WO1994026886B1 - Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents, and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainable - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents, and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainableInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994026886B1 WO1994026886B1 PCT/IT1994/000054 IT9400054W WO9426886B1 WO 1994026886 B1 WO1994026886 B1 WO 1994026886B1 IT 9400054 W IT9400054 W IT 9400054W WO 9426886 B1 WO9426886 B1 WO 9426886B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antigen
- specific
- immunogens
- pathogenic
- disease
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 18
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 14
- 230000002163 immunogen Effects 0.000 title claims abstract 13
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 claims abstract 24
- 102000038129 antigens Human genes 0.000 claims abstract 24
- 108091007172 antigens Proteins 0.000 claims abstract 24
- 230000001717 pathogenic Effects 0.000 claims abstract 22
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract 20
- 210000000234 Capsid Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 102000004965 antibodies Human genes 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 108090001123 antibodies Proteins 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 210000002966 Serum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 108010038807 Oligopeptides Proteins 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 102000015636 Oligopeptides Human genes 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 230000000890 antigenic Effects 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 201000005794 allergic hypersensitivity disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 206010003816 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000002649 immunization Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 102000004040 Capsid Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 108090000565 Capsid Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000009007 Diagnostic Kit Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 206010021425 Immune system disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000003042 antagnostic Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000009610 hypersensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000003278 mimic Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims 4
- 230000001575 pathological Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 101710017909 24 Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 102100017356 ANXA6 Human genes 0.000 claims 2
- 101700049214 ANXA6 Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 241000724791 Filamentous phage Species 0.000 claims 2
- 208000005176 Hepatitis C Diseases 0.000 claims 2
- 101710008443 PVIII Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 101700023600 S8 Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 101710017897 SLC10A3 Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 108091007521 restriction endonucleases Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 229960005486 vaccines Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 206010012601 Diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 208000006454 Hepatitis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 208000002672 Hepatitis B Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 108010067902 Peptide Library Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003275 alpha amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000283 hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002068 genetic Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Abstract
A process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents that mimic an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease, essentially characterized by the following operations: identification of at least one antibody that reacts with the antigen or pathogenic organism specific to the disease; construction of phage libraries which display on the surface of the capsid oligopeptides, expressed from random sequence oligonucleotidic inserts introduced into a gene coding for a phage capsid protein using genetic manipulation techniques (for example using a plasmid engineered for the purposes of the invention, the genetic map of which is shown in the figure); selection of the phages that display on the surfaces of the capsid antigenic oligopeptides recognized by said antibody; optional use of the selected phages and/or fragments thereof and/or their derivatives for the formulation of diagnostic kits for the specific pathogenic agent, or in general for the diseases, including immunological disorders typical of so-called autoimmune diseases, with known or unknown etiology and/or pathogenesis; optional use of the selected phages and/or fragments thereof and/or their derivatives for the formulation of an antagonist of the antigen-antibody reactions for treatment of the disease induced by said antigen; optional use of the selected phages and/or fragments thereof and/or their derivatives to induce a tolerance of the phenomena of hypersensitivity and/or allergy to compounds and/or natural or synthetic preparations; optional immunization of an organism by means of the selected phages and/or fragments thereof and/or their derivatives; and optional verification of the presence, in the serum of the immunized organism, of antibodies that recognize the above antigen or organism specific to the disease.
Claims
[received by the International Bureau on 23 March 1995 (23.03.95); original claims 1 and 11 amended; original claims 3 and 4 cancelled; remaining claims unchanged; claims renumbered 1-12 (4 pages)] 1. Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents that mimic an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease, using a procedure which can be implemented without any information on the nature and/or identity of the antigen(s) of the pathogenic organism specific for the disease, and without any information on the nature and/or structure and/or properties of the specific antibodies, comprising the following operations:
- identification of at least two sera that contain uncharacterized antibodies reacting with an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific for a disease, even if such antigen and/or pathogenic organism is uncharacterized or unknown;
- construction of phage libraries which display on the surface of the capsid oligopeptides, expressed from random sequence oligonucleotidic inserts introduced into a gene coding for a phage capsid protein using genetic manipulation techniques; selection of the phages that display on the surfaces of the capsid antigenic oligopeptides with a first pathologic serum, subsequent screening with a second different pathologic serum and counterscreening with a panel of sera from healthy individuals; optional use of the selected phages and/or fragments thereof and/or their derivatives for the formulation of diagnostic kits for the specific pathogenic agent, or in general for the diseases, including immunological disorders typical of so-called autoimmune diseases, with known or unknown etiology and/or pathogenesis; optional use of the selected phages and/or fragments thereof and/or their derivatives for the formulation of an antagonist of the antigen-antibody reactions for treatment of the disease induced by said antigen; optional use of the selected phages and/or fragments thereof and/or their derivatives to induce a tolerance of the phenomena of hypersensitivity and/or allergy to compounds and/or natural or synthetic preparations;
- optional immunization of an organism by means of the selected phages and/or fragments thereof and/or their derivatives; and
- optional verification of the presence, in the serum of the immunized organism, of antibodies that recognize the above antigen or organism specific to the disease.
2. A process for the preparation of immunogens and diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease according to claim 1, in which - in the case of said antibodies specific to said pathogenic agent also being protective or neutralizing - the material employed for said immunization is used to formulate a vaccine against said specific pathogenic agent.
3. A process for the preparation of immunogens and diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease according to claims 1 to
2, in which the construction of phage libraries is performed using filamentous phages chosen from the group comprising M13, FI, Fd, and derivatives thereof.
4. A process for the preparation of immunogens and diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the gene coding for the phage capsid, with random sequence oligonucleotidic inserts, is the gene coding for the protein VIII of the phage capsid.
5. A process for the preparation of immunogens and diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease according to claims 1 to
3, in which the gene coding for the phage capsid, with random sequence oligonucleotidic inserts, is the gene coding for the protein III in the phage capsid.
6. A process for the preparation of immunogens and diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the pathogenic agent is selected from the group comprising the surface antigen of the virus of human hepatitis B (HBsAg) , the virus of human hepatitis C, and antigens pathogenically linked to autoimmune diseases such as diabetes.
7. A process for the preparation of immunogens and diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease according to claim 6, in which the antibody with neutralizing or protective •activity in the face of the pathogenic reagent is contained in the serum of individuals immunized using the surface antigen of the virus of human hepatitis b (HBsAg) , or in the serum of individuals infected with the virus of human hepatitis C.
8. A process for the preparation of immunogens and diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the antigenic oligopeptides recognized by the antibody used are obtained from the expression of random sequence oligonucleotidic inserts using the plasmid pC89 as a vector.
9. A process for the preparation of immunogens and diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic •organism specific to a disease according to any one of the preceding claims, in which for the construction of the phage libraries filamentous phages containing in their capsid, in the protein VIII or in the protein III, from the site identifying the restriction enzyme EcoRI (GAATTC) to that identifying the BamHI restriction enzyme (GGATCC) , an amino acid sequence chosen from the group comprising the sequences SEQ ID NO:l, SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, and SEQ ID NO:9 to 47.
10. Phages, characterised by the fact that they show antigenic oligopeptides on the surface of the capsid, and by the fact that they are obtainable during the process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents mimicking an antigen or a pathogenic organism specific to a disease according to claims 1 to 9.
11. Vaccines against a specific pathogenic agent, characterized by the fact that they are obtainable using the process according to claims 1 to 9.
12. Modified pC89 plasmids, characterized by the fact that they are usable in the process according to claims 1 to 9 and that they contain, either wholely or in part, a nucleotidic sequence chosen from the group comprising the sequences SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:6 and SEQ ID NO:8.
STATEMENT UNDER ARTICLE 19
Claim 1 has been amended to clearly distinguish the present invention from those disclosed in the prior art, in particular WO 9119818 (hereinafter referred to as (1)) and Trends in Biochemical Science, Vol. 17, No. 7, July 1992, pages 241-245 (hereinafter referred to as (2)). The amendments of claim 1 consist in clarifying the introductory portion, in incorporating the subject matter of claim 4 and in cancelling lines 4 and 15 thereof.
Thus it is clear that the invention of the original claim 1 has been limited to the original embodiment where antibodies are present in sera, . are uncharacterized and react with uncharacterized or unknown antigens.
(1) (see page 7, paragraph 2, lines 4-19) discloses the possibility of identifying peptide ligands mimicking unknown antigens (2) (see in particular page 243, right column, last paragraph to page 244, left column, paragraph 2) describes in general the way for preparing phage-displayed peptide libraries and the method of selection. However, none of the above documents - no matter as combined - teaches or suggests the main feature of the present invention, i.e. the "selection of the phages that display on the surfaces of the capsid antigenic oligopeptides with a first pathologic serum, subsequent screening with a second different pathologic serum and counterscreening with a panel of sera from healthy individuals".
The same amendments as made in claim 1 should be made in the description at page 3.
Claim 3 has been cancelled since the process of the amended claim 1 refers only to antibodies contained in serum. Claim 4 has been cancelled since its content has been incorporated in claim 1.
Claim 11 has been amended for excluding SEQ ID NO-48-68 which refer to the human tumural protein NEU. Therefore, also example 9 should be cancelled.
Support for the amendments can be found, in the international application as originally filed, in particular at page 1, paragraph 1; at page 2, last lines 11-36; at page 3 lines 17-23; at page 11 lines 2-10 from the bottom as well as, for instance, in examples 4, 5 and 8.
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002160486A CA2160486C (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents, and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainable |
| AU68069/94A AU685121B2 (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents, and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainable |
| DK94916385T DK0698091T3 (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | Process for preparing immunogens or diagnostic reagents as well as immunogens or diagnostic reagents |
| EP94916385A EP0698091B1 (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents, and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainable |
| BR9406595A BR9406595A (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | Process for preparing immunogens or reagents for diagnosis that mimic an antigen or pathogen specific to a disease phage vaccines against a specific pathogen and modified pc89 plasmids |
| RU95122726A RU2136697C1 (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | Method of oligopeptide producing |
| DE69413024T DE69413024T2 (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING IMMUNOGENIC OR DIAGNOSTIC REAGENTS AND THE LIKE |
| US08/553,257 US5994083A (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents, and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainable |
| HK98112929A HK1011710A1 (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1998-12-08 | Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainable |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITRM93A000301 | 1993-05-11 | ||
| ITRM930301A IT1270939B (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1993-05-11 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF IMMUNOGEN AND DIAGNOSTIC REAGENTS, AND IMMUNOGEN AND DIAGNOSTIC REAGENTS SO OBTAINABLE. |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/441,992 Continuation US6541210B1 (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1999-11-18 | Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents, and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainable |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994026886A2 WO1994026886A2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
| WO1994026886A3 WO1994026886A3 (en) | 1995-03-16 |
| WO1994026886B1 true WO1994026886B1 (en) | 1995-04-20 |
Family
ID=11401749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT1994/000054 WO1994026886A2 (en) | 1993-05-11 | 1994-05-05 | Process for the preparation of immunogens or diagnostic reagents, and immunogens or diagnostic reagents thereby obtainable |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5994083A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0698091B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2813468B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1093881C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE170558T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU685121B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9406595A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2160486C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69413024T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0698091T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2120046T3 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1011710A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1270939B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2136697C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994026886A2 (en) |
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| US6361938B1 (en) | 1996-11-08 | 2002-03-26 | Elan Corporation, Plc | Peptides which enhance transport across tissues and methods of identifying and using the same |
| FR2762601B3 (en) * | 1997-04-29 | 1999-06-04 | Bio Merieux | POLYPEPTIDE CAPABLE OF RESPONDING TO ANTIBODIES OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND USES |
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| US7588766B1 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2009-09-15 | Elan Pharma International Limited | Treatment of amyloidogenic disease |
| US7964192B1 (en) | 1997-12-02 | 2011-06-21 | Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy | Prevention and treatment of amyloidgenic disease |
| US6761888B1 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2004-07-13 | Neuralab Limited | Passive immunization treatment of Alzheimer's disease |
| US6787523B1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2004-09-07 | Neuralab Limited | Prevention and treatment of amyloidogenic disease |
| US7790856B2 (en) | 1998-04-07 | 2010-09-07 | Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy | Humanized antibodies that recognize beta amyloid peptide |
| TWI239847B (en) | 1997-12-02 | 2005-09-21 | Elan Pharm Inc | N-terminal fragment of Abeta peptide and an adjuvant for preventing and treating amyloidogenic disease |
| US20080050367A1 (en) | 1998-04-07 | 2008-02-28 | Guriq Basi | Humanized antibodies that recognize beta amyloid peptide |
| EP1051483A1 (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2000-11-15 | Pincus, Seth H. | A method of isolating a peptide which immunologically mimics microbial carbohydrates including group b streptococcal carbohydrates and the use thereof |
| GB9810756D0 (en) | 1998-05-19 | 1998-07-15 | Angeletti P Ist Richerche Bio | Mimotopes of hypervariable region 1 of the e2 glycoprotein of hcv and uses thereof |
| US6413721B1 (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2002-07-02 | Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the “Canadian Food Inspection Agency” | Methods of isolating common and specific antigens from excretory-secretory products of protostrongylidae |
| SE9803993D0 (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 1998-11-23 | Bjoern Carlsson | New reagent and use thereof |
| GB9827228D0 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 1999-02-03 | Univ Nottingham | Cancer detection method and reagents |
| US20030092145A1 (en) * | 2000-08-24 | 2003-05-15 | Vic Jira | Viral vaccine composition, process, and methods of use |
| US9974847B2 (en) * | 2000-08-24 | 2018-05-22 | Immunitor USA, Inc. | Treatment and prevention of tuberculosis |
| GB0024200D0 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2000-11-15 | Smithkline Beecham Sa | Component vaccine |
| US7700751B2 (en) | 2000-12-06 | 2010-04-20 | Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy | Humanized antibodies that recognize β-amyloid peptide |
| PE20020574A1 (en) | 2000-12-06 | 2002-07-02 | Wyeth Corp | HUMANIZED ANTIBODIES THAT RECOGNIZE THE AMYLOID PEPTIDE BETA |
| CN1582337B (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2011-12-14 | 默沙东公司 | Hepatitis c virus vaccine |
| DE60236364D1 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2010-06-24 | Angeletti P Ist Richerche Bio | Hepatitis-c-virus-impfstoff |
| JP2005509160A (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2005-04-07 | イステイチユート・デイ・リチエルケ・デイ・ビオロジア・モレコラーレ・ピ・アンジエレツテイ・エツセ・ピー・アー | Screening for hepatitis C virus entry inhibitors |
| US8088569B2 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2012-01-03 | Applied Immune Technologies | Immunogens for treatment of neoplastic and infectious disease |
| MY139983A (en) | 2002-03-12 | 2009-11-30 | Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherap | Humanized antibodies that recognize beta amyloid peptide |
| US20070243159A1 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2007-10-18 | Periasamy Selvaraj | Therapeutic Compositions and Vaccines By Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositol (Gpi)-Anchored Cytokines and Immunostimulatory Molecules |
| PE20050627A1 (en) | 2003-05-30 | 2005-08-10 | Wyeth Corp | HUMANIZED ANTIBODIES THAT RECOGNIZE THE BETA AMYLOID PEPTIDE |
| JP2008523815A (en) | 2004-12-15 | 2008-07-10 | エラン ファーマ インターナショナル リミテッド | Humanized amyloid beta antibody for use in improving cognition |
| WO2006066049A2 (en) | 2004-12-15 | 2006-06-22 | Neuralab Limited | Humanized antibodies that recognize beta amyloid peptide |
| EP1893636A2 (en) | 2005-06-17 | 2008-03-05 | Istituto Di Ricerche Di Biologia Molecolare P. Angeletti S.P.A. | Hepatitis c virus nucleic acid vaccine |
| WO2007087758A2 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-09 | Centro De Ingenieria Genetica Y Biotecnologia | Mimotopes of capsular polysaccharides of neisseria meningitidis and pharmaceutical formulations |
| US8784810B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2014-07-22 | Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy | Treatment of amyloidogenic diseases |
| FR2910492B1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2013-02-15 | Bio Modeling Systems Ou Bmsystems | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF MODIFIED BACTERIOPHAGES BY INSERTION OF RANDOM SEQUENCES IN THE TARGETING PROTEINS OF SAID BACTERIOPHAGES |
| US8003097B2 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2011-08-23 | Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy | Treatment of cerebral amyloid angiopathy |
| ES2627223T3 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2017-07-27 | F-Star Biotechnologische Forschungs- Und Entwicklungsges.M.B.H | Presentation of binding agents |
| DK2182983T3 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2014-07-14 | Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherap | TREATMENT OF AMYLOIDOGENIC DISEASES WITH HUMANIZED ANTI-ABETA ANTIBODIES |
| JO3076B1 (en) | 2007-10-17 | 2017-03-15 | Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherap | Immunotherapy regimes dependent on apoe status |
| US9067981B1 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2015-06-30 | Janssen Sciences Ireland Uc | Hybrid amyloid-beta antibodies |
| CN114230632B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2023-01-24 | 华南农业大学 | Acrylamide derivative mimic epitope peptide and application thereof |
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-
1993
- 1993-05-11 IT ITRM930301A patent/IT1270939B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1994
- 1994-05-05 DE DE69413024T patent/DE69413024T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-05 US US08/553,257 patent/US5994083A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-05 AT AT94916385T patent/ATE170558T1/en active
- 1994-05-05 WO PCT/IT1994/000054 patent/WO1994026886A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-05-05 CA CA002160486A patent/CA2160486C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-05 CN CN94192060A patent/CN1093881C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-05 RU RU95122726A patent/RU2136697C1/en active
- 1994-05-05 JP JP6525217A patent/JP2813468B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-05 AU AU68069/94A patent/AU685121B2/en not_active Expired
- 1994-05-05 ES ES94916385T patent/ES2120046T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-05 EP EP94916385A patent/EP0698091B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-05 BR BR9406595A patent/BR9406595A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-05-05 DK DK94916385T patent/DK0698091T3/en active
-
1998
- 1998-12-08 HK HK98112929A patent/HK1011710A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-11-18 US US09/441,992 patent/US6541210B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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