WO1995033425A1 - Articulation prothetique de doigt - Google Patents
Articulation prothetique de doigt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995033425A1 WO1995033425A1 PCT/GB1995/001341 GB9501341W WO9533425A1 WO 1995033425 A1 WO1995033425 A1 WO 1995033425A1 GB 9501341 W GB9501341 W GB 9501341W WO 9533425 A1 WO9533425 A1 WO 9533425A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metacarpal
- prosthesis
- head
- component
- joint
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/42—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes
- A61F2/4241—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes for hands, e.g. fingers
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
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- A61F2002/4251—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes for hands, e.g. fingers for metacarpo-phalangeal joints, i.e. MCP or MP joints, e.g. knuckle joints
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Definitions
- This invention relates to prosthetic finger joints and more particularly, though not exclusively, is concerned with prostheses for the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint.
- MCP metacarpophalangeal
- MCP joints have been previously proposed, and some used, which fall into three main categories, namely, hinge, flexible and surface prostheses.
- hinged prostheses were simple uni-axis designs, fixed to the metacarpal and proximal phalanx intramedullary canals. They were manufactured entirely from metal and only allowed flexion and extension movements. The movement of the MCP joint is in practice seldom only one of flexion and extension but normally incorporates both abduction and adduction.
- the first generation hinged prostheses were followed by single component flexible prostheses, the majority of which were allowed to slide freely within the intramedullary canals. They permitted flexion, extension, abduction and adduction.
- hinged prostheses used multi-axes hinges and had snap-fit assemblies, generally using cement for fixation to the bones. Either a metal or ceramic component acted against the polymer bearing surface.
- the most popular MCP joint is the Swanson silicone rubber prosthesis, a joint of the flexible type, which is a one component prosthesis with two stems introduced into the bone cavities, without any fixation. It restores the joint from a cosmetic point of view, but not its function to any appreciable extent.
- natural ligament material may be completely damaged by disease and the absence of ligaments renders a joint unstable.
- RA rheumatoid arthritis
- an MCP prosthesis that more accurately restores the surfaces of the joint and which can take normal joint forces without fracture could restore the biomechanics of the joint and allow normal function - a concept that has worked well in the knee.
- it is important to recognise some essential differences between it and a knee, or a hip, arthroplasty. During its use an MCP joint experiences the high loads during gripping and pinching actions where the sliding movement of the articulating surfaces is minimal or non-existent.
- Bone cement particles can cause damage to the bearing surfaces of the prosthesis, causing increased wear rates. These particles may be from debris left behind during surgery between the bearing surfaces or from wear particles of cement generated due to a loose prosthesis. Cement also lengthens the operation time since time is needed to prepare and apply the cement.
- Kessler prosthesis is a single component silicone rubber prosthesis for the replacement of the metacarpal head and has a Dacron-coated intramedullary stem.
- This prosthesis does not resemble the spherical geometry of the metacarpal head and the proximal phalanx base therefore cannot fit against the prosthesis correctly and provide the accurate bio-mechanical bearing surface and motion that is required.
- Dacron results in fracture of the silastic stems and the silastic material is not strong enough to endure the forces that act in the normal joint.
- the Sibly-Unsworth surface prosthesis is manufactured from cross-linked polyethylene which is used for both the metacarpal and proximal phalanx components.
- this prosthesis will be implanted in a much younger population than that for which the flexible prosthesis is appropriate, its lifespan must be correspondingly much greater.
- the forces that act on the joint during flexion are only small, this will cause sufficient wear debris over the years to be of concern.
- There is a need for a simple finger joint prosthesis which will provide the stability and versatility of the normal joint and not be subject to the disadvantages of existing joints which have been discussed above.
- a finger joint prosthesis for implantation between a first bone and a second bone
- the prosthesis comprising a first component capable of being operatively connected to said first bone, and a second component capable of being operatively connected to said second bone, each component comprising an anchor part for connection to said first bone and a bearing part for pivotal engagement with the bearing part of the other component, the anchor and bearing parts of the first component being distinct elements for connection together, so that, when the implanted joint is in use, there is no relative movement between said elements.
- first and second components are not attached together in any way so that, in use, there are no rotational and pull out forces between the components which, if they were connected, would be transferred to the fixating systems, for instance, cement fixation, causing loosening.
- a finger joint prosthesis of the present invention is of a "modular" design and, in its simplest form, comprises three entities, namely, a two entity first component and a single entity second component.
- the three entities will be a metacarpal stem for implantation in the metacarpal shaft, a metacarpal head and a proximal phalanx base component.
- the metacarpal medullary stem can be implanted with cement and the metacarpal head attached to the stem after the cement has set and the joint has been cleaned. This ensures that no cement debris is left between the bearing surfaces.
- the modular approach to the metacarpal component allows the selection of different sizes of metacarpal stems and metacarpal heads to suit the particular joint requirements of the patient.
- the surgeon may implant the best combination of metacarpal stem and metacarpal head to match the anatomy of the metacarpal bone.
- the stem may be left cemented within the bone and the metacarpal head replaced, thereby avoiding the problems of having to fix a new stem component to the bone.
- a further advantage of a joint in accordance with the present invention is that, if the surrounding muscle and ligamentous structure becomes weakened by arthritis and cannot support the joint prosthesis as originally implanted, the metacarpal head can be replaced with a more stable hinge mechanism without the requirement to remove the metacarpal stem.
- the metacarpal stem is in the form of a sleeve and the metacarpal head is provided with an integral stem for location within the sleeve.
- the arrangement may be such that the stem of the metacarpal head is a push fit within the metacarpal sleeve.
- the metacarpal head and metacarpal sleeve may have some form of locking interconnection, for instance, a "snap-fit" arrangement.
- the two metacarpal parts interconnect together in such a way as to prevent relative rotation therebetween.
- the metacarpal sleeve is provided with a flat on its distal end which locates in the metacarpal head component.
- the metacarpal sleeve is provided with a flat on its palmar surface for location in the dorsal surface of the metacarpal head, the effect of which is again to prevent relative rotation between these two parts.
- the interconnection between parts of the metacarpal component is such that the centre of rotation of the spherical head is offset from the axis of the intramedullary stem.
- the intramedullary stem of the metacarpal part is tapered so as to narrow in the proximal direction. The allows the stem to give the closest possible fit within the medullary canal.
- the stem of the proximal phalanx base is also tapered, again to give the closest possible fit within the proximal phalanx bone.
- the intramedullary stem of the metacarpal component is of rectangular cross-section, more preferably of square cross-section.
- a finger joint prosthesis in accordance with the present invention allows joints to be produced with a large range of motion.
- An abduction-adduction arc of 40 degrees together with 30 degrees of extension and 90 degrees of flexion is possible with such a joint.
- a metacarpophalangeal joint is of the surface type and the components are arranged in the drawing in exploded form with indications of the four directions relative to the joint shown by arrows, these directions being dorsal, distal, palmar and proximal.
- the joint comprises two components, a proximal phalanx base 1 and a metacarpal component 3.
- the latter is formed of two parts, a metacarpal head 5 and a metacarpal sleeve 7.
- the proximal phalanx base 1 is made of any suitable material, for instance, high density polyethylene and includes a stem portion 9 which tapers in the distal direction, which stem portion is attached integrally to shallow cup portion 11 which provides a part spherical bearing surface 13 shown as a dotted line in the drawing.
- Metacarpal head 5 is also made of any suitable material, for instance, stainless steel or a chrome cobalt alloy. It includes a head portion 15 provided with a part spherical bearing surface 17 for engagement with corresponding bearing surface 13 of proximal phalanx base 1. Head portion 15 includes a substantially part spherical distal part and, extending in a proximal direction therefrom from the palmar extremity of part 15, a part spherical extension 19 provided with a flat dorsal surface 21.
- stem 23 extends proximally from the body of head portion 15 which itself is provided with a substantially rectangular recess 25. As indicated in the drawing, stem 23 extends proximally from a position which is dorsally spaced from a parallel axis of rotation 27 of the part spherical head part 15. Accordingly stem 23 is offset from axis 27, so that, when the joint is implanted, the part spherical head part 15 is positioned relative to the intramedullary canal as is the case with the natural joint.
- Metacarpal sleeve 7 is made of any suitable material, for instance, high density polyethylene. It is essentially a stem 31 which tapers in a proximal direction and is of substantially square cross-section. At the distal end of stem 31 is an integral collar or flange 33 which viewed distally is substantially rounded at its dorsal comers but has rectangular palmar corners, so provided a substantial palmar flat 35. Extending distally from palmar flat 35 is a projection 37 providing distal flat 39.
- blind bore 41 Extending from distal flat 39 proximally into stem 31 for about two thirds of its length is blind bore 41.
- Bore 41 is of circular cross-section and its diameter is such that stem 23 is a push fit within this bore.
- the dimensions of rectangular projection 37 and flange 33 are such that metacarpal head 5 may be push fitted into sleeve 7 with projection 37 fitting within recess 25 and distal flat 39 abutting against dorsal surface 21 of the part spherical extension 19.
- the natural metacarpal head is removed as necessary and the metacarpal sleeve is cemented within the intramedullary canal.
- the proximal phalanx base is located within the proximal phalanx.
- the metacarpal head is push fitted into engagement with the metacarpal sleeve.
- the metacarpal head may become worn and a simple operation is required to open up the joint, remove the metacarpal head and replace it by a new head. There is no need to remove the metacarpal sleeve from its cemented imposition within the metacarpal shaft.
- a further operation may be performed to replace the metacarpal head and proximal phalanx base with a single linked together component, but again without disturbing the metacarpal sleeve.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention se rapporte à une prothèse d'articulation phalangienne destinée à être implantée entre un premier os et un second os, cette prothèse comprenant un premier composant pouvant être raccordé fonctionnellement au premier os, et un second composant pouvant être raccordé fonctionnellement au second os. Chaque composant comprend une partie de fixation se raccordant au premier os et une partie de support venant en contact pivotant avec la partie de support de l'autre composant, les parties de fixation et de support du premier composant étant des éléments distincts de raccordement de sorte que, lorsque l'articulation implantée est en utilisation, il n'y ait aucun mouvement relatif entre ces éléments. L'articulation est généralement une articulation métacarpophalangienne et la partie de fixation de premier composant est, de préférence, un manchon monté dans l'os métacarpien afin de fixer la nouvelle tête métacarpienne. Le composant en deux parties du premier os permet de remplacer les têtes usées sans gêner la fixation du manchon.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9411418A GB9411418D0 (en) | 1994-06-08 | 1994-06-08 | Prosthetic finger joint |
GB9411418.8 | 1994-06-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995033425A1 true WO1995033425A1 (fr) | 1995-12-14 |
Family
ID=10756351
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1995/001341 WO1995033425A1 (fr) | 1994-06-08 | 1995-06-08 | Articulation prothetique de doigt |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB9411418D0 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1995033425A1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6689169B2 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2004-02-10 | Finsbury (Development) Limited | Prothesis |
DE102004043700A1 (de) * | 2004-09-09 | 2006-03-16 | Plus Endoprothetik Ag | Endoprothese für ein Metatarsophalangealgelenk |
US8529611B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2013-09-10 | Competitive Global Medical, Llc | Distal interphalangeal fusion method and device |
US8685067B2 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2014-04-01 | Competitive Global Medical, Llc | Compression plate apparatus |
US8715326B2 (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2014-05-06 | Competitive Global Medical, Llc | Distal interphalangeal fusion device and method of use |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4349922A (en) * | 1979-02-22 | 1982-09-21 | Agee John M | Joint prosthesis with improved articulation means |
US4352212A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1982-10-05 | Howmedica, Inc. | Joint prosthesis |
EP0280424A1 (fr) * | 1987-02-09 | 1988-08-31 | Dow Corning Corporation | Prothèse articulaire |
WO1991004718A1 (fr) * | 1989-10-09 | 1991-04-18 | Neoligaments Limited | Articulation de doigt prothetique |
US5147386A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1992-09-15 | Techmedica, Inc. | Securable pistoning finger prosthesis |
-
1994
- 1994-06-08 GB GB9411418A patent/GB9411418D0/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-06-08 WO PCT/GB1995/001341 patent/WO1995033425A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4349922A (en) * | 1979-02-22 | 1982-09-21 | Agee John M | Joint prosthesis with improved articulation means |
US4352212A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1982-10-05 | Howmedica, Inc. | Joint prosthesis |
EP0280424A1 (fr) * | 1987-02-09 | 1988-08-31 | Dow Corning Corporation | Prothèse articulaire |
US5147386A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1992-09-15 | Techmedica, Inc. | Securable pistoning finger prosthesis |
WO1991004718A1 (fr) * | 1989-10-09 | 1991-04-18 | Neoligaments Limited | Articulation de doigt prothetique |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6689169B2 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2004-02-10 | Finsbury (Development) Limited | Prothesis |
DE102004043700A1 (de) * | 2004-09-09 | 2006-03-16 | Plus Endoprothetik Ag | Endoprothese für ein Metatarsophalangealgelenk |
US8715326B2 (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2014-05-06 | Competitive Global Medical, Llc | Distal interphalangeal fusion device and method of use |
US8529611B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2013-09-10 | Competitive Global Medical, Llc | Distal interphalangeal fusion method and device |
US8685067B2 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2014-04-01 | Competitive Global Medical, Llc | Compression plate apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9411418D0 (en) | 1994-07-27 |
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