WO1995021391A1 - Intensified visual display - Google Patents
Intensified visual display Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995021391A1 WO1995021391A1 PCT/US1994/001391 US9401391W WO9521391A1 WO 1995021391 A1 WO1995021391 A1 WO 1995021391A1 US 9401391 W US9401391 W US 9401391W WO 9521391 A1 WO9521391 A1 WO 9521391A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- quarter
- image light
- wave plate
- light
- polarized image
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0138—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0143—Head-up displays characterised by optical features the two eyes not being equipped with identical nor symmetrical optical devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
- G02B2027/0187—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
- G02B2027/0198—System for aligning or maintaining alignment of an image in a predetermined direction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
- G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
Definitions
- TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to visual display which combine generated images with the view of the environment surrounding a user and transmit such combined visual information to the eye position of the user.
- Such a display requires, in a form known as a folded catadioptric display, an image generator; a beam splitter, which receives the image light from the image generator and sends a fraction, designated the reflected fraction, of such image light to a reflective combiner that both allows light from the real world to pass through such combiner and reflects the image light such that both the real-world light and the image light are transmitted to the eye of the user through the beam splitter.
- the beam splitter will transmit a fraction, designated the transmitted fraction, of the image light reflected from the collimator-combiner.
- the transmitted fraction a fraction of the image light reflected from the collimator-combiner.
- a correction lens is often placed in the optical path between the image generator and the beam splitter.
- the light emitted from liquid crystal displays is linearly polarized because liquid crystal displays utilize polarizers to modulate amplitude.
- the only cathode ray tubes which produce linearly polarized light are those which are colored with an active wave plate, such as the Tektronics Pi cell, all of the light from which is linearly polarized.
- a fold mirror When a fold mirror is selected as the beam splitter, it is plastic or glass having, preferably, a dielectric or holographic dichromated gelatin coating. Metal coatings are unacceptable because the fold mirror must first reflect light to the combiner and then transmit light from the combiner to the eye of the user.
- the loss of light associated with the fold mirror critically decreases the intensity of the image light transmitted to the eye position of the user.
- a fold mirror with a dielectric or holographic dichromated gelatin coating will reflect a maximum amount (and, consequently, transmit a minimum amount) of linearly polarized light when the E vector, representing the electric field associated with a light wave, is oscillating in a plane that is perpendicular to the plane of incidence of the light with the fold mirror (termed “S polarization”) .
- S polarization the plane of incidence of the light with the fold mirror
- Such a fold mirror will transmit a maximum amount (and, accordingly, reflect a minimum amount) of linearly polarized light when the E vector is oscillating in the plane of incidence of the light with the fold mirror (termed "P polarization”) .
- one or more wave plates can be inserted in the optical path of a folded catadioptric display to rotate the E vector such that the light reaching the fold mirror from the image generator is S polarized while the light arriving at the fold mirror from the combiner is P polarized.
- the amount of light from the image generator that reaches the eye position of the user is substantially increased.
- a fiber optic faceplate depolarizes light to the extent that if all the light entering the faceplate is linearly polarized, only two-thirds of the light exiting the faceplate is so polarized, it is preferable to utilize this technique with a folded catadioptric display that incorporates no faceplate.
- Figure 1 shows the intensified visual display that is utilized when the image generator produces S polarized image light.
- Figure 3 illustrates the intensified visual display that is used when the image generator produces P polarized image light.
- Figure 4 depicts an intensified visual display which differs from the display of Figure 3 only in that the second quarter-wave plate is laminated to the fold mirror.
- the user-mounted display comprises, as depicted in Figure 1, a fold mirror (1) located to receive the S polarized image light from an image generator (2) and to reflect such S polarized image light; a quarter-wave plate (3) positioned so that the S polarized image light reflected from the fold mirror (1) is transmitted through said quarter-wave plate (3) and retarded by one-quarter wave in order to exit the quarter-wave plate (3) as circularly polarized image light; and a reflective combiner (4) situated to receive the circularly polarized image light from the quarter-wave plate (3) , reflect such circularly polarized image light, combine such circularly polarized image light with light rays transmitted through said reflective combiner (4) from the surrounding environment, and transmit the combined environmental light rays and circularly polarized image light through the quarter-wave plate (3), which again retards the circularly polarized image light by one-quarter wave so that it exits the quarter-wave plate (3) as P
- the optical path (6) of the image light is displayed in Figure 1.
- the handedness of the circularly polarized light is inverted, i.e., changed from left to right or from right to left .
- the quarter-wave plate (3) is, as shown in Figure 2, attached to the reflective combiner (4) .
- quarter-wave plate (3) The precise nature of the quarter-wave plate (3) is not critical. It is, however, preferable to employ a single-order plate so that dependence on angle and wavelength is minimized.
- Quarter-wave plates are made from plastics and crystals or constructed holographically.
- a holographic wave plate is simply a high-frequency plane grating; the frequency is selected to be sufficiently high that the grating will not diffract light at any angle within the range of angles at which light may strike the grating in the intensified visual display.
- a plastic wave plate is, however, more dispersive, and has lower optical properties, than a crystalline or holographic wave plate.
- the user-mounted display comprises, as shown in Figure 3, a first quarter-wave plate (31) located so that the P polarized image light from an image generator (2) is transmitted through said first quarter-wave plate (31) and retarded by one-quarter wave in order to exit the first quarter-wave plate
- a fold mirror (1) situated to receive the S polarized image light from the second quarter-wave plate (32) and to reflect such S polarized image light through the second quarter- wave plate (32) where the S polarized image light will again be retarded by one-quarter wave and, consequently, exit said second quarter-wave plate (32) as circularly polarized image light; and a reflective combiner (4) placed to receive the circularly polarized image light from the second quarter-wave plate (32) , reflect such circularly polarized image light, combine such circularly polarized image light with light rays transmitted through the combiner (4) from the surrounding environment, and transmit the combined environmental light rays and circularly polarized image light through the second quarter-wave plate (32) , which again retards the circularly polarized image light by one-quarter wave so that it exits the second quarter-wave plate (32) as P polarized image light which then passes through the fold mirror (1) with the environmental light rays and subsequently reaches the eye position (5) of the user,
- the handedness of the circularly polarized light is inverted, i.e., changed from left to right or from right to left.
- the second quarter-wave plate (32) can optionally be laminated to the fold mirror (1) , as portrayed in Figure 4. This has the advantage of reducing the number of components which must be optically aligned. Additionally, it creates fewer surfaces on which an anti-reflective coating must be placed.
- intensified visual display is made.
- Industrial uses of the intensified visual display include, but are not necessarily limited to, providing a heads-up display or helmet-mounted display which enables a pilot or driver of a ground vehicle, such as military tank, to receive visual information about the pilot's plane or the driver's vehicle without looking away from the surrounding outside environment.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP94922412A EP0746782A1 (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-02-07 | Intensified visual display |
JP7520569A JPH09508477A (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-02-07 | Multiplication visual display |
PCT/US1994/001391 WO1995021391A1 (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-02-07 | Intensified visual display |
AU73529/94A AU7352994A (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-02-07 | Intensified visual display |
EP95914671A EP0763216A2 (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-08-31 | Personal visual display |
AU21562/95A AU2156295A (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-08-31 | Personal visual display |
PCT/US1994/009820 WO1995021396A2 (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-08-31 | Personal visual display |
AU13302/95A AU1330295A (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-08-31 | Personal visual display system |
JP7520578A JPH09508711A (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-08-31 | Personal visual display system |
JP7520579A JPH09508478A (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-08-31 | Personal visual display |
PCT/US1994/009819 WO1995021395A1 (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-08-31 | Personal visual display system |
US09/046,805 US6160666A (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1998-03-23 | Personal visual display system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1994/001391 WO1995021391A1 (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-02-07 | Intensified visual display |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995021391A1 true WO1995021391A1 (en) | 1995-08-10 |
Family
ID=22242255
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1994/001391 WO1995021391A1 (en) | 1994-02-07 | 1994-02-07 | Intensified visual display |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0746782A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH09508477A (en) |
AU (1) | AU7352994A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995021391A1 (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0763216A4 (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1996-11-29 | Virtual I O Inc | Personal visual display |
FR2759788A1 (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-21 | Sextant Avionique | REDUCTION OF INTERFERENCE IMAGES IN A HIGH HEAD VIEWFINDER |
FR2780519A1 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 1999-12-31 | Thomson Csf | Collimator with enhanced transmission coefficient |
EP1069451A2 (en) * | 1999-07-14 | 2001-01-17 | Sony Corporation | Virtual image optical system |
EP1267197A2 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Head-mounted optical apparatus for stereoscopic display |
GB2515520A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Bae Systems Plc | Improvements in and relating to displays |
CN107003526A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2017-08-01 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Head-up display |
US10126551B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2018-11-13 | Bae Systems Plc | Display comprising an optical waveguide for displaying an image |
CN111273449A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-12 | 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 | Augmented reality system and augmented reality device |
WO2021218080A1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-04 | 宁波鸿蚁光电科技有限公司 | Optical display system having folded optical path, and wearable device |
CN113885206A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-04 | 小派科技(上海)有限责任公司 | Optical module, optical module system, display device, head-mounted display equipment and system thereof |
DE112017004756B4 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2022-01-20 | Denso Corporation | HEAD-UP DISPLAY DEVICE |
CN114761843A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-07-15 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | Lens assembly with circular reflective polarizer |
US11433817B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2022-09-06 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus |
EP4123359A4 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2023-10-04 | Vivo Mobile Communication Co., Ltd. | Optical system and near-eye display device |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11237584A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-08-31 | Sharp Corp | Picture display device, head-mount type display using the picture display device, and video communication equipment |
WO2017179110A1 (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-10-19 | カラーリンク・ジャパン 株式会社 | Projection device, projection system, and spectacle type display device |
WO2018169018A1 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-20 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Image display system |
JP7069862B2 (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2022-05-18 | 株式会社Jvcケンウッド | Image display device |
JP7113239B2 (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-08-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | display system |
WO2024038589A1 (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-02-22 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Aerial image display device and display method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4961625A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-10-09 | Flight Dynamics, Inc. | Automobile head-up display system with reflective aspheric surface |
US5053755A (en) * | 1989-05-18 | 1991-10-01 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Automotive head-up display with high brightness in daytime and high contrast in nighttime |
US5198928A (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-03-30 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Light weight binocular helmet visor display |
US5231379A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1993-07-27 | Hughes Flight Dynamics, Inc. | Automobile head-up display system with apparatus for positioning source information |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4630040A (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1986-12-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Variable color electrooptic display |
US4653875A (en) * | 1984-11-02 | 1987-03-31 | Hines Stephen P | Infinity display apparatus using cylindrical beam-splitters |
US4973132A (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1990-11-27 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Polarized holographic heads up display |
US5383053A (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1995-01-17 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Virtual image display having a high efficiency grid beamsplitter |
FR2690534A1 (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-10-29 | Thomson Csf | Optical collimator, especially for helmet with visor - incorporates circular polarisation selector followed by semi-reflective spherical mirror and linear reflective polariser |
-
1994
- 1994-02-07 JP JP7520569A patent/JPH09508477A/en active Pending
- 1994-02-07 EP EP94922412A patent/EP0746782A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-02-07 AU AU73529/94A patent/AU7352994A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-02-07 WO PCT/US1994/001391 patent/WO1995021391A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4961625A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-10-09 | Flight Dynamics, Inc. | Automobile head-up display system with reflective aspheric surface |
US5231379A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1993-07-27 | Hughes Flight Dynamics, Inc. | Automobile head-up display system with apparatus for positioning source information |
US5053755A (en) * | 1989-05-18 | 1991-10-01 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Automotive head-up display with high brightness in daytime and high contrast in nighttime |
US5198928A (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-03-30 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Light weight binocular helmet visor display |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0746782A4 * |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0763216A4 (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1996-11-29 | Virtual I O Inc | Personal visual display |
EP0763216A2 (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1997-03-19 | Virtual I/O, Inc. | Personal visual display |
FR2759788A1 (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-21 | Sextant Avionique | REDUCTION OF INTERFERENCE IMAGES IN A HIGH HEAD VIEWFINDER |
FR2780519A1 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 1999-12-31 | Thomson Csf | Collimator with enhanced transmission coefficient |
EP1069451A2 (en) * | 1999-07-14 | 2001-01-17 | Sony Corporation | Virtual image optical system |
EP1069451A3 (en) * | 1999-07-14 | 2002-08-21 | Sony Corporation | Virtual image optical system |
EP1267197A2 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Head-mounted optical apparatus for stereoscopic display |
EP1267197A3 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2003-03-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Head-mounted optical apparatus for stereoscopic display |
GB2515520B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2017-10-04 | Bae Systems Plc | Improvements in and relating to displays |
GB2515520A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Bae Systems Plc | Improvements in and relating to displays |
US10126551B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2018-11-13 | Bae Systems Plc | Display comprising an optical waveguide for displaying an image |
CN107003526A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2017-08-01 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Head-up display |
US10031368B2 (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2018-07-24 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Head-up display |
DE112017004756B4 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2022-01-20 | Denso Corporation | HEAD-UP DISPLAY DEVICE |
US11474349B2 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2022-10-18 | Denso Corporation | Head-up display device |
CN114761843A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-07-15 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | Lens assembly with circular reflective polarizer |
EP4123359A4 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2023-10-04 | Vivo Mobile Communication Co., Ltd. | Optical system and near-eye display device |
CN111273449A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-12 | 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 | Augmented reality system and augmented reality device |
WO2021218080A1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-04 | 宁波鸿蚁光电科技有限公司 | Optical display system having folded optical path, and wearable device |
US11433817B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2022-09-06 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus |
CN113885206A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-04 | 小派科技(上海)有限责任公司 | Optical module, optical module system, display device, head-mounted display equipment and system thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0746782A4 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
AU7352994A (en) | 1995-08-21 |
EP0746782A1 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
JPH09508477A (en) | 1997-08-26 |
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