WO1994027044A2 - Systeme de conversion d'energie avec cheminee - Google Patents

Systeme de conversion d'energie avec cheminee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994027044A2
WO1994027044A2 PCT/IB1994/000100 IB9400100W WO9427044A2 WO 1994027044 A2 WO1994027044 A2 WO 1994027044A2 IB 9400100 W IB9400100 W IB 9400100W WO 9427044 A2 WO9427044 A2 WO 9427044A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chimney
conversion system
energy conversion
air
inlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1994/000100
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1994027044A3 (fr
Inventor
Daya Ranjit Senanayake
Original Assignee
Daya Ranjit Senanayake
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daya Ranjit Senanayake filed Critical Daya Ranjit Senanayake
Priority to AU65803/94A priority Critical patent/AU6580394A/en
Priority to PCT/IB1994/000100 priority patent/WO1994027044A2/fr
Publication of WO1994027044A2 publication Critical patent/WO1994027044A2/fr
Publication of WO1994027044A3 publication Critical patent/WO1994027044A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/34—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures
    • F03D9/35—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures within towers, e.g. using chimney effects
    • F03D9/37—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures within towers, e.g. using chimney effects with means for enhancing the air flow within the tower, e.g. by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/007—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with means for converting solar radiation into useful energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/131—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines by means of vertical structures, i.e. chimneys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an energy conversion system.
  • an atmospheric power dam utilised to provide an air current whereby to drive an engine such as an electricity generator and/or to remove air already used to drive an engine.
  • the energy conversion system of the invention includes a chimney having a lower inlet and an upper exit, means to induce air flow from the chimney inlet to the chimney outlet, and an engine associated with the chimney to be driven by said air flow.
  • the engine is an electricity generator, of an output suitable for supplying electrical power to a national grid.
  • the chimney can have more than one associated engine, respectively alongside or within the chimney; and there can be more than one chimney for driving one engine, as by one or more sets of rotatable blades, perhaps of different sizes and/or shapes, in the air flow path.
  • the rising air flow or air current can be produced or added to by a temperature difference between the lower and upper chimney mouths, and by a barometric pressure difference. Furthermore the rising air current can be provided by or added to using an external wind arranged in known fashion to pass across the upper exit and/or by the use of the herein disclosed atmospheric power dam.
  • the power dam can be used to remove air slowed after its passage past the engine drive.
  • natural features such as large height differentials between mountain tops and valleys, and topographical features such as canyons and cliffs are used.
  • Their location is preferably selected so that there is a height difference between the chimney exit and chimney mouth of approximately 2,000 metres (usefully available between the chimney exit at or adjacent the top of the mountain or cliff and a chimney inlet at or adjacent the base of the mountain, though the inlet or one of them can be part way up a mountain) .
  • the system of the invention can however be used with height differentials in the range 20 metres to 10,000 metres.
  • a system for utilising the energy of a moving air current is disclosed in GB 2,055,980A, showing a chimney through which an air current is induced by barometric or temperature differences, and/or by wind passing over the top of the chimney.
  • Several chimneys may be provided; one disclosed chimney is of height 24 metres, laid on a slope or against a brick-built structure.
  • the rotor of the engine may be installed in the chimney, in the air flow path.
  • USA Patent 3,945,218 discloses an upflow vapour conduit laid onto a mountain side, but for an environmental control system.
  • the conduit is insulated, to inhibit premature condensation.
  • the system is suggested as suitable for the geographical area of Pikes Peak, utilising the available differential height of about 3000m.
  • an energy conversion system which includes at least one chimney having an up-run following the contour of a hill side, the chimney having a lower air inlet and an upper air outlet, means for effecting a flow of air from said inlet to said outlet, an engine associated with the chimney, and drive means for the engine arranged for operation by the air flow so that energy of the air flow is used to drive the engine characterised in that part of the up-run is an excavated length of the hillside.
  • the up-run has an opening substantially flush with the hill side contour i.e. the ground surface, the outwardly directed opening being covered by fabricated closure members.
  • the up-run (other than the opening and closure members) is circular in cross-section, with the opening subtending a minor proportion of the circumference.
  • the chimney has a minimum diameter of 2m.
  • Fig.l is a side section of one embodiment of the invention
  • Fig.2 is a front view of the embodiment of Fig.l;
  • Fig.3 is a perspective view of a power dam unit
  • Fig.4 is a perspective view of the embodiment of Fig.l with power dam units fitted.
  • a construction starting point at or near the top of a mountain 10 is marked 1 in Fig.l.
  • a large diameter excavation 2 is commenced.
  • the excavation is in this embodiment 500 metres in diameter.
  • the excavation is preferably carried out from the top down, along the side or contour of the mountain to its base.
  • the excavation substantially follows the angle of the mountain side, selected so that the resulting hollowed chimney conduit will have no bends (or in an alternative embodiment bends only of large radius).
  • the excavation is generally circular in cross-section throughout its length, but has a sector which breaks through to the ground surface so that the resulting conduit has at least its major circumference of circular cross- section, but with one side 3 (in this embodiment of 30 metres width) being open outwardly along an upward run.
  • the open side 3 can be used for tipping over or dumping the smaller rubble, from final smoothing of the drilled or excavated rock.
  • the rubble need not be removed, or more usually need not be removed a great distance, which can be a considerable advantage.
  • the open side 3 is closed by a fabricated structure as described below, whereby to form an upwardly extending chimney, largely or wholly below ground level.
  • the fabricated structure is at least partly removable, for any inspection and maintenance required, though one advantage of the disclosed arrangement is its potential long uninterrupted life.
  • the rubble 4 from the excavation is spread at the bottom of the mountain 10, for use as a solar heat collecting layer adjacent the inlet to the chimney.
  • the rubble is spread over a surface area extending 2000m along the base of the mountain, to cooperate with a chimney inlet of the same length; in an alternative embodiment the chimney inlet is of lm width, with the inlet air already confined whereby to enter through the chimney inlet at a substantial flow rate.
  • the rubble is spread at a location unaffected by chance rubble movements e.g. by broken rocks which may fall from the hill side.
  • a glass collector roof 5 to overlie the spread rubble is constructed at the mountain base to connect with the excavated shaft 2.
  • This roof 5 is preferably multiple e.g. double-glazed, with a gentle curve to reduce air flow (friction) losses adjacent the bottom of the excavated shaft 2.
  • the rubble thus form a heat sink, solar heated, available to help maintain the upwards air flow in the chimney i.e. to maintain a temperature differential between the chimney inlet and outlet.
  • the underside of the roof 5 is connected to the chimney, whereby to direct heated air through a chimney inlet.
  • the rate of flow can be determined by a control unit, whereby to maintain substantially constant the engine rotational speed, if this be the required operational characteristic.
  • One or more wind turbines 6 are mounted at or near the base of the shaft excavation 2, to be driven by the air flow.
  • a flexible cover 7 is fixed across the open side 3, after completion of the excavation work.
  • Each such cover provides an ancillary input, part way up the chimney.
  • the flexible cover 7 comprises a frame with hinged panels to which are fixed counterweights (or similar) weighted to hold the panels normally in a closed condition, but so as to allow the panels to be blown inwards by a wind having a force above a predetermined threshhold level whereby to deflect the wind upwards and towards the upper (exit) end of the shaft 2.
  • the flexible cover 7 acts as a dam and converts the shaft excavation 2 into a wind tunnel 8 (or chimney).
  • the flexible cover includes flaps 11 hinged to pivot inwards of the chimney to permit impinging wind to enter the chimney; as shown the flaps both deflect the impinging wind upwardly an inhibit air loss through the cover.
  • the degree and speed of flap opening can be controlled by sensors, or manually, in accordance with the existing chimney updraught, whereby to control engine output.
  • the flexible cover and power dam will usually be downstream of the engine (higher in the tunnel) so as to help remove otherwise stagnant air which has already given up energy to the engine, in an alternative embodiment it can be upstream of the engine, whereby to supplement the air current or in consistently windy regions to be the prime source of the air current.
  • One arrangement operates as follows. Due to the large height differential, a natural temperature difference exists between ambient atmospheric air at the base and at the top of the mountain. The general worldwide standard atmospheric average temperature is a drop of 6°C for every 1,000 metres in height. Initially, an air flow is induced by artificially heating air at the top of the wind tunnel 8, and which can subsequently also be used if necessary to supplement the chimney air current resulting from the heat store provided by the ground rubble e.g. during non- sunlight hours).
  • This auxiliary heating creates an initial air flow through the wind tunnel 8, drawing hot air from the base level into the chimney inlet. As the hot air rises, a continuing atmospheric "cycle” is created, and this continuing air flow is used to drive the turbines 6.
  • the glass collector roof 5 effects warming of the air at the chimney base, before that air enters the wind tunnel 8 and so provides additional heat and power.
  • the main advantages of this invention are: 1. The use of natural atmospheric temperature diffentials which exist at various height differentials on the Earth to create an airflow through a wind tunnel up-run, whereby to produce electrical power using wind-driven turbines; the output can be enhanced by the extra rising air heated by solar heat, or heat from other sources e.g. geothermal.
  • the excavation may be oval, semicircular, or other suitable shape, with a corresponding chimney section.
  • Preferably the chimney sides are smooth, for non-turbulent air flow.
  • the wind turbines may be located adjacent the base of the wind tunnel, or at any location within the wind tunnel e.g. part way up or adjacent the top, depending upon their design.
  • the construction is preferably carried out from the top downwards, however, other methods such as boring from the bottom upwards, or a combination of these methods, may also be utilised.
  • the cover 7 can be of various materials, both flexible and non-flexible. Additionally, it may be inflated; it may be insulated. It may be of various shapes and designs. It could also be a solid construction, e.g. a concrete or steel wall.
  • the wind tunnel may be constructed from one or more shafts or tubes bored into the ground rock, or by borings into softer rock(s) which are then strengthened by a solid material such as steel or a solidifying material such as concrete.
  • the chimney once constructed can largely concealed from distant viewing, and so may be more acceptable in scenic locations i.e. since much of the chimney is within the hill side only the cover will be seen, and need access for maintenance (of the flaps and/or engine).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Système de conversion d'énergie comprenant au moins une cheminée dont la montée suit le profil du versant d'une colline. La cheminée possède une entrée d'air inférieure et une évacuation supérieure. Le système comprend également un moyen permettant d'assurer un écoulement d'air de ladite entrée vers ladite évacuation, une machine associée avec la cheminée, et un dispositif d'entraînement de la machine conçu de façon à être mu par l'écoulement d'air. L'énergie de l'écoulement d'air est ainsi utilisée pour entraîner la machine. L'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'une partie de la montée de cheminée est creusée dans le flanc de la colline.
PCT/IB1994/000100 1993-05-11 1994-05-09 Systeme de conversion d'energie avec cheminee WO1994027044A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU65803/94A AU6580394A (en) 1993-05-11 1994-05-09 Chimney energy conversion system
PCT/IB1994/000100 WO1994027044A2 (fr) 1993-05-11 1994-05-09 Systeme de conversion d'energie avec cheminee

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LK10516 1993-05-11
PCT/IB1994/000100 WO1994027044A2 (fr) 1993-05-11 1994-05-09 Systeme de conversion d'energie avec cheminee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994027044A2 true WO1994027044A2 (fr) 1994-11-24
WO1994027044A3 WO1994027044A3 (fr) 1995-01-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB1994/000100 WO1994027044A2 (fr) 1993-05-11 1994-05-09 Systeme de conversion d'energie avec cheminee

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19543514A1 (de) * 1995-11-22 1997-05-28 Hubert Fenzl Aufwindkraftwerk
FR2785336A1 (fr) * 1998-10-29 2000-05-05 Edwige Bourderionnet Production d'energie par courant de convection de l'air dans une conduite forcee
DE10029274A1 (de) * 2000-06-14 2002-01-03 Kern Johann Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Luftzugs, z.B. zwecks Gewinnung von Elektrostrom
EP1726825A1 (fr) * 2005-05-23 2006-11-29 Mehmet Uslu Dispositif pour la production d'énergie à partir d'un courant d'air
CN102213187A (zh) * 2011-05-25 2011-10-12 中海阳新能源电力股份有限公司 无耗水风及太阳光热能综合一体集成发电装置
WO2014114335A1 (fr) * 2013-01-24 2014-07-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil de production d'énergie
DE102013102788A1 (de) * 2013-03-19 2014-09-25 Itea Ecotech Gmbh Kraftwerksanlage

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR675981A (fr) * 1929-05-31 1930-02-17 Mode d'utilisation de la chaleur solaire
US3436908A (en) * 1967-03-27 1969-04-08 Vukasin Van Delic Solar air moving system
GB1519774A (en) * 1975-10-28 1978-08-02 Patten R Apparatus for the generation of power from naturally available energy
EP0003185A2 (fr) * 1978-01-18 1979-07-25 Stephen Robert Snook Utilisation de l'énergie naturelle
GB2055980A (en) * 1979-07-06 1981-03-11 Pretini Gisberto System for utilizing the energy of a moving air current
US4319141A (en) * 1980-06-30 1982-03-09 Schmugge Frederick K Turbine configurations using wind and solar power
US4359870A (en) * 1982-02-24 1982-11-23 Holton Sr Aldon E Apparatus for producing electricity from solar energy
US4453383A (en) * 1981-07-27 1984-06-12 Collins Wayne H Apparatus for and method of utilizing solar energy
US4801811A (en) * 1980-05-14 1989-01-31 Geophysical Engineering Co. Method of and means for generating electricity in an arid environment using elongated open or enclosed ducts

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR675981A (fr) * 1929-05-31 1930-02-17 Mode d'utilisation de la chaleur solaire
US3436908A (en) * 1967-03-27 1969-04-08 Vukasin Van Delic Solar air moving system
GB1519774A (en) * 1975-10-28 1978-08-02 Patten R Apparatus for the generation of power from naturally available energy
EP0003185A2 (fr) * 1978-01-18 1979-07-25 Stephen Robert Snook Utilisation de l'énergie naturelle
GB2055980A (en) * 1979-07-06 1981-03-11 Pretini Gisberto System for utilizing the energy of a moving air current
US4801811A (en) * 1980-05-14 1989-01-31 Geophysical Engineering Co. Method of and means for generating electricity in an arid environment using elongated open or enclosed ducts
US4319141A (en) * 1980-06-30 1982-03-09 Schmugge Frederick K Turbine configurations using wind and solar power
US4453383A (en) * 1981-07-27 1984-06-12 Collins Wayne H Apparatus for and method of utilizing solar energy
US4359870A (en) * 1982-02-24 1982-11-23 Holton Sr Aldon E Apparatus for producing electricity from solar energy

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BRENNSTOFF-W{RME-KRAFT, vol.35, no.12, December 1983 pages 522 - 525 TH.MAHLBACHER 'Technikgeschichtlicher r}ckblick zu "alternativen energiequellen".' *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19543514A1 (de) * 1995-11-22 1997-05-28 Hubert Fenzl Aufwindkraftwerk
FR2785336A1 (fr) * 1998-10-29 2000-05-05 Edwige Bourderionnet Production d'energie par courant de convection de l'air dans une conduite forcee
DE10029274A1 (de) * 2000-06-14 2002-01-03 Kern Johann Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Luftzugs, z.B. zwecks Gewinnung von Elektrostrom
EP1726825A1 (fr) * 2005-05-23 2006-11-29 Mehmet Uslu Dispositif pour la production d'énergie à partir d'un courant d'air
CN102213187A (zh) * 2011-05-25 2011-10-12 中海阳新能源电力股份有限公司 无耗水风及太阳光热能综合一体集成发电装置
WO2014114335A1 (fr) * 2013-01-24 2014-07-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil de production d'énergie
DE102013102788A1 (de) * 2013-03-19 2014-09-25 Itea Ecotech Gmbh Kraftwerksanlage

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