WO1993025658A1 - Dispositif de culture de cellules ou de production de metabolites - Google Patents
Dispositif de culture de cellules ou de production de metabolites Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993025658A1 WO1993025658A1 PCT/FR1993/000551 FR9300551W WO9325658A1 WO 1993025658 A1 WO1993025658 A1 WO 1993025658A1 FR 9300551 W FR9300551 W FR 9300551W WO 9325658 A1 WO9325658 A1 WO 9325658A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nutritional liquid
- culture
- permeable
- liquid
- chamber
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
- C12N9/50—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25)
- C12N9/64—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from animal tissue
- C12N9/6402—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from animal tissue from non-mammals
- C12N9/6405—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from animal tissue from non-mammals not being snakes
- C12N9/641—Cysteine endopeptidases (3.4.22)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/04—Filters; Permeable or porous membranes or plates, e.g. dialysis
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cell culture or metabolite production device of the continuously operating type.
- a cell culture or metabolite production device in which a cell culture chamber is delimited by two microporous membranes between which the cells are confined, and is supplied with nutrients by means of a sheet of tubes with permeable walls in which a flow of nutritional liquid circulates at a pressure higher than that of the liquid medium in the culture chamber.
- the object of the present invention is in particular to avoid all these drawbacks.
- It relates to a cell culture or metabolite production device in which the means for supplying cells with nutrients are inexpensive, non-clogable, easily cleanable and sterile. reusable, and easy to assemble.
- the invention provides a cell culture or metabolite production device, comprising at least one cell culture chamber in a liquid medium, in which two walls are selectively permeable, respectively for introducing fresh nutritional liquid into the culture chamber and the outlet of spent nutritional liquid from this chamber, and means for supplying fresh nutritional liquid under pressure, characterized in that the supply means comprise surfaces which are substantially parallel and adja ⁇ cent, rigid and non-permeable, which delimit between them micro-passages constituting a distributor with uniform flow of nutritional liquid in the culture chamber.
- the uni ⁇ form distribution of nutritional liquid is no longer made by passing through a microporous wall, but by flow in very small gaps or intervals formed between rigid and non-permeable parallel surfaces, this which reduces the risk of clogging by the nutritional liquid and greatly improves the uniformity of distribution.
- the micropores that the permeable walls or the porous membranes of the prior art have have an irregular cross-section and a very small surface area, capable of being obstructed very quickly.
- the micro-passages which the rigid and non-permeable surfaces define between them have a very elongated cross section, of small width and of very great length, so that their obstruction could only occur very gradually and after a very long period of use.
- the aforementioned surfaces delimiting these micro-passages have a calibrated surface condition and are applied to one another.
- micro-passages can be machined in the aforementioned surfaces which are applied one on top of the other.
- a permeable wall according to the invention is then extremely simple, since it suffices to stack or juxtapose surfaces bearing on one another.
- these surfaces are adjacent faces of compact and non-porous elements which are stacked or juxtaposed, or else nested one inside the other.
- These elements may be washers stacked axially, or else washers of different diameters, arranged one inside the other in the same plane, or even flat plates of the same dimension, juxtaposed and stacked in a direction perpen --- dicular to their plan.
- these surfaces are formed by the faces of a ribbon wound with contiguous turns and whose ends are fixed.
- the ribbon wound in a spiral can be housed in a cavity or an annular bowl of a support element with central hub on which is fixed one end of the ribbon, the other end of the latter being fixed on the peripheral wall. of the aforementioned cavity or cu ⁇ vette. It is then possible to provide two conduits for circulating nutritional liquid opening into the bottom of this bowl, for example one in the vicinity of the peri the latter and the other near the central hub, with a free space for the passage of nutrient liquid made between the bottom of the bowl and the ribbon wound in a spiral.
- the aforementioned means for supplying fresh nutritional liquid constitute the permeable wall for introduction into the cul ⁇ ture chamber. This avoids using a microporous membrane for cell containment.
- the permeable wall for the exit of spent nutri ⁇ tional liquid outside the culture chamber can have substantially the same structure as the aforementioned wall for introducing the fresh nutritional liquid.
- the supply means according to the invention have the extremely important advantage of constituting liquid distributors with uniform flow distributed over a large surface, so that they can be used both for the introduction and the exit of liquid. nutritional than for cell containment, which avoids the use of microporous cell containment membranes provided in the prior art, and at the same time avoids all the disadvantages associated with the use of these membranes.
- Such a device is characterized in that it comprises at least two cell culture chambers, vertically superimposed and connected to each other, constituted by stacking of alternating annular elements, some of which form the culture chambers and the others of which carry the aforementioned permeable walls for introducing and leaving nutrient liquid and confining cells.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view in axial section of a culture device according to the invention
- - Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view along the line II-II of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view illus ⁇ tring the principle of a permeable wall according to the invention
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view in axial section of a device according to the invention with several culture stages;
- FIGs 7 and 8 are schematic tick views from above of two annular elements forming part of the device of Figure 6.
- FIG. 1 and 2 a first embodiment of a device according to the invention, comprising only a culture chamber and which consists essentially of superimposition and sealed assembly of three elements, namely a bottom 10 comprising the means for supplying nutri ⁇ tional liquid, an intermediate element 12 delimiting the culture chamber proper, and an element or upper ca ⁇ pot 14 which are tightly assembled and detachably fixed together, for example by screw- wise.
- the lower element 10 comprises the means for supplying nutritional liquid, which here consist of two sets 18 of washers 20 axially stacked which extend between two opposite walls of the lower element 10 and which are clamped between two tubular stops 22 mounted in leaktight manner in holes passing through the walls of the lower element 10 to form inlet and outlet ports for nu ⁇ tritional liquid.
- the washers 20 are kept in axial alignment between three longitudinal rods 24, 120 'from each other and the ends of which are carried by the stops 22.
- One of these stops comprises a spring 26 exerting pressure on the stack of washers 20.
- the faces of these washers, which are thus applied one on the other with a determined pressure have a surface condition or a roughness calibrated so as to delimit between them micro-passages of very small width (less at 5 ⁇ m and for example between 1 and 5 ⁇ ) that the nutritional liquid can borrow to flow radially outwards from the axis of the stack of washers 20.
- the washers 20 can be kept in axial alignment by three longitudinal weld seams, which replace the longitudinal rods 24.
- the intermediate element 12 delimiting the culture chamber on the periphery, comprises a bundle of small parallel tubes 28 with gas-permeable walls, the ends of which open into two opposite cavities 30 of the annular element 12 communicating with the exterior through through holes 32 of the upper cover 14.
- These tubes 28 are preferably made of silicone to be completely hydrophobic and to have no adhesion towards the cells.
- the intermediate element 12 is preferably also made of silicone and is overmolded on the ends of the small tubes 28.
- the tubes 28 fill substantially all of the internal space of the culture chamber and are separated from each other by short distances of the order of a few millimeters.
- the upper cover 14 comprises a central orifice 34 for the outlet of spent nutritional liquid and of meta-bolites excreted by the cells. It also comprises, in its periphery, a through orifice 36 which opens into a passage 38 formed in the annular element 12 for bringing the cells into the culture chamber. Another passage 40 formed in the annular element 12 and communicating with a passage of the lower element 10, makes it possible to empty the culture chamber.
- This device is used in the following way: the passage 40 being closed, a cell culture is brought between the membranes 16 via the orifice 36 and the passage 38, which are then closed.
- a gas stream essentially containing air circulates in the orifices 32, the cavities 30 and the small tubes 28 with permeable walls as indicated by the arrows, for the supply of oxygen to the cells and the extraction of CO2 produced by cells.
- a flow of pressurized nutritional liquid circulates in the sets 18 of stacked washers 20, the pressure of this flow being greater than the pressure in the culture chamber, so that a small part of this flow of nutritional liquid flows radially between the stacked washers 20 to pass through the lower mem ⁇ brane 16 and reach the culture chamber, this low flow rate of nutritional liquid being distributed in a uniform manner substantially over the entire surface of the culture chamber.
- Spent nutritional liquid and metabolites excreted by the cells cross the upper mem ⁇ brane 16 and leave the upper cover by the central orifice 34.
- the flow of nutritional liquid which circulates in the sets 18 of stacked washers is typically of the order of 10 times the flow which flows between the washers to supply the cells, and its pressure is slightly higher than the pressure in the culture chamber, which is substantially equal to the atmospheric pressure.
- the flow speed of the nutri ⁇ tional liquid in the culture chamber is very low, for example of the order of 1 to 10 ⁇ m per second.
- the risks of clogging of the means for supplying nutritional liquid, constituted by the stacks 18 of washers 20, are almost zero.
- the membranes 16 only have the role of confining the cells, and no longer have a role of determining, distributing and regulating the flow of nutritional liquid.
- the micro-passages between the ron ⁇ delles 20 can be machined in one face of each washer.
- One can for example form one or more diametrical or radial V-shaped grooves in one face of each washer over a depth of between 10 and 100 ⁇ for example, as shown in 42 in FIG. 1.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 represent other embodiments of the means for supplying nu ⁇ tritionnal liquid, which have the further advantage of forming a flat surface ⁇ perpendicular to the direction of flow of the nutritional liquid, which removes mem ⁇ branes 16 for confining cells used in the prior art.
- These means for supplying nutri ⁇ tional liquid consist essentially of a series of com ⁇ pact elements 44 juxtaposed inside a box 46 comprising a bottom 48 and a peripheral wall 50, the elements ments 44 being spaced from the bottom 48 of the box to leave free a space 52 into which the inlet and outlet conduits for nutritional liquid open, as shown diagrammatically by the arrows 54.
- the elements 44 juxtaposed inside the box 46 can be flat plates juxtaposed or stacked in a direction perpendicular to their plane. These plates have a surface state or roughness determined to form between them micro-passages of nutritional liquid when they are applied to one another.
- the peripheral wall 50 of the box 46 is square or rectangular.
- the elements 44 may be annular rounds with circular outline, of progressively increasing diameters, so as to be able to be nested one inside the other in the same plane.
- the peripheral wall 50 of the box 46 is circular.
- the permeable wall is constituted by a strip 56, for example metallic, wound with contiguous turns to form a circular plate with uniform passage rate over its entire surface, one of the extremi tees 58 of this ribbon being fixed on the peripheral wall 50 of the box 46, the other end 60 of the ribbon being fixed on a central hub 62 of the box 46.
- the ends of the ribbon can be bent at right angles to be introduced into a slot of the central hub 62 and into a slot 64 of the internal face of the wall periphery 50, respectively.
- the radial dimension of the micro ⁇ passages formed between the turns of the ribbon 56 can be determined by the surface condition or the roughness of the faces of the ribbon, as well as by the tightening or winding of the ribbon on itself.
- the internal face of the peripheral wall 50 can for this purpose comprise several slots 64 angularly spaced, for the adjustment of this winding.
- FIG. 6 shows a column reactor which uses the means for supplying nutritional liquid of FIG. 5.
- the column reactor of FIG. 6 is of the type with several vertically superimposed cell culture chambers and consists essentially by a vertical empi ⁇ lage of alternating annular elements 66 and 68, the elements 66 comprising the permeable walls for introducing and leaving nutritional liquid, the elements 68 forming the actual culture chambers.
- the elements 66 and 68 have orifices intended to be axially aligned to constitute, when the elements 66 and 68 are stacked and assembled in a sealed manner, vertical conduits 70 and 72 for circulation of fresh nutritional liquid, 74 for the outlet of used nutritional liquid and metabolites, and 76 and 78 for circulating a flow of gas containing oxygen and CO2 ( Figures 7 and 8).
- annular elements 66 comprise on each of their two large faces, an annular cup 80 with central hub 82, in which a ribbon 84 is wound tightly contiguous turns, as in the embodiment of FIG. 5.
- the bottom of the bowl 80 has ribs 86 (FIG. 7) making it possible to separate the ribbon 84 from the bottom of the bowl 80.
- These ribs can be radial as shown, or in a spiral so that the liquid circulates rapidly in a spiral between these ribs and inside the turns of the ribbon 84.
- Two passages 88 represent link the bottom of the bowl 80 of the upper face of the element 66 to the conduits 70 and 72, respectively.
- a passage 90 formed in the annular element 66 connects the bottom of the bowl -80 from its underside to the conduit 74.
- the hubs 82 include an axial passage 92 which passes through the entire annular element 66, to make com ⁇ municate two vertically superimposed culture chambers.
- the lower annular element 66 only its upper face comprises a bowl receiving a ribbon wound with contiguous turns and communicating with the conduits 70 and 72 for circulation of fresh nutritional liquid.
- annular bowl 80 in which is disposed a ribbon wound with contiguous turns and which is connected by a passage 90 to the conduit 74 for the outlet of nutritional liquid spent and metabolites.
- the annular elements 68 forming the culture chambers are of the same type as the annular element 12 of FIGS. 1 and 2 and each comprise a bundle of capillary tubes 94 with walls permeable to gases, made for example of silicone and of which the ends open respectively into the above-mentioned orifices 76 and 78 (FIG. 8).
- each element 68 can also be made of a cone, and molded onto the ends of the capillary tubes 94.
- each element 68 mounted clamped between two elements 66 constitutes a cell culture chamber, the upper and lower faces of which are delimited by the ribbons 84 wound in the annular cavities 80 of the lower and upper elements 66.
- the ru ⁇ ban 84 on the underside of the culture chamber constitutes a permeable liquid supply wall nutritional and cell containment inside the culture chamber.
- the tape 84 of the upper face of this culture chamber constitutes a permeable wall for the outlet of spent nutritional liquid and of metabolites excreted by the cells, as well as a cell confinement wall inside the culture chamber.
- the culture chamber which is located on the lower stage of the column reactor has a volume much lower than that of the other cul ⁇ ture chambers of this reactor, to constitute a pre-cul ⁇ ture stage from which we will seed the upper stages of the reactor thanks to the axial passages 92 formed in the annular elements 66.
- the upper end of the axial passage 92 of the upper element 66 opens out to form a vent hole and comprises a selective closure means 96.
- the conduit 70 for circulating fresh nutritional liquid opens out to the outside of the upper element 66 to form a vent hole and comprises means 98 for selective closure.
- conduits 70 and 72 are connected to each other via a flow limitation valve 100 and a circulation pump 102, to form a closed loop for circulation of fresh nutritional liquid, also comprising back-up means 104.
- Means are also provided for circulating an appropriate gas mixture in the conduits 76 and 78 and the bundles of capillary tubes 94.
- the lower culture chamber of the reactor having a much lower volume than that of the other culture chambers (from 10 to 1000 times smaller depending on the case) is used for the development of a very sample concentrate of a cell culture, which is introduced into this lower chamber through the axial passage 92 of the lower element 66.
- the fresh nutritional liquid circulating under the permeable wall 84 of the lower element 66 contains growth factors appropriate, to significantly increase the number of cells.
- the various culture stages of the column reactor can then be seeded one after the other, by opening the selective sealing means 96 and 98 provided at the upper end of the axial passage 92 of the upper element 66 and at the 'upper end of the duct 70.
- the constituent elements of the column reactor are either metallic (for example in stainless steel) for the annular elements 66, or in plas ⁇ tic material (for example in silicone) for the annular elements 68. These elements can be tightly assembled by simple compression of annular seals, which may optionally be formed projecting on the opposite faces of the elements 68 in sili ⁇ cone.
- the cleaning and sterilization of this column reactor is carried out without difficulty, for example by circulation of water vapor in the conduits 70 and 72, as well as in the axial passages 92 of the elements 66.
- the column reactor is fully removable and therefore easily cleanable.
- the unclogging of the permeable walls according to the invention can be carried out very simply by thermal shocks, mechanical shocks, vibra ⁇ tions, or by magneto-necking.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP93913107A EP0672112A1 (fr) | 1992-06-17 | 1993-06-10 | Dispositif de culture de cellules ou de production de metabolites |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9207345A FR2692589B1 (fr) | 1992-06-17 | 1992-06-17 | Dispositif de culture de cellules ou de production de metabolites. |
FR92/07345 | 1992-06-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993025658A1 true WO1993025658A1 (fr) | 1993-12-23 |
Family
ID=9430836
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1993/000551 WO1993025658A1 (fr) | 1992-06-17 | 1993-06-10 | Dispositif de culture de cellules ou de production de metabolites |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0672112A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2692589B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1993025658A1 (fr) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4201845A (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1980-05-06 | Monsanto Company | Cell culture reactor |
WO1990005179A1 (fr) * | 1988-11-02 | 1990-05-17 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Recipient de culture et d'entretien de cellules, a membrane matricielle a points |
-
1992
- 1992-06-17 FR FR9207345A patent/FR2692589B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-06-10 EP EP93913107A patent/EP0672112A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-10 WO PCT/FR1993/000551 patent/WO1993025658A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4201845A (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1980-05-06 | Monsanto Company | Cell culture reactor |
WO1990005179A1 (fr) * | 1988-11-02 | 1990-05-17 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Recipient de culture et d'entretien de cellules, a membrane matricielle a points |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2692589B1 (fr) | 1995-06-23 |
EP0672112A1 (fr) | 1995-09-20 |
FR2692589A1 (fr) | 1993-12-24 |
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