WO1994013033A1 - Device for the shielding of electrical cables abutting on cabinets containing telecommunication equipment - Google Patents

Device for the shielding of electrical cables abutting on cabinets containing telecommunication equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994013033A1
WO1994013033A1 PCT/EP1993/003209 EP9303209W WO9413033A1 WO 1994013033 A1 WO1994013033 A1 WO 1994013033A1 EP 9303209 W EP9303209 W EP 9303209W WO 9413033 A1 WO9413033 A1 WO 9413033A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
box
contact means
shielding
metallic
side walls
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1993/003209
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Tiziano Vincenzi
Adrian Puiu
Original Assignee
Italtel Società Italiana Telecomunicazioni S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Italtel Società Italiana Telecomunicazioni S.P.A. filed Critical Italtel Società Italiana Telecomunicazioni S.P.A.
Publication of WO1994013033A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994013033A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
    • H05K9/0007—Casings
    • H05K9/0041—Ventilation panels having provisions for screening
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/64—Connections between or with conductive parts having primarily a non-electric function, e.g. frame, casing, rail
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H01R9/03—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections
    • H01R9/05—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections for coaxial cables
    • H01R9/0524—Connection to outer conductor by action of a clamping member, e.g. screw fastening means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a device for the electromagnetic shielding of electric cables abutting on metallic cabinets containing telecommunication equipment.
  • the metallic shielding braid wrapping the leads is electrically connected to the earth of the equipment.
  • the object of this invention is to overcome or at least to reduce the inconveniences and the limitations of the old technics illustrated before
  • a device for the shielding of electric cables abutting on metallic cabinets containing telecommunication equipment characterized in that it includes a metallic box generally shaped in a parallelepiped way deprived of at least one panel; at least one pair -of opposite and cooperating contact means between which at least one clamping space is defined for the shielded electric cable, said contact means being mobile in a sliding way within said box; means to carry out a compression in the longitudinal direction on said plates.
  • Figures 1 - 3 illustrate in perspective a shielding box realized according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the above mentioned contact means;
  • Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of said first embodiment of the contact means;
  • Figures 6, 7 and 8 are a perspective, a plan and a sectional view, respectively, of one of the clamping blocks as parts of said first embodiment of the contact means;
  • Figure 9 is a sectional view of the shielding box flange;
  • Figures 10 and 11 are plan views illustrating a second embodiment of the contact means
  • Figure 12 illustrates a further embodiment of the contact means.
  • the illustrated structure includes a box for the abutting of electric cables at a cabinet, with two open sides and in general indicated by the reference 1.
  • Box 1 is substantially shaped in a parallelepiped way and composed of the metallic laminate elements 2 and 3 setting up the side walls and by the metallic laminate elements 4 and 5 setting up the front and back walls where these terms have to be interpreted in a pure indicative way in order to make the description easier.
  • the junction of the parts 2 - 5 is realized in correspondence of the lapped edges by welding or as shown in the figures by means of screws, this last solution is preferred as it allows the quick assembling of boxes with different lengths.
  • At least two of the metallic laminate elements are fitted out with lapped edges 6, 7 and 8 with open holes for the assemblage on the frame or the panel of a cabinet or other telecommunication equipment.
  • the front wall 4 provides for a central hole 9 (see Fig. 1) where an internally threaded flange 10 illustrated in details in Fig. 9 is inserted and fixed for example by welding.
  • the Fig. 2 and 3 show box 1 and illustrate the abutting of the cable end 20 including isolated leads 22, a metallic shielding braiding 21 and an external isolation sheath.
  • the means provided for according to the invention to clamp said cable including generally at least one pair of metallic contact means (better defined hereafter) - each of which is placed at one end of box 1 - which turn out to be mobile along the side walls and provided with means suitable to lodge and clamp the cable 20.
  • the above mentioned contact means between which the cable is put are pushed one towards the other by a screw 11 (see Fig. 3) which fits in the flange 10 put in the centre of the front wall.
  • the screw 11 may be replaced by two or more screws side by side or by other functionally equivalent arrangements.
  • said contact means consist - according to the preferred embodiment of the invention- in a ground panel 30 coupled with a support 31 with a substantially parallelepiped configuration, and it is on one side supplied with three surface-mounted blocks 32, 33 and 34 with an arched surface, respectively, suitable to lodge a portion of the cable 20 corresponding to the metallic braiding 21.
  • the notches are symmetric and they extend in a semicircle, however their number and dimension depend on the number and on the type of cables to abut.
  • the support 31 is shaped as a monobloc providing two projections 38 suitable to push against side guides (40) (of complementary section) provided on the internal sides of the box (see Fig. 2 and 3) set up according to a preferential embodiment by support elements of elastic contact elements 12.
  • the above mentioned elastic contact elements or contact springs 12 are set up on the side walls 2 and 3 inside the box.
  • the springs 12 may be of an already known type made of a berillium- copper alloy provided with an adhesive surface for the application. Preferably as shown in Fig. 2 the springs 12 are omitted at the end portion of the box in order to allow an easy introduction into the box of the contact means making them then slide up to the operational position.
  • One or more filling elements may be used to reach the necessary occupation of the box. These elements (not illustrated) are substantially similar to the ground plate complex 30 and the support 31, and they are deprived of the projecting blocks 32-34.
  • the supports 31 are set up by a said body provided with openings or slots 51, 52 and 53 between which the blocks are set up (singularly constructed as shown in the Fig. from 6 - 8) and the ground panel 30 is provided with projecting bodies 54, 55 and 56 with the functioning as a spring guide for helical springs 57 (only one is shown in Fig. 5) pushing with a constant force on the blocks (see also Fig. 8).
  • These springs maintain a substantially constant pressure on the clamped cable and therefore they compensate the permanent deformation revealed by the time.
  • the ground plate 30 has a C configuration and is fixed to the support 31 thanks to two graduations 58 and screws
  • a pair of teeth locks the complex transversally up during the assembling and serves as a reference.
  • the construction of one of the blocks is illustrated in the Fig. 6, 7 and 8 and includes two wings 61 and 62, an arched part 63 with countersinks 64 and a guide body 65 with an upper blockage tooth preventing the block from getting out.
  • Fig. 9 shows a sectional view of the flange 10 provided with an internal threading 13 to be fixed on the short side 4 for example by welding and in which the auger 11 is screwed realizing the compression of the plates.
  • the blocks of the embodiment illustrated before are symmetric with a substantially semicircular accepting surface.
  • Fig. 10 and 11 on the other side show the basic structure of the embodiment wherein the above mentioned contact means have the asymmetric configuration 90 and 91.
  • each element is set up in a single piece and presents notches with parallel flanks 93 with a semicircular bottom 92, -or projections with parallel flanks 94 with slightly arched ends 95, respectively, cooperating with the notches to clamp the cables.
  • This embodiment of the invention may obviously be realized in several parts (such as the structure of the support, the blocks and the helical springs) and turns out to be advantageous in the case the diameters of the cables are different and/ or variable.
  • FIG. 12 A further embodiment of a basic structure for the contact means is illustrated in Fig. 12 and consists of two complementary bodies 70 and 71 presenting two substantially plane cooperating surfaces between which the cables are clamped.
  • This embodiment - also this one realized in several parts - is especially used in case of a plurality of small cables 72 - 74, or for flat or at least non circular symmetric cables.
  • the parts constituting the contact elements in all the described embodiments are preferably manufactured in leading metallic material such as aluminium.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Insertion, Bundling And Securing Of Wires For Electric Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)

Abstract

The object of this invention is to realize a device for the shielding of electric cables abutting on cabinets containing telecommunication equipment. Said shielding device includes: a metallic box (1) generally of parallelepiped shape lacking in at least one pane; at least a pair of opposite and cooperating contact means between which at least one clamping space is defined for a shielding electric cable (20), said contact means being in a sliding way mobile within said box (1); means (10, 11) to carry out a compression in the longitudinal direction on said contact means.

Description

DEVICE FOR THE SHIELDING OF ELECTRICAL CABLES ABUTTING ON CABINETS CONTAINING TELECOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a device for the electromagnetic shielding of electric cables abutting on metallic cabinets containing telecommunication equipment. When one or more electric cables either for signals transfer or for energy transfer are connected to a telecommunication equipment the metallic shielding braid wrapping the leads is electrically connected to the earth of the equipment. Even if the connection is carefully realized quite often the portion of the cable turns out to be able to radiate electromagnetic disturbances able to interfere negatively with the surrounding equipment, in particular with that the cable abuts on. Moreover the cable portion no more protected in an appropriate way may be at its turn "victim" of electromagnetic disturbances coming from the surrounding environment.
Background of the Invention
Actually different technical solutions are used to obviate this inconvenience even by the use of on purpose dedicated devices or components such as clamps and similar ones, however these known solutions quite often prove to be insufficient or even only little reliable to guaranty the shielding. An often noticed inconvenience in the known devices derives from an insufficient electric connection between the devices contacting the cable braiding and the frame of the equipment due to different reasons among them the typical superficial alteration of the surfaces (oxidation) or real and proper "cavities" created between the parts either by manufacturing tolerances or by eventual bad dispositions.
Further inconveniences are noticed with the clamps deriving from the "yielding" the cable undergoes after a certain time due to the permanent deformation assumed by the isolating materials. Due to this deflection undergone by the cable the clamping turns out to be no more optimum, becoming sometimes even insufficient.
Objects of the Invention
The object of this invention is to overcome or at least to reduce the inconveniences and the limitations of the old technics illustrated before
Summary of the Invention
These objects are realized through the invention consisting in a device for the shielding of electric cables abutting on metallic cabinets containing telecommunication equipment. characterized in that it includes a metallic box generally shaped in a parallelepiped way deprived of at least one panel; at least one pair -of opposite and cooperating contact means between which at least one clamping space is defined for the shielded electric cable, said contact means being mobile in a sliding way within said box; means to carry out a compression in the longitudinal direction on said plates.
Further characteristic advantages are the subject of the depending claims.
Detailed Description of the Drawings
The invention will now be illustrated referring to the alleged drawings showing preferred but not limitative realization models of the invention jointly with the alleged drawings wherein: Figures 1 - 3 illustrate in perspective a shielding box realized according to the present invention;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the above mentioned contact means; Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of said first embodiment of the contact means;
Figures 6, 7 and 8 are a perspective, a plan and a sectional view, respectively, of one of the clamping blocks as parts of said first embodiment of the contact means; Figure 9 is a sectional view of the shielding box flange;
Figures 10 and 11 are plan views illustrating a second embodiment of the contact means;
Figure 12 illustrates a further embodiment of the contact means.
Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment
Initially referring to the Figures from 1 to 3 the illustrated structure includes a box for the abutting of electric cables at a cabinet, with two open sides and in general indicated by the reference 1. Box 1 is substantially shaped in a parallelepiped way and composed of the metallic laminate elements 2 and 3 setting up the side walls and by the metallic laminate elements 4 and 5 setting up the front and back walls where these terms have to be interpreted in a pure indicative way in order to make the description easier. The junction of the parts 2 - 5 is realized in correspondence of the lapped edges by welding or as shown in the figures by means of screws, this last solution is preferred as it allows the quick assembling of boxes with different lengths.
At least two of the metallic laminate elements are fitted out with lapped edges 6, 7 and 8 with open holes for the assemblage on the frame or the panel of a cabinet or other telecommunication equipment. The front wall 4 provides for a central hole 9 (see Fig. 1) where an internally threaded flange 10 illustrated in details in Fig. 9 is inserted and fixed for example by welding. The Fig. 2 and 3 show box 1 and illustrate the abutting of the cable end 20 including isolated leads 22, a metallic shielding braiding 21 and an external isolation sheath. The means provided for according to the invention to clamp said cable including generally at least one pair of metallic contact means (better defined hereafter) - each of which is placed at one end of box 1 - which turn out to be mobile along the side walls and provided with means suitable to lodge and clamp the cable 20. The above mentioned contact means between which the cable is put are pushed one towards the other by a screw 11 (see Fig. 3) which fits in the flange 10 put in the centre of the front wall. Naturally the screw 11 may be replaced by two or more screws side by side or by other functionally equivalent arrangements. As better illustrated in Fig. 4 and 5 said contact means consist - according to the preferred embodiment of the invention- in a ground panel 30 coupled with a support 31 with a substantially parallelepiped configuration, and it is on one side supplied with three surface-mounted blocks 32, 33 and 34 with an arched surface, respectively, suitable to lodge a portion of the cable 20 corresponding to the metallic braiding 21. In the illustrated embodiment the notches are symmetric and they extend in a semicircle, however their number and dimension depend on the number and on the type of cables to abut.
Always referring to the in the Fig. 4 and 5 illustrated type of realization the support 31 is shaped as a monobloc providing two projections 38 suitable to push against side guides (40) (of complementary section) provided on the internal sides of the box (see Fig. 2 and 3) set up according to a preferential embodiment by support elements of elastic contact elements 12.
In fact in order to realize an optimum contact among all the elements setting up the box, according to the invention the above mentioned elastic contact elements or contact springs 12 are set up on the side walls 2 and 3 inside the box.
In this way a secure earth return is realized avoiding the negative effects deriving from insecure earths and construction plays on the internal surface of the sides of the box on which the said contact means slide. The springs 12 may be of an already known type made of a berillium- copper alloy provided with an adhesive surface for the application. Preferably as shown in Fig. 2 the springs 12 are omitted at the end portion of the box in order to allow an easy introduction into the box of the contact means making them then slide up to the operational position.
One or more filling elements may be used to reach the necessary occupation of the box. These elements (not illustrated) are substantially similar to the ground plate complex 30 and the support 31, and they are deprived of the projecting blocks 32-34.
In order to eliminate the problems deriving from the yielding of the elastomer or plastomer materials constituting the cable, the supports 31 are set up by a said body provided with openings or slots 51, 52 and 53 between which the blocks are set up (singularly constructed as shown in the Fig. from 6 - 8) and the ground panel 30 is provided with projecting bodies 54, 55 and 56 with the functioning as a spring guide for helical springs 57 (only one is shown in Fig. 5) pushing with a constant force on the blocks (see also Fig. 8). These springs maintain a substantially constant pressure on the clamped cable and therefore they compensate the permanent deformation revealed by the time. The ground plate 30 has a C configuration and is fixed to the support 31 thanks to two graduations 58 and screws
(not shown). A pair of teeth locks the complex transversally up during the assembling and serves as a reference.
The construction of one of the blocks is illustrated in the Fig. 6, 7 and 8 and includes two wings 61 and 62, an arched part 63 with countersinks 64 and a guide body 65 with an upper blockage tooth preventing the block from getting out.
Fig. 9 shows a sectional view of the flange 10 provided with an internal threading 13 to be fixed on the short side 4 for example by welding and in which the auger 11 is screwed realizing the compression of the plates. The blocks of the embodiment illustrated before are symmetric with a substantially semicircular accepting surface.
The Fig. 10 and 11 on the other side show the basic structure of the embodiment wherein the above mentioned contact means have the asymmetric configuration 90 and 91. In this case each element is set up in a single piece and presents notches with parallel flanks 93 with a semicircular bottom 92, -or projections with parallel flanks 94 with slightly arched ends 95, respectively, cooperating with the notches to clamp the cables. This embodiment of the invention may obviously be realized in several parts (such as the structure of the support, the blocks and the helical springs) and turns out to be advantageous in the case the diameters of the cables are different and/ or variable.
A further embodiment of a basic structure for the contact means is illustrated in Fig. 12 and consists of two complementary bodies 70 and 71 presenting two substantially plane cooperating surfaces between which the cables are clamped. This embodiment - also this one realized in several parts - is especially used in case of a plurality of small cables 72 - 74, or for flat or at least non circular symmetric cables.
The parts constituting the contact elements in all the described embodiments are preferably manufactured in leading metallic material such as aluminium.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made by the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit thereof.

Claims

1 Device for the shielding of electric cables abutting on metallic cabinets containing telecommunication equipment, characterized in that it includes: a metallic box (1) generally shaped in a parallelepiped way deprived of at least one pane; at least one pair of opposite and cooperating contact means between which at least one clamping space for a shielded electric cable (20) is defined, said contact means being in a sliding way mobile in said box (1); means (10, 11) to practise a compression in the longitudinal direction on said plates.
2. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that each of said contact means has a symmetric configuration and includes: a support element (31) generally parallelepiped provided with openings (51, 52, 53) wherein blocks (32, 33, 34) with arched surfaces (63) are lodged with a limited possibility to move; a closing cover or ground plate (30) fixed on said support; elastic pushing members (57) acting on said blocks (32, 33, 34).
3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said compression means include a screw (11) and an integral threaded flange (10) on one side wall (2) of said box (1) .
4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said box includes a pair of opposed side walls (2, 3) and a pair of opposed transversal walls (4, 5), at least two of said side walls being provided with a lapped edge (6, 1 , 8).
5. Device according to claim 2 , characterised in that said elastic members are constituted by helical springs (57) and that on said ground plate projections (54, 55, 56) are provided with spring guide function.
6. Device according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that said blocks (32, 33, 34) provide a guiding projection part (65) and a blockage tooth (66).
7. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that said supporting element (31) is set up like a monobloc with cooperating side projections (38) with complementary guides (40) provided on the internal part of the side walls (2, 3) of the box.
8. Device according to the claims from 1 to 7, characterized in that said box (1) provides on the internal surfaces of the side walls (2, 3) on which said contact means slide, stripes of contact springs (12) supported by elements suitable to realize said complementary guides (40) of the side projections (38) of said supporting elements (31).
9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said contact means have a complementary and asymmetric configuration (90, 91) and present notches with parallel flanks (93) with semicircular bottom (92), and projections with parallel flanks (94) with slightly arched ends (95) cooperating with said notches to clamp the cables.
10. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that said contact means have a complementary and asymmetric configuration (70, 70) and show plane surfaces.
11. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said metallic box (1) and said contact means are made of electricity conductivity materials.
PCT/EP1993/003209 1992-11-20 1993-11-16 Device for the shielding of electrical cables abutting on cabinets containing telecommunication equipment WO1994013033A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI922652A IT1256057B (en) 1992-11-20 1992-11-20 DEVICE FOR THE SHIELDING OF ELECTRIC CABLES THAT ATTACH TO CABINETS CONTAINING TELECOMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT
ITMI92A002652 1992-11-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994013033A1 true WO1994013033A1 (en) 1994-06-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1993/003209 WO1994013033A1 (en) 1992-11-20 1993-11-16 Device for the shielding of electrical cables abutting on cabinets containing telecommunication equipment

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1092224A (en)
IT (1) IT1256057B (en)
WO (1) WO1994013033A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2735309A1 (en) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-13 Framatome Connectors France Communications bus for avionic and space applications
EP0963147A2 (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-08 Italtel s.p.a. Cable clamping and draining device towards ground of currents induced on the shielding braid of cables for signal transportation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104094684B (en) * 2012-02-13 2018-06-26 华为技术有限公司 A kind of electronic equipment and its manufacturing method
US9510491B2 (en) * 2014-02-17 2016-11-29 Lear Corporation Electromagnetic shield termination device

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3830954A (en) * 1972-09-28 1974-08-20 Singer Co Apparatus for shielding against electromagnetic interference
US4201433A (en) * 1978-07-06 1980-05-06 Fargo Manufacturing Company, Inc. Grounding connector
DE4030153A1 (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-03-26 Broadcast Television Syst HF seal for screened electronic module coupling plate - has numerous apertures for coaxial sockets secured to closely spaced socket plate
US5122068A (en) * 1991-04-12 1992-06-16 Koss Michael R Cable grounding device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3830954A (en) * 1972-09-28 1974-08-20 Singer Co Apparatus for shielding against electromagnetic interference
US4201433A (en) * 1978-07-06 1980-05-06 Fargo Manufacturing Company, Inc. Grounding connector
DE4030153A1 (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-03-26 Broadcast Television Syst HF seal for screened electronic module coupling plate - has numerous apertures for coaxial sockets secured to closely spaced socket plate
US5122068A (en) * 1991-04-12 1992-06-16 Koss Michael R Cable grounding device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2735309A1 (en) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-13 Framatome Connectors France Communications bus for avionic and space applications
EP0963147A2 (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-08 Italtel s.p.a. Cable clamping and draining device towards ground of currents induced on the shielding braid of cables for signal transportation
EP0963147A3 (en) * 1998-06-05 2000-07-19 Italtel s.p.a. Cable clamping and draining device towards ground of currents induced on the shielding braid of cables for signal transportation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI922652A1 (en) 1994-05-20
IT1256057B (en) 1995-11-23
ITMI922652A0 (en) 1992-11-20
CN1092224A (en) 1994-09-14

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