WO1993024763A1 - Flywheel with means for dampening undesirable vibrations - Google Patents

Flywheel with means for dampening undesirable vibrations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993024763A1
WO1993024763A1 PCT/DE1993/000416 DE9300416W WO9324763A1 WO 1993024763 A1 WO1993024763 A1 WO 1993024763A1 DE 9300416 W DE9300416 W DE 9300416W WO 9324763 A1 WO9324763 A1 WO 9324763A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flywheel
hollow body
rotor
dampening
holder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1993/000416
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wolfgang Scholl
Horst Link
Ralf Weber
Original Assignee
Teldix Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teldix Gmbh filed Critical Teldix Gmbh
Publication of WO1993024763A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993024763A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/30—Flywheels
    • F16F15/315—Flywheels characterised by their supporting arrangement, e.g. mountings, cages, securing inertia member to shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/24—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
    • B64G1/28—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using inertia or gyro effect

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flywheel which has a stator and a rotor rotatably mounted thereon, which has a flywheel on the outer circumference, means being provided which dampen undesired vibrations of the rotor.
  • a flywheel e.g. used to stabilize spacecraft
  • a prescribed swirl should be achieved at a certain speed. Since in a rotating body the moment of inertia and thus the twist is dependent on the square of the distance of the rotatable mass, the flywheel is provided on the outer radius of the rotor; this is connected to a bearing on the stator by means of connecting elements, for example spokes.
  • connecting elements for example spokes.
  • a rotor represents a system capable of oscillation. In particular when the spacecraft is started, very large load peaks can occur when external excitations occur with the resonance frequency of the system, which can damage the bearing, if not render the entire flywheel completely unusable.
  • the flywheel has two separate flywheels.
  • damping elements for example friction linings
  • the two inertial masses are arranged with respect to one another in such a way that they touch each other as soon as one or both vibrate.
  • the degree of damping depends solely on the vibration behavior of the two flywheels; a variable influencing of the damping from the outside is not possible here.
  • the two flywheels and their mutual distance must be dimensioned within very narrow tolerances.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a flywheel of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the vibration damping can be controlled and with as little complex means as possible.
  • the elastic hollow body used according to the invention which can be filled with a gas or a liquid, can be expanded to different extents, with which its pressure on the flywheel can be controlled.
  • the damping of the rotor can thus be adjusted very flexibly by placing the hollow body under a more or less strong gas or liquid pressure.
  • the figure shows a cross section through a flywheel.
  • the flywheel essentially consists of a stator 1 which is rigidly connected to a housing 2, and a rotor which is rotatably mounted on the stator 1.
  • the rotor has a hub 3 which is rotatably arranged on the stator 1 by means of bearings 4 and 5.
  • An annular flywheel 8 is connected to the hub 3 via spokes 6 and 7. Especially when a spacecraft is launched, in which such a flywheel is installed, the flywheel mass with the spokes vibrates very strongly, so that there is a risk that bearings 4 and 5 will be destroyed. Means are therefore provided which can dampen undesirable vibrations of the rotor.
  • the rotor is surrounded by a holder 9 designed as a cylinder.
  • this holder 9 is provided with two cutouts 10 and 11, which are provided on its inside and open towards the flywheel 8.
  • An elastic hollow body 12, 13 forming a closed ring is accommodated in each of these recesses 10, 11.
  • the hollow bodies 12, 13 can be filled with a gaseous or liquid medium.
  • each hollow body 12, 13 has a valve, not shown in the drawing. Because the hollow bodies 12, 13 are elastic, they expand to a greater or lesser extent depending on the amount of gas or liquid supplied.
  • the holder 9 is arranged with the hollow bodies 12 and 13 so close to the flywheel 8 that the hollow bodies 12 and 13 touch the flywheel 8 in the expanded state.
  • Vibrations of the rotor are damped by the friction of the flywheel 8 on the hollow bodies 12, 13. Since the hollow bodies 12, 13 can be expanded to different extents, the degree of damping can be controlled. Any desired vibration damping can only be set by means of an easy-to-use gas or liquid flow control.
  • the invention is not tied to the use of two annular hollow bodies as damping elements. Under certain circumstances, only an annular hollow body is sufficient. Deviating from this, several smaller hollow bodies can also be arranged distributed around the rotor.

Abstract

A flywheel has means for dampening undesirable vibrations. In order to control the dampening of the vibrations of the flywheel with means as simple as possible, the dampening means consist of at least one elastic hollow body (12, 13) expandable by filling with a liquid or gaseous medium. At least one holder (9) which receives the hollow body (12, 13) is stationarily arranged with respect to the flywheel mass (8) of the rotor (3, 6, 7, 8), so that the flywheel mass (8) touches the hollow body (12, 13) when the latter is in its expanded state.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Schwungrad mit Mitteln zur Dämpfung von unerwünschten SchwingungenFlywheel with means for damping unwanted vibrations
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Schwungrad, das einen Stator und einen daran drehbar gelagerten Rotor besitzt, welcher am äußeren Umfang eine Schwungmasse aufweist, wobei Mittel vorgesehen sind, welche unerwünschte Schwingungen des Rotors dämpfen.The present invention relates to a flywheel which has a stator and a rotor rotatably mounted thereon, which has a flywheel on the outer circumference, means being provided which dampen undesired vibrations of the rotor.
Mit einem Schwungrad, wie es z.B. zur Stabilisierung von Raumfahrzeugen eingesetzt wird, soll bei einer bestimmten Drehzahl ein vorgeschriebener Drall erreicht werden. Da bei einem rotierenden Körper das Trägheitsmoment und somit der Drall vom Quadrat des Abstandes der drehbaren Masse abhängig ist, wird die Schwungmasse am äußeren Radius des Rotors vorgesehen; diese ist mittels Verbindungselementen, beispielsweise Speichen, mit einem Lager am Stator verbunden. Ein solcher Rotor stellt jedoch ein schwingungsfähiges System dar. Insbesondere beim Start des Raumfahrzeuges können bei Auftreten von äußeren Anregungen mit der Resonanzfrequenz des Systems sehr große Belastungsspitzen auftreten, die zu Beschädigungen des Lagers, wenn nicht gar zu völliger Unbrauchbarkeit des gesamten Schwungrades führen können.With a flywheel, e.g. used to stabilize spacecraft, a prescribed swirl should be achieved at a certain speed. Since in a rotating body the moment of inertia and thus the twist is dependent on the square of the distance of the rotatable mass, the flywheel is provided on the outer radius of the rotor; this is connected to a bearing on the stator by means of connecting elements, for example spokes. However, such a rotor represents a system capable of oscillation. In particular when the spacecraft is started, very large load peaks can occur when external excitations occur with the resonance frequency of the system, which can damage the bearing, if not render the entire flywheel completely unusable.
Gemäß der DE 32 07 609 besitzt das Schwungrad zwei getrennte Schwungmassen. Um hierbei störende Schwingungen zu dämpfen, sind zwischen den beiden Schwungmassen Dämpfungselemente, z.B, Reibbeläge, vorgesehen und die beiden Schwungmassen sind zueinander so angeordnet, daß sie sich berühren, sobald eine oder beide in Schwingung geraten. Bei dieser bekannten Anordnung hängt der Grad der Dämpfung allein vom Schwingungsverhalten der beiden Schwungmassen ab; eine variable Beeinflussung der Dämpfung von außen ist hier nicht möglich. Um eine gewünschte Schwingungsdämpfung des Rotors zu erzielen, müssen die beiden Schwungmassen und deren gegenseitiger Abstand innerhalb sehr enger Toleranzen dimensioniert werden.According to DE 32 07 609, the flywheel has two separate flywheels. In order to dampen disturbing vibrations, damping elements, for example friction linings, are provided between the two inertial masses and the two inertial masses are arranged with respect to one another in such a way that they touch each other as soon as one or both vibrate. In this known arrangement, the degree of damping depends solely on the vibration behavior of the two flywheels; a variable influencing of the damping from the outside is not possible here. In order to achieve a desired vibration damping of the rotor, the two flywheels and their mutual distance must be dimensioned within very narrow tolerances.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schwungrad der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, bei dem die Schwingungsdämpfung steuerbar ist und das mit möglichst wenig aufwendigen Mitteln.The invention is based on the object of specifying a flywheel of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the vibration damping can be controlled and with as little complex means as possible.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruch 1 gelöst. Zwechmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Untεransprüchen hervor.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Two further developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.
Der nach der Erfindung verwendete elastische Hohlkörper, welcher mit einem Gas oder einer Flüssigkeit füllbar ist, kann verschieden stark ausgedehnt werden, womit sein Druck auf die Schwungmasse steuerbar ist. Die Dämpfung des Rotors läßt sich dadurch also sehr flexibel einstellen, indem der Hohlkörper unter einen mehr oder weniger starken Gas- oder Flüssigkeitsdruck gesetzt wird.The elastic hollow body used according to the invention, which can be filled with a gas or a liquid, can be expanded to different extents, with which its pressure on the flywheel can be controlled. The damping of the rotor can thus be adjusted very flexibly by placing the hollow body under a more or less strong gas or liquid pressure.
Anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels wird nachfolgend die Erfindung näher erläutert.Based on an embodiment shown in the drawing, the invention is explained in more detail below.
Die Figur zeigt einen Querschnitt durch ein Schwungrad. Das Schwungrad besteht im Wesentlichen aus einen Stator 1 der mit einem Gehäuse 2 starr verbunden ist, und einem an dem Stator 1 drehbar gelagerten Rotor. Der Rotor besitzt eine Nabe 3, die mittels Lagern 4 und 5 auf dem Stator 1 drehbar angeordnet ist. Über Speichen 6 und 7 ist eine ringförmige Schwungmasse 8 mit der Nabe 3 verbunden. Insbesondere beim Start eines Raumflugkörpers, in dem ein solches Schwungrad eingebaut ist, gerät die Schwungmasse mit den Speichen in sehr starke Schwingungen, sodaß die Gefahr besteht daß die Lager 4 und 5 zerstört werden. Es sind deshalb Mittel vorgesehen, welche unerwünschte Schwingungen des Rotors dämpfen können. Zu diesem Zweck umgibt den Rotor eine als Zylinder ausgebildete Halterung 9. Diese Halterung 9 ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel mit zwei an seiner Innenseite angebrachten zur Schwungmasse 8 hin geöffneten Aussparungen 10 und 11 versehen. In jeder dieser Aussparungen 10, 11 ist ein einen geschlossenen Ring bildender elastischer Hohlkörper 12, 13 untergebracht. Die Hohlkörper 12, 13 können mit einem gasförmigen oder flüssigen Medium gefüllt werden. Dazu weist jeder Hohlkörper 12, 13 ein in der Zeichnung nicht dargestelltes Ventil auf. Dadurch daß die Hohlkörper 12, 13 elastisch sind, dehnen sie sich in Abhängigkeit von der zugeführten Gas- bzw. Flüssigkeitsmenge mehr oder weniger stark aus. Die Halterung 9 ist mit den Hohlkörpern 12 und 13 so dicht neben der Schwungmasse 8 angeordnet, daß im ausgedehnten Zustand die Hohlkörper 12 und 13 die Schwungmasse 8 berühren. Durch die Reibung der Schwungmasse 8 an den Hohlkörpern 12, 13 werden Schwingungen des Rotors gedämpft. Da die Hohlkörper 12, 13 verschieden stark ausdehnbar sind, ist der Grad der Dämpfung steuerbar. Lediglich durch eine einfach handzuhabende Gas- bzw. Flüsεigkeitszuflußregelung kann jede gewünschte Schwingungsdämpfung eingestellt werden.The figure shows a cross section through a flywheel. The flywheel essentially consists of a stator 1 which is rigidly connected to a housing 2, and a rotor which is rotatably mounted on the stator 1. The rotor has a hub 3 which is rotatably arranged on the stator 1 by means of bearings 4 and 5. An annular flywheel 8 is connected to the hub 3 via spokes 6 and 7. Especially when a spacecraft is launched, in which such a flywheel is installed, the flywheel mass with the spokes vibrates very strongly, so that there is a risk that bearings 4 and 5 will be destroyed. Means are therefore provided which can dampen undesirable vibrations of the rotor. For this purpose, the rotor is surrounded by a holder 9 designed as a cylinder. In the exemplary embodiment, this holder 9 is provided with two cutouts 10 and 11, which are provided on its inside and open towards the flywheel 8. An elastic hollow body 12, 13 forming a closed ring is accommodated in each of these recesses 10, 11. The hollow bodies 12, 13 can be filled with a gaseous or liquid medium. For this purpose, each hollow body 12, 13 has a valve, not shown in the drawing. Because the hollow bodies 12, 13 are elastic, they expand to a greater or lesser extent depending on the amount of gas or liquid supplied. The holder 9 is arranged with the hollow bodies 12 and 13 so close to the flywheel 8 that the hollow bodies 12 and 13 touch the flywheel 8 in the expanded state. Vibrations of the rotor are damped by the friction of the flywheel 8 on the hollow bodies 12, 13. Since the hollow bodies 12, 13 can be expanded to different extents, the degree of damping can be controlled. Any desired vibration damping can only be set by means of an easy-to-use gas or liquid flow control.
Die Erfindung ist nicht an den Einsatz von zwei ringförmigen Hohlkörpern als Dämpfungseleraente gebunden. Unter Umständen reicht auch nur ein ringförmiger Hohlkörper aus. Abweichend davon können auch mehrere kleinere Hohlkörper um den Rotor verteilt angeordnet werden. The invention is not tied to the use of two annular hollow bodies as damping elements. Under certain circumstances, only an annular hollow body is sufficient. Deviating from this, several smaller hollow bodies can also be arranged distributed around the rotor.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Schwungrad, das einen Stator und einen daran drehbar gelagerten Rotor besitzt, welcher am äußeren Umfang eine Schwungmasse aufweist, wobei Mittel vorgesehen sind, welche unerwünschte Schwingungen des Rotors dämpfen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dämpf ngsmittel aus mindestens einem elastischen Hohlkörper (12, 13) bestehen, der durch Auffüllen mit einem flüssigen oder gasförmigen Medium ausdehnbar ist, und daß mindestens eine den Hohlkörper (12, 13) aufnehmende Halterung (9) so gegenüber der Schwungmasse (8) des Rotors (3, 6, 7 8) feststehend angeordnet ist, daß die Schwungmasse (8) den Hohlkörper (12, 13) berührt, wenn dieser sich im ausgedehnten Zustand befindet.1. flywheel, which has a stator and a rotor rotatably mounted thereon, which has a flywheel on the outer circumference, means being provided which dampen undesirable vibrations of the rotor, characterized in that the damping means consist of at least one elastic hollow body (12, 13), which is expandable by filling with a liquid or gaseous medium, and that at least one holder (9) receiving the hollow body (12, 13) is fixed relative to the flywheel (8) of the rotor (3, 6, 7 8) it is arranged that the flywheel (8) touches the hollow body (12, 13) when it is in the expanded state.
2. Schwungrad nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlkörper (12, 13) ein den Rotor (3, 6, 7, 8) umgebender geschlossener Ring ist.2. Flywheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow body (12, 13) is a rotor (3, 6, 7, 8) surrounding a closed ring.
3. Schwungrad nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlkörper (12, 13) ein Ventil zum Ein- und Auslassen des flüssigen oder gasförmigen Mediums aufweist.3. Flywheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hollow body (12, 13) has a valve for inlet and outlet of the liquid or gaseous medium.
4. Schwungrad nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halterung (9) ein den Rotor (3, 6, 7, 8) umgebender Zylinder ist, der zur Aufnahme jedes Hohlkörper-Ringes (12, 13) an seiner Innenseite eine umlaufende Aussparung (10, 11) die zur Schwungmasse (8) hin geöffnet ist, aufweist. 4. Flywheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holder (9) is a rotor (3, 6, 7, 8) surrounding cylinder, which for receiving each hollow body ring (12, 13) on its inside circumferential recess (10, 11) which is open towards the flywheel (8).
PCT/DE1993/000416 1992-05-23 1993-05-13 Flywheel with means for dampening undesirable vibrations WO1993024763A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924217129 DE4217129C1 (en) 1992-05-23 1992-05-23
DEP4217129.6 1992-05-23

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WO1993024763A1 true WO1993024763A1 (en) 1993-12-09

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0742146A1 (en) * 1995-05-11 1996-11-13 Hughes Aircraft Company Mechanism for mounting and actuating a momentum wheel with high vibration isolation
US5820079A (en) * 1994-04-05 1998-10-13 Hughes Electronics Mechanism for mounting and actuating a momentum wheel with high vibration isolation
CN105217056A (en) * 2014-06-26 2016-01-06 上海新跃仪表厂 A kind of split type counteraction flyback wheel body

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT413742B (en) * 2004-11-19 2006-05-15 Johannes Dipl Ing Markopulos FLYWHEEL FOR WIND POWER PLANTS
CN106081168B (en) * 2016-05-26 2018-06-01 北京控制工程研究所 A kind of control-moment gyro rotor-support-foundation system absorbing damping unit
CN110525692A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-03 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Realize the counteraction flyback of the spaceborne integrated common drive executing agency of rapid scan
CN114590421B (en) * 2022-04-12 2022-09-09 北京航空航天大学 Multi-friction contact surface nonlinear vibration absorption-energy consumption device for momentum wheel

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB389127A (en) * 1931-08-10 1933-03-10 Vernon Anthony Trier Improvements in or relating to vibration dampers of the friction type
DE3207609A1 (en) * 1981-04-11 1982-10-28 Teldix Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg Flywheel or reaction wheel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB389127A (en) * 1931-08-10 1933-03-10 Vernon Anthony Trier Improvements in or relating to vibration dampers of the friction type
DE3207609A1 (en) * 1981-04-11 1982-10-28 Teldix Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg Flywheel or reaction wheel

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5820079A (en) * 1994-04-05 1998-10-13 Hughes Electronics Mechanism for mounting and actuating a momentum wheel with high vibration isolation
EP0742146A1 (en) * 1995-05-11 1996-11-13 Hughes Aircraft Company Mechanism for mounting and actuating a momentum wheel with high vibration isolation
CN105217056A (en) * 2014-06-26 2016-01-06 上海新跃仪表厂 A kind of split type counteraction flyback wheel body

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