut down.
  • This circuit is easy to add phase failure protection and overheating protection, and it is also easy to change to a sensor to control the three-phase load.
  • FIG. 38 to 40 are circuit diagrams showing different forms of the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 14, respectively. See Figure 38.
  • This is a two-wire high-frequency oscillating proximity switch device that directly controls load 2 with overload protection.
  • the usable range of power supply voltage 1 is 6/07239
  • the coil L21 in the transformer H21 corresponds to the line ⁇ L4 in FIG. 14
  • the line ⁇ L22 corresponds to the line ⁇ L5 in the figure U
  • the line ⁇ L23 is a new secondary winding for overload protection.
  • the diode D25 and the nozzle R22 are equivalent to the diode D and the resistor R in FIG. 14.
  • the rectifier circuit 8 is composed of four diodes D21 to D24.
  • Voltage regulator circuit 9 consists of resistor R23, voltage regulator DZ21, and capacitor C25.
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of 3 ⁇ 4-phase devices F21 to F26, transistors BG21, BG22, BG23, line L23 and its peripheral components.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 1.
  • this proximity switch When the metal detector is far away from the sensor head coil L24, the high-frequency oscillator composed of the phase detectors F21, F22, and F23 oscillates, and the signal output by the fork phase detector F26 cannot make the transistors BG22, BG23 When it is turned on, the BCR21 of the transistor is turned off, and the load 2 is in a power-off state.
  • the high-frequency oscillator stops vibrating, and the output signal of the inverter F26 turns on the transistors BG22 and BG23 through the transistor BG21, so that the bidirectional transistor BCR21 turns on. ON, load 2 is energized.
  • the additional on-state voltage drop is 0.2 volts when the load current is 2.5 amps, and the average value of the additional off-state current is 10 mA when the power supply voltage is 220 volts.
  • the overload protection circuit operates, and the automatic reset time is about 30 seconds. It can be re-set by changing R25.
  • this is a two-wire protective switchgear that should be in the audio and super audio range. It relies on a button to control the on and off of the load.
  • the power frequency is 3 kHz and 25 kHz.
  • the waveform is a two-way square wave with an amplitude of 100 volts.
  • Load 2 is resistive and the magnitude of the load current is 1 amp.
  • the transformer H41 is equivalent to the transformer H2 in FIG. 14, and the diode D49 and the resistor R45 are equivalent to the diode D and the nozzle R in FIG. 8. Compared with FIG.
  • the series circuit is connected to the regulator DZ41, not to the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 8.
  • the rectifying circuit 8 is composed of diodes D41 to D44.
  • the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R41, a voltage regulator DZ41, and a capacitor C41.
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of switches K41, K42, electricity R42, R43, R44, and thyristor SCR41.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly uses the form of FIG. 9.
  • the circuit in Figure 39 is very similar to the circuit in Figure 35, the same / 07239
  • the first point is that when the transistors BG41 and BG42 are turned off, after pressing the switch K41, the self-generated power is established by the AC power source 1 through the diode D49 and the resistor R45 on the voltage regulator DZ41
  • the second point is the use of a composite bipolar transistor in the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly. When the load 2 is energized, the self-generated power injects a base current to the transistor BG41 through the resistor R42, causing the transistors BG41 and BG42 to be turned on.
  • L42 250 turns, wire diameter 0. 13 mm (L42 plus metal screen layer) H41 (at 25 kHz) MX- 2000 ferrite ring core 10 X 6 X 5
  • this is a two-wire protective switchgear for a single-phase compression pump motor.
  • the power supply voltage used ranges from 100 volts to 250 volts and the frequency is 50 Hz.
  • Load 2 is a 150 watt single-phase compression pump motor M.
  • the lines 51L51 and L52 in the transformer H51 are equivalent to L4 and L5 in Figure 14, and the coil L53 is a secondary winding provided to establish an auxiliary self-generated power source.
  • the diode D55 and the resistor R512 are equivalent to the diode D and the resistor R in FIG. 14.
  • the rectifier circuit 8 is composed of diodes D51 to D54.
  • the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R51, a voltage regulator DZ51, and a capacitor C51.
  • the control circuit 7 is mainly composed of transistors BG51, BG52, BG53, BG54 thyristors, SCR51 and its peripheral components. Two-way main circuit is open 6/07239
  • the control circuit 7 has functions such as power failure protection, starting overcurrent protection, running overcurrent protection, and automatic reset.
  • the working process is as follows: When the AC power supply 1 is connected, the AC power supply 1 establishes a self-generating power source on the voltage regulator DZ51 through the motor M, the diode D55, and the resistor R512.
  • the self-generating power source passes the resistor R510 and the source and drain of the transistor BG54 to the transistor BG53.
  • the base current is injected to turn on the transistors BG53 and BG52.
  • the collector output voltage of the transistor BG51 triggers the bidirectional thyristor BCR51 through the resistor R54 to turn it on, and the motor M is energized.
  • the motor M is energized, an output voltage is generated on the coil L53. This voltage charges C53 through the diode D57, and charges the capacitor C54 through the diode D56, the nozzle R59, and R510, causing the transistor BG54 to turn off quickly, and the transistor BG51 is started by the motor M Stop after time.
  • the transistor BG52 After the transistor BG52 is turned on, its collector injects a base current to the transistor BG53 through the zener diode DZ52, so even if the transistor BG54 is turned off, the transistors BG52 and BG53 remain on. After that, if the AC power supply 1 is temporarily suspended and then re-energized. Because the transistor BG54 is turned off, the transistors BG53 and BG52 will not be turned on, and the motor M cannot be energized to play a power failure protection function. After stopping, the voltage induced on the line S L53 disappears, the capacitor C53 discharges to the resistor R511, and about 5 minutes, the voltage on C53 drops to the turn-on voltage of the transistor BG54.
  • the transistor BG54 is turned on, and the bidirectional thyristor BCR51 is turned on, and the motor M is energized.
  • the characteristic of this power failure protection is that the power is switched on for the first time or after 5 minutes of power failure. After the motor M starts, as described above, the transistor BG51 is turned off. At this time, if the motor M running current exceeds the rated value, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 8 will increase. After the voltage is divided by the resistors R55 and R56, the unidirectional thyristor SCR51 is turned on.
  • the self-generated power is short-circuited, causing the transistor BG52 and the thyristor BCR51 to be turned off, and the motor M is powered off.
  • the subsequent automatic reset is similar to the automatic power-on after power failure protection, that is, after the capacitor C53 is discharged, the transistor BG54 is turned on, which causes the transistor BG52 and the thyristor BCR51 to be turned on, and the motor M is powered on again.
  • the transistor BG51 When the motor M starts, although the starting current is larger than the running current, the transistor BG51 is on at this time, and the drain-source equivalent resistance of the transistor BG51 and the resistor R57 are connected in series with the resistor R55 in series, which reduces the triggering of the unidirectional thyristor SCR51. Current and voltage. Therefore, as long as the appropriate values of the nozzles R57, R59, and capacitor C54 are selected, the thyristor SCR51 will not be turned on under normal starting current and starting time, and when it cannot be started or the starting current is too large The transistor SCR51 is turned on, and the motor M is powered off. After starting protection 6/07239
  • the automatic reset is the same as the case of running overcurrent protection and will not be repeated.
  • FIGS. 41 and 42 are two circuit diagrams showing a third embodiment of the present invention shown in Figs. 15 and 33, respectively.
  • the circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device, load 2 is a heater, and the load current is 1 amp. Because the circuit uses a bidirectional current stabilization component 5, the applicable range of the AC power supply 1 voltage is 25 volts to 220 volts, and the frequency is 50 Hz.
  • Transformer H111 is equivalent to HI in Figure 15.
  • the bidirectional current stabilization component 5 is composed of transistors BG111, BG112, The electrodes D115, D116, current stabilizers WC111, WC112, voltage regulators DZ111, DZ112, resistors R116, R117.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 3.
  • the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is composed of two poles Dili to D113 and integrated circuit IC111 and its peripheral components.
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of an integrated circuit IC112 and its peripheral components, among which the nozzle R113 is a slowly changing negative temperature coefficient thermistor. When the resistor R113 is cooled to 30K ⁇ , the third pin of the integrated circuit IC112 outputs a high level, so that the bidirectional phototransistor in the photocoupler TR111 is turned on, and the heater 2 is powered on.
  • the third pin of the integrated circuit IC112 When the nozzle value of the heated electric H R113 drops to 7.5K ⁇ , the third pin of the integrated circuit IC112 outputs a low level, so that the bidirectional photo-thyristor is turned off, and the heater 2 is powered off.
  • the additional on-state voltage drop of the Tai circuit when the load current is 1 amp is 0.4 volts, and the additional off-state current is 5 mA.
  • the circuit is a two-wire protection switching device that relies on a button to control on / off.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 11, so the circuit composition is better than the structure shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG. 33.
  • the application range of the AC power supply voltage is 25 volts to 220 volts, the frequency is 50 Hz, and the applicable range of the load current is 0.5 amps to 2 amps.
  • the specific working process is as follows: After pressing the switch K115, the two self-generated power sources established at the same time respectively turn on the thyristors SCR114 and SCR115, and the load 2 is powered on.
  • switch K115 Since then, two self-generated power sources Relying on the load current in line 3 ⁇ 4 L172 to maintain, switch K115 does not need to be turned on.
  • the switch K116 When the switch K116 is pressed or the load current exceeds 2 amps, the phototransistor in the thyristor SCR113 and the photocoupler LEC111 is turned on, the thyristors SCR114 and SCR115 are turned off, and the load 2 is powered off.
  • FIG. 43 and 44 are circuit diagrams showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 16, respectively.
  • the circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with an automatic reset function.
  • a transformer H121 is equivalent to H2 in FIG. 16, and a resistor R118 is equivalent to 1 ⁇ in FIG. 16.
  • the rectifier circuit 8 is composed of diodes D117 to D120.
  • the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R119, a capacitor C114, and a voltage regulator DZ113.
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of resistors R120, R121, R122, R123, and an inter-crystal transistor SCR111.
  • the AC power supply voltage range is 100 volts to 220 volts, and the frequency is 50 Hz.
  • the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 8 increases, causing the thyristor SCR111 to be turned on, the VMOS transistors VM111 and VM112 to be turned off in the forward direction, and the switching device to be opened to complete the protection function. Thereafter, during a half-cycle period when the potential at terminal 3 is higher than the potential at terminal 3 ', the switching device has a short conduction time of several microseconds in the case of a short circuit; in the overload condition, the switching device has a short conduction time of several microseconds to milliseconds. Therefore, this circuit can be reset quickly after the cause of short circuit or overload is removed, and the reset time is less than 20 ms.
  • this circuit is a two-wire automatic reset short-circuit protection switching device used in the super-audio range.
  • the AC power supply 1 is a 50 kHz two-way square wave with an amplitude of 100 volts.
  • the magnitude of the load current is around 1 amp.
  • the composition of this circuit is similar to the circuit of Figure 31, so the short-circuit protection and automatic reset processes are similar to the circuit of Figure 43, but the response time and reset time are different.
  • L181 2 turns, wire diameter 0.63 mm L182 60 boxes, wire diameter 0.13 mm (L182 plus metal shield)
  • FIG. 45 is a circuit diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
  • This circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with automatic reset function.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of Fig. 8. 3 ⁇ 4 S R124 is equivalent to the resistor R 17 of g. Its unlabeled components and
  • the circuit in Figure 43 is the same.
  • the protection function of this circuit is the same as that of Figure 43 except that the switching device has a short on-time and reset time of less than 10 milliseconds within each half cycle of AC power after protection.
  • FIG. 46 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 18.
  • FIG. This circuit is a two-wire protective switch device that relies on a button to control on / off. Due to the use of current stabilization components, Xin AC power supply voltage is applicable from 25 volts to 220 volts, and the frequency is 50 Hz. The applicable range of the load current is 1 amp to 3 amps.
  • H131 is equivalent to H2 in FIG. 18.
  • the unidirectional current stabilization component 10 is composed of a diode D129, WC113, transistors BG113, BG114, a voltage regulator DZ115, and resistors R130 and R131.
  • the rectifier circuit 8 is composed of diodes D125 to D128.
  • the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R128, a DZ114, and a capacitor C116.
  • Control circuit 7 consists of push-button switches Kill and K112, resistors R126, R127, R129, and thyristor SCR112.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly uses the form of Figure 1. The specific working process is as follows: after pressing the switch Ki ll, the self-generated power source established by the AC power source 1 through the load 2 and the single-phase current stabilizing component 10 triggers the thyristor BCR11 via the resistor R129 to make it conductive, and the load 2 is powered on. After that, the self-generating power supply is maintained by the load current in the line L131, and the button switch Kill does not need to be turned on.
  • the self-generated power will be short-circuited, the thyristor BCRlll will be turned off, and the load 2 will be powered off.
  • the load current exceeds 3
  • the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 8 increases. After the voltage is divided by the electric nozzle R126.R127, the thyristor SCR112 is turned on, thereby turning off the thyristor BCR111 and completing the overload protection process.
  • Fig. 47 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 19.
  • the circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with automatic reset function.
  • the unidirectional current stabilizer 10 is composed of a transistor BG115, a current stabilizer WC114, a diode D130, a voltage regulator DZ116, and a resistor R132.
  • the circuit structure of this switchgear is the same as the circuit of FIG. 43 except that the resistor R118 in the circuit of FIG. 43 is replaced by the unidirectional current stabilization component 10. Due to the use of the unidirectional current stabilization module 10, the applicable range of the AC power supply voltage of the switching device is expanded from 25 volts to 220 volts, and other functions and characteristics are the same as those of the circuit of FIG.
  • Fig. 48 is a circuit diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 20.
  • This circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with automatic reset function.
  • the unidirectional current stabilizing component 10 is composed of a transistor BG116, a current stabilizing tube WC115, a diode Dl31, a voltage stabilizing tube DZ116 and It consists of resistor R133.
  • the circuit structure of this switchgear is the same as that of the circuit of FIG. 45 except that the nozzle R124 in the circuit of FIG. 45 is replaced with the unidirectional current stabilization component 10. Because the fish is directed to the steady-flow component 10, the applicable range of the AC power supply voltage of the switching device is expanded to 25 volts to 220 volts, and other functions and characteristics are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 45.
  • g49 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
  • the circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device.
  • Load 2 is a heater and the load current is 1 amp.
  • AC power supply voltages range from 150 volts to 220 volts and a frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the transformer H141 is equivalent to the transformer H2 of FIG. 21, and the capacitor C117 is equivalent to the impedance Z of FIG. 21.
  • the bridge rectifier circuit in FIG. 21 is composed of four diodes D132 to D135.
  • the bidirectional main circuit current component 4 uses the form of FIG. 5.
  • the rectifier, voltage regulator circuits 8, 9 and control circuit 7 of this circuit are the same as the circuit of FIG. 41, so the temperature control characteristics are also the same as the circuit of FIG. 41.
  • Fig. 50 is a detailed circuit diagram showing the tenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 11;
  • the circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device.
  • the composition of the four diodes D140 to D143 is equivalent to the bridge rectifier circuit in FIG. 22.
  • the unidirectional current stabilizing component 10 is composed of the transistors BG123, BG124, a current stabilizing tube WC116, a diode D144, a voltage stabilizing tube DZ119, a resistor R134 and Composition of R135.
  • the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 9.
  • Rectifier voltage regulator circuit 8. 9 and control circuit 7 are the same as the circuit of FIG. 49, so the temperature control characteristics of this circuit are the same as the circuit of FIG. 49. Due to the use of the current stabilization module 10, the AC voltage range of this circuit is 25 volts to 220 volts.
  • Fig. 51 is a detailed circuit diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 23;
  • the circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device.
  • Capacitor C118 is equivalent to impedance Z in FIG. 23, and diodes D145 and D146 are equivalent to diodes D1 and D2 in FIG.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 3.
  • the rectifying and stabilizing circuits 8, 9 and control circuit 7 of this circuit are the same as the circuit of Fig. 49, and the use conditions and temperature control characteristics are also the same as the circuit of Fig. 49.
  • Fig. 52 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a twelfth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 24.
  • the circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device.
  • the capacitor C119 is equivalent to the impedance Z in FIG. 24, and the diodes D151 and D152 are equivalent to the diodes D1 and D2 in FIG. 24.
  • the two-way main circuit switch assembly uses the form of Figure 7.
  • the rectification, voltage stabilization circuits 8, 9 and control circuit 7 of this circuit are the same as the circuit of FIG. 49, and the use conditions and temperature control characteristics are also the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 49.
  • Fig. 53 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 25.
  • This circuit is a two-wire contact-type temperature-controlled switchgear, load 2 is a heater, and the applicable range of load current is 1 amp to 3 amps.
  • the AC power supply voltage ranges from 150 volts to 250 volts and has a frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the transformer H151 corresponds to the transformer HI in FIG. 25
  • the capacitor C120 corresponds to the impedance Z in FIG.
  • Rectifier regulator circuit 6 by diode D153 to D156 are composed of integrated circuit IC113 and peripheral components.
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of an integrated circuit IC114 and its peripheral components, among which the resistor R138 is a slowly changing negative temperature coefficient thermosensitive nozzle.
  • the resistor R138 is a slowly changing negative temperature coefficient thermosensitive nozzle.
  • the third pin of the integrated circuit IC114 outputs a high level, so that the normally open contact of the mechanical relay JZ111 is closed, and the heater 2 is energized.
  • the resistance of the heated resistor R138 drops to 7.5K ⁇
  • the third pin of the integrated circuit IC114 outputs a low voltage ⁇ 1 , so that the normally open contact of the relay JZ111 is disconnected, and the heater 2 is powered off. 8 Volt.
  • the additional on-state voltage drop of this switching device at a load current of 1 amp is 0.8 volts.
  • JZ111 NT73C-510 (12VDC)
  • Fig. 54 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 26.
  • the circuit is a two-wire, contact-controlled, temperature-controlled switching device.
  • the numbered components form a bidirectional current stabilizing component 5.
  • the composition of ⁇ is the same as that of the circuit of FIG. 53. Due to the use of the current stabilizing component 5, the applicable range of the AC power supply voltage is expanded from 25 volts to 250 volts, and other usage conditions and temperature control characteristics of this circuit are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 53.
  • Fig. 55 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 27.
  • This circuit is a two-wire contact protection switchgear that relies on a button to control on / off. communicate with Power supply voltages range from 150 volts to 250 volts and a frequency of 50 Hz. The applicable range of the load current is 1 amp to 3 amps.
  • the transformer H161 is equivalent to the transformer H2 in FIG. 27, and the diode D163 and the resistor R147 are equivalent to the diode D and the nozzle R in FIG. 27.
  • the rectifying circuit 8 is composed of diodes D159 to D162.
  • the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R144, a voltage regulator DZ122, and a capacitor C124.
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of switches K113 and K114, electric nozzles R145, R146 and a transistor SCR113.
  • the specific working process is as follows: After pressing the switch K113, the AC power source 1 energizes the coil of the mechanical relay JZ112 through the self-generated power source established by the load 2 and the diode D163 and the resistor R147. Its normally open contact is closed and the load 2 is energized. After that, the self-generated power is maintained by the load current in the coil L161, and the switch K113 does not need to be turned on. In the future, just press the switch K 114, and the load will be powered off.
  • JZ112 NT73C- 510 (12VDC)
  • FIG. 56 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 28.
  • FIG. This circuit is a two-wire contact protection switchgear that relies on a button to control on / off.
  • the numbered elements constitute the unidirectional steady-flow assembly 10.
  • the circuit structure is the same as that of the circuit of FIG. 55 except that the diode D163 and the resistor R147 are replaced by the unidirectional current stabilization component 10. Due to the use of the current stabilization component 10, the applicable range of the AC power supply voltage is expanded from 25 volts to 250 volts, and other conditions and protection characteristics of this circuit are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 55.
  • the numbered components in the circuit in Figure 56 use the following models, for example:
  • Fig. 57 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 29.
  • the circuit is a two-wire contact-protected switching device that relies on a button to control on / off.
  • the capacitor C125 is equivalent to the nozzle Z in FIG. 29, and the diodes D165 and D166 are equivalent to the diodes D1 and D2 in FIG.
  • the rest of the composition is the same as that of the 55 circuit, so the use conditions and protection characteristics of the circuit are also the same as the circuit of FIG. 55.
  • Fig. 58 is a detailed circuit diagram showing the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 30.
  • the circuit is a two-wire, contact-controlled, temperature-controlled switching device.
  • the parameters of the transformer are the same as the transformer H161 in Figure 55.
  • the capacitor C126 is equivalent to the impedance Z in Figure 30.
  • the composition of the four diodes D167 to D170 is equivalent to the bridge rectifier circuit BR in Figure 30.
  • the rectifier, voltage regulator circuits 8, 9, control circuit 7, and mechanical relay of this circuit are the same as the circuit of Fig. 53, so the use conditions and temperature control The characteristics are also the same as the circuit of FIG. 53.
  • FIG. 59 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 31.
  • FIG. The circuit is a two-wire contact-controlled temperature-controlled switching device.
  • the composition of the four diodes D172 to D175 is equivalent to the bridge rectifier circuit BR in FIG. 31.
  • the unidirectional current stabilization component 10 is composed of the transistors BG131, BG132, the current stabilizer WC120, the diode D171, the voltage regulator DZ125, and the resistor R150. , R151, the rest of the composition is the same as the corresponding part of the circuit of Figure 58. Except that the AC power supply voltage is applicable from 25 volts to 250 volts, other conditions and temperature control characteristics of this circuit are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 58.
  • the numbered components in the circuit of Figure 59 use the following models, for example:
  • FIG. 60 and 61 are circuit diagrams showing the twentieth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 32, respectively.
  • this circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switchgear
  • load 2 is a heater
  • the applicable range of load current is 1 amp to 6 amps.
  • the AC power supply voltage ranges from 100 volts to 300 volts and has a frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the transformer H191 is equivalent to the transformer H2 in Figure 32, and the capacitors C133 and C134 are equivalent to those in Figure 32! Resistant to Z1 and Z2.
  • the main circuit switch assembly adopts the form of Figure 6.
  • diodes D190 and D191 are added.
  • the rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6 is composed of diodes D192 to D195 and an integrated circuit IC115 and its peripheral components.
  • the control circuit 7 has the same composition and function as the circuit in Fig. 41 except that the resistor R170 is added.
  • this circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with automatic reset function.
  • the transformer H1101 is equivalent to the transformer H2 in FIG. 32, and the bidirectional main circuit switch component adopts the form of FIG. 4, wherein the internal capacitance between the gate and the drain of the VMOS transistors VM116 and VM117 is equivalent to the ffi impedance in FIG. 32 Z 1 and Z 2.
  • the rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6 is composed of diodes D197 to D1100, a stabilizing tube DZ133, a capacitor C135, and a resistor R173.
  • the control circuit 7 is composed of a voltage regulator DZ132, resistors R171, R172, and a transistor SCR116.
  • the AC power supply voltage ranges from 30 volts to 220 volts and has a frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the applicable range of load current is zero to 5 amps.
  • the reset time is from 0.5 seconds to 1 second. Because the reset time is longer than the previous similar circuit, the circuit can adapt to the overload condition of the inductive load.
  • the protection function of this circuit is the same as that shown in Figure 43 except that the switching device has a short on-time and reset time every few seconds after protection.
  • the present invention provides an AC two-wire switching device using a transformer to form a self-generating power source, which changes the method of establishing a self-generating power source based on the existing technology, thereby greatly reducing the additional on-state voltage drop and the additional off-state current.
  • the effect is especially significant under high current load conditions; in addition, the attached overload signal can easily constitute overload protection.
  • the device can not only work under non-sinusoidal power conditions, but also can build a variety of self-generating power sources to make the inside of the switching device easily adapt to various control circuits and control methods. More importantly, the invention opens up the advantages of AC two-wire switching devices. A new direction for development.

Abstract

A two wires a.c switch apparatus, comprising a pair of connecting terminals, a two-way switch assembly in a primary loop connected between the terminal, a control circuit for controlling an operation of the two-way switch assembly in the primary loop and a self-energisation power circuit for providing the power to the control circuit. The self-energisation power circuit includes a rectifier, a regulated power supply circuit and at least a mutual inductor. An additional conductive voltage drop and an additional cut-off current may be greatly reduced by the two wires a.c switch apparatus according to the present invention.

Description

6/07239  6/07239
交流二线式开关装置 技术领域 AC two-wire switchgear TECHNICAL FIELD
本发明涉及交流二线式开关装置，尤其涉及一种其自生电源采^ 互感器的交流二线式开关装置。 该交流二线式开关装置只有两个连接 端子，将它以串联形式接入交流电路中，适用于控制负载的通和断。 背景技术  The invention relates to an AC two-wire switchgear, and more particularly to an AC two-wire switchgear with a self-generated power source transformer. This AC two-wire switchgear has only two connection terminals. It is connected to the AC circuit in series, which is suitable for controlling the on and off of the load. Background technique
现有的交流二线式开关装置大多由电子元件组成，开关的通断即 负载工作电流的通和断是依靠称作双向主回路开关组件的导通和截止 来完成的。 由于双向主回路开关组件主要由晶体管或晶闸管组成，因 此，这种开关装置与其它无触点开关装置一样，存在着由晶体管或晶闸 管的导通压降和截止漏电流引起的通态压降和断态电流，以下将这种 通态压降和断态电流分别称为固有通态压降和固有断态电流。  Most of the existing AC two-wire switching devices are composed of electronic components. The on-off of the switch, that is, the on-off of the load working current, is accomplished by the on-off of the so-called two-way main circuit switch assembly. Since the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly is mainly composed of a transistor or a thyristor, this switching device, like other non-contact switching devices, has an on-state voltage drop caused by the on-state voltage drop and the off-state leakage current of the transistor or thyristor. Off-state current. Hereinafter, this on-state voltage drop and off-state current are referred to as inherent on-state voltage drop and inherent off-state current, respectively.
交流二线式开关装置作为控制开关使用，其内部设置控制电路，由 自生电源作为控制电路的电源。 它与非二线式交流开关装置的区别在 于，其自生电源不能直接从交流电源经变换得到，而是从增加开关装置 的通态压降和断态电流中获得，以下将这种通态压降和断态电流的增 量称作附加通态压降和附加断态电流。 在双向主回路开关组件截止或 导通的情况下，自生电源的产生方法不同。在双向主回路开关组件截止 时，现有技术都是从交流电源通过负载经桥式整流得到自生电源，因 此，附加断态电流至少等于自生电源的输出电流。在双向主回路开关组 件导通时，现有技术产生自生电源有两种方法：第一种是在主回路中串 入稳压管，主要依靠稳压管上的电压来获得自生电源。这种方法虽然能 得到稳定的自生电源，但在大电流负载条件下，稳压管的功耗甚大；第 二种方法是主回路开关组件使用晶闸管，晶闸管处于非全导通状态，依 靠晶闸管 流过零后的一段截止区产生自生电源，因而这种方法难以 避免负载波形的畸变。而上述两种方法为得到比较稳定的自生电源，附 加通态压降至少等于自生电源电压，若自生电源电压为 5V，附加通态 压降即数倍于固有通态压降。因此，附加断态电流尤其是附加通态压降 确认本 的大幅度增加使现有技术的交流二线式开关装置在应用上受到了较大 的隈制。 The AC two-wire switch device is used as a control switch, and a control circuit is provided therein, and a self-generated power source is used as a power source of the control circuit. It differs from non-two-wire AC switching devices in that its self-generated power cannot be directly obtained from the AC power through conversion, but instead is obtained by increasing the on-state voltage drop and off-state current of the switching device. This on-state voltage drop is described below. And the increase of off-state current is called additional on-state voltage drop and additional off-state current. In the case where the two-way main circuit switch assembly is turned off or on, the generation method of the self-generated power is different. When the two-way main circuit switch assembly is turned off, in the prior art, the self-generated power is obtained from the AC power through the bridge and rectified by the load. Therefore, the additional off-state current is at least equal to the output current of the self-generated power. When the two-way main circuit switch assembly is turned on, there are two methods for generating self-generated power in the prior art: the first is to insert a voltage regulator in the main circuit, which mainly depends on the voltage on the voltage regulator to obtain the self-generated power. Although this method can obtain stable self-generating power, under high current load conditions, the power consumption of the voltage regulator is very large; the second method is to use a thyristor in the main circuit switch component, which is in a non-full-conduction state and depends on the thyristor current. A section of the cut-off area after the zero crossing generates self-generated power, so this method is difficult to avoid distortion of the load waveform. In order to obtain a relatively stable self-generated power source, the above two methods have an additional on-state voltage drop at least equal to the self-generated voltage. If the self-generated power supply voltage is 5V, the additional on-state voltage drop is several times the inherent on-state voltage drop. Therefore, the additional off-state current, especially the additional on-state voltage drop The large increase of the AC two-wire switchgear of the prior art has been greatly restrained in application.
发明内容 Summary of the Invention
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷，提供一种能大 幅度减小附加通态压降和附加断态电流的交流二线式开关装置。  The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above and provide an AC two-wire switching device capable of greatly reducing the additional on-state voltage drop and the additional off-state current.
根据本发明的交流二线式开关装置，包括：  The AC two-wire switching device according to the present invention includes:
用以接入含有负载之交流电路的一对连接端子；  A pair of connection terminals for accessing an AC circuit containing a load;
接入该一对连接端子之间，用以控制负载工作电流接通和断开的 双向主回路开关组件；  A two-way main circuit switch assembly connected between the pair of connection terminals to control the load working current to be turned on and off;
连接于双向主回路开关组件、用以控制该双向主回路开关组件动 作的控制电路；以及  A control circuit connected to the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly and used to control the operation of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly; and
连接子控制电路电源端、用以向控制电路提供工作电源的自生电 源电路，所述自生电源电路包括整流电路、稳压电路和主回路断态供电 电路以及至少一个互感器，所述互感器包括至少一个一次绕组和至少 一个二次绕组，所述一次绕组与所述双向主回路开关组件串联连接，所 述二次绕组与所述整流电路的输入端相连接。  A self-generated power circuit connected to a power source end of a sub-control circuit and used to provide working power to the control circuit. The self-generated power circuit includes a rectifier circuit, a voltage stabilization circuit, a main loop off-state power supply circuit, and at least one transformer. The transformer includes At least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding, the primary winding is connected in series with the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly, and the secondary winding is connected with an input terminal of the rectifier circuit.
根据太发明的交流二线式开关装置从根本上改变了现有技术建立 自主电源的方法，其优点主要表现在：  The AC two-wire switching device according to the invention has fundamentally changed the method of establishing an autonomous power supply in the prior art, and its advantages are mainly reflected in:
1. 对于主回路开关组件采用无触点通 /断形式的方案，与现有技 术相比能成倍地减少附加通态压降和附加断态电流，尤其在大电流负 载条件下效果更为显著；对于主回路开关组件采用有触点通 /断形式的 方案，本发明可以最小的附加通态压降来实现二线化。  1. For the main circuit switch assembly adopting the non-contact on / off scheme, compared with the existing technology, it can reduce the additional on-state voltage drop and the additional off-state current, especially under the condition of high current load. Significantly; for the scheme in which the main circuit switch assembly adopts a contact on / off form, the present invention can achieve two-wiredization with minimal additional on-state voltage drop.
2. 附带的过载信号可以方便地提供过载保护和短路保护。  2. The attached overload signal can conveniently provide overload protection and short circuit protection.
3. 能够在各种非正弦波电源条件下正常工作。  3. Can work normally under various non-sine wave power conditions.
4. 可以建立多种形式的自生电源，使之易之适应各种控制电路和 控制方式。  4. Various forms of self-generating power supply can be established to make it easy to adapt to various control circuits and control methods.
5. 在具有稳流组件的几种方案中，与现有技术相比可以成倍地扩 大交流电源电压的适用范围。  5. Among the several schemes with current-stabilizing components, the applicable range of AC power supply voltage can be doubled compared with the prior art.
6. 由于具有使用互感器而形成的正反馈作用，双向主回路开关组 件从刚导通到全导通状态的过渡时间极短，减少了导通过程中的功耗。 96/07239 6. Due to the positive feedback effect formed by the use of transformers, the transition time of the two-way main loop switch assembly from just conducting to the fully conducting state is extremely short, reducing power consumption during conduction. 96/07239
以下将结合附图和实施例对本发明的交流二线式开关装置作进一 步的详细描述，本发明其它的目的和优点也将在以下的描述中得到进 一步的体现。 The AC two-wire switchgear of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be further embodied in the following description.
附图概述  Overview of the drawings
图 1至图 12是表示适用于本发明的交流二线式开关装置的各种 主回路开关组件的示意图；  1 to 12 are schematic diagrams showing various main circuit switch assemblies applicable to the AC two-wire switchgear of the present invention;
图 13至图 32分别为表示本发明的交流二线式开关装置之第一个 实施例至第二十个实施例的电路框图；  13 to 32 are circuit block diagrams showing a first embodiment to a twentieth embodiment of an AC two-wire switching device according to the present invention;
图 33是图 15所示本发明第三个实施例的另一种形式的电路框 图；  33 is a circuit block diagram of another form of the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 15;
图 34至图 37是分别表示本发明第一个实施例的不同形式的电路 图；  34 to 37 are circuit diagrams respectively showing different forms of the first embodiment of the present invention;
图 38至图 40是分别表示本发明第二个实施例的不同形式的电路 图；  38 to 40 are circuit diagrams respectively showing different forms of the second embodiment of the present invention;
图 41和图 42是分别表示本发明第三个实施例的两种形式的电路 图；  41 and 42 are circuit diagrams showing two forms of the third embodiment of the present invention, respectively;
图 43和图 44是分别表示本发明第四个实施例的两种形式的电路 图；  43 and 44 are circuit diagrams showing two forms of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, respectively;
图 45至图 59分别是表示本发明第五个实施例至第十九个实施例 的电路图；  45 to 59 are circuit diagrams showing the fifth to nineteenth embodiments of the present invention, respectively;
图 60和图 61是分别表示本发明第二十个实施例的两种形式的电 路图。  60 and 61 are circuit diagrams showing two forms of the twentieth embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
本发明的最佳实施方式 Best Mode of the Invention
附图中相同的标号表示用相同的元件，其中各标号表示如下内容： 1 -交流电源， 2 -负载， 3和 3' -交流二线式开关的两个连接端子， 4 -双向主回路开关组件， 5 -双向稳流组件， 6 -整流稳压电路， 6'- 第二 整流稳压电路，7 -控制电路， 7' 第二控制电路， 8 -整流电路， 9 -稳压电 路， 10 -单向稳流组件， 11-机械继电器线圈， 12-机械继电器常开接点， H1、H2 -互感器， L1、L2、L3、L3'、L4、L5 -互感器线圈（其中， L2、L4也 叫第一一次绕组， L1也叫第二一次绕组， L3、L5也叫第一二次绕组， 6/07239 The same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same components, wherein each reference numeral indicates the following: 1-AC power, 2-Load, 3 and 3 '-Two connection terminals of the AC two-wire switch, 4-Bidirectional main circuit switch assembly , 5-Bidirectional Current Stabilizing Component, 6-Rectifier Voltage Regulator, 6'- Second Rectifier Voltage Regulator, 7-Control Circuit, 7 'Second Control Circuit, 8-Rectifier Circuit, 9-Voltage Regulator Circuit, 10- Unidirectional current stabilization component, 11-mechanical relay coil, 12-mechanical relay normally open contact, H1, H2-transformer, L1, L2, L3, L3 ', L4, L5-transformer coil (where L2, L4 also Called the first primary winding, L1 is also called the second primary winding, L3, L5 are also called the first secondary winding, 6/07239
L3'也叫第二二次绕组）， R -电阻器，Z -阻抗，Ζ1 -第一阻抗，Ζ2-第二阻 抗， D-二极管， D1 -第一二极管， D2-第二二极管， BR-桥式整流电路。 L3 'is also called the second secondary winding), R-resistor, Z-impedance, Z1-first impedance, Z2-second impedance, D-diode, D1-first diode, D2- second diode Tube, BR-bridge rectifier circuit.
参见图 1至图 12，它们分别是表示适用于本发明的交流二线式开 关装置的各种主回路开关组件的示意图。其中，图 1所示双向主回路开 关组件是一只双向晶闸管，它具有两个主电极端子 T1和 Τ2 以及一个 控制极端子 G1，控制信号从 G1与 T1之间输入。 图 2中，该组件由两 只双向晶闸管和一个电阻组成，具有两个主电极端子 T1和 Τ2以及一 个控制极端子 G1，控制信号从 G1和 T1之间输入。 图 3中，该组.件由 一个发光二极管和一个双向光电晶闸管组成，具有两个主电极端子 T1 和 Τ2及两个控制极端子 G1和 G2 ,控制信号从 G1和 G2之间输入。 图 中.该组件由两只 V 型槽金属氧化物绝缘铳场效应晶体管 (VMOS)组成。 图 5中，该组件由两只双极型晶体管组成。 图 6中，该 组件由两只绝缘栅双极型晶体管（IGBT)组成。 图 4至图 6中，都具有 两个主电极端子 T1和 Τ2及两个控制极端子 G1和 G2，控制信号从 G1和 G2之间输入。 图 7中，该组件由一只单向晶间管和四个二极管 组成。 图 8中，该组件由一只 V型槽金属氧化物绝缘栅场效应晶体管 和四个二极管组成。图 9中，该组件由一只双极型晶体管和四个二极管 组成。图 10中，该组件由一只绝缘栅双极型晶体管和四个二极管组成。 图 7至图 10中，都具有两个主电极端子 T1和 T2、两个控制极端子 G1 和 G2以及一个起动端子 S，控制信号从 G1和 G2之间输入。图 11 中， 该组件由两只单向晶闹管组成，具有两个主电极端子 T1和 Τ2及两个 控制极端子 G1和 G2，该组件需有两个同步的控制信号分别从 G1和 T1及 G2和 T2之间输入。 图 12中，该双向主回路开关组件由继电器 线圈 11和常开接点 12组成，控制信号加到继电器线圈 11 的两端。  Referring to Figs. 1 to 12, they are schematic diagrams showing various main circuit switch assemblies suitable for the AC two-wire switchgear of the present invention, respectively. Among them, the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly shown in FIG. 1 is a bidirectional thyristor, which has two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and a control terminal G1, and a control signal is input between G1 and T1. In Figure 2, this component is composed of two bidirectional thyristors and a resistor. It has two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and a control terminal G1. Control signals are input between G1 and T1. In Figure 3, this group of components consists of a light-emitting diode and a bidirectional photo-thyristor. It has two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and two control terminals G1 and G2. Control signals are input between G1 and G2. In the figure, the device consists of two V-groove metal-oxide-insulated VMOS field-effect transistors (VMOS). In Figure 5, the component consists of two bipolar transistors. In Figure 6, the device consists of two insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). In FIGS. 4 to 6, there are two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and two control terminals G1 and G2, and control signals are input between G1 and G2. In Figure 7, the component is composed of a unidirectional interstitial transistor and four diodes. In Figure 8, the component consists of a V-groove metal oxide insulated gate field effect transistor and four diodes. In Figure 9, the component consists of a bipolar transistor and four diodes. In Figure 10, the component consists of an insulated gate bipolar transistor and four diodes. In Figures 7 to 10, there are two main electrode terminals T1 and T2, two control terminals G1 and G2, and a start terminal S. Control signals are input between G1 and G2. In Figure 11, this component is composed of two unidirectional transistors, with two main electrode terminals T1 and T2 and two control terminals G1 and G2. This component requires two synchronized control signals from G1 and T1, respectively. And input between G2 and T2. In FIG. 12, the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly is composed of a relay coil 11 and a normally open contact 12. A control signal is applied to both ends of the relay coil 11.
图 13至图 32分别为表示本发明的交流二线式开关装置之第一个 实施例至第二十个实施例的电路框图。 参见图 13 ,它是表示本发明第 一个实施例的电路框图。图中，端子 3和 3'为交流二线式开关装置的两 个连接端子，接入由交流电源 1和负载 2组成的交流电路中。自生电源 由互感器 HI和整流稳压电路 6组成，其中 HI有三个线圈 L1、L2和 L3，线圈 L1与阻抗 Z 串联组成主回路断态供电电路，它接至端子 3和 6/07239 13 to 32 are circuit block diagrams showing the first to twentieth embodiments of the AC two-wire switching device according to the present invention, respectively. Referring to FIG. 13, it is a circuit block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, terminals 3 and 3 'are two connection terminals of an AC two-wire switching device, and are connected to an AC circuit composed of an AC power source 1 and a load 2. The self-generating power supply is composed of a transformer HI and a rectification and voltage stabilization circuit 6, where HI has three coils L1, L2 and L3, and the coil L1 and the impedance Z are connected in series to form a main loop off-state power supply circuit, which is connected to terminals 3 and 6/07239
3' ,线圏 L2的一端与双向主回路开关组件 4 的主电极 T2 (或 Tl )连 接，线圈 L2的另一端和主电极 T1 (或 T2)分别接至端子 3和 3' ,线圈 L3接至整流稳压电路 6的输入端，整流稳压电路 6的输出电压就是自 生电源电压，用作控制电路 7的电源。 因此，整流稳压电路 6的输出端 接至控制电路 7的电源端。 控制电路 7的输出端接至双向主回路开关 组件 4的控制极 G1和 G2 ,控制电路 7输出的控制信号通过控制极 G1 和 G2控制双向主回路开关组件 4的导通和截止。 在图 13的电路中， 双向主回路开关组件 4可以使用图 1至图 10 中的任何一种，不过，由 于图 1 中没有 G2端子，若使用图 1 的双向主回路开关组件 4 ,应把接 至 G2端子的引线接入 T1端子。 3 ', one end of the wire L2 is connected to the main electrode T2 (or Tl) of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4, the other end of the coil L2 and the main electrode T1 (or T2) are connected to terminals 3 and 3', and the coil L3 is connected to To the input terminal of the rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6, the output voltage of the rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6 is the self-generated power supply voltage, and is used as the power source of the control circuit 7. Therefore, the output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is connected to the power supply terminal of the control circuit 7. The output terminal of the control circuit 7 is connected to the control poles G1 and G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4. The control signals output by the control circuit 7 control the on and off of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 through the control electrodes G1 and G2. In the circuit of FIG. 13, the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 can use any one of FIG. 1 to FIG. 10. However, since there is no G2 terminal in FIG. 1, if the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIG. 1 is used, the The lead connected to the G2 terminal is connected to the T1 terminal.
对于图 13的电路，自生电源有以下两种产生方法：（1 )在双向主回 路开关组件截止时，互感器 HI 中的线圈 L1通过阻抗 Z和负载 2与交 流电源 1形成回路，在线圏 L1 中有一定的电流流过，这个电流就是附 加断态电流，现作为互感器 HI 的一次输入电流，它在二次线圏 L3上 感生出电压，这个电压经整流稳压后作为自生电源，此时，线圈 L2 中 只有晶体管或晶闸管的截止漏电流，其影响可忽略；（2)在双向主回路 开关组件导通时，线圈 L2 中流过负载 2的工作电流，则在线图 L3上 的感生电压同样经整流稳压电路 6后，作为自生电源，此时，从电流互 感器 HI 的角度看，线圏 L1和线图 L2相当于两个通过不同阻抗互相 并联的一次绕组，但线圈 L1这一路的]!抗相对很大，线圈 L1 中实际 流过的电流很小，其影响可忽略，这时，附加通态压降是线圈 L2上的 电压。  For the circuit of Fig. 13, the self-generated power has the following two generation methods: (1) When the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly is turned off, the coil L1 in the transformer HI forms a loop with the AC power source 1 through the impedance Z and the load 2, and is online 圏 L1 There is a certain current flowing in this current. This current is the additional off-state current. It is now used as the primary input current of the transformer HI. It induces a voltage on the secondary line 圏 L3. This voltage is rectified and stabilized as a self-generating power supply. When the coil L2 has only the off-state leakage current of the transistor or thyristor, its effect can be ignored; (2) When the bidirectional main circuit switch component is turned on, the working current of the load 2 flows in the coil L2, which is induced on the line L3 After the voltage is also passed through the rectification and stabilization circuit 6, as a self-generated power source, at this time, from the perspective of the current transformer HI, the line 圏 L1 and the line diagram L2 are equivalent to two primary windings connected in parallel with different impedances, but the coil L1 The resistance in one way is relatively large. The actual current flowing in the coil L1 is very small, and its effect can be ignored. At this time, the additional on-state voltage drop is the voltage on the coil L2.
对于图 13的电路，自生电源解决了二线开关装置内部控制电路 7 的电源供给，这样，就可根据控制电路 7的控制方式对负载 2进行通 / 断控制。  For the circuit of FIG. 13, the self-generated power supply solves the power supply of the internal control circuit 7 of the two-wire switching device, so that the on / off control of the load 2 can be performed according to the control mode of the control circuit 7.
图 14是表示本发明第二个实施例的电路框图。 图中，端子 3和 3' 为交流二线式开关装置的两个连接端子，接入由交流电源 1和负载 2 组成的交流电路中，自生电源由互感器 H2和整流电路 8、稳压电路 9 以及二极管 D和电阻 R组成，其中互感器 H2有两个线圈 L4和 L5 ,线 圏 L4的一端与双向主回路开关组件 4的主电极 T2连接，线图 L4的 6/07239 Fig. 14 is a circuit block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, terminals 3 and 3 'are the two connection terminals of an AC two-wire switchgear. They are connected to an AC circuit composed of AC power supply 1 and load 2. The self-generated power is composed of transformer H2, rectifier circuit 8, and voltage regulator circuit 9. And the diode D and resistor R, where the transformer H2 has two coils L4 and L5, one end of the line 圏 L4 is connected to the main electrode T2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4, the line diagram L4 6/07239
另一端与端子 3和由电阻 R、二极管 D组成的串联电路（该串联电路组 成主回路断态供电电路）的一端连接，该串联电路的另一端与整流电路 8的一个输出端、稳压电路 9的一个输入端三者连接，整流电路 8的另 一个输出端子与稳压电路 9的公共接点、控制电路 7的公共接点、主电 极 T1及端子 3'连接。 线圈 L5接至整流电路 8的输入端，稳压电路 9 的输出电压就是自生电源电压，用作控制电路 7 的电源，因此，稳压电 路 9的输出端接至控制电路 7的电源端子。 控制电路 7的输出端子接 至双向主回路开关组件 4的控制极 G1 ,相对于公共接点变化的控制信 号通过控制极 G1控制双向主回路开关组件 4 的导通和截止。 双向主 回路开关组件 4可以使用图 1、图 7至图 10中的任何一种。 The other end is connected to terminal 3 and one end of a series circuit composed of a resistor R and a diode D (the series circuit constitutes a main loop off-state power supply circuit), and the other end of the series circuit is connected to an output end of a rectifier circuit 8 and a voltage stabilization circuit. One input terminal of 9 is connected to all three, and the other output terminal of the rectifier circuit 8 is connected to the common contact of the voltage stabilization circuit 9, the common contact of the control circuit 7, the main electrode T1 and the terminal 3 ′. The coil L5 is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 8. The output voltage of the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is the self-generated power voltage and is used as the power source of the control circuit 7. Therefore, the output terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit 9 is connected to the power terminal of the control circuit 7. The output terminal of the control circuit 7 is connected to the control pole G1 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4, and the control signal for the common contact changes through the control pole G1 to control the on and off of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4. The two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 may use any one of Figs. 1, 7 to 10.
对于图 1 的电路，自生电源有两种产生方法：（1 )在双向主回路开 关组件 4截止时，交流电源 1通过负载 2与二极管 D、电阻 R和整流电 路 8的两个输出端子形成回路，在整流电路 8的输出端上产生直流电 压，这个电压经稳压电路 9后作为自生电源；在双向主回路开关组件 4 导通时，线圏 L4 中流过的是负载 2的工作电流，这个电流作为互感器 H2的一次输入电流，则在二次线圏 L5上的感生电压经过整流电路 8、 稳压电路 9后作为自生电源。 对于图 14的电路，附加通态压降是线圈 L4上的电压，附加断态电流是流过二极管 D的半波整流电流。  For the circuit of FIG. 1, there are two methods for generating the self-generating power supply: (1) When the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 is turned off, the AC power supply 1 forms a loop through the load 2 and the two output terminals of the diode D, the resistor R, and the rectifier circuit 8. A DC voltage is generated at the output of the rectifier circuit 8. This voltage is used as a self-generating power after the regulator circuit 9. When the bidirectional main circuit switch component 4 is turned on, the working current of load 2 flows through line 圏 L4. The current is used as the primary input current of the transformer H2, and then the induced voltage on the secondary line 整流 L5 passes through the rectifier circuit 8 and the voltage stabilization circuit 9 as a self-generated power source. For the circuit of FIG. 14, the additional on-state voltage drop is the voltage on the coil L4, and the additional off-state current is a half-wave rectified current flowing through the diode D.
由于图 15至图 33所示电路都是在图 13和图 14所示电路的基础 上经变换或改进而派生出来的，故它们相互之间具有不少共同之处，因 此，在接下来讨论各个实施例的具体电路之前，首先对图 15至图 33这 部分电路框图之间的相同点和区别作一综合概述。  Since the circuits shown in FIGS. 15 to 33 are derived from the circuits shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 after being transformed or improved, they have a lot in common with each other. Therefore, the following discussion Before the specific circuits of the various embodiments, first, a comprehensive overview of the same points and differences between the circuit block diagrams of FIG. 15 to FIG. 33 is given.
其中，图 15、图 25和图 26中，自生电源由阻抗 Z或双向稳流组件 5、互感器 HI和整流稳压电路 6组成，其中 HI有三个线圈 L1、L2和 L3 ,线圏 L1通过双向稳流组件 5或阻抗 Z接至端子 3和 3'，线圏 L2 通过双向主回路开关组件 4的两个主电极 T1和 T2或机械继电器的 常开接点 12接至端子 3和 3'，线圈 L3接至整流稳压电路 6的输入端。 整流稳压电路 6的输出端接至控制电路 7的电源端。 控制电路 7的输 出端接至双向主回路开.关组件 4的控制极端子 G1和 G2或机械继电 器的线圏 11 ,控制电路 7输出的控制信号通过 G1和 G2控制双向主回 96/07239 Among them, in Fig. 15, Fig. 25 and Fig. 26, the self-generating power source is composed of impedance Z or a bidirectional current stabilizing component 5, a transformer HI, and a rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6, where HI has three coils L1, L2, and L3, and line 圏 L1 passes The bidirectional current stabilization component 5 or impedance Z is connected to terminals 3 and 3 ', and the line 圏 L2 is connected to terminals 3 and 3' through the two main electrodes T1 and T2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch component 4 or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay. The coil L3 is connected to the input terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6. The output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is connected to the power supply terminal of the control circuit 7. The output of the control circuit 7 is connected to the two-way main circuit. The control terminals G1 and G2 of the switch 4 or the line 圏 11 of the mechanical relay. The control signal output by the control circuit 7 controls the two-way main circuit through G1 and G2. 96/07239
路开关组件 的导通和截止或控制电路 7输出的控制电压通过机械继 电器的线圈 11控制常开接点 12的闭合和分断。 The on-off and on-off of the circuit switch assembly or the control voltage output by the control circuit 7 controls the closing and breaking of the normally open contact 12 through the coil 11 of the mechanical relay.
图 15中的双向主回路开关组件 4可以使用图 1至图 11 中的任何 一种，由于图 1 中没有 G2端子，使用时应把接至 G2端子的引线接入 T1端子。若使用图 11 的双向主回路开关组件，应改成图 33所示，增设 线圈 L3'、第二整流稳压电路 6'和第二控制电路 7'，两个控制电路 7和 7'的输出端分别接至 G1、T1和 G2、T2 ,使用两个同步的控制信号来控 制双向主回路开关组件 4的导通和截止。  The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 in Fig. 15 can use any one of Figs. 1 to 11. Since there is no G2 terminal in Fig. 1, the lead connected to the G2 terminal should be connected to the T1 terminal during use. If the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly of FIG. 11 is used, it should be changed to that shown in FIG. 33, and the coil L3 ', the second rectification and stabilization circuit 6' and the second control circuit 7 'are added, and the outputs of the two control circuits 7 and 7' are added. The terminals are respectively connected to G1, T1 and G2, T2, and two synchronous control signals are used to control the on and off of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4.
图 16至图 24和图 27至图 32，它们的电路结构相同点如下：自生 电源都包括互感器 H2、整流电路 8和稳压电路 9或整流稳压电路 6， 其中互感器 H2有两个线圏 L4和 L5 ,线圏 L4通过双向主回路开关组 件 4的两个主电极 T1和 T2或机械继电器的常开接点 12接至端子 3 和 3' ,其中 T1与 3'连接，线圈 L5接至整流电路 8的输入端。整流电路 8的输出端接至稳压电路 9 的输入端，稳压电路 9或整流稳压电路 6 的输出电压就是自生电源电压，用作控制电路 7 的电源，因此，稳压电 路 9或整流稳压电路 6的输出端接至控制电路 7的电源端。 控制电路 7 的输出端接至双向主回路开关组件 4的控制极端子 G1和 G2或控 制极端子 G1和主电极端子 T1或机械继电器的线圏 11，控制电路 7输 出的控制信号通过 G1和 G2或 G1和 T1控制双向主回路开关组件 4 的导通和截止或控制电路 7输出的控制电压通过机械继电器的线圈 11控制常开接点 12的闭合和分断。  Figures 16 to 24 and Figures 27 to 32 have the same circuit structure as follows: The self-generating power supply includes a transformer H2, a rectifier circuit 8 and a voltage regulator circuit 9 or a rectifier voltage regulator circuit 6, of which two transformers H2 have two Line 圏 L4 and L5, line 圏 L4 are connected to terminals 3 and 3 'through the two main electrodes T1 and T2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay, where T1 and 3' are connected, and coil L5 is connected To the input of the rectifier circuit 8. The output terminal of the rectifier circuit 8 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit 9. The output voltage of the voltage stabilization circuit 9 or the rectification voltage stabilization circuit 6 is the self-generated power voltage and is used as the power supply of the control circuit 7. Therefore, the voltage stabilization circuit 9 or rectification The output terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit 6 is connected to the power supply terminal of the control circuit 7. The output terminal of the control circuit 7 is connected to the control terminals G1 and G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 or the control terminals G1 and the main electrode terminal T1 or the line 11 of the mechanical relay. The control signals output by the control circuit 7 pass through G1 and G2. Or G1 and T1 control the on and off of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 or the control voltage output by the control circuit 7 controls the closing and breaking of the normally open contact 12 through the coil 11 of the mechanical relay.
对于图 16至图 24 以及图 32，它们的不同点在于，图 18和图 23的 整流电路 8的一个输出端子与稳压电路 9的公共接点、控制电路 7的 公共接点及主电极端子 T1连接，而图 16、图 17、图 19至图 22和图 24 的整流电路 8的一个输出端子与稳压电路 9的公共接点、控制电路 7 的公共接点及控制极端子 G2连接；至于整流电路 8的另一个输出端 子，图 16是通过一个电阻 R接至端子 3 ;图 17是通过一个电咀 R接至 双向主回路开关组件 4的起动端子 S ;图 18和图 19是通过一个单向 稳流组件 10接至端子 3 ;图 20是通过一个单向稳流组件 10接至起动 端子 S ;图 21是接至一个桥式整流电路 BR的一个输出端子，该桥式整 流电路 BR的另一个输出端子接至端子 G2，该桥式整流电路 BR 的两 个输入端子通过一个阻抗 Z接至端子 3和 3'；图 22是通过一个单向稳 流组件 10接至一个桥式整流电路 BR 的一个输出端子，该桥式整流电 路 BR的另一个输出端子接至端子 G2 ,该桥式整流电路 BR的两个输 入端子分别接至端子 3和 3'；图 23和图 24是接至第一二极管 D1 的负 极，第一二极管 D1 的正极与第二二极管 D2的负极和咀抗 Z的一端连 接，咀抗 Z的另一端接至端子 3，第二二极管 D2的正极接至端子 3'。而 图 32中的整流稳压电路 6的一个输出端子与控制电路 7的公共接点 及双向主回路开关组件 4 的控制极端子 G2连接，整流稳压电路 6 的 另一个输出端子与第一阻抗 Z1和第二阻抗 Z2的一端连接，第一咀抗 Z1 的另一端连接至主电极端子 T2，第二阻抗 Z2的另一端连接至主电 极端子 Tl。 16 to FIG. 24 and FIG. 32, the difference is that one output terminal of the rectifier circuit 8 of FIG. 18 and FIG. 23 is connected to the common contact of the voltage stabilization circuit 9, the common contact of the control circuit 7, and the main electrode terminal T1. An output terminal of the rectifier circuit 8 of FIGS. 16, 17, 19 to 22, and 24 is connected to a common contact of the voltage stabilization circuit 9, a common contact of the control circuit 7, and a control terminal G2; as for the rectifier circuit 8 16 is connected to terminal 3 through a resistor R; Figure 17 is connected to the starting terminal S of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 through an electric nozzle R; Figures 18 and 19 are connected through a unidirectional stabilizer The current component 10 is connected to the terminal 3; FIG. 20 is connected to the starting terminal S through a unidirectional current stabilization component 10; and FIG. 21 is an output terminal connected to a bridge rectifier circuit BR. The other output terminal of the current-flow circuit BR is connected to terminal G2. The two input terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit BR are connected to terminals 3 and 3 'through an impedance Z; FIG. 22 is connected to one through a unidirectional current stabilization component 10 One output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit BR, the other output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit BR is connected to terminal G2, and the two input terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit BR are connected to terminals 3 and 3 ', respectively; FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode D1. The positive electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode D2 and one end of the nozzle reactance Z, and the other end of the nozzle reactance Z is connected to the terminal 3. The anode of the two diodes D2 is connected to the terminal 3 '. One output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 in FIG. 32 is connected to the common contact of the control circuit 7 and the control terminal G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4, and the other output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is connected to the first impedance Z1 It is connected to one end of the second impedance Z2, the other end of the first impedance Z1 is connected to the main electrode terminal T2, and the other end of the second impedance Z2 is connected to the main electrode terminal T1.
在图 27至图 31 中，整流电路 8的两个输出端子除接至稳压电路 9 的输入端外，还接至不同的元件或组件，即整流电路 8 的两个输出端 子，在图 27 中是通过电阻 R和二极管 D接至端子 3和 3'；图 28是通 过一个单向稳流组件 10接至端子 3和 3'；图 29是其中一个端子与第 一二极管 D1 的负极连接，另一个端子与第 '二二极管 D2的正极和端子 3'连接，第一二极管 D1 的正极与第二二极管 D2的负极和阻抗 Ζ的一 端连接，阻抗 Ζ的另一端接至端子 3 ;图 30是分别连接至一个桥式整 流电路 BR 的两个输出端子，该桥式整流电路 BR 的两个输入端子通 过阻抗 Ζ接至端子 3和 3'；图 31是通过一个单向稳流组件 10接至一 个桥式整流电路 BR 的两个输出端子，^桥式整流电路 BR 的两个输 入端子分别接至端子 3和 3'。  In FIGS. 27 to 31, in addition to the two output terminals of the rectifier circuit 9, the two output terminals of the rectifier circuit 8 are also connected to different components or components, that is, the two output terminals of the rectifier circuit 8. Is connected to terminals 3 and 3 'through resistor R and diode D; Figure 28 is connected to terminals 3 and 3' through a unidirectional current stabilization component 10; Figure 29 is one of the terminals and the negative electrode of the first diode D1 The other terminal is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 and the terminal 3 ', the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 and one end of the impedance Z, and the other end of the impedance Z is connected to Terminal 3; Figure 30 is two output terminals respectively connected to a bridge rectifier circuit BR, and the two input terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit BR are connected to terminals 3 and 3 'through impedance Z; Figure 31 is through a unidirectional The current stabilizing component 10 is connected to two output terminals of a bridge rectifier circuit BR, and two input terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit BR are connected to terminals 3 and 3 ', respectively.
对于图 16至图 24和图 27至图 32，上述与整流电路 8或整流稳压 电路 6的输出端有关的元件或组件或桥式整流电路构成了各个方案自 生电源的一部分。  For Figs. 16 to 24 and Figs. 27 to 32, the above-mentioned components or components related to the output terminal of the rectification circuit 8 or the rectification and stabilization circuit 6 or the bridge rectification circuit constitute a part of the self-generated power of each scheme.
图 16、图 19和图 24的双向主回路开关组件 4可以使用图 4至图 10中的任何一种。 图 17和图 20的双向主回路开关组件 4可以使用图 7至图 10中的任何一种。 图 18和图 23的双向主回路开关组件 4可以 使用图 1至图 3 中的任何一种，不过，使用图 3组件时，需把 G2接至 Tl。图 21和图 22的双向主回路开关组件 4可以使用图 3至图 10中的 任何一种。 图 32的双向主回路开关组件 4可以使用图 4至图 10中的 任何一种。 The bidirectional main loop switch assembly 4 of FIGS. 16, 19 and 24 may use any one of FIGS. 4 to 10. The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIGS. 17 and 20 may use any one of FIGS. 7 to 10. The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIG. 18 and FIG. 23 can use any one of FIGS. 1 to 3, but when using the assembly of FIG. 3, it is necessary to connect G2 to Tl. The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIGS. 21 and 22 may use any one of FIGS. 3 to 10. The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 of FIG. 32 may use any one of FIGS. 4 to 10.
图 15至图 32中，在双向主回路开关组件 4导通时或机械继电器 的常开接点 12闭合时，自生电源的产生方法相同。 此时，线圈 L2中或 线圈 L4中流过负载的工作电流，则在线图 L3上或线圈 L5上的感生 电压经过整流、稳压电路后作为自生电源。在双向主回路开关组件 4截 止时或机械继电器的常开接点 12分断时，自生电源的产生方法各不相 同。对于图 15、图 25和图 26 ,此时，互感器 HI 中的线圈 L1通 咀抗 Z 或双向稳流组件 5和负载 2与交流电源 1形成回路，在匝数较多的线 圈 L1 中有一定的电流流过，这个电流现作为互感器 HI 的一次输入电 流，则在二次线圈 L3上的感生电压经过整流、稳压电路后作为自生电 源；对于图 16至图 24以及图 27至图 31 ,此时，是先在整流电路 8的两 个输出端上形成直流电压，再经稳压电路 9后产生自生电源的。至于整 流电路 8的两个输出端上的这种直流电压，图 16和图 19是由交流电 源 1通过负载 2、电阻 R或单向稳流组件 10、双向主回路开关组件 4的 控制极 G2和主电极 T1之间的单向导电通路而形成的（在图 7至图 10 的双向主回路开关组件里，控制极 G2和主电极 T1之间是一只单向导 电二极管；在图 4至图 6的双向主回路开关组件里，控制极 G2和主电 极 T1之间是栅极无正偏电压的 VMOS管的源极和漏极或基极无注 入电流的双极型晶体管的发射极和集电极，同样具有单向导电通路）； 图 17和图 20是由交流电源 1通过负载 2、双向主回路开关组件 4内的 桥式整流电路 BR、电阻 R或单向稳流组件 10而形成的；图 18、图 27 和图 28是由交流电源 1通过负载 2、单向稳流组件 10或二极管 D和 电阻 R而形成的；图 21、图 22、图 30和图 31是由交流电源 1通过负载 2、桥式整流电路 BR、阻抗 Z或单向稳流组件 10而形成的；图 23和图 29是由交流电源 1通过负载 2、阻抗 Z、第一二极管 D1而形成的，此处 第二二极管 D2的作用是为容性阻抗提供交流通路；图 24是由交流电 源 1通过负载 2、咀抗 Z、第一二极管 D1、双向主回路开关组件 4的控 制极 G2和主电极 T1之间的单向导电通路而形成的，此处第二二极管 /07239 In FIGS. 15 to 32, when the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 is turned on or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay is closed, the method of generating the self-generating power is the same. At this time, the working current flowing through the load in the coil L2 or the coil L4 is used as the self-generated power after the induced voltage on the line diagram L3 or the coil L5 passes the rectification and voltage stabilization circuit. When the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 is turned off or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay is opened, the method of generating the self-generating power is different. For Figures 15, 25, and 26, at this time, the coil L1 in the transformer HI is anti-Z or bidirectional current-stabilizing component 5 and the load 2 forms a loop with the AC power source 1. In the coil L1 with a large number of turns, A certain current flows. This current is now used as the primary input current of the transformer HI, and the induced voltage on the secondary coil L3 is used as the self-generated power after rectifying and stabilizing the circuit. For FIGS. 16 to 24 and FIGS. 27 to In FIG. 31, at this time, a DC voltage is first formed on the two output terminals of the rectifier circuit 8, and then a self-generated power is generated after passing through the voltage stabilization circuit 9. As for such DC voltages at the two output terminals of the rectifier circuit 8, FIG. 16 and FIG. And the main electrode T1 is formed by a unidirectional conductive path (in the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly of FIGS. 7 to 10, a unidirectional conductive diode is between the control electrode G2 and the main electrode T1; in FIGS. 4 to In the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly of FIG. 6, between the control electrode G2 and the main electrode T1 is the source and drain of the VMOS tube with no forward bias voltage on the gate or the emitter of the bipolar transistor with no injected current at the base. The collector also has a unidirectional conductive path); Figures 17 and 20 are formed by the AC power supply 1 through the load 2, the bridge rectifier circuit BR, the resistor R, or the unidirectional current stabilization component 10 in the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 Figure 18, Figure 27 and Figure 28 are formed by AC power supply 1 through load 2, unidirectional current stabilizing component 10 or diode D and resistor R; Figure 21, Figure 22, Figure 30 and Figure 31 are powered by AC power supply 1 formed by load 2, bridge rectifier circuit BR, impedance Z or unidirectional current stabilization component 10; 23 and FIG. 29 are formed by the AC power source 1 through the load 2, the impedance Z, and the first diode D1. Here, the role of the second diode D2 is to provide an AC path for the capacitive impedance; The power source 1 is formed by the load 2, the reactance Z, the first diode D1, and the unidirectional conductive path between the control electrode G2 and the main electrode T1 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4. Here, the second diode / 07239
D2的作用与上述相同。而图 32中，是直接在整流稳压电路 6的输出端 形成直流电压 *即在交流电的正半周或负半周期间，交流电压通过第一 阻抗 Z1 以及双向主回路开关组件 4的控制极 G2与主电极 T1之间的 通路，或第二咀抗 Z2以及双向主回路开关组件 4的控制极 G2与主电 极 T2之间的通路交替地向控制电路 7供电。 The effect of D2 is the same as above. In FIG. 32, a DC voltage is formed directly at the output terminal of the rectification and stabilization circuit 6. That is, during the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle of the AC power, the AC voltage passes the first impedance Z1 and the control electrode G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 and The path between the main electrodes T1, or the second nozzle reactance Z2 and the path between the control electrode G2 of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 and the main electrode T2 alternately supplies power to the control circuit 7.
至于附加通态压降和附加断态电流，对于图 15至图 32，在双向主 回路开关组件 4导通时或机械继电器的常开接点 12闭合时的附加通 态压降是线圈 L2上或线圈 L4上的交流压降。在双向主回路开关组件 截止时或机械继电器的常开接点 12分断时的附加断态电流，对于图 15、图 25和图 26 ,是线圏 L1 中流过的交流电流；对于图 16、图 18、图 19、图 27和图 28 ,是电阻 R或单向稳流组件 10中流过的半波电流；对 于图 21、图 23、图 24、图 29和图 30，是阻抗 Z中流过的交流电流；对于 图 22和图 31，是流入桥式整流电路 BR输入端的交流电流；对于图 17 和图 20 ,是由于电咀 R或单向稳流组件 10中的电流引起的流入双向 主回路开关组件 4内桥式整流电路输入端的交流电流的增加量，对于 图 32，则是由于接入第一阻抗 Z1和第二阻抗 Z2而引起的流过线圏 L4的交流电流的增加量。  As for the additional on-state voltage drop and the additional off-state current, for FIGS. 15 to 32, the additional on-state voltage drop when the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 is turned on or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay is closed is AC voltage drop across coil L4. The additional off-state current when the two-way main circuit switch assembly is off or the normally open contact 12 of the mechanical relay is open. For Figure 15, Figure 25 and Figure 26, it is the AC current flowing in line 圏 L1; for Figure 16, Figure 18 , Figure 19, Figure 27, and Figure 28 are the half-wave currents flowing in the resistor R or the unidirectional steady current component 10; for Figure 21, Figure 23, Figure 24, Figure 29, and Figure 30, the alternating current flowing in the impedance Z Current; for Figure 22 and Figure 31, it is the AC current flowing into the input of the bridge rectifier circuit BR; for Figure 17 and Figure 20, it is the current flowing into the bidirectional main circuit switch caused by the current in the nozzle R or the unidirectional steady current component 10 The increase amount of the AC current at the input end of the bridge rectifier circuit in the module 4 is the increase amount of the AC current flowing through the line 圏 L4 due to the connection of the first impedance Z1 and the second impedance Z2.
本发明中，自生电源解决了二线式开关装置内部控制电路 7的电 源供给，这样就可根据控制电路 7的控制方式对负载 2进行通 /断控 制。  In the present invention, the self-generating power supply solves the power supply of the internal control circuit 7 of the two-wire switching device, so that the on / off control of the load 2 can be performed according to the control mode of the control circuit 7.
互感器 HI和 H2的参数根据保护用电流互感器的设计方法来决 定。对于互感器 HI，线圈 L1和线圈 L2为两个一次绕组，线圏 L3为二 次绕组。 线圏 L2的一次输入电流是负载 2的工作电流，线圏 L1 的一 次输入电流可通过改变阻抗 Z的性质和大小或双向稳流组件 5的稳流 数值来变化。如果二线开关装置在通断两种状态下，对自生电源的要求 相同，则线圈 L1 的安匝数应与线圈 L2的安匝数相同。确定线圈 L3上 的二次输出电压的大小，应根据自生电源电压和容量要求以及整流、稳 压电路的形式来决定。 对于互感器 H2，线圈 L4为一次绕组，线圏 L5 为二次绕组。 线圏 L4的一次输入电流是负载 2的工作电流。 线圏 L5 上的二次输出电压大小的确定方法，与上述的线圏 L3相同，不再重 接下来参照图 34至图 61详细描述本发明交流二线式开关装置第 一个实施例至第二十个实施例的具体电路图。 The parameters of the transformers HI and H2 are determined according to the design method of the current transformer for protection. For the transformer HI, the coil L1 and the coil L2 are two primary windings, and the coil L3 is a secondary winding. The primary input current of line 圏 L2 is the working current of load 2. The primary input current of line 圏 L1 can be changed by changing the nature and size of the impedance Z or the steady-state value of the bidirectional steady-current component 5. If the two-wire switchgear has the same requirements for self-generated power in both on and off states, the number of amp turns of coil L1 should be the same as the number of amp turns of coil L2. The size of the secondary output voltage on the coil L3 should be determined according to the voltage and capacity requirements of the self-generated power source and the form of the rectification and voltage stabilization circuit. For the transformer H2, the coil L4 is the primary winding, and the coil L5 is the secondary winding. The primary input current of line 圏 L4 is the operating current of load 2. The method for determining the magnitude of the secondary output voltage on line 圏 L5 is the same as the line 3L3 described above, and it is no longer important. Next, the specific circuit diagrams of the first to twentieth embodiments of the AC two-wire switching device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 34 to 61.
其中，图 34至图 37是分别表示图 13所示本发明第一个实施例的 几个不同形式的电路图。 参见图 34，该电路是一个二线式温控开关装 置。 交流电源 1为 220V , 50HZ ,负载 2为加热器，电流为 1A。 其中，电 容 C11相当于图 13的阻抗 Z。 双向主回路开关组件 4使用图 3的形 式。 整流稳压电路 6由 D11至 D14四个二极管和集成电路 IC11及其 外围元件组成。 控制电路 7由集成电路 IC12及其外围元件组成，其中 R13为缓变型负温度系数热敏电咀。 当电阻 R13被冷却到 30ΚΩ 时， 集成电路 IC12第 3脚输出高电平，使光电耦合器 TR11 内双向光电晶 闸菅导通，加热器通电。 当受热的电阻 R13的阻值下降至 7. 5ΚΩ时， 集成电路 IC12第 3脚输出低电平，从而使双向光电晶闸管截止，加热 器断电。  Among them, Fig. 34 to Fig. 37 are circuit diagrams showing several different forms of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 13, respectively. Referring to Figure 34, this circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switchgear. The AC power source 1 is 220V, 50HZ, the load 2 is a heater, and the current is 1A. Among them, the capacitance C11 is equivalent to the impedance Z of FIG. 13. The two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 3. The rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is composed of four diodes D11 to D14 and the integrated circuit IC11 and its peripheral components. The control circuit 7 is composed of an integrated circuit IC12 and its peripheral components, of which R13 is a slowly changing type negative temperature coefficient thermistor. When the resistor R13 is cooled to 30KΩ, the third pin of the integrated circuit IC12 outputs a high level, so that the bidirectional photoelectric thyristor in the photocoupler TR11 is turned on, and the heater is turned on. When the resistance of the heated resistor R13 drops to 7.5KΩ, the third pin of the integrated circuit IC12 outputs a low level, so that the bidirectional photo-thyristor is turned off and the heater is powered off.
除电咀 R13外，电路中其它元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  In addition to the nozzle R13, other components in the circuit use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
H11 铁心片 叠厚 12. 5毫米 H11 core sheet stack thickness 12.5 mm
X16- D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 ]  X16- D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
L11 5500匝，线径 0. 03毫米  L11 5500 turns, wire diameter 0.03 mm
L12 30匝，线径 0. 50毫米  L12 30 turns, diameter 0.50 mm
L13 1000匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L13 1000 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
IC11 =CW7663 IC11 = CW7663
IC12 = LM555 IC12 = LM555
TR11 = SP1110 TR11 = SP1110
Dll =龍 001 Dll = Dragon 001
D12= 1N4001 D12 = 1N4001
D13 = 1N4001 D13 = 1N4001
D14 = 1N4001 D14 = 1N4001
图 34 的实施例中，在负载电流为 1 安培时，附加通态压降是 0. 4 伏特，附加断态电流是 5毫安，都比现有技术成倍地减小。 该实施例的 特点是实现了传感器（此处是热敏电阻）与交流电源的电隔离。 参见图 35 ,这是一个依靠按钮来控制通 /断的大电流二线式保护 开关装置。 其特点是负载 2断电时没有附加断态电流。 使用的交流电 源电压为 100伏特至 250伏特，频率为 50赫，负载电流的变化范围是 5 安培至 25安培。 图中，互感器 H31相当于图 13 的 HI ,电容 C31相当 于图 13的咀抗 Z。整流电路由 D31 至 D34 四个二极管组成。稳压电路 由电阻 R31、稳压管 DZ31、电容 C32组成。双向主回路开关组件 4使用 图 2 的形式。控制电路 7 由按钮开关 K31和 K32、电阻 R32至 R34、晶 闸菅 SCR31 组成。具体工作过程如下：按下开关 K31后，依靠线圏 L31 中的电流建立的自生电源通过电咀 R32直接触发晶^管 BCR31 ,致使 BCR31和 BCR32导通，负载 2通电， BCR32 导通后，自生电源依靠线 圈 L32 中的负载电流来维持，按钮开关 K31就无须继续接通，以后，如 需分断开关，只要按一下开关 K32 , 自 生 电源即被短路，晶 闸管 BCR31、BCR32截止，负载 2断电。 在负载 2通电过程中，如负载电流 超过额定值（26安培），整流电路的输出电压增大，经电咀 R33、R34分 压后，使晶闸管 SCR31导通，从而使晶闸管 BCR31、BCR32截止，完成 过载保护过程。 In the embodiment of FIG. 34, when the load current is 1 amp, the additional on-state voltage drop is 0.4 volts, and the additional off-state current is 5 milliamps, which are all doubled compared to the prior art. The feature of this embodiment is that the sensor (here, the thermistor) is electrically isolated from the AC power source. See Figure 35. This is a high-current two-wire protective switchgear that relies on a button to control on / off. Its characteristic is that there is no additional off-state current when load 2 is powered off. The AC power supply voltage used is 100 volts to 250 volts, the frequency is 50 Hz, and the load current varies from 5 amps to 25 amps. In the figure, the transformer H31 corresponds to HI in FIG. 13, and the capacitor C31 corresponds to the nozzle reactance Z in FIG. 13. The rectifier circuit consists of four diodes D31 to D34. The voltage stabilization circuit consists of a resistor R31, a voltage regulator DZ31, and a capacitor C32. The two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 2. Control circuit 7 consists of push-button switches K31 and K32, resistors R32 to R34, and thyristor 菅 SCR31. The specific working process is as follows: After pressing the switch K31, the self-generating power source relying on the current in the line L31 triggers the transistor BCR31 directly through the nozzle R32, which causes the BCR31 and BCR32 to be turned on, and the load 2 is turned on. After the BCR32 is turned on, the self-generating The power supply is maintained by the load current in the coil L32, and the button switch K31 does not need to be turned on. In the future, if the switch needs to be disconnected, as long as the switch K32 is pressed, the self-generated power is shorted, the thyristors BCR31 and BCR32 are turned off, and the load 2 is powered off. When the load 2 is energized, if the load current exceeds the rated value (26 amps), the output voltage of the rectifier circuit increases. After the voltage divider of the nozzles R33 and R34, the thyristor SCR31 is turned on, thereby turning off the thyristors BCR31 and BCR32. Complete the overload protection process.
图 35 电路中的元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The components in the circuit of Figure 35 use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65
H31 铁心片 叠厚 12. 5毫米  H31 core sheet stack thickness 12.5 mm
XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 j  XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 j
L31 3000匝，线径 0. 03毫米  L31 3000 turns, wire diameter 0.03 mm
L32 2匝，线径 2. 5毫米  L32 2 turns, wire diameter 2.5 mm
L33 800匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L33 800 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
BCR31 = TLC386A D31 = 1N4001  BCR31 = TLC386A D31 = 1N4001
BCR32 = BTA26— 700 D32 = lN4O01  BCR32 = BTA26— 700 D32 = lN4O01
SCR31 =CR02AM— 1 D32 = 1N4001  SCR31 = CR02AM— 1 D32 = 1N4001
DZ31 = 2CW53 D34 = 1N4001  DZ31 = 2CW53 D34 = 1N4001
图 35 的电路中，在负载电流为 20 安培时，附加通态压降小于 0. 05伏特，这个数值与固有通态压降相比，可以忽略。这说明本发明在 大电流负载条件下，附加通态压降的降低效果特别显著。  In the circuit of Figure 35, when the load current is 20 amps, the additional on-state voltage drop is less than 0.05 volts, which is negligible compared to the inherent on-state voltage drop. This shows that the present invention is particularly effective in reducing the additional on-state voltage drop under high current load conditions.
参见图 36，这是一个使用脉冲触发通 /断的固态继电器电路，并具 有过载保护功能和过零通断功能。 允许交流电源电压的变化范围是Referring to Figure 36, this is a solid state relay circuit that uses pulses to trigger on / off. With overload protection function and zero-crossing on-off function. Allowable AC power supply voltage variation range is
100伏特至 250伏特，频率为 50赫。允许负载 2 电流的变化范围是 0. 8 安培至 3安培。 图中，除了不用按钮开关外，本电路的自生电源部分与 图 35 的电路相同，不再叙述。控制电路 7 由三部分组成：由光电耦合器 LEC61、晶体管 BG63、BG64、BG65、BG66及其外围元件组成的电路完 成脉冲触发过零导通功能；光电耦合器 LEC62、晶体管 BG62、电咀 R62、R63组成的电路完成脉冲触发过零分断功能；晶闹管 SCR61、晶 体管 BG61、电阻 R613、R614、R615组成的电路完成过载保护功能。双 向主回路开关组件 4使用图 1 的形式。电路的工作过程如下；在双向晶 闸管 BCR61截止时，整流电路输出的正弦脉动电压的过零处与交流电 源电压的过零处基本对应，这个正弦脉动电压通过电阻 R64接至晶体 管 BG63 的基极和发射极之间，使晶体管 BG63形成脉动的基极电流， 当光电耦合器 LEC61 的输入端 Y和 Y'上加上大于 10毫秒的脉冲时， 其内部的光电三极管导通，自生电源通过这个光电三极管和电阻 R65 加至晶体管 BG63 的集 电极和晶体管 BG65 的基极，此时，晶体管 BG65 的基极电流取决于晶体管 BG63 的导通情况，因此，只有在整流 电路输出的正弦脉动电压过零处附近才能使晶体管 BG63截止，从而 使晶体管 BG65、BG64 导通，触发双向晶闸管 BCR61 导通，负载 2通 电。 晶体管 BG64导通后，其集电极通过电阻 R69 向晶体管 BG66注入 基极电流，使晶体管 BG66 导通，所以，在 Y和 Y'端子上的脉冲消失 后，晶体管 BG64仍保持导通，致使负载 2持续通电。 当光电耦合器 LEC62 的输入端 W和 W'加上脉冲后，其内部光电三极管导通，使晶 体管 BG62导通，自生电源电压大幅度下降，致使晶体管 BG64截止， 而双向晶闸管 BCR61在过零处截止，负载 2断电。在负载 2通电时，若 负载电流超过额定值，整流电路的输出电压增大，使晶体管 BG61、晶 闸管 SCR61 导通，自生电源被短路，致使晶体管 BG64、双向晶闸管 BCR61截止，负载 2断电，完成过载保护动作。 100 volts to 250 volts with a frequency of 50 Hz. The allowable load 2 current varies from 0.8 amps to 3 amps. In the figure, except that the push button switch is not used, the self-generated power part of this circuit is the same as the circuit of Figure 35 and will not be described again. The control circuit 7 is composed of three parts: a circuit composed of a photocoupler LEC61, a transistor BG63, BG64, BG65, BG66 and its peripheral components to complete the pulse-triggered zero-crossing conduction function; a photocoupler LEC62, a transistor BG62, and a nozzle R62, The circuit composed of R63 completes the pulse-triggered zero-crossing breaking function; the circuit composed of transistor SCR61, transistor BG61, resistors R613, R614, and R615 completes the overload protection function. The two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 1. The working process of the circuit is as follows; when the bidirectional thyristor BCR61 is turned off, the zero crossing of the sinusoidal ripple voltage output by the rectifier circuit basically corresponds to the zero crossing of the AC power supply voltage. This sinusoidal ripple voltage is connected to the base of the transistor BG63 through the resistor R64 and Between the emitters, the transistor BG63 forms a pulsating base current. When a pulse greater than 10 milliseconds is applied to the input terminals Y and Y 'of the photocoupler LEC61, the internal phototransistor is turned on, and the self-generated power passes through this photo The transistor and resistor R65 are added to the collector of transistor BG63 and the base of transistor BG65. At this time, the base current of transistor BG65 depends on the conduction of transistor BG63. Therefore, only at the zero crossing of the sinusoidal ripple voltage output by the rectifier circuit Only near can the transistor BG63 be turned off, thereby turning on the transistors BG65 and BG64, triggering the bidirectional thyristor BCR61 to be turned on, and the load 2 is energized. After the transistor BG64 is turned on, its collector injects a base current to the transistor BG66 through the resistor R69, so that the transistor BG66 is turned on. Therefore, after the pulses on the Y and Y 'terminals disappear, the transistor BG64 remains on, causing the load 2 Continuous power up. When pulses are applied to the input terminals W and W 'of the photocoupler LEC62, the internal phototransistor is turned on, which causes the transistor BG62 to be turned on, and the self-generated power voltage is greatly reduced, causing the transistor BG64 to be turned off, and the bidirectional thyristor BCR61 is at the zero crossing Off, load 2 is powered off. When the load 2 is energized, if the load current exceeds the rated value, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit increases, so that the transistor BG61 and thyristor SCR61 are turned on, and the self-generating power supply is short-circuited, causing the transistor BG64 and the bidirectional thyristor BCR61 to be turned off. The load 2 is powered off and completed. Overload protection action.
图 36 电路的元件例如采用以下的型号或参数  The components of the circuit in Figure 36 use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 ]  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
H61 铁心片 ν τ ^ ^ 叠厚 12. 5毫米 H61 core sheet ν τ ^ ^ stack thickness 12. 5 mm
XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 j 6/07239 XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 j 6/07239
L61 20匝，线径 0. 63毫米 L61 20 turns, wire diameter 0.63 mm
L62 1000匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L62 1000 turns, wire diameter 0. 13 mm
L63 3000匝，线径 0. 03毫米  L63 3000 turns, wire diameter 0.03 mm
BCR61 = TLC386A  BCR61 = TLC386A
SCR61 = CR02AM-1  SCR61 = CR02AM-1
D61 = 1N4001  D61 = 1N4001
D62 = 1N4001  D62 = 1N4001
D63= 1N4001  D63 = 1N4001
D64 = 1N4001  D64 = 1N4001
D65 = 1N4001  D65 = 1N4001
DZ61 = 2CW54  DZ61 = 2CW54
BG61 = 9012  BG61 = 9012
BG62 = 9012  BG62 = 9012
BG63 = 9012  BG63 = 9012
BG64 = 9013  BG64 = 9013
BG65 = 9012  BG65 = 9012
BG66 = 9012  BG66 = 9012
LEC61 = GD-10  LEC61 = GD-10
LEC62 = GD- 10  LEC62 = GD- 10
参见图 37 ,这个电路是一个使用两个按钮开关控制通 /断的三相 保护开关装置，是二线式开关装置应用于三相电路的例子。电源 1是三 相 380伏特， 50赫。负载 2是 J32-2三相电机 M。这个电路的特点是去 除三相负载 2后，三相之间不存在任何电的通路。 图中，双向主回路开 关组件 4使用图 1 的形式。由于这个电路比较简单，其主要部分又与前 述的内容十分相似，现仅作以下说明：互感器 H 71有三个二次绕组 L73 7 和 L75 ,其输出电压经整流稳压后形成三个自生电源，通过电 阻 R72. R7 和 R76分别触发双向晶间管 BCR71、BCR72和 BCR73。 当晶闸管 BCR71截止时，按下开关 K71后，线圈 L71通过电机和过压 保护组件电容 C710、电咀 R717与 B相形成回路，同时通过电机 M和 电容 C711、电阻 R718与 C相形成回路，从而依靠线圏 L71 中的电流 6/07239 Referring to Figure 37, this circuit is a three-phase protective switching device that uses two push-button switches to control on / off. It is an example of a two-wire switching device applied to a three-phase circuit. Power supply 1 is three-phase 380 volts, 50 Hz. Load 2 is a J32-2 three-phase motor M. The characteristic of this circuit is that after removing the three-phase load 2, there is no electrical path between the three phases. In the figure, the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 1. Because this circuit is relatively simple, its main part is very similar to the previous content, only for the following description: the transformer H 71 has three secondary windings L73 7 and L75, and its output voltage is rectified and stabilized to form three self-generated power sources. The triacs BCR71, BCR72 and BCR73 are triggered by resistors R72, R7 and R76 respectively. When the thyristor BCR71 is turned off, after the switch K71 is pressed, the coil L71 forms a loop through the motor and the overvoltage protection component capacitor C710, the nozzle R717 and the B phase, and at the same time forms a loop through the motor M and the capacitor C711, the resistor R718 and the C phase, thereby Relying on the current in line 圏 L71 6/07239
来建立三个自生电源。 当晶闸管 BCR71 导通时，依靠流过线圈 L72的 A相电流来建立三个自生电源。 互感器 H72和 H73仅起过载保护作 用，其二次绕组 L77和 L79上的过载信号经整流、分压、延时后去分别 触发单向晶间管 SCR72和 SCR73 ,晶闸管 SCR71被触发的过程与晶 闸管 SCR72和 SCR73类同，所以，当电动机 M堵转或者任一相的电 流过大时都能关断三相主回路。 这个电路很容易增设断相保护和过热 保护，也很容易改变成传感器控制三相负载的形式。 To build three self-generating power sources. When the thyristor BCR71 is turned on, the three self-generated power sources are established by relying on the phase A current flowing through the coil L72. Transformers H72 and H73 only serve as overload protection. The overload signals on the secondary windings L77 and L79 trigger directional thyristors SCR72 and SCR73, respectively, after rectification, voltage division, and delay. The thyristor SCR71 is triggered by the process and Thyristors SCR72 and SCR73 are similar, so when the motor M stalls or the current of any phase is too large, the three-phase main circuit can be shut down. This circuit is easy to add phase failure protection and overheating protection, and it is also easy to change to a sensor to control the three-phase load.
图 37 电路的元件例如釆用以下的型号或参数：  The components of the circuit in Figure 37 use the following models or parameters, for example:
KE10-D310-0. 35- Y SJ98-65  KE10-D310-0. 35- Y SJ98-65
H71 铁心片 叠厚 10毫米  H71 core sheet stack 10 mm thick
KI10-D310-0. 35- Y SJ98-65 J  KI10-D310-0. 35- Y SJ98-65 J
L71 3000匝，线径 0· 07毫米  L71 3000 turns, wire diameter 0.07 mm
L72 20匝，线径 0. 63毫米  L72 20 turns, wire diameter 0.63 mm
L73 74 700匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L73 74 700 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
L75 800匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L75 800 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
Η72.Η73 铁心片 叠厚 12. 5毫米 Η72.Η73 Core sheet stack thickness 12.5 mm
XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 j  XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 j
L76、L78 15 匝，线径 0. 50毫米  L76, L78 15 turns, wire diameter 0.50 mm
L77 79 1500匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L77 79 1500 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
D71 至 D720= 1N4001  D71 to D720 = 1N4001
BCR71 - BTA06-700  BCR71-BTA06-700
BCR72 = BTA06-700  BCR72 = BTA06-700
BCR73 = BTA06-700  BCR73 = BTA06-700
SCR71 = CR02AM-1  SCR71 = CR02AM-1
SCR72 = CR02AM-1  SCR72 = CR02AM-1
SCR73 = CR02AM-1  SCR73 = CR02AM-1
DZ71 = 2CW54  DZ71 = 2CW54
DZ72 = 2CW54  DZ72 = 2CW54
DZ73 = 2CW54  DZ73 = 2CW54
图 38至图 40是分别表示图 14所示本发明第二个实施例的几个 不同形式的电路图。 参见图 38。 这是一个直接控制负载 2的二线式高 频振荡型接近开关装置，且带有过载保护。电源电压 1 可使用的范围是 6/07239 38 to 40 are circuit diagrams showing different forms of the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 14, respectively. See Figure 38. This is a two-wire high-frequency oscillating proximity switch device that directly controls load 2 with overload protection. The usable range of power supply voltage 1 is 6/07239
100伏特至 250伏特，频率为 50赫。负载 2 电流的范围是 0. 8安培至 3 安培。 图中，互感器 H21 中的线圈 L21相当于图 14 中的线圏 L4 ,线圏 L22相当于图 U 中的线圏 L5 ,线圏 L23是为过载保护用而新增的一 个二次绕组。 二极管 D25、电咀 R22相当于图 14 中的二极管 D和电阻 R。 整流电路 8 由 D21 至 D24 四个二极管组成。稳压电路 9 电阻 R23、 稳压管 DZ21、电容 C25组成。控制电路 7 由¾相器 F21至 F26、晶体管 BG21、BG22、BG23、线圏 L23及其外围元件组成。 双向主回路开关组 件 4使用图 1 的形式。 100 volts to 250 volts with a frequency of 50 Hz. Load 2 current ranges from 0.8 amps to 3 amps. In the figure, the coil L21 in the transformer H21 corresponds to the line 圏 L4 in FIG. 14, the line 圏 L22 corresponds to the line 圏 L5 in the figure U, and the line 圏 L23 is a new secondary winding for overload protection. The diode D25 and the nozzle R22 are equivalent to the diode D and the resistor R in FIG. 14. The rectifier circuit 8 is composed of four diodes D21 to D24. Voltage regulator circuit 9 consists of resistor R23, voltage regulator DZ21, and capacitor C25. The control circuit 7 is composed of ¾-phase devices F21 to F26, transistors BG21, BG22, BG23, line L23 and its peripheral components. The two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 1.
这个接近开关的工作过程如下：当金属探测器远离感辨头线圈 L24 时， ¾相器 F21、F22、F23 组成的高频振荡器发生振荡，叉相器 F26输出的信号不能使晶体管 BG22、 BG23 导通，晶间管 BCR21截 止，负载 2处于断电状态。 当金属探测器接近感辨头线圈 L24 ,且进入 动作距离时，高频振荡器停振，反相器 F26 的输出信号通过晶体管 BG21使晶体管 BG22、BG23导通，从而使双向晶闹管 BCR21 导通，负 载 2通电。 当负载电流超过额定值时，过载保护线圈 L23上的电压增 大，致使电容 C24上的电压变大，晶体管 BG21 截止，从而使晶体管 BG22.BG23 由导通变为截止，因此双向晶闸管 BCR21截止，负载 2断 电。 之后，电容 C24 向电阻 R25放电，其两端电压逐渐下降，下降至晶 体管 BG21开启 电压时，使之导通，从而使晶体管 BG22、BG23 由截止 变为导通，双向晶闸管 BCR21 导通，负载 2通电，这就是自动复位过 程。此后，若过载致因已去除，则负载 2将保持通电状态；若过载致因仍 旧存在，则负载 2将短暂通电后再断电。  The working process of this proximity switch is as follows: When the metal detector is far away from the sensor head coil L24, the high-frequency oscillator composed of the phase detectors F21, F22, and F23 oscillates, and the signal output by the fork phase detector F26 cannot make the transistors BG22, BG23 When it is turned on, the BCR21 of the transistor is turned off, and the load 2 is in a power-off state. When the metal detector approaches the sensor head coil L24 and enters the operating distance, the high-frequency oscillator stops vibrating, and the output signal of the inverter F26 turns on the transistors BG22 and BG23 through the transistor BG21, so that the bidirectional transistor BCR21 turns on. ON, load 2 is energized. When the load current exceeds the rated value, the voltage on the overload protection coil L23 increases, causing the voltage on the capacitor C24 to become larger, and the transistor BG21 is turned off, so that the transistor BG22.BG23 changes from on to off, so the bidirectional thyristor BCR21 is turned off. Load 2 is powered off. After that, the capacitor C24 discharges to the resistor R25, and the voltage across the capacitor gradually decreases. When the voltage drops to the turn-on voltage of the transistor BG21, it is turned on, so that the transistors BG22 and BG23 change from off to on, the bidirectional thyristor BCR21 is turned on, and the load 2 Power on, this is the automatic reset process. Thereafter, if the overload cause has been removed, load 2 will remain energized; if the overload cause still exists, load 2 will be powered on briefly and then turned off.
图 38 电路中的元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The components in the circuit of Figure 38 use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 ]  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
H21 铁心片 ^ 叠厚 10毫米  H21 core sheet ^ stack thickness 10 mm
XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 j  XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 j
L21 18 E，线径 0. 80毫米  L21 18 E, wire diameter 0.80 mm
L22 1000 匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L22 1000 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
L23 500匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L23 500 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
L24 MX— 2000铁氧体罐形磁心 G22B .200匝，线径 0. 15毫米 F21至 F26- 5C003 6/07239 L24 MX— 2000 Ferrite pot-shaped core G22B .200 turns, wire diameter 0.15 mm F21 to F26- 5C003 6/07239
BCR21 = TLC386A BCR21 = TLC386A
BG21 = 3DJ9I  BG21 = 3DJ9I
BG22 = 9013  BG22 = 9013
BG23= 9012  BG23 = 9012
D21 = 1N4001  D21 = 1N4001
D22 = 1N4001  D22 = 1N4001
D23= 1N4001  D23 = 1N4001
D24 = 1N4001  D24 = 1N4001
D25 = 1N4007  D25 = 1N4007
D26 = 1N4001  D26 = 1N4001
D27= 1N4148  D27 = 1N4148
D28= 1N4148  D28 = 1N4148
DZ21 = 2CW53  DZ21 = 2CW53
DZ22 = 2CW51  DZ22 = 2CW51
DZ23 = 2CW51  DZ23 = 2CW51
DZ24 = 2CW52  DZ24 = 2CW52
图 38 中，在负载电流为 2. 5安培时的附加通态压降为 0. 2伏特， 在电源电压为 220伏特时的附加断态电流的平均值为 10毫安。当负载 电流超过 3安培时，过载保护电路动作，自动复位时间约 30秒，可通过 改变 R25重新整定。  In Figure 38, the additional on-state voltage drop is 0.2 volts when the load current is 2.5 amps, and the average value of the additional off-state current is 10 mA when the power supply voltage is 220 volts. When the load current exceeds 3 amps, the overload protection circuit operates, and the automatic reset time is about 30 seconds. It can be re-set by changing R25.
参见图 39，这是一个在音频和超音频范围内应周的二线式保护开 关装置，依靠按钮来控制负载的通断。电源频率为 3千赫和 25千赫，波 形为双向方波，幅值为 100伏特。 负载 2是电阻性的，负载电流的幅值 为 1安培。图中，互感器 H41相当于图 14中的互感器 H2，二极管 D49、 电阻 R45相当于图 8中的二极管 D、电咀 R ,与图 14比较，这圼有些不 同，即电阻 R45、二极管 D49的串联电路是接至稳压管 DZ41上，而不 是接至整流电路 8的输出端上。 整流电路 8 由二极管 D41至 D44组 成。 稳压电路 9由电阻 R41、稳压管 DZ41、电容 C41组成。 控制电路 7 由开关 K41、K42、电 ffi R42、R43、R44、晶闸管 SCR41组成。 双向主回 路开关组件使用图 9的形式。图 39电路与图 35 电路十分相似，相同的 /07239 Referring to Figure 39, this is a two-wire protective switchgear that should be in the audio and super audio range. It relies on a button to control the on and off of the load. The power frequency is 3 kHz and 25 kHz. The waveform is a two-way square wave with an amplitude of 100 volts. Load 2 is resistive and the magnitude of the load current is 1 amp. In the figure, the transformer H41 is equivalent to the transformer H2 in FIG. 14, and the diode D49 and the resistor R45 are equivalent to the diode D and the nozzle R in FIG. 8. Compared with FIG. 14, this is slightly different, that is, the resistor R45 and the diode D49 The series circuit is connected to the regulator DZ41, not to the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 8. The rectifying circuit 8 is composed of diodes D41 to D44. The voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R41, a voltage regulator DZ41, and a capacitor C41. The control circuit 7 is composed of switches K41, K42, electricity R42, R43, R44, and thyristor SCR41. The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly uses the form of FIG. 9. The circuit in Figure 39 is very similar to the circuit in Figure 35, the same / 07239
地方，不再复叙述，不同的地方有两点：第一点是晶体管 BG41、BG42 截止时，按开关 K41后，自生电源是由交流电源 1 通过二极管 D49、电 阻 R45在稳压管 DZ41 上建立的；第二点是在双向主回路开关组件中 使用了复合双极型晶体管，在负载 2通电时，自生电源通过电阻 R42 对晶体管 BG41注入基极电流，致使晶体管 BG41、BG42导通。 There are two points in different places. The first point is that when the transistors BG41 and BG42 are turned off, after pressing the switch K41, the self-generated power is established by the AC power source 1 through the diode D49 and the resistor R45 on the voltage regulator DZ41 The second point is the use of a composite bipolar transistor in the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly. When the load 2 is energized, the self-generated power injects a base current to the transistor BG41 through the resistor R42, causing the transistors BG41 and BG42 to be turned on.
图 39 电路中的元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The components in the circuit of Figure 39 use the following models or parameters, for example:
BG41 = D1571 SCR41 = CR02AM-1  BG41 = D1571 SCR41 = CR02AM-1
BG42 = SDK1300 DZ41 = ZCW53  BG42 = SDK1300 DZ41 = ZCW53
H41 (3千赫时） MX- 2000铁氧体环形磁心 13 X 7 X 5  H41 (at 3 kHz) MX- 2000 Ferrite Toroidal Core 13 X 7 X 5
L41 10匝，线径 0. 50毫米  L41 10 turns, wire diameter 0.50 mm
L42 250匝，线径 0. 13毫米（L42加金属屏菽层） H41 (25千赫时） MX- 2000铁氧体环形磁心 10 X 6 X 5  L42 250 turns, wire diameter 0. 13 mm (L42 plus metal screen layer) H41 (at 25 kHz) MX- 2000 ferrite ring core 10 X 6 X 5
L41 2 匝，线径 0. 50毫米  L41 2 turns, diameter 0.50 mm
L42 38匝，线径 0. 13毫米（L42加金厲屏蔽层）  L42 38 turns, wire diameter 0. 13 mm (L42 plus gold shield)
D41 = 1N4148  D41 = 1N4148
D42 = 1N4148  D42 = 1N4148
D43= 1N4148  D43 = 1N4148
D44 = 1N4148  D44 = 1N4148
D45 = 2CN1B  D45 = 2CN1B
D46 = 2CN1B  D46 = 2CN1B
D47 = 2CN1B  D47 = 2CN1B
D48 = 2CN1B  D48 = 2CN1B
参见图 40，这是一个用于单相压缩泵电机的二线式保护开关装 置。 使用的电源电压范围是 100伏特至 250伏特，频率为 50赫。 负载 2是 150瓦特单相压缩泵电机 M。 图中，互感器 H51 中的线圏 L51和 L52相当于图 14 中的 L4和 L5 ,线圈 L53是为建立辅助自生电源而设 置的二次绕组。二极管 D55和电阻 R512相当于图 14 中的二极管 D和 电阻 R。 整流电路 8 由二极管 D51 至 D54 组成。 稳压电路 9 由电阻 R51、稳压管 DZ51、电容 C51 组成。 控制电路 7主要由晶体管 BG51、 BG52、BG53、BG54晶闸管、 SCR51及其外围元件组成。 双向主回路开 6/07239 Referring to Figure 40, this is a two-wire protective switchgear for a single-phase compression pump motor. The power supply voltage used ranges from 100 volts to 250 volts and the frequency is 50 Hz. Load 2 is a 150 watt single-phase compression pump motor M. In the figure, the lines 51L51 and L52 in the transformer H51 are equivalent to L4 and L5 in Figure 14, and the coil L53 is a secondary winding provided to establish an auxiliary self-generated power source. The diode D55 and the resistor R512 are equivalent to the diode D and the resistor R in FIG. 14. The rectifier circuit 8 is composed of diodes D51 to D54. The voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R51, a voltage regulator DZ51, and a capacitor C51. The control circuit 7 is mainly composed of transistors BG51, BG52, BG53, BG54 thyristors, SCR51 and its peripheral components. Two-way main circuit is open 6/07239
关组件使用图 1 的形式。 控制电路 7有停电保护、起动过流保护、运行 过流保护和自动复位等功能。 其工作过程如下：当接通交流电源 1后， 交流电源 1 通过电机 M、二极管 D55、电阻 R512在稳压管 DZ51上建 立起自生电源，自生电源通过电阻 R510、晶体管 BG54源漏极向晶体 管 BG53注入基极电流，使晶体管 BG53、BG52 导通，晶体管 BG52导 通后，其集电极输出电压通过电阻 R54触发双向晶闸管 BCR51 ,使之 导通，电机 M通电。电机 M通电后，在线圈 L53上产生输出电压，这个 电压通过二极管 D57 向 C53充电，并通过二极管 D56、电咀 R59、R510 向电容 C54充电，致使晶体管 BG54迅速截止，而晶体管 BG51 经过电 机 M起动时间后载止。 另一方靣，晶体管 BG52 导通后，其集电极通过 稳压管 DZ52 向晶体管 BG53注入基极电流，因此，即使晶体管 BG54 截止，晶体管 BG52和 BG53仍保持导通。 之后，如果交流电源 1短暂 停电后再通电.由于晶体管 BG54截止，晶体管 BG53、BG52不会导通， 电机 M不能通电，起到停电保护作用。停 后，线 S L53上感生电压消 失，电容 C53 向电阻 R511放电， 5分钟左右， C53上电压下降至晶体管 BG54开启 电压，此时，如已接上交流电源 1 或者此后接上交流电源 1 晶体管 BG54导通，使双向晶闸管 BCR51 导通，电机 M通电。 这个停 电保护的特点是初次上电或者停电超过 5分钟后再上电，不会产生电 机 M延时通电的现象。 当电机 M起动后，如上所述，晶体管 BG51截 止，这时，电机 M运行电流若超过额定值，整流电路 8 的输出电压将增 加，通过电阻 R55、R56分压后，使单向晶闸管 SCR51 导通，自生电源 被短路，致使晶体管 BG52、晶闸管 BCR51截止，电机 M断电。 以后的 自动复位与停电保护后自动通电的情况相似，即待电容 C53放电后， 晶体管 BG54导通，致使晶体管 BG52、晶闸管 BCR51 导通，电机 M再 次通电。 电机 M起动时，虽然起动电流大于运行电流，但此时晶体管 BG51 处于导通状态，而晶体管 BG51 漏源等效电阻和电阻 R57 串联 后又与电阻 R55并联，减小了单向晶闸管 SCR51 的触发电流和电压， 因此，只要选择适当的电咀 R57、R59、电容 C54 的数值，能在正常的起 动电流和起动时间情况下，晶闸管 SCR51 不会导通，而在不能起动或 者起动电流过大时，晶闲管 SCR51 导通，电机 M 断电。 起动保护后的 6/07239 Related components use the form of Figure 1. The control circuit 7 has functions such as power failure protection, starting overcurrent protection, running overcurrent protection, and automatic reset. The working process is as follows: When the AC power supply 1 is connected, the AC power supply 1 establishes a self-generating power source on the voltage regulator DZ51 through the motor M, the diode D55, and the resistor R512. The self-generating power source passes the resistor R510 and the source and drain of the transistor BG54 to the transistor BG53. The base current is injected to turn on the transistors BG53 and BG52. After the transistor BG52 is turned on, the collector output voltage of the transistor BG51 triggers the bidirectional thyristor BCR51 through the resistor R54 to turn it on, and the motor M is energized. After the motor M is energized, an output voltage is generated on the coil L53. This voltage charges C53 through the diode D57, and charges the capacitor C54 through the diode D56, the nozzle R59, and R510, causing the transistor BG54 to turn off quickly, and the transistor BG51 is started by the motor M Stop after time. On the other hand, after the transistor BG52 is turned on, its collector injects a base current to the transistor BG53 through the zener diode DZ52, so even if the transistor BG54 is turned off, the transistors BG52 and BG53 remain on. After that, if the AC power supply 1 is temporarily suspended and then re-energized. Because the transistor BG54 is turned off, the transistors BG53 and BG52 will not be turned on, and the motor M cannot be energized to play a power failure protection function. After stopping, the voltage induced on the line S L53 disappears, the capacitor C53 discharges to the resistor R511, and about 5 minutes, the voltage on C53 drops to the turn-on voltage of the transistor BG54. At this time, if AC power supply 1 is connected or AC power supply 1 is connected afterwards The transistor BG54 is turned on, and the bidirectional thyristor BCR51 is turned on, and the motor M is energized. The characteristic of this power failure protection is that the power is switched on for the first time or after 5 minutes of power failure. After the motor M starts, as described above, the transistor BG51 is turned off. At this time, if the motor M running current exceeds the rated value, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 8 will increase. After the voltage is divided by the resistors R55 and R56, the unidirectional thyristor SCR51 is turned on. When it is turned on, the self-generated power is short-circuited, causing the transistor BG52 and the thyristor BCR51 to be turned off, and the motor M is powered off. The subsequent automatic reset is similar to the automatic power-on after power failure protection, that is, after the capacitor C53 is discharged, the transistor BG54 is turned on, which causes the transistor BG52 and the thyristor BCR51 to be turned on, and the motor M is powered on again. When the motor M starts, although the starting current is larger than the running current, the transistor BG51 is on at this time, and the drain-source equivalent resistance of the transistor BG51 and the resistor R57 are connected in series with the resistor R55 in series, which reduces the triggering of the unidirectional thyristor SCR51. Current and voltage. Therefore, as long as the appropriate values of the nozzles R57, R59, and capacitor C54 are selected, the thyristor SCR51 will not be turned on under normal starting current and starting time, and when it cannot be started or the starting current is too large The transistor SCR51 is turned on, and the motor M is powered off. After starting protection 6/07239
自动复位与运行过流保护的情况相同，不再复述。 The automatic reset is the same as the case of running overcurrent protection and will not be repeated.
图 40 电路中的元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The components in the circuit of Figure 40 use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0.2-B SJ97-65|  XE6-D310-0.2-B SJ97-65 |
H51 铁心片 ντ ^ π τ 叠厚 12.5毫米 H51 core sheet ντ ^ π τ stacked thickness 12.5 mm
XI6-D310-0.2-B SJ97-65 j  XI6-D310-0.2-B SJ97-65 j
L51 50匝，线径 0.50毫米  L51 50 turns, wire diameter 0.50 mm
L52 900匝，线径 0.13毫米  L52 900 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
L53 450匝，线径 0.08毫米  L53 450 turns, wire diameter 0.08 mm
BCR51 = TLC386A  BCR51 = TLC386A
SCR51=CR02AM-1  SCR51 = CR02AM-1
BG51 = 3DJ9I  BG51 = 3DJ9I
BG52 = 9013  BG52 = 9013
BG53 = 9012  BG53 = 9012
BG54 = 3DJ9I  BG54 = 3DJ9I
D51 = 1N4001  D51 = 1N4001
D52 = 1N4001  D52 = 1N4001
D53 = 1N4001  D53 = 1N4001
D54-1N4001  D54-1N4001
D55 = 1N4001  D55 = 1N4001
D56=1N4001  D56 = 1N4001
D56=1N4001  D56 = 1N4001
D57 = 1N4001  D57 = 1N4001
DZ51 = 2CW54  DZ51 = 2CW54
DZ52 = 2CW51  DZ52 = 2CW51
DZ53 = 2CW51  DZ53 = 2CW51
DZ54 = 2CW51  DZ54 = 2CW51
图 41和图 42是分别表示图 15和图 33所示本发明第三个实施例 的两个电路图。 参见图 41,该电路是一个二线式温控开关装置，负载 2 是加热器，负载电流为 1安培。 由于电路中使用了双向稳流组件 5，交 流电源 1 电压的适用范围是 25伏特至 220伏特，频率为 50赫。互感器 H111相当于图 15的 HI,双向稳流组件 5由晶体管 BG111、BG112、二 极管 D115、D116、稳流管 WC111、WC112、稳压管 DZ111、DZ112、电阻 R116、R117组成。 双向主回路开关组件 4使用图 3 的形式。 整流稳压 电路 6 由二极菅 Dili 至 D113和集成电路 IC111及其外围元件组成。 控制电路 7 由集成电路 IC112及其外围元件组成，其中电咀 R113为 缓变型负温度系数热敏电阻。 当电阻 R113被冷却到 30ΚΩ 时，集成电 路 IC112第 3脚输出高电平，使光电耦合器 TR111 内双向光电晶闹管 导通，加热器 2通电。 当受热的电 H R113 的咀值下降到 7. 5ΚΩ 时，集 成电路 IC112第 3脚输出低电平，从而使双向光电晶闸管截止，加热器 2断电。 太电路在负载电流为 1 安培时的附加通态压降是 0. 4伏特，附 加断态 流是 5毫安。 41 and 42 are two circuit diagrams showing a third embodiment of the present invention shown in Figs. 15 and 33, respectively. Referring to Figure 41, the circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device, load 2 is a heater, and the load current is 1 amp. Because the circuit uses a bidirectional current stabilization component 5, the applicable range of the AC power supply 1 voltage is 25 volts to 220 volts, and the frequency is 50 Hz. Transformer H111 is equivalent to HI in Figure 15.The bidirectional current stabilization component 5 is composed of transistors BG111, BG112, The electrodes D115, D116, current stabilizers WC111, WC112, voltage regulators DZ111, DZ112, resistors R116, R117. The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 3. The rectification and stabilization circuit 6 is composed of two poles Dili to D113 and integrated circuit IC111 and its peripheral components. The control circuit 7 is composed of an integrated circuit IC112 and its peripheral components, among which the nozzle R113 is a slowly changing negative temperature coefficient thermistor. When the resistor R113 is cooled to 30KΩ, the third pin of the integrated circuit IC112 outputs a high level, so that the bidirectional phototransistor in the photocoupler TR111 is turned on, and the heater 2 is powered on. When the nozzle value of the heated electric H R113 drops to 7.5KΩ, the third pin of the integrated circuit IC112 outputs a low level, so that the bidirectional photo-thyristor is turned off, and the heater 2 is powered off. The additional on-state voltage drop of the Tai circuit when the load current is 1 amp is 0.4 volts, and the additional off-state current is 5 mA.
除电咀 R113外，电路中其它元件例如釆 以下的型号或参数：  Except nozzle R113, other components in the circuit such as the following models or parameters:
XE6-D310- 0. 2-B SJ97-65 )  XE6-D310- 0. 2-B SJ97-65)
H111 铁心片 叠.琴 12. 5毫米  H111 core sheet stacked. Qin 12. 5mm
XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 1  XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 1
L111 5500匝，线径 0. 03毫米  L111 5500 turns, wire diameter 0.03 mm
L112 30匝，线径 0. 50毫米  L112 30 turns, diameter 0.50 mm
L113 1000匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L113 1000 turns, wire diameter 0. 13 mm
IC111 =CW7663  IC111 = CW7663
IC112 = L 555  IC112 = L 555
TR111 =SP1110  TR111 = SP1110
Di ll 至 D114 = 1N4001  Di ll to D114 = 1N4001
D115 = D116 = 1N4007  D115 = D116 = 1N4007
BG111 = BG112= 3DA87H  BG111 = BG112 = 3DA87H
WC111 = WC112= 3DH114  WC111 = WC112 = 3DH114
DZ111 =DZ112 = 2CW53  DZ111 = DZ112 = 2CW53
参见图 42 ,该电路是一个依靠按钮来控制通 /断的二线式保护开 关装置，双向主回路开关组件 4使用图 11 的形式，因而该电路的组成 厲于图 33 电路框图示意的结构。 交流电源电压的适用范围是 25伏特 至 220伏特，频率为 50赫，负载电流的适用范围是 0. 5安培至 2安培。 具体工作过程如下：按下开关 K115后，同时建立的两路自生电源分别 使晶闸管 SCR114和 SCR115导通，负载 2通电。 此后，两路自生电源 依靠线 ¾ L172 中的负载电流来维持，开关 K115就无须接通。 按一下 开关 K116或负载电流超过 2安培时，晶闸管 SCR113和光电耦合器 LEC111 中的光电三极管导通，晶闸管 SCR114和 SCR115截止，负载 2断电。 Referring to FIG. 42, the circuit is a two-wire protection switching device that relies on a button to control on / off. The two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 11, so the circuit composition is better than the structure shown in the circuit block diagram of FIG. 33. The application range of the AC power supply voltage is 25 volts to 220 volts, the frequency is 50 Hz, and the applicable range of the load current is 0.5 amps to 2 amps. The specific working process is as follows: After pressing the switch K115, the two self-generated power sources established at the same time respectively turn on the thyristors SCR114 and SCR115, and the load 2 is powered on. Since then, two self-generated power sources Relying on the load current in line ¾ L172 to maintain, switch K115 does not need to be turned on. When the switch K116 is pressed or the load current exceeds 2 amps, the phototransistor in the thyristor SCR113 and the photocoupler LEC111 is turned on, the thyristors SCR114 and SCR115 are turned off, and the load 2 is powered off.
图 42 电路中的元件例如采用以下的型号或参数： 铁心片 The components in the circuit of Figure 42 use the following models or parameters, for example:
Figure imgf000024_0001
Figure imgf000024_0001
L171 2500匝，线径 0. 03 毫米  L171 2500 turns, wire diameter 0.03 mm
L172 30匝，线径 0. 50毫米  L172 30 turns, diameter 0.50 mm
L173 500 匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L173 500 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
L174 500 匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L174 500 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
SCR113 = CR02AM- 1  SCR113 = CR02AM- 1
SCR114 =SCR115 = CR3CM-12  SCR114 = SCR115 = CR3CM-12
BG133 = BG134= 3DA87H  BG133 = BG134 = 3DA87H
LEC111 =GD-10  LEC111 = GD-10
WC121 =WC122 = 3DH115  WC121 = WC122 = 3DH115
D176 = D177 = 1N4007  D176 = D177 = 1N4007
D178至 D185 = 1N4001  D178 to D185 = 1N4001
DZ126至 DZ129 = 2CW55  DZ126 to DZ129 = 2CW55
图 43和图 44是分别表示图 16所示本发明第四个实施例的电路 图。 参见图 43，该电路是一个具有自动复位功能的二线式短路过载保 护开关装置，互感器 H121相当于图 16的 H2 ,电阻 R118相当于图 16 的 1^。 整流电路 8 由二极管 D117至 D120组成。 稳压电路 9 由电阻 R119、电容 C114、稳压管 DZ113组成。控制电路 7 由电阻 R120、R121、 R122、R123、和晶间管 SCR111组成。 交流电源电压的适用范围是 100 伏特至 220伏特，频率为 50赫。 互感器 H121有两种规格，第一种规格 的铁心截面积较大，允许负载电流变化的范围大.可从 50毫安至 2. 5 安培， 2安培时的附加通态压降是 0. 7伏特；第二种规格的铁心截面积 小，允许负载电流变化的范围是 1安培至 2. 5安培， 2安培时的附加通 态压降小于 0. 1伏特。 双向主回路开关组件 4使用图 4的形式。 本开 关装置正常工作时，晶闸管 SCR111截止，自生电源使 VMOS晶体管 VM111 和 VM112轮流正向导通和反向导通，完成主回路的交流通 路。当负载 2被短路或负载电流超过 2. 5安培时，整流电路 8输出电压 增大，致使晶闸管 SCR111 导通， VMOS晶体管 VM111和 VM112正 向截止，开关装置分断，完成保护功能。此后，在端子 3 电位高于端子 3' 电位的半周期内，处于短路情况下，开关装置有数微秒的短暂导通；处 于过载情况下，开关装置有数微秒至数毫秒的短暂导通。 所以.本电路 在短路或过载致因去除后能迅速复位，复位时间小于 20毫秒。 43 and 44 are circuit diagrams showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 16, respectively. Referring to FIG. 43, the circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with an automatic reset function. A transformer H121 is equivalent to H2 in FIG. 16, and a resistor R118 is equivalent to 1 ^ in FIG. 16. The rectifier circuit 8 is composed of diodes D117 to D120. The voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R119, a capacitor C114, and a voltage regulator DZ113. The control circuit 7 is composed of resistors R120, R121, R122, R123, and an inter-crystal transistor SCR111. The AC power supply voltage range is 100 volts to 220 volts, and the frequency is 50 Hz. The transformer H121 has two specifications. The first specification has a larger core cross-sectional area and allows a larger range of load current variation. It can be from 50 mA to 2.5 Amp, and the additional on-state voltage drop at 2 Amp is 0. 1volt. The cross-sectional area of the core of the second specification is small, allowing the load current to vary from 1 amp to 2.5 amps, and the additional on-state voltage drop at 2 amps is less than 0.1 volts. The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 4. Open When the closing device works normally, the thyristor SCR111 is turned off, and the self-generated power causes the VMOS transistors VM111 and VM112 to alternately conduct forward conduction and reverse conduction to complete the AC path of the main circuit. When the load 2 is short-circuited or the load current exceeds 2.5 amps, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit 8 increases, causing the thyristor SCR111 to be turned on, the VMOS transistors VM111 and VM112 to be turned off in the forward direction, and the switching device to be opened to complete the protection function. Thereafter, during a half-cycle period when the potential at terminal 3 is higher than the potential at terminal 3 ', the switching device has a short conduction time of several microseconds in the case of a short circuit; in the overload condition, the switching device has a short conduction time of several microseconds to milliseconds. Therefore, this circuit can be reset quickly after the cause of short circuit or overload is removed, and the reset time is less than 20 ms.
图 43 电路中的元件例妇采用以下的型号或参数- The components in the circuit in Figure 43 use the following models or parameters −
H21 (第一种规格） H21 (first specification)
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
铁心片 叠厚 10毫米  Core sheet stack 10 mm thick
XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 ]  XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
L121 40匝，线径 0. 63毫米  L121 40 turns, wire diameter 0.63 mm
L122 2500匝，线径 0. 07毫米  L122 2500 turns, wire diameter 0.07 mm
H12 第二种规格） H12 second specification)
MX-2000铁氧体环形磁心 10X 6 X 5  MX-2000 Ferrite Toroidal Core 10X 6 X 5
L121 3 匝，线径 0. 80毫米  L121 3 turns, wire diameter 0.80 mm
L122 500匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L122 500 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
VM111 = VM112 = IRF740  VM111 = VM112 = IRF740
SCR111 =CR02AM-1  SCR111 = CR02AM-1
D117至 D120 = 1N4001  D117 to D120 = 1N4001
DZ113 = 2CW62  DZ113 = 2CW62
参见图 44，该电路是一个在超音频范围内应用的二线式自动复位 短路保护开关装置，交流电源 1是 50千赫双向方波，幅值为 100伏特。 负载电流的幅值为 1 安培左右。 除了用晶体管 BG135和 BG136替换 晶闸管 SCR111外，该电路的组成与图 31 的电路相似，因而短路保护 和自动复位过程也与图 43 的电路类似，但响应时间和复位时间不同。  Referring to Figure 44, this circuit is a two-wire automatic reset short-circuit protection switching device used in the super-audio range. The AC power supply 1 is a 50 kHz two-way square wave with an amplitude of 100 volts. The magnitude of the load current is around 1 amp. Except that the thyristor SCR111 is replaced by the transistors BG135 and BG136, the composition of this circuit is similar to the circuit of Figure 31, so the short-circuit protection and automatic reset processes are similar to the circuit of Figure 43, but the response time and reset time are different.
图 44 电路中的元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The components in the circuit in Figure 44 use the following models or parameters, for example:
H181 MX- 2000 铁氧体环形磁心 10X 6 X 5  H181 MX- 2000 Ferrite Ring Core 10X 6 X 5
L181 2 匝，线径 0. 63毫米 L182 60匣，线径 0. 13毫米（L182加金属屏蔽层） L181 2 turns, wire diameter 0.63 mm L182 60 boxes, wire diameter 0.13 mm (L182 plus metal shield)
VM114 = VM115 = IRF740  VM114 = VM115 = IRF740
BG135 = 3CG111  BG135 = 3CG111
BG136 = 9018  BG136 = 9018
D186至 D189 = 1N4148  D186 to D189 = 1N4148
DZ130 = 2CW62  DZ130 = 2CW62
45是表示图 17所示本发明第五个实施例的电路图。 该电路是一 个具有自动复位功能的二线式短路过载保护开关装置，其中，双向主回 路开关组件 4使用图 .8的形式， ¾ S R124相当于 g 17 的电阻 R，其佘 的未标号元件与图 43 的电路相同。除了起保护后在交流电每个半周期 内开关装置有短暂导通和复位时间小于 10毫秒外，该电路的保护功能 与图 43 的电路相同。  45 is a circuit diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. This circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with automatic reset function. Among them, the two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of Fig. 8. ¾ S R124 is equivalent to the resistor R 17 of g. Its unlabeled components and The circuit in Figure 43 is the same. The protection function of this circuit is the same as that of Figure 43 except that the switching device has a short on-time and reset time of less than 10 milliseconds within each half cycle of AC power after protection.
图 45 电路中标号元件例如采用以下的型号：  The numbered components in the circuit in Figure 45 use the following models, for example:
VM113 = IRF740  VM113 = IRF740
D121 至 D124 = 1N5404  D121 to D124 = 1N5404
图 46是表示图 18所示本发明第六个实施例的详细电路图。 该电 路是一个依靠按钮来控制通 /断的二线式保护开关装置，其特点是负载 2断电时没有附加断态电流。 由于使用稳流组件，昕以交流电源电压的 适用范围是 25伏特至 220伏特，频率为 50赫。负载电流的适用范围是 1 安培至 3安培。 图中，H131 是相当于图 18 的 H2。 单向稳流组件 10 由二极管 D129、WC113、晶体管 BG113、BG114、稳压管 DZ115、电阻 R130、R131 组成。整流电路 8 由二极管 D125至 D128组成。稳压电路 9由电阻 R128、DZ114、电容 C116组成。 控制电路 7 由按钮开关 Kill 和 K112、电阻 R126、R127、R129、晶闸管 SCR112组成。双向主回路开 关组件使用图 1 的形式。 具体工作过程如下：按下开关 Ki ll后，交流 电源 1通过负载 2和单相稳流组件 10建立的自生电源经电阻 R129触 发晶闸管 BCRlll，使之导通，负载 2通电。 此后，自生电源依靠线圏 L131 中的负载电流来维持，按钮开关 Kill就无须接通。 以后，如需分 断开关装置，只需按一下开关 ΚΠ2 , 自 生 电源即被短路，晶闸管 BCRlll截止，负载 2 断电，在负载 2通电过程中，如负载电流超过 3 安培，整流电路 8的输出电压增大，经电咀 R126.R127分压后，使晶闸 管 SCR112导通，从而使晶闸管 BCR111截止，完成过载保护过程。 FIG. 46 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 18. FIG. This circuit is a two-wire protective switch device that relies on a button to control on / off. Due to the use of current stabilization components, Xin AC power supply voltage is applicable from 25 volts to 220 volts, and the frequency is 50 Hz. The applicable range of the load current is 1 amp to 3 amps. In the figure, H131 is equivalent to H2 in FIG. 18. The unidirectional current stabilization component 10 is composed of a diode D129, WC113, transistors BG113, BG114, a voltage regulator DZ115, and resistors R130 and R131. The rectifier circuit 8 is composed of diodes D125 to D128. The voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R128, a DZ114, and a capacitor C116. Control circuit 7 consists of push-button switches Kill and K112, resistors R126, R127, R129, and thyristor SCR112. The two-way main circuit switch assembly uses the form of Figure 1. The specific working process is as follows: after pressing the switch Ki ll, the self-generated power source established by the AC power source 1 through the load 2 and the single-phase current stabilizing component 10 triggers the thyristor BCR11 via the resistor R129 to make it conductive, and the load 2 is powered on. After that, the self-generating power supply is maintained by the load current in the line L131, and the button switch Kill does not need to be turned on. In the future, if you need to switch off the switch device, just press the switch ΠΠ2, the self-generated power will be short-circuited, the thyristor BCRlll will be turned off, and the load 2 will be powered off. During the load 2 power-on process, if the load current exceeds 3 The output voltage of the rectifier circuit 8 increases. After the voltage is divided by the electric nozzle R126.R127, the thyristor SCR112 is turned on, thereby turning off the thyristor BCR111 and completing the overload protection process.
图 46 电路中的元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The components in the circuit of Figure 46 use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-651  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-651
H131 铁心片 叠厚 10毫米  H131 core sheet stack 10 mm thick
XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 ]  XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
L131 40匝，线径 0. 63毫米  L131 40 turns, wire diameter 0.63 mm
L132 800匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L132 800 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
BCR111 = TLC386A  BCR111 = TLC386A
SCR112 = CR02AM-1  SCR112 = CR02AM-1
BG113 = D1571  BG113 = D1571
BG114 = 3DA87H  BG114 = 3DA87H
D125至 D128 = 1N4001  D125 to D128 = 1N4001
D129 = 1N4007  D129 = 1N4007
DZ114 = 2CW54  DZ114 = 2CW54
DZ115 = 2CW60  DZ115 = 2CW60
WC113 = 3DH010  WC113 = 3DH010
图 47是表示图 19所示本发明第七个实施例的详细电路图。 该电 路是一个具有自动复位功能的二线式短路过载保护开关装置。 单向稳 流组件 10 由晶体管 BG115、稳流管 WC114、二极管 D130、稳压管 DZ116、电阻 R132组成。本开关装置在电路结构上，除了用单向稳流组 件 10替换图 43 电路中的电阻 R118外，其余的组成与图 43的电路相 同。 由于使用单向稳流组件 10，本开关装置的交流电源电压的适用范 围扩大为 25伏特至 220伏特，其它的功能和特性与图 43的电路相同。  Fig. 47 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 19. The circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with automatic reset function. The unidirectional current stabilizer 10 is composed of a transistor BG115, a current stabilizer WC114, a diode D130, a voltage regulator DZ116, and a resistor R132. The circuit structure of this switchgear is the same as the circuit of FIG. 43 except that the resistor R118 in the circuit of FIG. 43 is replaced by the unidirectional current stabilization component 10. Due to the use of the unidirectional current stabilization module 10, the applicable range of the AC power supply voltage of the switching device is expanded from 25 volts to 220 volts, and other functions and characteristics are the same as those of the circuit of FIG.
图 47 电路中标号元件例如采用以下的型号和参数：  The numbered components in the circuit in Figure 47 use the following models and parameters, for example:
BG115 = 3DA87H DZ116 = 2CW53  BG115 = 3DA87H DZ116 = 2CW53
WC114 = 3DH110  WC114 = 3DH110
D130 = 1N4007  D130 = 1N4007
图 48是表示图 20所示本发明第八个实施例的电路图。 该电路是 一个具有自动复位功能的二线式短路过载保护开关装置，单向稳流组 件 10由晶体管 BG116、稳流管 WC115、二极管 Dl31、稳压管 DZ116和 电阻 R133组成。 本开关装置在电路结构上，除了用单向稳流组件 10 替换图 45 电路中的电咀 R124外，其余的组成与图 45 的电路相同。 由 于使 鱼向稳流组件 10，本开关装置的交流电源电压的适用范围扩大 为 25伏特至 220伏特，其它的功能和特性与图 45 的电路相同。 Fig. 48 is a circuit diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 20. This circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with automatic reset function. The unidirectional current stabilizing component 10 is composed of a transistor BG116, a current stabilizing tube WC115, a diode Dl31, a voltage stabilizing tube DZ116 and It consists of resistor R133. The circuit structure of this switchgear is the same as that of the circuit of FIG. 45 except that the nozzle R124 in the circuit of FIG. 45 is replaced with the unidirectional current stabilization component 10. Because the fish is directed to the steady-flow component 10, the applicable range of the AC power supply voltage of the switching device is expanded to 25 volts to 220 volts, and other functions and characteristics are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 45.
图 48 电路中标号元件例如采用以下型号：  The numbered components in the circuit in Figure 48 are, for example, the following models:
BG116 = 3DA87H  BG116 = 3DA87H
DZ116 = 2CW53  DZ116 = 2CW53
WC115 = 3DH110  WC115 = 3DH110
D131 = 1N4007  D131 = 1N4007
g 49是表示图 21 所示本发明第九个实; ¾例的详细电路图。 该电 路是一个二线式温控开关装置，负载 2是加热器，负载电流为 1 安培。 交流电源电压的适用范围是 150伏特至 220伏特，频率为 50赫。 互感 器 H141相当于图 21 的互感器 H2 ,电容 C117相当于图 21 的阻抗 Z , 图 21 中的桥式整流电路由四个二极管 D132至 D135组成。 双向主回 路电流组件 4使用图 5 的形式。 除了在整流电路 8输出端增加稳压管 DZ118外，该电路的整流、稳压电路 8、9和控制电路 7与图 41 的电路 相同，因而温控特性也与图 41 的电路相同。  g49 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device. Load 2 is a heater and the load current is 1 amp. AC power supply voltages range from 150 volts to 220 volts and a frequency of 50 Hz. The transformer H141 is equivalent to the transformer H2 of FIG. 21, and the capacitor C117 is equivalent to the impedance Z of FIG. 21. The bridge rectifier circuit in FIG. 21 is composed of four diodes D132 to D135. The bidirectional main circuit current component 4 uses the form of FIG. 5. Except for the addition of a voltage regulator DZ118 at the output of the rectifier circuit 8, the rectifier, voltage regulator circuits 8, 9 and control circuit 7 of this circuit are the same as the circuit of FIG. 41, so the temperature control characteristics are also the same as the circuit of FIG. 41.
图 49 电路中标号元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The numbered components in the circuit in Figure 49 use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0. 2- B SJ97-65]  XE6-D310-0. 2- B SJ97-65]
H141 铁心片 ντ ^ ^ τ 叠厚 10毫米 H141 core sheet ντ ^ ^ τ stack thickness 10 mm
XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 ]  XI6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
L141 40匝，线径 0. 50毫米  L141 40 turns, diameter 0.50 mm
L142 1000匝，线径 0. 130毫米  L142 1000 turns, wire diameter 0. 130 mm
BG117 = BG119 = D1571  BG117 = BG119 = D1571
BG118 = BG120=SDK1300  BG118 = BG120 = SDK1300
D132至 D135- 1N4007  D132 to D135- 1N4007
图 50是表示图 11 听示本发明第十个实施例的详细电路图。 该电 路是一个二线式温控开关装置。 图中，四个二极管 D140至 D143的组 成相当于图 22中的桥式整流电路，单向稳流组件 10由晶体管 BG123、 BG124、稳流管 WC116、二极管 D144、稳压管 DZ119、电阻 R134和 R135组成。双向主回路开关组件 4使用图 9 的形式。整流稳压电路 8、 9和控制电路 7与图 49 的电路相同，因而该电路的温控特性与图 49 的电路相同。 由于使用稳流组件 10，该电路的交流电压适用范围是 25 伏特至 220伏特。 Fig. 50 is a detailed circuit diagram showing the tenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 11; The circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device. In the figure, the composition of the four diodes D140 to D143 is equivalent to the bridge rectifier circuit in FIG. 22. The unidirectional current stabilizing component 10 is composed of the transistors BG123, BG124, a current stabilizing tube WC116, a diode D144, a voltage stabilizing tube DZ119, a resistor R134 and Composition of R135. The bidirectional main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 9. Rectifier voltage regulator circuit 8. 9 and control circuit 7 are the same as the circuit of FIG. 49, so the temperature control characteristics of this circuit are the same as the circuit of FIG. 49. Due to the use of the current stabilization module 10, the AC voltage range of this circuit is 25 volts to 220 volts.
图 50 电路的标号元件例如采用以下的型号：  The numbered components of the circuit in Figure 50 use the following models, for example:
BG121 = D1571 D140至 D144 - 1N4007  BG121 = D1571 D140 to D144-1N4007
BG122 = SDK1300 WC116 = 3DH010  BG122 = SDK1300 WC116 = 3DH010
BG123 = 3DA87H DZ119 = 2CW60  BG123 = 3DA87H DZ119 = 2CW60
BG124 = D1571  BG124 = D1571
D136至 D139 = 1N5404  D136 to D139 = 1N5404
图 51是表示图 23 ^示本发明第十一个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个二线式温控开关装置。 电容 C118相当于图 23 中的阻抗 Z , 二极管 D145和 D146相当于图 23 中的二极管 D1和 D2。 双向主回路 开关组件 4使用图 3 的形式。 该电路的整流稳压电路 8、9和控制电路 7与图 49的电路相同，使用条件和温控特性也与图 的电路相同。  Fig. 51 is a detailed circuit diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 23; The circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device. Capacitor C118 is equivalent to impedance Z in FIG. 23, and diodes D145 and D146 are equivalent to diodes D1 and D2 in FIG. The two-way main circuit switch assembly 4 uses the form of FIG. 3. The rectifying and stabilizing circuits 8, 9 and control circuit 7 of this circuit are the same as the circuit of Fig. 49, and the use conditions and temperature control characteristics are also the same as the circuit of Fig. 49.
图 51 电路中的标号元件例如采用以下的型号：  The numbered components in the circuit of Figure 51 use the following models, for example:
TR112-SP1110  TR112-SP1110
D145 = D146 = 1N4007  D145 = D146 = 1N4007
图 52是表示图 24所示本发明第十二个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个二线式温控开关装置。电容 C119相当于图 24 中的阻抗 Z , 二极管 D151和 D152相当于图 24 中的二极管 D1和 D2。 双向主回路 开关组件使用图 7 的形式。 该电路的整流、稳压电路 8、9和控制电路 7 与图 49的电路相同，使用条件和温控特性也与图 49 的电路相同。  Fig. 52 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a twelfth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 24. The circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switching device. The capacitor C119 is equivalent to the impedance Z in FIG. 24, and the diodes D151 and D152 are equivalent to the diodes D1 and D2 in FIG. 24. The two-way main circuit switch assembly uses the form of Figure 7. The rectification, voltage stabilization circuits 8, 9 and control circuit 7 of this circuit are the same as the circuit of FIG. 49, and the use conditions and temperature control characteristics are also the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 49.
图 52 电路的标号元件例如采用以下的型号- The numbered components of the circuit in Figure 52 are, for example, the following models-
SCR113=CR3CM-12 D151 = D152= 1N4007 SCR113 = CR3CM-12 D151 = D152 = 1N4007
D147至 D150- 1N5404  D147 to D150- 1N5404
图 53是表示图 25所示本发明第十三个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个二线式有触点温控开关装置，负载 2是加热器，负载电流的 适用范围是 1安培至 3安培。 交流电源电压的适用范围是 150伏特至 250伏特，频率为 50赫。 图中，互感器 H151相当于图 25 中的互感器 HI，电容 C120相当于图 25 中的阻抗 Z。 整流稳压电路 6 由二极管 D153至 D156和集成电路 IC113及外围元件组成。 控制电路 7 由集成 电路 IC114及其外围元件组成，其中电阻 R138为缓变型负温度系数 热敏电咀。 当电咀 R138冷却到 30ΚΩ时，集成电路 IC114第 3脚输出 高电平，使机械继电器 JZ111 的常开接点闭合，加热器 2通电。 当受热 的电阻 R138 的阻值下降至 7. 5ΚΩ 时，集成电路 IC114第 3脚输出低 电 ^1 ,从而使继电器 JZ111 的常开接点分断，加热器 2断电。 本开关装 置在负载电流为 1安培时的附加通态压降是 0. 8伏特。 Fig. 53 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 25. This circuit is a two-wire contact-type temperature-controlled switchgear, load 2 is a heater, and the applicable range of load current is 1 amp to 3 amps. The AC power supply voltage ranges from 150 volts to 250 volts and has a frequency of 50 Hz. In the figure, the transformer H151 corresponds to the transformer HI in FIG. 25, and the capacitor C120 corresponds to the impedance Z in FIG. Rectifier regulator circuit 6 by diode D153 to D156 are composed of integrated circuit IC113 and peripheral components. The control circuit 7 is composed of an integrated circuit IC114 and its peripheral components, among which the resistor R138 is a slowly changing negative temperature coefficient thermosensitive nozzle. When the nozzle R138 is cooled to 30KΩ, the third pin of the integrated circuit IC114 outputs a high level, so that the normally open contact of the mechanical relay JZ111 is closed, and the heater 2 is energized. When the resistance of the heated resistor R138 drops to 7.5KΩ, the third pin of the integrated circuit IC114 outputs a low voltage ^ 1 , so that the normally open contact of the relay JZ111 is disconnected, and the heater 2 is powered off. 8 Volt. The additional on-state voltage drop of this switching device at a load current of 1 amp is 0.8 volts.
除电咀 R138外，电路中的其它元件例如采^以下的型号和参数：  In addition to the nozzle R138, other components in the circuit, such as the following models and parameters:
XE8-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]  XE8-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
H151 铁心片 叠厚 12. 5毫米  H151 core sheet stack thickness 12.5 mm
XI8-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 J  XI8-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 J
L151 5000匝，线径 0. 03毫米  L151 5000 turns, wire diameter 0.03 mm
L152 80匝，线径 0. 63毫米  L152 80 turns, wire diameter 0.63 mm
L153 1600匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L153 1600 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
IC113 = CW7663  IC113 = CW7663
IC114 = LM555  IC114 = LM555
JZ111 =NT73C-510(12VDC)  JZ111 = NT73C-510 (12VDC)
D153至 D156 = 1N4001  D153 to D156 = 1N4001
图 54是表示图 26所示本发明第十四个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个二线式有触点温控开关装置。图中，有标号元件组成双向稳 流组件 5。在电路结构上，除了用双向稳流组件 5替换电容 C120外，其 佘的组成与图 53 的电路相同。 由于使用稳流组件 5，使交流电源电压 的适用范围扩大为 25伏特至 250伏特，该电路的其它使用条件和温控 特性与图 53 的电路相同。  Fig. 54 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 26. The circuit is a two-wire, contact-controlled, temperature-controlled switching device. In the figure, the numbered components form a bidirectional current stabilizing component 5. In terms of circuit structure, except that the capacitor C120 is replaced by the bidirectional current stabilization component 5, the composition of 佘 is the same as that of the circuit of FIG. 53. Due to the use of the current stabilizing component 5, the applicable range of the AC power supply voltage is expanded from 25 volts to 250 volts, and other usage conditions and temperature control characteristics of this circuit are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 53.
图 5 电路中的标号元件例如采用以下的型号：  The numbered components in the circuit of Figure 5 use the following models, for example:
BG125 = BG127= 3DA87H D157 = D158= 1N4007 BG125 = BG127 = 3DA87H D157 = D158 = 1N4007
BG126 = BG128 = D1571 BG126 = BG128 = D1571
WC117 = WC118= 3DH010  WC117 = WC118 = 3DH010
DZ120=DZ121 = 2CW60  DZ120 = DZ121 = 2CW60
图 55是表示图 27所示本发明第十五个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个依靠按钮来控制通 /断的二线式有触点保护开关装置。交流 电源电压的适用范围为 150伏特至 250伏特，频率为 50赫。 负载电流 的适用范围是 1 安培至 3安培。 图中，互感器 H161相当于图 27 中的 互感器 H2 ,二极管 D163和电阻 R147相当于图 27 中的二极管 D和电 咀 R。 整流电路 8 由二极管 D159至 D162组成。 稳压电路 9 由电阻 R144、稳压管 DZ122、电容 C124 组成。 控制 电路 7 由开关 K113和 K114、电咀 R145、R146和晶闹管 SCR113组成。 具体工作过程如下： 按下开关 K113后，交流电源 1通过负载 2和二极管 D163、电阻 R147 建立的自生电源使机械继电器 JZ112 的线圈通电.其常开接点闭合，负 载 2通电。 此后，自生电源依靠线圈 L161 中的负载电流来维持，开关 K113就无須接通。 以后，只需按一下开关 K 114 ,负载即可断电。 在负 载 2通电过程中，负载电流若超过 3安培，会使晶闸管 SCR113 导通， 继电器 JZ112的线圈断电，常开接点分断，完成过载保护动作。 该电路 在负载电流为 1 安培时的附加通态压降是 0. 7伏特。 Fig. 55 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 27. This circuit is a two-wire contact protection switchgear that relies on a button to control on / off. communicate with Power supply voltages range from 150 volts to 250 volts and a frequency of 50 Hz. The applicable range of the load current is 1 amp to 3 amps. In the figure, the transformer H161 is equivalent to the transformer H2 in FIG. 27, and the diode D163 and the resistor R147 are equivalent to the diode D and the nozzle R in FIG. 27. The rectifying circuit 8 is composed of diodes D159 to D162. The voltage stabilization circuit 9 is composed of a resistor R144, a voltage regulator DZ122, and a capacitor C124. The control circuit 7 is composed of switches K113 and K114, electric nozzles R145, R146 and a transistor SCR113. The specific working process is as follows: After pressing the switch K113, the AC power source 1 energizes the coil of the mechanical relay JZ112 through the self-generated power source established by the load 2 and the diode D163 and the resistor R147. Its normally open contact is closed and the load 2 is energized. After that, the self-generated power is maintained by the load current in the coil L161, and the switch K113 does not need to be turned on. In the future, just press the switch K 114, and the load will be powered off. When the load 2 is energized, if the load current exceeds 3 amps, the thyristor SCR113 will be turned on, the coil of the relay JZ112 will be powered off, and the normally open contact will be disconnected to complete the overload protection action. 7volts. The additional on-state voltage drop of this circuit at a load current of 1 amp is 0.7 volts.
图 55 电路中的元件例如采用以下的型号和参数：  The components in the circuit in Figure 55 use the following models and parameters, for example:
XE8-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-651  XE8-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-651
H161 铁心片 ^ ^ τ 叠厚 12. 5毫米 H161 laminations ^ ^ τ stack thickness of 1 2.5 mm
XI8-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 I XI8-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 I
L161 80匝，线径 0. 71 毫米 L161 80 turns, wire diameter 0.71 mm
L162 1600匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L162 1600 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
JZ112 = NT73C- 510(12VDC)  JZ112 = NT73C- 510 (12VDC)
SCR113 = CR02AM-1  SCR113 = CR02AM-1
D159至 D162= 1N4001  D159 to D162 = 1N4001
D163= 1N4007  D163 = 1N4007
DZ122 = 2CW60  DZ122 = 2CW60
图 56是表示图 28所示本发明第十六个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个依靠按钮来控制通 /断的二线式有触点保护开关装置。 图 中，有标号的元件组成单向稳流组件 10。 在电路结构上，除了用单向稳 流组件 10替换二极管 D163和电阻 R147外，其佘的组成与图 55 的电 路相同。 由于使用稳流组件 10，使交流电源电压的适用范围扩大为 25 伏特至 250伏特，该电路的其它使用条件和保护特性与图 55 的电路相 同。 图 56 电路中的标号元件例如采用以下的型号： FIG. 56 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 28. FIG. This circuit is a two-wire contact protection switchgear that relies on a button to control on / off. In the figure, the numbered elements constitute the unidirectional steady-flow assembly 10. The circuit structure is the same as that of the circuit of FIG. 55 except that the diode D163 and the resistor R147 are replaced by the unidirectional current stabilization component 10. Due to the use of the current stabilization component 10, the applicable range of the AC power supply voltage is expanded from 25 volts to 250 volts, and other conditions and protection characteristics of this circuit are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 55. The numbered components in the circuit in Figure 56 use the following models, for example:
BG129 = 3DA87H DZ123 = 2CW60  BG129 = 3DA87H DZ123 = 2CW60
BG130 = D1571  BG130 = D1571
WC119 = 3DH030  WC119 = 3DH030
D164 = 1N4007  D164 = 1N4007
图 57是表示图 29所示本发明第十七个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个依靠按钮来控制通 /断的二线式有触点保护开关装置。 图 中， ¾容 C125相当于图 29 中的咀抗 Z ,二极管 D165和 D166相当于 图 29中的二极管 D1和 D2。 在电路结构上，除了用电容 C125、二极管 D165、D166替换二极管 D163和电阻 R147外，其余的组成与 55的 电路相同，因而该电路的使用条件和保护特性也与图 55的电路相同。  Fig. 57 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 29. The circuit is a two-wire contact-protected switching device that relies on a button to control on / off. In the figure, the capacitor C125 is equivalent to the nozzle Z in FIG. 29, and the diodes D165 and D166 are equivalent to the diodes D1 and D2 in FIG. In terms of circuit structure, except that the capacitor C125, diodes D165, and D166 are used to replace the diode D163 and the resistor R147, the rest of the composition is the same as that of the 55 circuit, so the use conditions and protection characteristics of the circuit are also the same as the circuit of FIG. 55.
图 57 电路中的标号元件例如采用以下的型号：  The numbered components in the circuit in Figure 57 use the following models, for example:
D165 = D166= 1N4007  D165 = D166 = 1N4007
图 58是表示图 30所示本发明第十八个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个二线式有触点温控开关装置。 图中，互感器的参数与图 55 中互感器 H161相同，电容 C126相当于图 30中的阻抗 Z ,四个二极管 D167至 D170的组成相当于图 30中的桥式整流电路 BR。 在电路结构 上，除在整流电路 8输出端增设稳压管 DZ124外，该电路的整流、稳压 电路 8、9、控制电路 7及机械继电器与图 53 的电路相同，因而使用条 件和温控特性也与图 53的电路相同。  Fig. 58 is a detailed circuit diagram showing the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 30. The circuit is a two-wire, contact-controlled, temperature-controlled switching device. In the figure, the parameters of the transformer are the same as the transformer H161 in Figure 55. The capacitor C126 is equivalent to the impedance Z in Figure 30. The composition of the four diodes D167 to D170 is equivalent to the bridge rectifier circuit BR in Figure 30. In terms of circuit structure, except for the addition of a voltage regulator DZ124 at the output of the rectifier circuit 8, the rectifier, voltage regulator circuits 8, 9, control circuit 7, and mechanical relay of this circuit are the same as the circuit of Fig. 53, so the use conditions and temperature control The characteristics are also the same as the circuit of FIG. 53.
图 58 电路中的标号元件例如采用以下的型号：  The numbered components in the circuit of Figure 58 use the following models, for example:
D167至 D170 = 1N4007  D167 to D170 = 1N4007
DZ124 = 2CW62  DZ124 = 2CW62
图 59是表示图 31所示本发明第十九个实施例的详细电路图。 该 电路是一个二线式有触点温控开关装置。 图中，四个二极管 D172至 D175的组成相当于图 31 中的桥式整流电路 BR ,单向稳流组件 10由 晶体管 BG131、BG132、稳流管 WC120、二极管 D171、稳压管 DZ125、 电阻 R150、R151组成，其余的组成与图 58电路的对应部分相同。除了 交流电源电压适用范围为 25伏特至 250伏特外，该电路的其它使用条 件和温控特性与图 58的电路相同。 图 59 电路中的标号元件例如采用以下的型号： FIG. 59 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 31. FIG. The circuit is a two-wire contact-controlled temperature-controlled switching device. In the figure, the composition of the four diodes D172 to D175 is equivalent to the bridge rectifier circuit BR in FIG. 31. The unidirectional current stabilization component 10 is composed of the transistors BG131, BG132, the current stabilizer WC120, the diode D171, the voltage regulator DZ125, and the resistor R150. , R151, the rest of the composition is the same as the corresponding part of the circuit of Figure 58. Except that the AC power supply voltage is applicable from 25 volts to 250 volts, other conditions and temperature control characteristics of this circuit are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 58. The numbered components in the circuit of Figure 59 use the following models, for example:
BG131 = 3DA87H DZ125 = 2CW60  BG131 = 3DA87H DZ125 = 2CW60
BG132 = D1571  BG132 = D1571
WC120 = 3DH030  WC120 = 3DH030
D171至 D175 = 1N4007  D171 to D175 = 1N4007
图 60和图 61 是分别表示图 32 所示本发明第二十个实施例的电 路图。 参见图 60 ,该电路是一个二线式温控开关装置，负载 2是加热 器，负载电流的适用范围为 1 安培至 6安培。交流电源电压的适用范围 为 100伏特至 300伏特，頻率为 50赫。 互感器 H191相当于图 32 的互 感器 H2 ,电容 C133和 C134相当于图 32 中的!！抗 Z1和 Z2。 ^向主回 路开关组件采用图 6 的形式，为了减小两个 IGBT 菅 IG111 和 IG112 的反向压降，增设了二极管 D190和 D191。 整流稳压电路 6 由二极管 D192至 D195和集成电路 IC115及其外围元件组成。 控制电路 7除增 加了 电阻 R170外，其组成和功能与图 41 的电路相同。  60 and 61 are circuit diagrams showing the twentieth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 32, respectively. Referring to Figure 60, this circuit is a two-wire temperature-controlled switchgear, load 2 is a heater, and the applicable range of load current is 1 amp to 6 amps. The AC power supply voltage ranges from 100 volts to 300 volts and has a frequency of 50 Hz. The transformer H191 is equivalent to the transformer H2 in Figure 32, and the capacitors C133 and C134 are equivalent to those in Figure 32! Resistant to Z1 and Z2. ^ The main circuit switch assembly adopts the form of Figure 6. In order to reduce the reverse voltage drop of the two IGBTs 菅 IG111 and IG112, diodes D190 and D191 are added. The rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6 is composed of diodes D192 to D195 and an integrated circuit IC115 and its peripheral components. The control circuit 7 has the same composition and function as the circuit in Fig. 41 except that the resistor R170 is added.
图 60 电路中的标号元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The numbered components in the circuit of Figure 60 use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-651  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-651
H191 铁心片 、 叠厚 12. 5毫米  H191 core sheet, stack thickness 12.5 mm
XI6-D310- 0. 2-B SJ97-65 j  XI6-D310- 0. 2-B SJ97-65 j
L191 20匝，线径 0. 50毫米  L191 20 turns, diameter 0.50 mm
L192 1500匝，线径 0. 13毫米  L192 1500 turns, wire diameter 0.13 mm
IC151 =CW7663 IGlll = IG112 = GT8Q101  IC151 = CW7663 IGlll = IG112 = GT8Q101
D190=D191 =P600G D192至 D196 = 1N4001  D190 = D191 = P600G D192 to D196 = 1N4001
DZ131 = 2CW60  DZ131 = 2CW60
参见图 61 ,该电路是一个具有自动复位功能的二线式短路过载保 护开关装置。 互感器 H1101相当于图 32 中的互感器 H2，双向主回路 开关组件采用图 4 的形式，其中，VMOS晶体管 VM116和 VM117 的 栅极与漏极之间的内部电容相当于图 32 中的 ffi抗 Z 1和 Z 2。整流稳压 电路 6 由二极管 D197 至 D1100及稳压管 DZ133、电容 C135、电阻 R173组成。 控制电路 7 由稳压管 DZ132、电阻 R171、R172和晶闹管 SCR116组成。 交流电源电压的适用范围是 30伏特至 220伏特，频率 为 50赫。 负载电流的适用范围是零至 5安培。 当交流电源电压为 220 伏特时，复位时间是 0. 5秒至 1秒。由于复位时间比前述同类电路延长 了，所以该电路能够适应感性负载的过载情况。除了起保护后每隔数秒 开关装置有短暂导通和复位时间较长外，该电路的保护功能与图 43所 示电路相同。 Referring to Figure 61, this circuit is a two-wire short-circuit overload protection switching device with automatic reset function. The transformer H1101 is equivalent to the transformer H2 in FIG. 32, and the bidirectional main circuit switch component adopts the form of FIG. 4, wherein the internal capacitance between the gate and the drain of the VMOS transistors VM116 and VM117 is equivalent to the ffi impedance in FIG. 32 Z 1 and Z 2. The rectifying and stabilizing circuit 6 is composed of diodes D197 to D1100, a stabilizing tube DZ133, a capacitor C135, and a resistor R173. The control circuit 7 is composed of a voltage regulator DZ132, resistors R171, R172, and a transistor SCR116. The AC power supply voltage ranges from 30 volts to 220 volts and has a frequency of 50 Hz. The applicable range of load current is zero to 5 amps. When AC power voltage is 220 At volts, the reset time is from 0.5 seconds to 1 second. Because the reset time is longer than the previous similar circuit, the circuit can adapt to the overload condition of the inductive load. The protection function of this circuit is the same as that shown in Figure 43 except that the switching device has a short on-time and reset time every few seconds after protection.
图 61 电路中的标号元件例如采用以下的型号或参数：  The numbered components in the circuit of Figure 61 use the following models or parameters, for example:
XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65 ]  XE6-D310-0. 2-B SJ97-65]
H1101 铁心片 叠厚 10毫米  H1101 core sheet stack thickness 10 mm
XI6-D310-0. 2- B SJ97-65 j  XI6-D310-0. 2- B SJ97-65 j
L1101 12匝，线径 0. 85毫米  L1101 12 turns, wire diameter 0.85 mm
L1102 5000 E ,线径 0. 07毫米  L1102 5000 E, diameter 0.07 mm
VM 116 = VM 117 = IRFP360  VM 116 = VM 117 = IRFP360
DZ132 = DZ133 = 2CW62  DZ132 = DZ133 = 2CW62
D197至 D200= 1N4007  D197 to D200 = 1N4007
SCR116 = CR02AM-1  SCR116 = CR02AM-1
以上所述仅仅是本发明的交流二线式开关装置的一些较佳实施 例，这些实施例仅仅用以解释本发明而不是用来限制本发明，根据本发 明的构思，本领域的熟练人员还可对此作出种种变换和修改。 例如，在 本发明的交流二线式开关装置中还可以采用各种功粍较低的其它控制 电路，包括各种传感器控制电路、定时控制电路、遥控电路直至由可编 程序控制器或单片机组成的程控电路，但诸如此类的变换和修改均厲 于本发明的范围。  The above are only some preferred embodiments of the AC two-wire switchgear of the present invention. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. According to the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also Various changes and modifications have been made to this. For example, in the AC two-wire switching device of the present invention, various other control circuits with low power can also be used, including various sensor control circuits, timing control circuits, remote control circuits up to a programmable controller or a single-chip microcomputer. Program-controlled circuits, but such transformations and modifications are beyond the scope of the present invention.
工业应用性 Industrial applicability
本发明提供一种使用互感器构成自生电源的交流二线式开关装 置，它从根据上改变了现有技术建立自生电源的方法，从而大幅度地减 小附加通态压降和附加断态电流，尤其在大电流负载条件下效果更为 显著；此外，附带的过载信号可以方便地组成过载保护。 该装置不但能 在非正弦波电源条件工作，而且，能够建立的多种自生电源使开关装置 内部易于适应各种控制电路和控制方式，更重要的是，本发明开创了交 流二线式开关装置的一个发展新方向。  The present invention provides an AC two-wire switching device using a transformer to form a self-generating power source, which changes the method of establishing a self-generating power source based on the existing technology, thereby greatly reducing the additional on-state voltage drop and the additional off-state current. The effect is especially significant under high current load conditions; in addition, the attached overload signal can easily constitute overload protection. The device can not only work under non-sinusoidal power conditions, but also can build a variety of self-generating power sources to make the inside of the switching device easily adapt to various control circuits and control methods. More importantly, the invention opens up the advantages of AC two-wire switching devices. A new direction for development.

Claims

权利要求 Rights request
1. 一种交流二线式开关装置，包括： 1. An AC two-wire switchgear, comprising:
用以接入含有负载之交流电路的一对连接端子；  A pair of connection terminals for accessing an AC circuit containing a load;
接入该一对连接端子之间，用以控制负载工作电流接通和断开的 双向主回路开关组件；  A two-way main circuit switch assembly connected between the pair of connection terminals to control the load working current to be turned on and off;
连接于双向主回路开关组件、用以控制该双向主回路开关组件动 作的控制电路；以及  A control circuit connected to the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly and used to control the operation of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly; and
连接于控制电路电源端、用以向控制 ¾路提供工作电源的自生电 源电路，所述自生电源电路包括整流电路、稳压电路和主回路断态供电 电路；  A self-generating power circuit connected to the control circuit power end to provide working power to the control circuit, the self-generating power circuit including a rectifier circuit, a voltage stabilization circuit, and a main loop off-state power supply circuit;
其特征在于，所述自生电源电路还包括至少一个互感器，所述互感 器包栝至少一个第一一次绕组和至少一个第一二次绕组，所述第一一 次绕组与所述双向主回路开关组件串联连接，所述第一二次绕组与所 述整流电路的输入端相连接。  It is characterized in that the self-generated power circuit further includes at least one transformer, and the transformer includes at least one first primary winding and at least one first secondary winding, and the first primary winding and the bidirectional main The loop switch assembly is connected in series, and the first secondary winding is connected to an input terminal of the rectifier circuit.
2. 如权利要求 1所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述双向主 回路开关组件由无触点电子元件组成，它包括第一主电极、第二主电极 以及第一控制极，其中，第一主电极与所述一对连接端子中的一个端子 相连接，第二主电极与所述第一一次绕组的一端相连接，第一控制极与 所述控制电路的一输出端相连接。 2. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 1, wherein the two-way main circuit switch assembly is composed of non-contact electronic components, and includes a first main electrode, a second main electrode, and a first control electrode, The first main electrode is connected to one terminal of the pair of connection terminals, the second main electrode is connected to one end of the first primary winding, and the first control electrode is connected to an output terminal of the control circuit.相 连接。 Phase connection.
. 如权利要求 2所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述双向主 回路开关组件还包括与所述控制电路另一输出端相连接的第二控制 极。 - The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 2, wherein the two-way main circuit switch assembly further comprises a second control electrode connected to the other output terminal of the control circuit. -
4. 如权利要求 2所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述双向主 回路开关组件还包括与所述整流电路、稳压电路和控制电路之公共接 点相连接的第二控制极。 4. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 2, wherein the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly further comprises a second control pole connected to a common contact of the rectifier circuit, the voltage stabilization circuit, and the control circuit.
5. 如权利要求 1所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述双向主 回路开关组件由机械继电器组成，其继电器线圈两端连接到所述控制 电路的输出端。 5. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 1, wherein the two-way main circuit switch assembly is composed of a mechanical relay, and two ends of a relay coil thereof are connected to an output end of the control circuit.
6. 如权利要求 1或 5所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述互 感器还包括连接于所述一对连接端子的第二一次绕组，所述主回路断 态供电电路包括所述第二一次绕组以及与该第二一次绕组串联连接的 阻抗元件或双向稳流组件。 6. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the transformer further comprises a second primary winding connected to the pair of connection terminals, and the main loop off-state power supply circuit includes The second primary winding and an impedance element or a bidirectional current stabilization component connected in series with the second primary winding.
7. 如权利要求 1所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主回路 断态供电电路包括连接在所述一对连接端子之一与所述稳压电路一输 入端之间的电阻器。  7. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 1, wherein the main loop off-state power supply circuit comprises a resistor connected between one of the pair of connection terminals and an input terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit. Device.
8. 权利要求 1或 5所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主 回路断态供电电路包括连接在所述一对连接端子之一与所述稳压电路 一输入端之间的串联连接的电阻器和二极管。  8. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the main-circuit off-state power supply circuit comprises a connection between one of the pair of connection terminals and an input terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit. Resistors and diodes connected in series.
9. 如权利要求 1或 5所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主 回路断态供电电路包括连接于所述一对连接端子之一与所述稳压电路 一输入端之间的单向稳流组件。  9. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the off-state power supply circuit of the main circuit comprises a connection between one of the pair of connection terminals and an input terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit. Unidirectional steady flow components.
10. 如权利要求 4所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主回 路断态供电电路包括桥式整流电路和一阻抗元件，该桥式整流电路的 一输入端通过该阻抗元件连接到所述一对连接端子的一个端子，其另 一输入端连接到所述一对连接端子的另一个端子，其两个输出端分别 连接到所述整流电路的一输出端以及所述双向主回路开关组件的第二 控制极。  10. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 4, wherein the off-state power supply circuit of the main circuit comprises a bridge rectifier circuit and an impedance element, and an input terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected through the impedance element. To one terminal of the pair of connection terminals, the other input terminal of which is connected to the other terminal of the pair of connection terminals, and its two output terminals respectively connected to one output terminal of the rectifier circuit and the bidirectional main The second control pole of the loop switch assembly.
11. 如权利要求 4所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主回 路断态供电电路包括桥式整流电路和一单向稳流组件，该桥式整流电 路的两输入端分别连接到所述一对连接端子，其一个输出端子经所述 单向稳流组件连接到所述整流电路的一输出端，其另一个输出端连接 到^述双向主回路开关组件的第二控制极。  11. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 4, wherein the off-state power supply circuit of the main circuit comprises a bridge rectifier circuit and a unidirectional steady current component, and two input ends of the bridge rectifier circuit are connected respectively. To the pair of connection terminals, one output terminal of which is connected to one output terminal of the rectifier circuit through the unidirectional current stabilization component, and the other output terminal of which is connected to the second control electrode of the bidirectional main circuit switch component .
12. 如权利要求 2或 4或 5所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于 所述主回路断态供电电路包括一咀抗元件以及第一二极管和第二二极 管，所述阻抗元件和第二二极管串联连接在所述一对连接端子之间，所 述第一二极管跨接在所述整流器一输出端与所述咀抗元件和第二二极 管的连接接点之间。  12. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the main circuit off-state power supply circuit comprises a nozzle reactance element and a first diode and a second diode, and An impedance element and a second diode are connected in series between the pair of connection terminals, and the first diode is connected across an output terminal of the rectifier to the nozzle reactance element and the second diode. Between contacts.
13. 如权利要求 4所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述双向 主回路开关组件还包括一起动端子，所述主回路断态供电电路包括跨 接在该起动端子与所述整流器一输出端之间的电阻器或单向稳流组 件。 13. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 4, characterized in that the two-way The main circuit switch assembly further includes a moving terminal, and the main circuit off-state power supply circuit includes a resistor or a unidirectional current stabilization component connected across the starting terminal and an output terminal of the rectifier.
14. 如权利要求 4所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主回 路断态供电电路包括连接在所述一对连接端子之一与所述稳压电路一 输入端之间的单向稳流组件或电阻器。  14. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 4, wherein the off-state power supply circuit of the main circuit comprises a single unit connected between one of the pair of connection terminals and an input terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit. To stabilize the component or resistor.
15. 如权利要求 5所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主回 路断态供电电路包括桥式整流电路和一阻抗元件，昕述桥式整流电路 的一输入端经由所述 ffi抗元件连接到所述一对连接端子的一个端子， 另一输入端连接到所述一对连接端子的另一个端子，所述桥式整流电 路的输出端连接到所述稳压电路的输入端。  15. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 5, wherein the off-state power supply circuit of the main circuit comprises a bridge rectifier circuit and an impedance element, and an input terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit is passed through the ffi The reactance element is connected to one terminal of the pair of connection terminals, the other input terminal is connected to the other terminal of the pair of connection terminals, and the output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected to the input terminal of the voltage stabilization circuit. .
16. 如权利要求 5所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主回 路断态供电电路包括桥式整流电路和单向稳流组件，所述桥式整流电 路的输入端与所述一对连接端子相连接，所述桥式整流电路的一输出 端经由所述单向稳流组件连接到所述稳压电路的一输入端，另一输出 端连接到所述稳压电路的另一输入端。  16. The two-wire AC switching device according to claim 5, wherein the off-state power supply circuit of the main circuit comprises a bridge rectifier circuit and a unidirectional steady current component, and an input terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit and the A pair of connection terminals are connected, one output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected to one input end of the voltage stabilization circuit through the unidirectional current stabilization component, and the other output end is connected to the other voltage stabilization circuit. An input.
17. 如杈利要求 4所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述主回 路断态供电电路包括第一阻抗和第二阻抗，所述第一阻抗和第二阻抗 的一端并接到所述控制电路的输入端，所述第一阻抗和第二阻抗的另 一端分别连接到所述双向主回路开关组件的第二主电极和第一主电 极。  17. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 4, wherein the off-state power supply circuit of the main circuit includes a first impedance and a second impedance, and one end of the first impedance and the second impedance are connected in parallel. An input end of the control circuit, and the other ends of the first impedance and the second impedance are respectively connected to a second main electrode and a first main electrode of the bidirectional main loop switch assembly.
18. 如权利要求 1所述的交流二线式开关装置，其特征在于所述互感 器还包括第二一次绕组和第二二次绕且，所述双向主回路开关组件还 包括第二控制极，所述交流二线式开关装置还包括第二整流电路、第二 稳压电路和第二控制电路，所述第二一次绕组经由一双向稳流组件连 接于所述一对连接端子，所述第二二次绕组与所述第二整流电路的输 入端相连接，所述双向主回路开关组件的第二控制极与所述第二控制 电路的一输出端相连接，所述控制电路和第二控制电路的另一输出端 分别与所述双向主回路开关组件的第一主电极和第二主电极相连接。  18. The AC two-wire switching device according to claim 1, wherein the transformer further comprises a second primary winding and a second secondary winding, and the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly further includes a second control pole. The AC two-wire switching device further includes a second rectifying circuit, a second voltage stabilizing circuit, and a second control circuit. The second primary winding is connected to the pair of connection terminals via a bidirectional current stabilizing component. A second secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the second rectifier circuit, a second control electrode of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly is connected to an output terminal of the second control circuit, and the control circuit and the first The other output ends of the two control circuits are respectively connected to a first main electrode and a second main electrode of the bidirectional main circuit switch assembly.
PCT/CN1995/000070 1994-08-27 1995-08-24 A two wires a.c switch apparatus WO1996007239A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU32518/95A AU3251895A (en) 1994-08-27 1995-08-24 A two wires a.c switch apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN94112284A CN1054950C (en) 1994-08-27 1994-08-27 A.C two-wire type switch of mutual inductor for autogenous electric power supply
CN94112284.0 1994-08-27
CN94114032.6 1994-12-15
CN94114032A CN1053538C (en) 1994-12-15 1994-12-15 Self-generating power AC two-conductor switch using mutual inductor

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999035744A1 (en) * 1998-01-05 1999-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Circuit system for connecting an electrical consumer with an alternating-voltage source
CN109378886A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-02-22 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 A kind of list firewire power supply circuit

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US3986052A (en) * 1975-05-29 1976-10-12 North Electric Company Power switching control circuit with enhanced turn-off drive
US4629971A (en) * 1985-04-11 1986-12-16 Mai Basic Four, Inc. Switch mode converter and improved primary switch drive therefor
CN2092833U (en) * 1991-01-14 1992-01-08 于兴根 Device for removing voltage and leakage current of semiconduction
CN1087185A (en) * 1992-11-15 1994-05-25 李维安 A kind of special power supply method of mu balanced circuit

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999035744A1 (en) * 1998-01-05 1999-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Circuit system for connecting an electrical consumer with an alternating-voltage source
US6259610B1 (en) 1998-01-05 2001-07-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Circuit system for connecting an electrical consumer with an alternating-voltage source
CN109378886A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-02-22 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 A kind of list firewire power supply circuit

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