WO1995035269A1 - Procede de vitrification de briques - Google Patents

Procede de vitrification de briques Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1995035269A1
WO1995035269A1 PCT/GB1995/001421 GB9501421W WO9535269A1 WO 1995035269 A1 WO1995035269 A1 WO 1995035269A1 GB 9501421 W GB9501421 W GB 9501421W WO 9535269 A1 WO9535269 A1 WO 9535269A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser
brick
glazing
coating
bricks
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1995/001421
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lin Li
Julian Timothy Spencer
William Maxwell Steen
Original Assignee
British Nuclear Fuels Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Nuclear Fuels Plc filed Critical British Nuclear Fuels Plc
Publication of WO1995035269A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995035269A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/02—Pyrography
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/0036—Laser treatment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/002—Arrangements for cleaning building facades
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
    • C04B2111/00775—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes the composition being used as waste barriers or the like, e.g. compositions used for waste disposal purposes only, but not containing the waste itself
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00862—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for nuclear applications, e.g. ray-absorbing concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to glazing of bricks.
  • Bricks are the oldest industrial material known to man. The use of bricks for construction can be dated back to 8000BC. Some brick structures which are over three thousand years old still maintain an attractive appearance.
  • bricks for buildings are classified into a) common bricks which does not require specific quality, b) facing bricks which are used for the decorative effects, and c) engineering bricks which have specific compressive strength and water absorption limits.
  • Clay brick which is made of clays containing AI2O 3 , Si0 2 , Fe 2 0 3 etc.
  • the manufacturing of this type of brick has the longest history. It involves preparation of mouldable clays, moulding, drying and firing. The firing of the clays causes the water to be driven out (below 150°C) , chemical dehydration (starting at 400-600°C) , oxidation of any organic materials (250°C - 700°C) and finally formation of ceramic bond between 800 - 1300°C. Since the materials are not molten, glazing does not take place at the manuf cturing stage.
  • Sand-lime brick or flint lime brick This type of brick is made of sand (Si02) , of crushed flint and hydrated lime, Ca(0H)2, compressed and hardened by treatment with steam under pressure in an autoclave. A similar firing process changes the hydraulic bonded materials into ceramic bonded brick. No melting takes place at this stage.
  • Si02 exists as one of the principal constituents. Upon melting amorphous glassy materials can be formed. These are normally obtained during manufacturing of face bricks or tiles by inserting. the brick or tiles into a molten glass bath.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method of glazing a brick surface after the brick has been used to form part of a building structure.
  • a method of glazing a brick surface which comprises applying an intense supply of heat to the surface by one or more laser beams.
  • the glazing is achieved by direct laser melting of a controlled layer of brick surface or by application of a coating with specified colouring pigments and/or materials that can improve the glazing quality, followed by laser melting of the coating into a portion of brick surface.
  • the laser glazing of brick can be used to produce a protective, impermeable coating for a specialised structure for use in a chemical and nuclear plant installation.
  • the laser glazing of brick can also be used to seal or immobilise the surface and embedded contaminations thereon such as of a radioactive, biological or chemical nature onto the surface of bricks forming the building or structures.
  • the laser glazing of brick can be used to produce artistic patterns, signs, symbols or various colours on existing buildings.
  • Glassy patterns or symbols can be formed on bricks of the building structure by laser melting of a thin layer of surface of fusion coating material with desired colours or properties by one or more laser beams on the brick. Since bricks are ceramic bonded blocks they do not suffer a bond weakening by laser generated heat affected zone as happens for hydraulic bonded materials such as concrete. The high Si02 content in the brick enables the formation of amorphous surface (glassy) after melting by laser beams.
  • a coating may be applied to the brick prior to the laser glazing.
  • This coating may contain siliceous materials.
  • the coating can be refractory cement, sand bonded with sodium silicate solution.
  • the laser treated brick surface depth may be between 0.1 to 2 mm.
  • the bond between the glazed surface and substrate is a ceramic type which is not much weakened due to the laser heat effect.
  • the result of the process is to generate an impermeable layer for the protection of underlying material, and to produce artistic patterns and to seal and remove contamination therewith.
  • a computer may be employed to generate a described pattern of a laser beam on a surface to provide a symbol, picture etc.
  • the said laser beam may be of ultraviolet, visible or infrared wavelength.
  • the laser beam may be generated by a laser generator such as a gas laser, eg a C0 2 gas laser or a CO gas laser, a solid state laser, eg a Nd-YAG (Neodymium-Yttrium- Aluminium-Garnet) or a Ti-Sapphire laser, an Excimer laser, a dye laser, a free electron laser or a semiconductor laser.
  • a laser generator such as a gas laser, eg a C0 2 gas laser or a CO gas laser, a solid state laser, eg a Nd-YAG (Neodymium-Yttrium- Aluminium-Garnet) or a Ti-Sapphire laser, an Excimer laser, a dye laser, a free electron laser or a semiconductor laser.
  • the laser beam may be either pulsed or continuous.
  • the laser beam may be applied from a laser source to the region of the surface to be treated via an operator handset or mobile application box adjacent to the wall which may be moved by a human or robotic operator to guide the beam to the required part of the surface to be treated.
  • the beam may be delivered from the laser source to the handset by a flexible beam delivering system, eg one or more optical fibre guides or cables, or by optical mirrors which reflect the beam or by a hollow waveguide all in a known way.
  • the handset may include a scanning means which sweeps the laser beam over the surface to be treated with a controlled sweep speed, pattern and rate.
  • the total laser power density of the laser beam or beams may be between 200 - 250 /cm 2 depending on materials to be treated. Thus focusing of laser beam may or may not be needed depending on the raw beam diameter.
  • the laser beam intensity may be from 150 W/cm 2 to 10 kW/cm .
  • the beam scanning speed may be from 1 mm/sec to
  • Figure 1 is a side view of an arrangement for glazing the surface of a brick wall.
  • a laser 1 carried on a trolley 3 is controlled by a control unit 5 on the trolley 3.
  • An output beam 6 provided by the laser 1 is conveyed by a guide 7 to a transparent box 9 movable on a wall by wheels 11 and supported by a support (not shown) .
  • the box 9 incorporates an x scan mirror 13 and a y scan mirror 15 both of which are motor controlled by a control 17 which controls the attitudes of the mirrors 13, 15 and the operation of a shutter 29.
  • the mirrors 13, 15 are contained in an inner transparent enclosure 19.
  • the beam 6 is guided via lenses 27. and the shutter 29 by the mirrors 13 and 15 onto the surface of a brick wall 21 forming a glazed area 23 in a required pattern etc. as required.
  • the box 9 may be pushed by a handle 25 held by a human or robotic operator.
  • Collimation of the beam 6 is provided by the lens 27 to convert the diverging beam from the guide 7 into a parallel beam of desired diameter.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé utilisé pour vitrifier une surface de brique consiste à appliquer une chaleur intense sur ladite surface à l'aide d'au moins un faisceau laser, la vitrification résultant directement de la fusion par le faisceau laser d'une couche spécifique de la surface de brique. Une autre forme d'exécution consiste à appliquer sur la surface de la brique un revêtement constitué de pigments colorants et/ou de matières spécifiques pouvant améliorer la qualité de la vitrification, puis à faire fusionner par laser le revêtement pour qu'il fasse partie de la surface de la brique.
PCT/GB1995/001421 1994-06-17 1995-06-16 Procede de vitrification de briques WO1995035269A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9412237A GB9412237D0 (en) 1994-06-17 1994-06-17 Glazing of bricks
GB9412237.1 1994-06-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995035269A1 true WO1995035269A1 (fr) 1995-12-28

Family

ID=10756928

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1995/001421 WO1995035269A1 (fr) 1994-06-17 1995-06-16 Procede de vitrification de briques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB9412237D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995035269A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2772021A1 (fr) * 1997-12-08 1999-06-11 Arnaud Hory Procede et dispositif de marquage d'objets avec des poudres minerales frittees
US6064034A (en) * 1996-11-22 2000-05-16 Anolaze Corporation Laser marking process for vitrification of bricks and other vitrescent objects
US6635846B1 (en) 2002-08-02 2003-10-21 Albert S. Rieck Selective laser compounding for vitrescent markings
US6822192B1 (en) 2004-04-19 2004-11-23 Acme Services Company, Llp Laser engraving of ceramic articles
WO2005095304A1 (fr) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-13 Schott Ag Materiau refractaire, son utilisation et procede de traitement de materiau refractaire
EP1707331A2 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-04 Godelmann Pflastersteine GmbH & Co. KG Méthode et moule pour la fabrication de dalles de sol en un materiau cimentaire resp. béton
US7238396B2 (en) 2002-08-02 2007-07-03 Rieck Albert S Methods for vitrescent marking
US8232502B2 (en) 2008-07-08 2012-07-31 Acme Services Company, Llp Laser engraving of ceramic articles
CN109987843A (zh) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-09 广东省大埔陶瓷工业研究所 一种在陶瓷平面上进行硅酸锌定位结晶并制备陶瓷的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02167873A (ja) * 1988-12-21 1990-06-28 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 施釉セメント品の製造方法
JPH02279573A (ja) * 1989-04-19 1990-11-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 壁材の表面処理方法
JPH02279574A (ja) * 1989-04-19 1990-11-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 壁材の表面処理方法
EP0475806A2 (fr) * 1990-09-12 1992-03-18 Framatome Appareil de travail au laser, notamment pour le décontamination d'une conduite d'un réacteur nucléaire
WO1993013531A1 (fr) * 1992-01-04 1993-07-08 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Procede de traitement d'une surface contaminee par des radionucleides

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02167873A (ja) * 1988-12-21 1990-06-28 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 施釉セメント品の製造方法
JPH02279573A (ja) * 1989-04-19 1990-11-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 壁材の表面処理方法
JPH02279574A (ja) * 1989-04-19 1990-11-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 壁材の表面処理方法
EP0475806A2 (fr) * 1990-09-12 1992-03-18 Framatome Appareil de travail au laser, notamment pour le décontamination d'une conduite d'un réacteur nucléaire
WO1993013531A1 (fr) * 1992-01-04 1993-07-08 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Procede de traitement d'une surface contaminee par des radionucleides

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 048 (C - 0802) 5 February 1991 (1991-02-05) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 431, no. 014 (C - 0759) 17 September 1990 (1990-09-17) *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6064034A (en) * 1996-11-22 2000-05-16 Anolaze Corporation Laser marking process for vitrification of bricks and other vitrescent objects
FR2772021A1 (fr) * 1997-12-08 1999-06-11 Arnaud Hory Procede et dispositif de marquage d'objets avec des poudres minerales frittees
WO1999029519A1 (fr) * 1997-12-08 1999-06-17 Arnaud Hory Procede et dispositif de marquage d'objets avec des poudres minerales frittees
GB2349609A (en) * 1999-03-18 2000-11-08 Anolaze Corp Laser marking brick or other clay articles by vitrification or glassification of the surface
GB2349609B (en) * 1999-03-18 2003-03-12 Anolaze Corp Laser marking process for vitrification of bricks and other vitrescent objects
US7238396B2 (en) 2002-08-02 2007-07-03 Rieck Albert S Methods for vitrescent marking
US6635846B1 (en) 2002-08-02 2003-10-21 Albert S. Rieck Selective laser compounding for vitrescent markings
WO2005095304A1 (fr) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-13 Schott Ag Materiau refractaire, son utilisation et procede de traitement de materiau refractaire
US6822192B1 (en) 2004-04-19 2004-11-23 Acme Services Company, Llp Laser engraving of ceramic articles
EP1707331A2 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-04 Godelmann Pflastersteine GmbH & Co. KG Méthode et moule pour la fabrication de dalles de sol en un materiau cimentaire resp. béton
EP1707331A3 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2007-10-31 Godelmann Pflastersteine GmbH & Co. KG Méthode et moule pour la fabrication de dalles de sol en un materiau cimentaire resp. béton
US8232502B2 (en) 2008-07-08 2012-07-31 Acme Services Company, Llp Laser engraving of ceramic articles
CN109987843A (zh) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-09 广东省大埔陶瓷工业研究所 一种在陶瓷平面上进行硅酸锌定位结晶并制备陶瓷的方法
CN109987843B (zh) * 2019-04-24 2022-03-15 广东省大埔陶瓷工业研究所 一种在陶瓷平面上进行硅酸锌定位结晶并制备陶瓷的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9412237D0 (en) 1994-08-10

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