WO1996000599B1 - Vented electrode - Google Patents
Vented electrodeInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996000599B1 WO1996000599B1 PCT/US1995/008040 US9508040W WO9600599B1 WO 1996000599 B1 WO1996000599 B1 WO 1996000599B1 US 9508040 W US9508040 W US 9508040W WO 9600599 B1 WO9600599 B1 WO 9600599B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrode
- impedance
- decreasing
- permeable
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
Abstract
Disclosed in an electrode (10, 60) for placement upon the skin of a patient (12) to deliver electrical pulses from medical electronic equipment (16) to the patient. The electrode (10, 60) includes an electrically conductive layer (24, 74) having a skin-facing side and an upper side. An impedance-decreasing layer (32, 82) is adjacent a substantial portion of the skin-facing side of the conductive layer (24, 74). A substantially electrically nonconductive backing layer (18, 68) is adjacent the upper surface of the conductive layer (24, 74), the backing layer (18, 68) being substantially impermeable to the impedance-decreasing layer (32, 82). A gas-permeable layer (20, 70) is between the backing layer (18, 68) and the conductive layer (24, 74). Finally, a vent (22, 72) is provided for venting gas formed between the impedance-decreasing layer (32, 82) and the conductive layer (24, 74) to the environment.
Claims
1. An electrode for placement upon the skin of a patient to deliver electrical pulses from medical electronic equipment to the patient, the electrode comprising:
(a) an electrically conductive layer having a skin-facing side and an upper side;
(b) an impedance-decreasing layer disposed on the skin-facing side of the conductive layer;
(c) a substantially electrically nonconductive backing layer disposed on the upper surface of the conductive layer, the backing layer being substantially impermeable to the impedance-decreasing layer; and
(d) vent means for venting gas formed between the impedance-decreasing layer and the backing layer.
2. The electrode of Claim 1, wherein the conductive layer is permeable to gases.
3. The electrode of Claim 2, wherein the vent means comprises a gas- permeable layer between the conductive layer and the backing layer.
4. The electrode of Claim 3, wherein the impedance-decreasing layer includes an outer periphery, and the vent means includes a portion of the gas- permeable layer extending beyond the periphery of the impedance-decreasing layer.
5. The electrode of Claim 1, wherein the conductive layer is perforated.
6. The electrode of Claim 1, wherein the conductive layer comprises a mesh.
7. The electrode of Claim 1, further comprising a gas-permeable layer positioned between the conductive layer and the backing layer.
8. The electrode of Claim 7, wherein the gas-permeable layer comprises a nonwoven material.
9. The electrode of Claim 8, wherein the nonwoven material comprises polyester.
10. An electrode for placement upon the skin of a patient to deliver electrical pulses from medical electronic equipment to the patient, the electrode comprising:
(a) an electrically conductive metallic sheet having a skin-facing side and an upper side, the electrically conductive sheet being permeable to gases;
(b) an impedance-decreasing layer disposed on the skin-facing side of the conductive sheet; and
(c) a substantially electrically nonconductive backing layer disposed on the upper surface of the conductive sheet, the backing layer being substantially impermeable to the impedance-decreasing layer.
11. The electrode of Claim 10, wherein the backing layer comprises a material permeable to gases.
12. The electrode of Claim 10, further comprising a gas-permeable layer between the conductive layer and the backing layer, the gas-permeable layer including a vented portion for permitting gaseous exchange between the gas-permeable layer and the environment.
13. The electrode of Claim 12, wherein the gas-permeable layer comprises a nonwoven material.
14. The electrode of Claim 12, wherein the nonwoven material comprises polyester.
15. The electrode of Claim 12, wherein the impedance-decreasing layer includes an outer periphery, and the gas-permeable layer includes a portion extending beyond the periphery of the impedance-decreasing layer.
16. The electrode of Claim 10, wherein the impedance-decreasing layer includes an outer periphery, and the conductive layer includes a portion extending beyond the periphery of the impedance-decreasing layer.
17. The electrode of Claim 16, further comprising an electrical coupler connected to the portion of the conductive layer extending beyond the periphery of -21 -
the impedance-decreasing layer for electrically connecting the conductive layer to the medical electronic equipment.
18. The electrode of Claim 10, wherein electrical coupling between the conductive layer and the skin of the patient substantially only occurs through the impedance-decreasing layer.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95925315A EP0767692B1 (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1995-06-29 | Vented electrode |
DE69504842T DE69504842T2 (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1995-06-29 | ELECTRODE WITH DEGASSING |
JP8503378A JPH10507651A (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1995-06-29 | Electrodes with vents |
AU29489/95A AU2948995A (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1995-06-29 | Vented electrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/268,629 US5456710A (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1994-06-30 | Vented electrode |
US08/268,629 | 1994-06-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996000599A1 WO1996000599A1 (en) | 1996-01-11 |
WO1996000599B1 true WO1996000599B1 (en) | 1996-02-15 |
Family
ID=23023822
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1995/008040 WO1996000599A1 (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1995-06-29 | Vented electrode |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5456710A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0767692B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10507651A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE171079T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2948995A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69504842T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996000599A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7267675B2 (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 2007-09-11 | Thermage, Inc. | RF device with thermo-electric cooler |
US7229436B2 (en) | 1996-01-05 | 2007-06-12 | Thermage, Inc. | Method and kit for treatment of tissue |
US7115123B2 (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 2006-10-03 | Thermage, Inc. | Handpiece with electrode and non-volatile memory |
US7473251B2 (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 2009-01-06 | Thermage, Inc. | Methods for creating tissue effect utilizing electromagnetic energy and a reverse thermal gradient |
US5836942A (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 1998-11-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrode with lossy dielectric properties |
US5951598A (en) * | 1997-01-14 | 1999-09-14 | Heartstream, Inc. | Electrode system |
US6148233A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2000-11-14 | Cardiac Science, Inc. | Defibrillation system having segmented electrodes |
US6115638A (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 2000-09-05 | Survivalink Corporation | Medical electrode with conductive release liner |
US6280463B1 (en) | 1998-08-26 | 2001-08-28 | Zmd Corporation | Reducing skin damage in use of medical electrodes |
US6272385B1 (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2001-08-07 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Independently deployable sealed defibrillator electrode pad and method of use |
US6125299A (en) | 1998-10-29 | 2000-09-26 | Survivalink Corporation | AED with force sensor |
FR2785544B1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2001-01-05 | Lhd Lab Hygiene Dietetique | TRANSFER ELECTRODE OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT CROSSING THE SKIN OF A PATIENT |
US6567695B1 (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2003-05-20 | Woodside Biomedical, Inc. | Electro-acupuncture device with stimulation electrode assembly |
US7069074B2 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2006-06-27 | Medtronic Emergency Response Systems, Inc. | Easy-to-use electrode and package |
US6928312B2 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-08-09 | Katecho, Inc. | Electrode having wire connected thereto and method for assembling same |
US20040122500A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Electrode for utilizing edge effect to create uniform current density |
US20040162586A1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-08-19 | Covey Kevin K. | Defibrillator electrodes with identification tags |
US8027721B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2011-09-27 | Physio-Control, Inc. | Balanced charge waveform for transcutaneous pacing |
JP4110527B2 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2008-07-02 | 日本光電工業株式会社 | Medical electrode |
US7403807B2 (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2008-07-22 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Medical electrode with peripheral edge of conductor sealed from electrolyte |
US7742828B2 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2010-06-22 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Medical electrode suitable for high-energy stimulation |
JP5250287B2 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2013-07-31 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | Gel electrode |
US20100076294A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-03-25 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | System and Method of Prepping Skin Prior to Electrode Application |
US20100075532A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-03-25 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Fluorescent Marker for Detecting Gel or Lack of Gel |
US20100072060A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-03-25 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Biomedical Electrode and Method of Formation Thereof |
JP5993594B2 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2016-09-14 | 日本光電工業株式会社 | Biological electrode having X-ray transmission ability |
USD816227S1 (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2018-04-24 | Sanofi | Electrical stimulation device |
DE102016117354A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2018-03-15 | Ntt New Textile Technologies Gmbh | On the skin portable electrode |
DE102018104774B3 (en) | 2018-03-02 | 2019-02-28 | Ntt New Textile Technologies Gmbh | On the skin portable electrode as well as garment |
EP4041371A4 (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2023-11-01 | Liberate Medical, LLC | Devices and methods for adjusting and tracking respiration-stimulating electrodes |
JP2022078518A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-25 | オムロンヘルスケア株式会社 | Electrode pad and low-frequency therapeutic apparatus |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3702613A (en) * | 1971-03-04 | 1972-11-14 | Health Systems Inc | Electrolyte envelope for use on the active surface of a defibrillator paddle |
US3762420A (en) * | 1971-06-03 | 1973-10-02 | Academic Associates Inc | Defibrillation electrode |
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US4300575A (en) * | 1979-06-25 | 1981-11-17 | Staodynamics, Inc. | Air-permeable disposable electrode |
AU4198785A (en) * | 1984-05-07 | 1985-11-14 | Lloyd A. Ferreira | Conductive material and biomedical electrode |
AT385663B (en) * | 1985-11-08 | 1988-05-10 | Hepax Ltd | ELECTRODE FOR ELECTROTHERAPY |
US4776350A (en) * | 1986-01-07 | 1988-10-11 | Physio-Control Corporation | External electrode for heart stimulation and connector therefor |
US4736752A (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1988-04-12 | Axelgaard Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Transcutaneous medical electrode |
JPS6456060A (en) * | 1987-08-27 | 1989-03-02 | Hayashibara Takeshi | Low frequency medical treatment device |
US4779630A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1988-10-25 | Katecho, Inc. | Defibrillator pad assembly and method for using same |
DK157602B (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1990-01-29 | Niels Kornerup | electrode |
US4979517A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1990-12-25 | Physio-Control Corporation | Disposable stimulation electrode with long shelf life and improved current density profile |
DK283789A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-06 | Niels Kornerup | ELECTRIC GENERATOR, COMPRESS AND COMPRESSION COMBINATION AND SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION AND PROCEDURE FOR THE TREATMENT OF SARS |
US5087242A (en) * | 1989-07-21 | 1992-02-11 | Iomed, Inc. | Hydratable bioelectrode |
US4998536A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1991-03-12 | Kas Products, Inc. | Defibrillator pad assembly and method for using same |
US5218973A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1993-06-15 | Staodyn, Inc. | Disposable wound treatment electrode |
-
1994
- 1994-06-30 US US08/268,629 patent/US5456710A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-06-29 AU AU29489/95A patent/AU2948995A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-29 JP JP8503378A patent/JPH10507651A/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-06-29 WO PCT/US1995/008040 patent/WO1996000599A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-06-29 AT AT95925315T patent/ATE171079T1/en active
- 1995-06-29 EP EP95925315A patent/EP0767692B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-29 DE DE69504842T patent/DE69504842T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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