WO1995029173A1 - Naphthalene derivatives, method of preparation and use - Google Patents
Naphthalene derivatives, method of preparation and use Download PDFInfo
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- WO1995029173A1 WO1995029173A1 PCT/EP1995/001415 EP9501415W WO9529173A1 WO 1995029173 A1 WO1995029173 A1 WO 1995029173A1 EP 9501415 W EP9501415 W EP 9501415W WO 9529173 A1 WO9529173 A1 WO 9529173A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/92—Naphthofurans; Hydrogenated naphthofurans
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/78—Ring systems having three or more relevant rings
- C07D311/92—Naphthopyrans; Hydrogenated naphthopyrans
Definitions
- This invention relates to tricyclic naphthalene derivatives, to processes for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and to their medical use.
- R 1 is a group of the formula -CR 3 R 4 (CH2)pNR 5 COR 6 ;
- R 2 is hydrogen, halogen, OR 7 or CO2R 7 , and may be the same or different substituent when q is 2;
- R 3 , R 4 and R 5 which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or C-
- R6 is C ⁇ _6alkyl or C3-7cycloalkyl
- R 7 is hydrogen or Ci ⁇ alkyl; n is zero, 1 or 2; p is an integer of 1 , 2, 3 or 4; q is 1 or 2; and the dotted lines indicate the absence or presence of an additional bond.
- the substituent R ⁇ may be attached at any available position on the carbocyclic portion of the tricylic ring other than the position occupied by the R1 group.
- an alkyl group may be a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group.
- suitable alkyl groups include C ⁇ alkyl groups, for example methyl, ethyl and isopropyl groups.
- a preferred alkyl group is methyl.
- a halogen substituent may be, for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- R 1 preferably represents a group -CR 3 R 4 (CH2) p NHCOR 6 wherein R 3 and
- R 4 each independently represent hydrogen or C-
- Examples of the group R ⁇ include hydrogen, halogen (e.g. fluorine) and
- n is zero or 1.
- a particularly suitable compound according to the present invention is N-[2- (1 ,2-dihydro-naphtho[2,1-b]furan-9-yl)-ethyl]-acetamide, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) include those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic and organic acids.
- suitable acids include hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulphuric, nitric, perchloric, fumaric, maleic, phosphoric, glycollic, lactic, salicylic, succinic, toluene- ⁇ -sulphonic, tartaric, acetic, citric, methanesulphonic, formic, benzoic, malonic, naphthalene-2-sulphonic and benzenesulphonic acids.
- a particularly suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compounds of formula (I) is the hydrochloride salt.
- the compounds of formula (I) may contain at least one asymmetric carbon atom and may exist as stereoisomers.
- the compounds of formula (I) thus include the d- and l-isomers and mixtures, for example racemic mixtures, thereof.
- the compounds of formula (I) have a high affinity and selectivity for binding to melatonin receptors as demonstrated in chick retinal membranes according to the method of Dubocovich ML, FASEB J, 2, 2765-2773 (1988) and have either melatonin agonist or antagonist activity. Accordingly, the compounds are of use as scientific tools for studying the role of melatonin within biological systems.
- the compounds of formula (I) are also of use in the treatment of disorders which arise from a disturbed functioning of the melatonin system.
- the compounds of formula (I) may be used in the treatment of chronobiological disorders, especially in the elderly population, glaucoma, cancer, psychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative diseases or neuroendocrine disorders arising as a result of or influenced by the melatonin system.
- Chronobiological disorders include seasonal affective disorders (SAD), primary and secondary insomnia disorders, primary and secondary hypersomnia disorders, sleep-wake schedule disorders (including advanced phase type, delayed phase type, disorganised type and frequently-changing type) and other dyssomnias, especially those caused by ageing, dementias, blindness, shift work and by rapid time-zone travel, commonly known as jet lag.
- SAD seasonal affective disorders
- primary and secondary insomnia disorders primary and secondary hypersomnia disorders
- sleep-wake schedule disorders including advanced phase type, delayed phase type, disorganised type and frequently-changing type
- other dyssomnias especially those caused by ageing, dementias, blindness, shift work and by rapid time-zone travel, commonly known as jet lag.
- Cancers which may be treated with a compound of formula (I) include solid tumours, e.g. melanomas and breast carcinomas.
- Psychiatric disorders which may be related to altered melatonin function or- influenced by melatonin and circadian rhythms include mood disorders (including bipolar disorders of all types, major depression, dysthymia and other depressive disorders), psychoactive substance dependence and abuse, anxiety disorders (including panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, simple phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and generalised anxiety disorder), schizophrenia, epilepsy and epileptic seizures (including grand mal, petit mal, myoclonic epilepsy and partial seizures), disorders of involuntary movement (including those due to Parkinson's disease, and drug- induced involuntary movements) and dementias (including primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type).
- Neurodegenerative diseases which may be related to altered melatonin function or influenced by melatonin and biological rhythms include multiple sclerosis and stroke.
- Neuroendocrine disorders which may be related to altered melatonin function or influenced by melatonin and biological rhythms include peptic ulceration, emesis, psoriasis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, hair condition and body weight.
- Particular neuroendocrine disorders which may be treated include those relating to the regulation of reproductive maturation and function include idiopathic delayed puberty, sudden infant death, premature labour, infertility, antifertility, premenstrual syndrome (including late luteal phase dysphoric disorder) and sexual dysfunction (including sexual desire disorders, male erectile disorder, post-menopausal disorders and orgasm disorders).
- the compounds may also be used to manipulate breeding cycles, body weight, coat colour and oviposition of susceptible hosts, including birds, insects and mammals.
- the compounds of formula (I) may also have sedative and analgesic effects, effects on the microcirculation and immunomodulant effects and may be useful for the treatment of hypertension, migraine, cluster headache, regulation of appetite and in the treatment of eating disorders such as obesity, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
- a compound of formula (I) for use in therapy, in particular in human medicine. It will be appreciated that use in therapy embraces but is not necessarily limited to use of a compound of formula (I) as an active therapeutic substance.
- a method for the treatment of a mammal comprising administration of an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), in particular for the treatment of conditions associated with a disturbed functioning of the melatonin system.
- the invention thus further provides a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound of formula (I) together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers therefor.
- the carrier(s) must be 'acceptable' in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
- compositions include those suitable for oral, rectal, vaginal, nasal, topical or parenteral (including intramuscular, subcutaneous and intravenous) administration or in a form suitable for administration by inhalation or insufflation.
- the formulations may, where appropriate, be conveniently presented in discrete dosage units and may be prepared by any of the methods well known in the art of pharmacy. All methods include the step of bringing into association the active compound with liquid carriers or finely divided solid carriers or both and then, if necessary, shaping the product into the desired formulation.
- the pharmaceutical compositions may take the form of, for example, tablets or capsules prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binding agents (e.g. pregelatinised maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); fillers (e.g. lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium phosphate); lubricants (e.g. magnesium stearate, talc or silica); disintegrants (e.g. potato starch, crosscarmellose sodium or sodium starch glycollate); or wetting agents (e.g. sodium lauryl sulphate).
- binding agents e.g. pregelatinised maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
- fillers e.g. lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium phosphate
- lubricants e.g. magnesium stearate, talc or silica
- disintegrants e.g. potato starch, crosscarmel
- Liquid preparations for oral administration may take the form of, for example, solutions, syrups or suspensions, or they may be presented as a dry product for constitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
- Such liquid preparations may be prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as suspending agents (e.g. sorbitol syrup, methyl cellulose or hydrogenated edible fats); emulsifying agents (e.g. lecithin or acacia); non-aqueous vehicles (e.g. almond oil, oily esters or ethyl alcohol); and preservatives (e.g. methyl or propyl- ⁇ -hydroxybenzoates or sorbic acid).
- suspending agents e.g. sorbitol syrup, methyl cellulose or hydrogenated edible fats
- emulsifying agents e.g. lecithin or acacia
- non-aqueous vehicles e.g. almond oil, oily esters or ethyl alcohol
- preservatives e.g
- compositions may take the form of buccal or sub-lingual tablets, drops or lozenges formulated in conventional manner.
- the compounds may be formulated as creams, gels, ointments or lotions or as a transdermal patch.
- compositions may for example be formulated with an aqueous or oily base with the addition of suitable dissolving, thickening, gelling, emulsifying, stabilising, dispersing, suspending and/or colouring agents.
- the compounds of the invention may be formulated for parenteral administration by injection, conveniently intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, for example by bolus injection or continuous intravenous infusion.
- Formulations for injection may be presented in unit dosage form e.g. in ampoules or in multi-dose containers, with an added preservative.
- the compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and may contain formulatory agents such as suspending, stabilising and/or dispersing agents.
- the active ingredient may be in powder form for constitution with a suitable vehicle, e.g. sterile pyrogen-free water, before use.
- the compounds of the invention may also be formulated in rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enemas, e.g. containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glyceride.
- Pessaries for vaginal administration may be formulated in a similar manner.
- the compounds of the invention may be used, for example, as a liquid spray, as a powder or in the form of drops.
- the compounds according to the invention are conveniently delivered in the form of an aerosol spray presentation from pressurised packs or a nebuliser.
- a suitable propellant e.g. dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, carbon dioxide or other suitable gas.
- the composition may take such forms as suspensions, solutions or emulsions, and may contain formulatory agents, such as surfactants, e.g. oleic acid or lecithins.
- the dosage unit may be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered amount.
- Formulations for nebulisation may be presented in unit dosage form, e.g. in ampoules or vials, taking such form as solutions or suspensions, and may contain formulatory agents, such as suspending and stabilising agents.
- Capsules and cartridges of e.g. gelatin for use in an inhaler or insufflator may be formulated containing a powder mix of a compound of the invention and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch.
- compositions described above may be presented in a conventional manner associated with controlled release forms, such as compression coated tablets.
- the active ingredient may conveniently be presented in unit dose form.
- a convenient unit dose formulation contains the active ingredient in an amount of from about 0.1 mg to about 200mg.
- the compound may be administered in single or divided doses and may be administered one or more times, for example 1 to 4 times per day.
- a proposed dose of the compounds of the invention for oral, rectal, vaginal, intranasal, topical or parenteral administration to man (of approximately 70kg bodyweight) for the treatment of conditions associated with a disturbed functioning of the melatonin system is 0.01 to 200mg of the active ingredient per unit dose which could be administered, for example, 1 to 4 times per day.
- a unit dose will preferably contain from 0.1 to 200mg of the active ingredient.
- a unit dose for parenteral administration will preferably contain 0.1 to 5 mg of the active ingredient.
- Pressurised aerosol formulations are preferably arranged so that each metered dose or 'puff delivered from a pressurised pack contains 0.2 mg to 2 mg of a compound of the invention, and capsules and cartridges delivered from an insufflator or an inhaler or each unit dose for nebulisation, contain 0.2 mg to 20 mg of a compound of the invention.
- the overall daily dose by inhalation with an aerosol will be within the range 1 mg to 100 mg. Administration may be several times daily, for example from 2 to 8 times, giving for example 1, 2 or 3 doses each time.
- Dosages of the compounds of the invention for rectal, vaginal, intranasal or topical administration are similar to those for oral administration.
- the compounds of the invention may, if desired, be administered in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents such as a hypnotic or antidepressant agent, or an anti-cancer agent such as tamoxiphen, or in combination with radiation therapy to treat cancer.
- a hypnotic or antidepressant agent such as a hypnotic or antidepressant agent, or an anti-cancer agent such as tamoxiphen, or in combination with radiation therapy to treat cancer.
- an anti-cancer agent such as tamoxiphen
- compositions comprising a compound of formula (I) together with at least one other therapeutic agent and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers therefor comprise a further aspect of the invention.
- the compounds When compounds of formula (I) are used in combination with other therapeutic agents, the compounds may be administered either sequentially or simultaneously by any convenient route.
- each component of the combination will in general be that employed for each component when used alone.
- Suitable acylating agents which may conveniently be used in the above process include acid anhydrides and acid halides.
- the reaction is conveniently effected in a suitable solvent such as an ether (e.g. diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxan), a hydrocarbon such as toluene or a halogenated hydrocarbon (e.g. dichloromethane), preferably in the presence of a base such as pyridine or a tertiary amine (e.g. diisopropylethylamine), at a temperature in the range of 0 to 100°C, preferably 0 to 20°C.
- a compound of formula (II) in which R ⁇ is hydrogen may conveniently be prepared by the reduction of a compound of formula (III)
- the reduction may conveniently be effected using a boron hydride reducing agent such as borane-tetrahydrofuran complex in an ether solvent (e.g. tetrahydrofuran) at a suitable temperature, for example from 0° to 100 ⁇ C.
- a boron hydride reducing agent such as borane-tetrahydrofuran complex in an ether solvent (e.g. tetrahydrofuran) at a suitable temperature, for example from 0° to 100 ⁇ C.
- _e alkyl may be prepared by N- alkylation of compounds of formula (II) in which R ⁇ is hydrogen using standard procedures.
- a compound of formula (II) in which R5 is hydrogen may also be prepared from a compound of formula (IV)
- a compound of formula (III) in which A represents -CONH2 may conveniently be prepared by reacting a corresponding carboxylic acid of formula (V)
- a coupling agent such as N,N - carbonyldiimidazole or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or other suitable coupling agent known in the art, for example from peptide synthesis.
- the coupling agent is first added to a compound of formula (V) in a suitable solvent such as an ether (e.g. tetrahydrofuran) and the mixture then treated with the ammonia solution.
- a suitable solvent such as an ether (e.g. tetrahydrofuran)
- the reaction may conveniently be carried out at about ambient temperature.
- a compound of formula (V) may conveniently be prepared by the saponification of a compound of formula (VI)
- the hydrolysis may be carried out in the presence of a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide (e.g. lithium hydroxide) in a suitable solvent such as water, an ether (e.g. tetrahydrofuran) or an alcohol (e.g. methanol or ethanol) or a mixture thereof.
- a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide (e.g. lithium hydroxide) in a suitable solvent such as water, an ether (e.g. tetrahydrofuran) or an alcohol (e.g. methanol or ethanol) or a mixture thereof.
- a suitable solvent such as water, an ether (e.g. tetrahydrofuran) or an alcohol (e.g. methanol or ethanol) or a mixture thereof.
- the reaction may conveniently be carried out at about ambient temperature.
- a compound of formula (VI) in which R is a lower alkyl group such as methyl may also be reduced to a corresponding compound of formula (IV).
- the reduction may conveniently be carried out by treating a compound of formula (VI) with a suitable reducing agent such as a hydride reducing agent (e.g. lithium borohydride or lithium aluminium hydride) in a suitable solvent such as an ether (e.g. tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether or a mixture thereof) conveniently at about ambient temperature.
- a suitable reducing agent such as a hydride reducing agent (e.g. lithium borohydride or lithium aluminium hydride) in a suitable solvent such as an ether (e.g. tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether or a mixture thereof) conveniently at about ambient temperature.
- a suitable reducing agent such as a hydride reducing agent (e.g. lithium borohydride or lithium aluminium hydride)
- a suitable solvent such
- a compound of formula (VI) in which one or more of the dotted lines indicates an additional bond may conveniently be prepared by oxidising an appropriately saturated compound of formula (VI).
- the oxidation may be carried out by refluxing the partially saturated compound of formula (Vlb) with ⁇ -chloranil in xylenes, alternatively palladium on carbon in ⁇ -cymene may be employed.
- a compound of formula (Vlb) may be prepared by treating a compound of formula (VII)
- Hal is a halogen atom, e.g. bromine
- a suitable solvent such as toluene or an ether (e.g. diethyl ether) or a mixture of these solvents under reflux, followed by the addition of a suitable acid such as p-toluenesulphonic acid.
- a compound of formula (VII) in which R 2 is hydrogen may be prepared by cyclising a compound of formula (VIII)
- the cyclisation may conveniently be effected by converting the acid of formula (VIII) to an activated derivative such as the corresponding acid chloride, for example using thionyl chloride as the chlorinating agent, and then treating the acid chloride with SnC.4 in a solvent such as a halogenated hydrocarbon (e.g. dichloromethane) at about ambient temperature.
- a compound of formula (VII) in which R2 is other than hydrogen may be similarly prepared from an appropriately substituted compound of formula (VIII).
- Step (i) comprises treating a compound of formula (IX) with an alkylcerium (III) halide such as methylcerium (III) chloride (conveniently freshly prepared from cerium (III) chloride and methyllithium) in an ether solvent (e.g. tetrahydrofuran) at a low temperature (e.g. -78 ⁇ C) and then completing the reaction at ambient temperature.
- an alkylcerium (III) halide such as methylcerium (III) chloride (conveniently freshly prepared from cerium (III) chloride and methyllithium) in an ether solvent (e.g. tetrahydrofuran) at a low temperature (e.g. -78 ⁇ C) and then completing the reaction at ambient temperature.
- Step (ii) comprises oxidising (X) with p-chloranil in xylenes under reflux.
- Step (iii) comprises treating (XI) with boron tribromide in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent followed by the addition of a suitable acid such as hydrochloric acid at a temperature of from about 0°C to about 20°C.
- a suitable acid such as hydrochloric acid
- Step (iv) comprises a conventional alkylation reaction with an alkylating agent
- Step (v) comprises treating the acetal (XIII) with a suitable acid (e.g. polyphosphoric acid) in a solvent such as toluene and completing the reaction by maintaining the mixture at reflux.
- a suitable acid e.g. polyphosphoric acid
- Step (vi) comprises halogenation, typically bromination, using a halogenating reagent, such as N-bromosuccinimide, in the presence of a peroxide (e.g. benzoyl peroxide) and in a suitable solvent such as a halogenated hydrocarbon (e.g. carbon tetrachloride) with the mixture heated at reflux with simultaneous irradiation.
- a halogenating reagent such as N-bromosuccinimide
- Step (vii) comprises treating a compound of formula (xv) with a cyanide (e.g. potassium cyanide) in an alcohol (e.g. methanol) and heating the mixture at reflux until the reaction is complete.
- a cyanide e.g. potassium cyanide
- an alcohol e.g. methanol
- a compound of formula (I) may be converted to another compound of formula (I).
- a fully unsaturated compound of formula (I) i.e. where both dotted lines in the naphthalene portion of the tricycle indicate the presence of additional bonds and the dotted line in the oxygen-containing ring of the tricycle indicates the presence of an additional bond
- the reduction may conveniently be effected by catalytic hydrogenation, for example using 10% palladium on carbon.
- the hydrogenation may be effected in an alcohol solvent (e.g. ethanol), conveniently at about ambient temperature.
- a fully unsaturated compound of formula (I) in which n is 1 may be prepared by cyclising a compound of formula
- the reaction may conveniently be effected by heating a compound of formula (XVI) (e.g. under reflux) in a suitable solvent such as a halogenated hydrocarbon (e.g. bromobenzene).
- a suitable solvent such as a halogenated hydrocarbon (e.g. bromobenzene).
- a compound of formula (XVI) may be prepared by the alkylation of a compound of formula
- alkyl halide HalCH2C ⁇ CH where Hal is a halogen atom, e.g. bromine.
- the alkylation may be effected under conventional conditions, for example in a suitable solvent such as dimethylformamide and in the presence of a suitable base such as an alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonate or bicarbonate (e.g. potassium carbonate) at a temperature of from about 50°C to about 150°C.
- a compound of formula (XVII) wherein R 2 represents halogen can be prepared from a corresponding compound of formula (XVIII)
- R represents a group, typically methyl and Hal represents a halogen atom substantially as hereinbefore described.
- R represents a group, typically methyl and Hal represents a halogen atom substantially as hereinbefore described.
- R 2 represents Hal
- a compound of formula (XVII) wherein R 2 represents Hal is achieved by removal of alkyl substituent R, aptly by treatment with a boron trihalide, e.g. boron tribromide, in a haloginated solvent, such as dichloromethane, at ambient temperature.
- a boron trihalide e.g. boron tribromide
- a compound of formula (XIX) is aptly prepared from a compound of formula (XX)
- a compound of formula (XX) may be prepared from a compound of formula (XI) as hereinbefore described, suitably employing conventional halogenating agents, such as NBS or the like.
- a compound of formula (I) may be prepared from a compound of formula (XXI)
- a compound of formula (XXI) can be prepared from a corresponding compound of formula (III), wherein A represents -CN.
- the preparation involves sequential reflux stages as substantially hereinbefore described with reference to a compound of formula (XIX).
- a compound of formula (I) may be prepared by subjecting a protected derivative of a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof to reaction to remove the protecting group or groups.
- (I) may be used in conventional manner. See for example 'Protective Groups in
- the following reactions may, if desirable and/or if necessary, be carried out in any appropriate sequence subsequent to any of the processes (A), (B), (C) or (D): (i) removal of any protecting groups; and
- Compounds of the invention may be isolated in association with solvent molecules by crystallisation from or evaporation of an appropriate solvent.
- Individual enantiomers of the compounds of the invention may be prepared from racemates by resolution using methods known in the art for the separation of racemic mixtures into their constituent enantiomers, for example using chiral HPLC.
- the general methods indicated above for the preparation of the compounds of the invention may also be used for the introduction of the desired groups at an intermediate stage in the preparation of the required compound. It should therefore be appreciated that in such multi-stage processes, the sequence of reactions should be chosen in order that the reaction conditions do not affect groups present in the molecule which are desired in the final product.
- Compounds of formula (VII) are particularly important intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I).
- Compounds of formula (IX) are either known compounds described in J. Org. Chem. (1957), 22, 193 or may be prepared by methods analogous to those described in the art for preparing the known compounds of formula (IX).
- Ammonia means aqueous ammonia (i.e. 0.880 NH3).
- EtOAc means ethyl acetate.
- T.l.c. means thin layer chromatography
- the gum was purified by column chromatography eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate and cyclohexane (40:60) to give the title compound as white needles (1.07g), m.p. 79-81 °C.
- the solid was suspended in wet methanol (20ml) and treated with potassium cyanide (260mg). This mixture was heated at reflux with stirring under nitrogen for 2 hours and then evaporated to dryness in vacuo. treated with water (40ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3x25ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine (1x25ml), dried (MgS0 4 ) and evaporated in vacuo to leave a solid. The solid was preabsorbed onto silica gel and purified by column chromatography eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate and cyclohexane (25:75) to give the title compound as a pale yellow solid (396mg), m.p. 179-180°C.
- EP-A-0562956 (350mg), anhydrous potassium carbonate (414mg), propargyl bromide (80wt% in toluene; 170 ⁇ l) and dimethylformamide (6ml) was stirred at 110°C for 3 hours and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 hours. The mixture was diluted with water (30ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3x20ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine (20ml), dried (MgS0 4 ) and evaporated in vacuo to leave a yellow oil.
- naphthalene 38.3g was dissolved in dichloromethane (500ml), and the stirred solution cooled to 0°C. Boron tribromide (1M in dichloromethane, 250ml) was added, the cooling bath was removed and stirring maintained at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled (0°C) and methanol (100ml) was added dropwise. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the residue treated with 2N hydrochloric acid and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The dried extracts were evaporated and the residue chromatographed on silica gel. Elution with ethyl acetate/cyclohexane 1:20 gave the title compound as a pale brown solid (34.8g).
- 6-Fluoro-7-methoxy-1 -methyl-naphthalene ⁇ -Chloranil (10.7g) was added at room temperature to a stirring solution of Intermediate 8 (6.70g) in xylenes (70ml). The dark mixture was heated at reflux with stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere for 14 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to leave a dark red solid which was suspended in dichloromethane (80ml) and filtered. The filter pad was washed with additional dichloromethane (2x20ml) and the combined organic filtrates were evaporated in vacuo to leave a red oil.
- the mixture was diluted with water (30ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3x30ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine (1x30ml), dried (Na 2 S0 4 ) and evaporated in vacuo to leave a yellow oil.
- the oil was dissolved in dichloromethane (15ml), cooled to 10°C (water bath), and treated successively with diisopropylethylamine (648 ⁇ l) and acetyl chloride (165 ⁇ l).
- the gum was purified by column chromatography eluting with a mixture of 5% ammonical methanol and dichloromethane (10:90) to give a colourless gum (131mg).
- the gum was dissolved in a mixture of diisopropylethylamine (320 ⁇ l) and dichloromethane (4ml), cooled to 4°C and treated with acetyl chloride (55 ⁇ l). After 0.25 hours, water (10ml) was added, the organic phase was separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (2x10ml).
- Example 1 N-f2-(1.2.6.7.8.9-Hexahvdro-naphthor2.1 -blfuran-9-vn-ethyll-acetamide
- ethanol 5ml
- the mixture was filtered through Hyflo, and the filter pad was washed with ethanol (3x10ml).
- the solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the residual colourless gum was purified by column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate to give the title compound as a colourless gum (68mg).
- T.l.c. EtOAc Rf 0.20.
- N-r2-(4-Fluoro-naphthof2.1 -blfuran-9-vD-ethyll-acetamide A solution of borane in tetrahydrofuran (1.0M x 4.50ml) was added to a stirring solution of Intermediate 13 (390mg) in tetrahydrofuran (12ml) and the mixture was heated at reflux with stirring for 2 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, treated cautiously with 2M hydrochloric acid (5ml) and then heated under reflux with stirring for 5 minutes. The mixture was basified with 2M aqueous sodium hydroxide (15ml) and heated at reflux for a further 0.5 hours.
- Example 4 A solution of Example 4 (85mg) in ethanol (6ml) was hydrogenated at room temperature and atmospheric pressure over a stirring suspension of 10% palladium on carbon (40mg) for 4 hours. The mixture was filtered through Hyflo and the pad was washed with ethanol (2x3ml). The combined organic filtrates were evaporated in vacuo to leave a white powder which was purified by column chromatography eluting with a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate (2:98) to give the title compound as a white powder (30mg), m.p. 174-176°C. N.m.r. (CDCI 3 ) ⁇ 1.97 (3H,s), 3.27 (2H,t), 3.53 (2H,q), 3.90 (2H,t), 4.82 (2H,t) and 7.2-7.7 (5H,m).
- Example 7 N-.2-(2.3-Dihvdro-1 H-benzorflchromen-1 O-vn-ethyll-acetamide
- a solution of Example 7 (150mg) in absolute ethanol (6ml) was hydrogenated at atmospheric pressure and room temperature over a stirring suspension of 10% palladium on carbon (30mg) for 0.5 hours.
- the catalyst was removed by filtration through Hyflo, and the filter pad was washed with ethanol (2x5ml).
- the combined organic filtrates were evaporated in vacuo to leave a white solid which was purified by column chromatography eluting with a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate (5:95) to give the title compound as a white solid
- Example 10 A solution of Example 10 (175mg) in ethyl acetate (12ml) was hydrogenated over a stirring suspension of 10% palladium on carbon (30mg) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure for 3 hours.
- the catalyst was removed by filtration through a Hyflo pad and the pad was washed with ethyl acetate (3x20ml).
- the combined organic filtrates were evaporated in vacuo to leave a foam which was purified by column chromatography (Si0 2 ) eluting with a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate (2:98) to give the title compound as a white solid (154mg; 88%), m.p. 111 -113°C. T.l.c. Si0 2 : 2% methanol-98% ethyl acetate, Rf 0.25
- the active ingredient was sieved and blended with the excipients.
- the resultant mix was compressed into tablets using a tablet machine fitted with suitable diameter punches.
- a rotary machine may also be used for tabletting.
- Tablets of various strengths may be prepared by for example altering the ratio of active ingredient to lactose or the compression weight and using punches to suit.
- the active ingredient was sieved through a suitable sieve and blended with lactose, starch and pregelatinised maize starch. Suitable volumes of purified water were added and the powders were granulated. After drying, the granules were screened and blended with the magnesium stearate. The granules were then compressed into tablets using suitable diameter punches.
- a rotary machine may also be used for tabletting.
- Tablets of various strengths may be prepared by for example altering the ratio of active ingredient to lactose or the compression weight and using punches to suit.
- the active ingredient and lactose were mixed together and granulated by the addition of purified water.
- the granules obtained after mixing were dried and passed through a screen, and the resulting granules were then mixed with the other tablet core excipients. The mix is compressed into tablets.
- a rotary machine may also be used for tabletting.
- Tablets of various strengths may be prepared by for example altering the ratio of active ingredient to lactose or the compression weight and using punches to suit.
- the tablets may be film coated with suitable film-forming materials such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, preferably incorporating pigments in the formulation, using standard techniques.
- suitable film-forming materials such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, preferably incorporating pigments in the formulation, using standard techniques.
- the tablets may be sugar coated, or enteric coated.
- the active ingredient may also be formulated as a tablet core using conventional excipients such as fillers, binders, disintegrants and lubricants, and this core then compressed within an outer tablet (compression coated) using conventional excipients such as a pH-independent hydrophilic polymer, fillers, binders, disintegrants and lubricants.
- This outer coat may also contain active ingredient. The compression of both the core and the outer compression coat can be achieved using conventional tabletting machinery.
- Such a dosage form can be designed so as to control the release of active ingredient as required.
- the active ingredient, anhydrous monosodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate and aspartame were mixed together and granulated by the addition of a solution of the polyvinylpyrrolidone in the alcohol.
- the granules obtained after mixing were dried and passed through a screen, and the resulting granules were then mixed with the sodium benzoate and flavourings.
- the granulated material was compressed into tablets using suitable diameter punches. A rotary machine may also be used for tabletting.
- Liquid formulations were prepared by slow addition of active ingredient into the other ingredients at 35-50T with constant mixing.
- liquid formulations were filled into hard gelatin capsules, the size of the capsule being used and the filler determining the possible dose of active ingredient per capsule.
- Active ingredient 24.5 Pregelatinised maize starch 75.0 Magnesium stearate 0.5
- the active ingredient was sieved and blended with the excipients.
- the mix was filled into hard gelatin capsules using suitable machinery. The dose is determined by the fill weight and the capsule size.
- the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was dispersed in hot water, cooled and then mixed with an aqueous solution containing the active ingredient and the other components of the formulation. The resultant solution was adjusted to volume and mixed. The syrup was clarified by filtration.
- the aluminium monostearate was dispersed in about 90% of the fractionated coconut oil.
- the resulting suspension was heated to 115°C while stirring and then cooled.
- the sweetening agent, flavour and colour were added and the active ingredient was suitably dispersed.
- the suspension was made up to volume with the remaining fractionated coconut oil and mixed.
- the active ingredient was sieved through a suitable sieve, blended with the excipients and compressed using suitable punches. Tablets of various strengths may be prepared by altering either the ratio of active ingredient to excipients or the compression weight and using punches to suit.
- a rotary machine may also be used for tabletting.
- a suspension of the active ingredient in molten Witepsol was prepared and filled using suitable machinery, into 1g size suppository moulds.
- the active ingredient was dissolved in a portion of the sodium chloride intravenous infusion, the solution made to volume with the sodium chloride intravenous infusion, and the solution thoroughly mixed.
- the solution was filled into clear, Type 1 , glass 1 ml ampoules and sealed by fusion of the glass under a nitrogen or air headspace.
- the ampoules were sterilised by autoclaving at 121°C for not less than 15 minutes. Alternatively the solution may be sterilised by filtration prior to filling aseptically into ampoules.
- the active ingredient was micronised in a fluid energy mill to a fine particle size range prior to blending with normal tabletting grade lactose in a high energy mixer.
- the powder blend was filled into No 3 hard gelatin capsules on a suitable encapsulating machine.
- the contents of the cartridges were administered using a powder inhaler such as the Glaxo Rotahaler.
- the active ingredient was micronised in a fluid energy mill to a fine particle size range.
- the oleic acid was mixed with the trichloromethane at a temperature of 10-15°C and the micronised drug was mixed into the solution with a high shear mixer.
- the suspension was metered into aluminium aerosol cans and suitable metering valves, delivering 85mg of suspension, were crimped onto the cans and the dichlorodifluoromethane was pressure filled into the cans through the valves. NASAL SPRAY
- Active ingredient 7.0 Sodium chloride 0.9 Purified water to 100 Shot weight 100mg (equivalent to 7mg active ingredient)
- the active ingredient and sodium chloride were dissolved in a portion of the water, the solution made to volume with the water and the solution thoroughly mixed.
- the pH may be adjusted to facilitate solution of the active ingredient, using acid or alkali and/or subsequently adjusted if necessary taking into account the pH for optimum stability.
- suitable buffer salts may be used.
- the solution may be preserved with, for example, benzalkanium chloride and phenylethyl alcohol, for a multi-dose nasal spray.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7527323A JPH10502336A (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1995-04-19 | Naphthalene derivatives, production method and use |
AU24464/95A AU2446495A (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1995-04-19 | Naphthalene derivatives, method of preparation and use |
EP95918557A EP0821681A1 (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1995-04-19 | Naphthalene derivatives, method of preparation and use |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9407919A GB9407919D0 (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1994-04-21 | Chemical compounds |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995029173A1 true WO1995029173A1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
Family
ID=10753893
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1995/001415 WO1995029173A1 (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1995-04-19 | Naphthalene derivatives, method of preparation and use |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0821681A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10502336A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2446495A (en) |
CO (1) | CO4370018A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9407919D0 (en) |
IL (1) | IL113431A0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995029173A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA953140B (en) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0737670A1 (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-10-16 | Adir Et Compagnie | Tricyclic amides, processes for their preparation, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
EP0748627A2 (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1996-12-18 | Eli Lilly And Company | Melatonin agonists for use in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia |
WO1997032871A1 (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-12 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Tricyclic compounds, their production and use |
WO1998015267A1 (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-16 | Clarencew Pty Ltd | Method for the treatment of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders |
WO1998052935A1 (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-11-26 | Adir Et Compagnie | Substituted heterocyclic compounds, method for preparing and compositions containing same |
US5843986A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1998-12-01 | Adir Et Compagnie | Tricyclic amide compounds |
US5856529A (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 1999-01-05 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Benzofuran and dihydrobenzofuran melatonergic agents |
WO1999036392A1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-22 | Adir Et Compagnie | Novel tricyclic compounds, preparation method and pharmaceutical compositions containing same |
US5948817A (en) * | 1997-03-05 | 1999-09-07 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Polycyclic ethyl alkylamide melatonergic agents |
US5998461A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1999-12-07 | Adir Et Compagnie | Tricyclic amide compounds |
US6034239A (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 2000-03-07 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Tricyclic compounds, their production and use |
US6071946A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 2000-06-06 | Adir Et Compagnie | Tricyclic urea compounds |
EP1082115A1 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2001-03-14 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Heterocyclic cis cyclopropane derivatives as melatonergic agents |
US6211225B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2001-04-03 | Bristol-Meyers Squibb | Heterocyclic aminopyrrolidine derivatives as melatonergic agents |
US6310085B1 (en) | 1997-10-03 | 2001-10-30 | Clarencew Pty Ltd. | Method for the treatment of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders |
US7008940B1 (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2006-03-07 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Dihydrobenzofuran derivatives, process for the preparing thereof and agents |
WO2019011279A1 (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-17 | 北京广为医药科技有限公司 | N-(2-(substituted-naphth-1-yl)ethyl) substituted amide compound, preparation and uses thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7468178B2 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2008-12-23 | Neurosciences Research Foundation, Inc. | Methods for identifying compounds that modulate vigilance states |
US6730287B1 (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2004-05-04 | Neurosciences Research Foundation Inc. | Methods for identifying compounds that modulate vigilance states |
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- 1994-04-21 GB GB9407919A patent/GB9407919D0/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-04-19 AU AU24464/95A patent/AU2446495A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-04-19 WO PCT/EP1995/001415 patent/WO1995029173A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-04-19 CO CO95015986A patent/CO4370018A1/en unknown
- 1995-04-19 JP JP7527323A patent/JPH10502336A/en active Pending
- 1995-04-19 ZA ZA953140A patent/ZA953140B/en unknown
- 1995-04-19 EP EP95918557A patent/EP0821681A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-04-20 IL IL11343195A patent/IL113431A0/en unknown
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DE2753054A1 (en) * | 1976-12-01 | 1978-06-08 | Ciba Geigy Ag | NEW IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
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US5843986A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1998-12-01 | Adir Et Compagnie | Tricyclic amide compounds |
US6071946A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 2000-06-06 | Adir Et Compagnie | Tricyclic urea compounds |
US5998461A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1999-12-07 | Adir Et Compagnie | Tricyclic amide compounds |
EP0737670A1 (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-10-16 | Adir Et Compagnie | Tricyclic amides, processes for their preparation, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
EP0748627A2 (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1996-12-18 | Eli Lilly And Company | Melatonin agonists for use in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia |
EP0748627A3 (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1997-05-21 | Lilly Co Eli | Melatonin agonists for use in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia |
WO1997032871A1 (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-12 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Tricyclic compounds, their production and use |
CN100443480C (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 2008-12-17 | 武田药品工业株式会社 | Tricyclic compound and its preparation and use |
CN100441574C (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 2008-12-10 | 武田药品工业株式会社 | Tricyclic compounds, their production and use |
US6034239A (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 2000-03-07 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Tricyclic compounds, their production and use |
EP1189613A4 (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 2004-02-11 | Clarencew Pty Ltd | Method for the treatment of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders |
EP1189613A1 (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 2002-03-27 | Clarencew Pty Ltd. | Method for the treatment of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders |
AU736005B2 (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 2001-07-26 | Clarencew Pty Ltd | Method for the treatment of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders |
WO1998015267A1 (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-16 | Clarencew Pty Ltd | Method for the treatment of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders |
US5856529A (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 1999-01-05 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Benzofuran and dihydrobenzofuran melatonergic agents |
US5981571A (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 1999-11-09 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Benzodioxa alkylene ethers as melatonergic agents |
US6060506A (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 2000-05-09 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Benzopyran derivatives as melatonergic agents |
US5948817A (en) * | 1997-03-05 | 1999-09-07 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Polycyclic ethyl alkylamide melatonergic agents |
WO1998052935A1 (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-11-26 | Adir Et Compagnie | Substituted heterocyclic compounds, method for preparing and compositions containing same |
US6310085B1 (en) | 1997-10-03 | 2001-10-30 | Clarencew Pty Ltd. | Method for the treatment of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders |
US6423870B1 (en) | 1998-01-16 | 2002-07-23 | Les Laboratoires Servier | Tricyclic compounds, preparation method and pharmaceutical compositions containing same |
FR2773798A1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-23 | Adir | Tricyclic compounds having affinity for melatonin receptors for treatment of melatoninergic system disorders - such as insomnia, fatigue, schizophrenia, senile dementia, etc. |
WO1999036392A1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-22 | Adir Et Compagnie | Novel tricyclic compounds, preparation method and pharmaceutical compositions containing same |
US6214869B1 (en) | 1998-06-05 | 2001-04-10 | Bristol-Myers Squibb | Heterocyclic cis cyclopropane derivatives as melatonergic agents |
EP1082115A4 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2002-10-24 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | Heterocyclic cis cyclopropane derivatives as melatonergic agents |
EP1082115A1 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2001-03-14 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Heterocyclic cis cyclopropane derivatives as melatonergic agents |
US6211225B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2001-04-03 | Bristol-Meyers Squibb | Heterocyclic aminopyrrolidine derivatives as melatonergic agents |
US7008940B1 (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2006-03-07 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Dihydrobenzofuran derivatives, process for the preparing thereof and agents |
WO2019011279A1 (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-17 | 北京广为医药科技有限公司 | N-(2-(substituted-naphth-1-yl)ethyl) substituted amide compound, preparation and uses thereof |
AU2018299551B2 (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2020-12-03 | Beijing Greatway Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. | N-(2-(substituted-naphth-1-yl)ethyl) substituted amide compound, preparation and uses thereof |
TWI779064B (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2022-10-01 | 中國商北京廣為醫藥科技有限公司 | N-(2-(substituted-naphthalen-1-yl)ethyl) substituted amide compounds, their preparation and use |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL113431A0 (en) | 1995-07-31 |
CO4370018A1 (en) | 1996-10-07 |
ZA953140B (en) | 1996-01-05 |
JPH10502336A (en) | 1998-03-03 |
GB9407919D0 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
AU2446495A (en) | 1995-11-16 |
EP0821681A1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
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