WO1993022919A1 - Herbicide compositions - Google Patents
Herbicide compositions Download PDFInfo
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- WO1993022919A1 WO1993022919A1 PCT/US1993/002186 US9302186W WO9322919A1 WO 1993022919 A1 WO1993022919 A1 WO 1993022919A1 US 9302186 W US9302186 W US 9302186W WO 9322919 A1 WO9322919 A1 WO 9322919A1
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- herbicide composition
- herbicide
- herbicidal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/04—Carbon disulfide; Carbon monoxide; Carbon dioxide
Definitions
- the problems associated with effective control of undesired plants in varied agricultural and horticultural applications are significantly different.
- the herbicide chosen should be selective in its activity. It should kill weeds and other unwanted plants, and be harmless to the food crop plant growing or to be grown in the treated area.
- Chemical herbicides are classified generally according to the type of activity they possess. A given compound may have more than one type of activity depending upon its mode of application and the rate at which it is applied.
- herbicides are usually classified as selective or non-selective pre-emergents or post- emergents.
- the most effective pre-emergence herbicide is one which is selective in its nature. If the designated compound can kill the seed and germinated seedlings of undesirable plants without harm to. the seed and germinated seedlings of the crop, there will not be any problem of overpenetration of the soil by the herbicide.
- Post-emergence herbicides are applied after the crop and weeds have attained substantial height. In general, if a compound is found to have post-emergence activity it will not be selective. As a rule, herbicidally active compounds are not selective in their action on plant life.
- U.S. 5,022,917 discloses an extensive listing of herbicides that are effective through contact, and those that are taken up from the soil by root systems.
- the recited herbicides include defoliants, desiccants, eradicants, systemics and selective herbicides, and related plant growth regulants.
- U.S. 4,508,559 describes a herbicide composition which contains 2-chloro- ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ .-trifluoro- p-tolyl-3-carboxy—-nitrophenyl ether and at least one water-soluble salt of an inorganic or organic acid, and which exhibits increased herbicidal efficacy because of the combination of ingredients.
- bio ⁇ ide composition which is a blend of inorganic and organic compounds exhibiting properties suitable for weed eradication, or for growth control or defoliation applications with cultivated crops.
- a herbicide composition which is a dry blend formulation comprising (1) an ingredient selected from alkali metal and ammonium bicarbonates;
- a compatibility enhancing ingredient selected from water-soluble organic compounds which are in solid form at a temperature below about 10°C; and (3) a herbicide ingredient.
- this invention provides an aqueous herbicidal formulation having a content comprising (1) an ingredient selected from alkali metal and ammonium bicarbonates; (2) a compatibility enhancing ingredient selected from water-soluble organic compounds which are in solid form at a temperature below about 10°C; and
- the inorganic salt ingredient is selected from compounds which include sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate.
- the inorganic salt ingredient can include an additional compound selected from sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate and ammonium carbonate.
- the inorganic salt ingredient typically will comprise between about 10-80 weight percent, based on the weight of dry blend formulation.
- Illustrative of inorganic salt ingredients in a formulation are sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium bicarbonate, or mixtures such as sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate; sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; potassium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; sodium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate; potassium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate; and the like.
- inorganic salt compounds can be utilized in a broad range of molar quantities relative to each other.
- the molar quantity of a carbonate salt compound normally is determined by pH control considerations when aqueous formulations are prepared.
- the content of a carbonate salt compound can be varied to control the pH at a desired level in the range of 7.5-12.
- Aqueous herbicidal formulations of the present invention tend to have a higher herbicidal activity at higher pH values.
- a compatibility enhancing ingredient of the present invention herbicide compositions is a water-soluble organic compound which is in solid form at a temperature below about 10°C.
- Suitable compounds include acetamide, acetylurea, alanine, aminoquanidine, aminomalonate salt, aminopyridine, arabinose, benzenesulfonate salt, benzoate salt, citraconate salt, citrate salt, crotonate salt, cyclohexanol, dihydroxyacetone, dihydroxyacetone phosphate salt, dihydroxybenzene, di ethylurea, ethanola ine, ethyl alaninate, ethyl arsonate, ethylglycine, ethylurea, ethylenedisulfonate salt, ethyleneurea, paraformaldehyde, fucose, glutamate salt, glycerol, glycerol nitrate, glycerol phosphate salt, glycogen
- the compatibility enhancing ingredient is incorporated in a quantity between about 0.5-20 weight percent, based on the weight of ingredients in a dry blend fungicide composition.
- water-soluble refers to a compatibility enhancing organic compound which has a solubility of at least about one gram per 100 grams of water at 25°C.
- the herbicidal ingredient of an invention herbicide composition is included in a quantity which will provide a concentration between about 0.0001-10 weight percent of the medium which is being applied to seeds, plants, trees, soil, and the like.
- the herbicidal ingredient can be selected from a wide variety of organic and inorganic compounds or mixtures which are' known and used in agriculture and horticulture applications.
- Amide herbicides are exemplified by commercial products such as Lasso and Dual, which are effective for pre-emergent or pre-planting applications.
- Arsenical herbicides include cacodylic acid and the salts of monomethylarsinic acid and dimethylarsinic acid.
- Cacodylic acid is a defoliating or desiccating contact herbicide.
- Arsinic acid salts have lower contact toxicity and act through absorption.
- Carbamate and thiocarba ate herbicides include Belanal, Betanex, Sutan, Epta , and similar trademark products. These herbicides usually are applied to the soil and are taken up through the root systems.
- Carboxylic acid herbicides are illustrated by commercial products such as Banvel, GarIon and 2,4-D. Various of these herbicides can be applied to the soil or to foliage, and are effective against broad leaf weeds.
- Dinitroaniline herbicides include Balan and Treflan commercial products, which are applied to the soil to inhibit root growth and shoot growth, and exhibit low translocation.
- Heterocyclic nitrogen-containing herbicides are illustrated by Aatrex, Basagran, Sencor and Velpar, which are applied to the soil for pre-emergent control.
- Organophosphate compounds are useful as plant growth regulators and herbicides. This type of organic biocide structure is illustrated by Bensulide and Betasan.
- Urea herbicides are nonselective and usually are soil applied.
- Urea-type commercial products include Lorox and Tupersan.
- Quaternary herbicides include commercial products such as Avenge, Diquat and Paraquat, which have utility as contact foliars.
- Other commercially available herbicides include ammonium sulfamate, Atrazine, Bentazon, Bromacil, Casoron, Chloroamben, Delapon, Diuron, Fluometuron, Glphosate, Linuron, Picloram, Trifluralin, sodium chlorate, sodium azide, and the like.
- weeds which are controlled by herbicide compositions include barnyard grass, green foxtail, wild oats, nightshade, velvetleaf, annual morningglory. yellow nutsedge, pigweed, downy brome, and the like.
- a herbicide composition can be accomplished by employing conventional techniques and equipment.
- a herbicide composition can be a dry blend dusting powder or granulated product, or an aqueous spraying formulation.
- Dusting powders are prepared by grinding together about 5-25 weight percent of the dry blend inorganic and organic herbicide composition ingredients with a solid diluent such as kaolin, talc, fuller's earth, wood flour, and the like.
- Granules can be formed by impregnating pellets of filler with a fluid medium of the herbicide composition ingredients, or by pelleting a dry blend herbicide composition in admixture with a powdered filler.
- An invention herbicide composition also can be in the form of a dispersible powder in combination with a surfactant to facilitate dispersion of the powder in an aqueous medium.
- the surfactant is incorporated in a herbicide composition in a quantity between about 1-20 weight percent, based on the weight of water-insoluble ingredients.
- the surfactant can be a cationic, anionic or nonionic type, or a mixture thereof.
- Suitable surfactants include cetyltrimethyla monium bromide; sodium la ' uryl sulfate; sodium dodecylbenzene- sulfonate; ammonium lignosulfonate; condensation products of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols, amines or alkylphenols; partial esters of fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides; and the like.
- the ingredients in a invention herbicide composition can be selected to include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, in a ratio that allows the composition to function as a fertilizer in addition to its function as a herbicide, when applied to soil or cultivated crops.
- An invention herbicide composition can include one or more other biologically active ingredients, such as those which exhibit fungicidal or insecticidal activity.
- a herbicide composition of the present invention has a novel combination of properties for the practice of plant growth control in agricultural and horticultural applications.
- a compound of the inorganic salt ingredient exhibits fungicidal properties when used in a small quantity (e.g., 100 ppm) . If a larger quantity (e.g., 300 ppm) is employed, the inorganic salt ingredient exhibits herbicidal properties, and the efficacy of the herbicide ingredient is enhanced by the presence of the inorganic salt ingredient. A lesser quantity of herbicide ingredient then can be employed to achieve a desired degree of plant growth control.
- a present invention herbicide composition can be formulated to exhibit controlled phytotoxicity, or to minimize the toxic effects of salt stress on plants by the inorganic salt ingredient.
- a significant feature of a present invention herbicide composition is the inclusion of a compatibility enhancing agent as an essential ingredient. Migration and settling of solid ingredients is minimized, and a dry blend formulation has a more uniformly distributed content because of the presence of the compatibility enhancing ingredient.
- An aqueous herbicidal formulation has exceptional long term stability, without phase separation and precipitation of solids.
- a present invention aqueous herbicidal formulation has improved spreadability and adhesiveness when applied to plant foliage, and resists post-application herbicide drift.
- An applied formulation also exhibits humectant properties on coated foliage, and increased herbicidal efficacy because of the presence of the compatibility enhancing ingredient.
- This Example illustrates the preparation of a herbicide dusting powder in accordance with the present invention.
- a blend of the following ingredients is prepared:
- the formulated blend is milled to provide a powder with a particle size of less than 0.5 micron.
- This Example illustrates the preparation of a dinitroaniline-containing herbicide composition.
- a hlend of the following ingredients is prepared as a wettable powder formulation:
- the blend is suspended in water to provide an aqueous formulation which contains about six pounds of benfluralin per 500 gallons of water.
- the aqueous formulation is applied in a quantity providing two pounds of benfluralin per acre of turf grass for the control of crabgrass.
- This Example illustrates the preparation of a granulated herbicide composition which has a high suspension capacity in water.
- a mixture of the following ingredients is prepared:
- the mixture is dispersed in water, and spray-dried at 180°C.
- the resulting granules have a 70% suspension capacity in water.
- This Example illustrates the preparation of herbicide composition tablets which rapidly disintegrate and disperse in water.
- the ingredients are blended, and formed into tablets which disintegrate and disperse in water within about five minutes at 25°C.
- a liquid concentrate is prepared from the following ingredients:
- the ingredients are admixed and heated at 40°C to form a concentrated liquid suspension.
- the suspension When the suspension is diluted with water, it forms a stable emulsion which has utility as a herbicide spray in agricultural applications.
- This Example illustrates the preparation of an aqueous herbicidal formulation stabilized with a nonionic surfactant phosphate ester salt.
- the formulation is sprayed directly on plant life as a growth regulating agent.
- This Example illustrates the preparation of a herbicide-fertilizer composition.
- Granules are prepared by tumbling the blend, spraying added water to form tacky solids, and then drying the granulated product.
- An aqueous emulsion formulation is prepared with the following ingredients:
- the emulsion formulation is diluted with water to 250 ppm of herbicide ingredient.
- the diluted formulation is tested at the rate of 10 pounds per acre of herbicide ingredient, by drenching the formulation onto soil disposed in 4.5 inch plastic pots which contain respectively weed seeds of velvet leaf, jimsonweed, tall morningglory, switchgrass, barnyard grass, and green foxtail.
- the percent control of each weed type is determined two weeks after treatment in comparison with untreated controls. ' The results indicate essentially 100 percent control of each weed type germination.
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Abstract
This invention provides a novel herbicide composition having a bicarbonate-containing inorganic salt ingredient which enhances the efficacy of a herbicidal ingredient for weed control and plant growth regulation in agriculture and horticulture applications. An invention herbicide composition also contains a water-soluble organic compound which functions as a compatibility enhancing ingredient in aqueous formulations, and improves the spreadability and adhesiveness of the composition ingredients when applied to foliage.
Description
HERBICIDE COMPOSITIONS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Weed control is essential in the cultivation of important agricultural crops such as corn, peanuts and cotton, and in the cultivation of many horticultural species. Also, the presence of weeds on non-cropped areas can be a fire hazard, or can result in undesirable drifting of sand or snow, or can cause discomfort to persons with allergies. Control of weeds is particularly beneficial when it permits the selective control of such plants without concurrent injury to desirable crops or vegetation.
The problems associated with effective control of undesired plants in varied agricultural and horticultural applications are significantly different. When treating crops or land which is prepared for crops, the herbicide chosen should be selective in its activity. It should kill weeds and other unwanted plants, and be harmless to the food crop plant growing or to be grown in the treated area. When treating certain other areas such as under power lines, it is desirable to kill all plant life, and a herbicide which is non-selective will be most useful in this application. Chemical herbicides are classified generally according to the type of activity they possess. A given compound may have more than one type of activity depending upon its mode of
application and the rate at which it is applied. In addition, herbicides are usually classified as selective or non-selective pre-emergents or post- emergents. The most effective pre-emergence herbicide is one which is selective in its nature. If the designated compound can kill the seed and germinated seedlings of undesirable plants without harm to. the seed and germinated seedlings of the crop, there will not be any problem of overpenetration of the soil by the herbicide.
Post-emergence herbicides are applied after the crop and weeds have attained substantial height. In general, if a compound is found to have post-emergence activity it will not be selective. As a rule, herbicidally active compounds are not selective in their action on plant life.
Of general interest with respect to the present invention are recent publications which describe newly developed herbicidal compositions. U.S. 5,022,917 discloses an extensive listing of herbicides that are effective through contact, and those that are taken up from the soil by root systems. The recited herbicides include defoliants, desiccants, eradicants, systemics and selective herbicides, and related plant growth regulants.
Of particular interest with respect to the present invention are publications which disclose herbicide compositions which utilize a combination
of ingredients to achieve enhanced fungicidal activity. U.S. 4,508,559 describes a herbicide composition which contains 2-chloro-α,α,α.-trifluoro- p-tolyl-3-carboxy—-nitrophenyl ether and at least one water-soluble salt of an inorganic or organic acid, and which exhibits increased herbicidal efficacy because of the combination of ingredients.
There remains a continuing need for the development of new and more effective herbicides which can be applied to soil or plant foliage with a minimum of non-selective phytotoxic effects on cultivated crops.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a bioσide composition which is a blend of inorganic and organic compounds exhibiting properties suitable for weed eradication, or for growth control or defoliation applications with cultivated crops.
It is another object of this invention to provide a herbicide composition which is a dry blend of ingredients which include a bicarbonate salt which enhances the biocidal activity of a herbicide ingredient.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention shall become apparent from the accompanying description and examples.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION One or more objects of the present invention are accomplished by the provision of a herbicide composition which is a dry blend formulation comprising (1) an ingredient selected from alkali metal and ammonium bicarbonates;
(2) a compatibility enhancing ingredient selected from water-soluble organic compounds which are in solid form at a temperature below about 10°C; and (3) a herbicide ingredient.
In another embodiment this invention provides an aqueous herbicidal formulation having a content comprising (1) an ingredient selected from alkali metal and ammonium bicarbonates; (2) a compatibility enhancing ingredient selected from water-soluble organic compounds which are in solid form at a temperature below about 10°C; and
(3) a herbicide ingredient.
The inorganic salt ingredient is selected from compounds which include sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate. In a further embodiment, the inorganic salt ingredient can include an additional compound selected from sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate and ammonium carbonate. The inorganic salt ingredient typically will comprise between about 10-80 weight percent, based on the weight of dry blend formulation.
Illustrative of inorganic salt ingredients in a formulation are sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium bicarbonate, or mixtures such as sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate; sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; potassium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; sodium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate; potassium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate; and the like.
Multiple inorganic salt compounds can be utilized in a broad range of molar quantities relative to each other. The molar quantity of a carbonate salt compound normally is determined by pH control considerations when aqueous formulations are prepared. The content of a carbonate salt compound can be varied to control the pH at a desired level in the range of 7.5-12. Aqueous herbicidal formulations of the present invention tend to have a higher herbicidal activity at higher pH values.
A compatibility enhancing ingredient of the present invention herbicide compositions is a water-soluble organic compound which is in solid form at a temperature below about 10°C. Suitable compounds include acetamide, acetylurea, alanine, aminoquanidine, aminomalonate salt, aminopyridine, arabinose, benzenesulfonate salt, benzoate salt, citraconate salt, citrate salt, crotonate salt,
cyclohexanol, dihydroxyacetone, dihydroxyacetone phosphate salt, dihydroxybenzene, di ethylurea, ethanola ine, ethyl alaninate, ethyl arsonate, ethylglycine, ethylurea, ethylenedisulfonate salt, ethyleneurea, paraformaldehyde, fucose, glutamate salt, glycerol, glycerol nitrate, glycerol phosphate salt, glycogen, glycoliσ aldehyde, glyoxal, guanidine, hexamine, mannitol, fructose, glucose, hydroxyurea, lactate salt, lactose, lysine, maleic amide, malonate salt, maltose, altodextrin, methoxypyridine, methyl acetate, methyl carbamate, methyl ethyl sulfone, methyl glucoside, methylhydantoin, methylinositol, methyl hiourea, methyluracil, methylurea, methylenedisulfonate salt, muconate salt, naphtholdisulfonate salt, nitrobenzoate salt, nitropentanediol, nitrophenol salt, nitrourethane, pentaglycerol, phenol, phenylenediamine, polydextrose, propionamide, propyl carbamate, propylurea, purine, pyrazine, pyri idine, ribose, saccharate salt, sarcosinate salt, semicarbazide, sorbate salt, succinimide, sucrose, tartarate salt, tetrahydrobenzoate salt, tetrahydroquinoline, tetrazine, thiourea, threonine, tria inobenzene, triazole, triethylphosphine oxide, triethylenetetramine, trihydroxybenzene, trimethylurea, urea, xylenol, xylose, xylylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum acacia, gum tragacanth, potassium alginate, potato agar, and the like.
The compatibility enhancing ingredient is incorporated in a quantity between about 0.5-20 weight percent, based on the weight of ingredients in a dry blend fungicide composition. The term "water-soluble" as employed herein refers to a compatibility enhancing organic compound which has a solubility of at least about one gram per 100 grams of water at 25°C.
The herbicidal ingredient of an invention herbicide composition is included in a quantity which will provide a concentration between about 0.0001-10 weight percent of the medium which is being applied to seeds, plants, trees, soil, and the like. The herbicidal ingredient can be selected from a wide variety of organic and inorganic compounds or mixtures which are' known and used in agriculture and horticulture applications.
Amide herbicides are exemplified by commercial products such as Lasso and Dual, which are effective for pre-emergent or pre-planting applications.
Arsenical herbicides include cacodylic acid and the salts of monomethylarsinic acid and dimethylarsinic acid. Cacodylic acid is a defoliating or desiccating contact herbicide. Arsinic acid salts have lower contact toxicity and act through absorption.
Carbamate and thiocarba ate herbicides include Belanal, Betanex, Sutan, Epta , and similar trademark products. These herbicides usually are applied to the soil and are taken up through the root systems.
Carboxylic acid herbicides are illustrated by commercial products such as Banvel, GarIon and 2,4-D. Various of these herbicides can be applied to the soil or to foliage, and are effective against broad leaf weeds.
Dinitroaniline herbicides include Balan and Treflan commercial products, which are applied to the soil to inhibit root growth and shoot growth, and exhibit low translocation. Heterocyclic nitrogen-containing herbicides are illustrated by Aatrex, Basagran, Sencor and Velpar, which are applied to the soil for pre-emergent control.
Organophosphate compounds are useful as plant growth regulators and herbicides. This type of organic biocide structure is illustrated by Bensulide and Betasan.
Urea herbicides are nonselective and usually are soil applied. Urea-type commercial products include Lorox and Tupersan.
Quaternary herbicides include commercial products such as Avenge, Diquat and Paraquat, which have utility as contact foliars.
Other commercially available herbicides include ammonium sulfamate, Atrazine, Bentazon, Bromacil, Casoron, Chloroamben, Delapon, Diuron, Fluometuron, Glphosate, Linuron, Picloram, Trifluralin, sodium chlorate, sodium azide, and the like.
The types of weeds which are controlled by herbicide compositions include barnyard grass, green foxtail, wild oats, nightshade, velvetleaf, annual morningglory. yellow nutsedge, pigweed, downy brome, and the like.
Application of a present invention herbicide composition can be accomplished by employing conventional techniques and equipment. A herbicide composition can be a dry blend dusting powder or granulated product, or an aqueous spraying formulation.
Dusting powders are prepared by grinding together about 5-25 weight percent of the dry blend inorganic and organic herbicide composition ingredients with a solid diluent such as kaolin, talc, fuller's earth, wood flour, and the like.
Granules can be formed by impregnating pellets of filler with a fluid medium of the herbicide composition ingredients, or by pelleting a dry blend herbicide composition in admixture with a powdered filler.
An invention herbicide composition also can be in the form of a dispersible powder in combination with a surfactant to facilitate
dispersion of the powder in an aqueous medium. The surfactant is incorporated in a herbicide composition in a quantity between about 1-20 weight percent, based on the weight of water-insoluble ingredients.
The surfactant can be a cationic, anionic or nonionic type, or a mixture thereof. Suitable surfactants include cetyltrimethyla monium bromide; sodium la'uryl sulfate; sodium dodecylbenzene- sulfonate; ammonium lignosulfonate; condensation products of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols, amines or alkylphenols; partial esters of fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides; and the like.
The ingredients in a invention herbicide composition can be selected to include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, in a ratio that allows the composition to function as a fertilizer in addition to its function as a herbicide, when applied to soil or cultivated crops. An invention herbicide composition can include one or more other biologically active ingredients, such as those which exhibit fungicidal or insecticidal activity.
A herbicide composition of the present invention has a novel combination of properties for the practice of plant growth control in agricultural and horticultural applications.
A compound of the inorganic salt ingredient exhibits fungicidal properties when used in a small quantity (e.g., 100 ppm) . If a larger
quantity (e.g., 300 ppm) is employed, the inorganic salt ingredient exhibits herbicidal properties, and the efficacy of the herbicide ingredient is enhanced by the presence of the inorganic salt ingredient. A lesser quantity of herbicide ingredient then can be employed to achieve a desired degree of plant growth control.
A present invention herbicide composition can be formulated to exhibit controlled phytotoxicity, or to minimize the toxic effects of salt stress on plants by the inorganic salt ingredient.
A significant feature of a present invention herbicide composition is the inclusion of a compatibility enhancing agent as an essential ingredient. Migration and settling of solid ingredients is minimized, and a dry blend formulation has a more uniformly distributed content because of the presence of the compatibility enhancing ingredient. An aqueous herbicidal formulation has exceptional long term stability, without phase separation and precipitation of solids.
As a further advantage, a present invention aqueous herbicidal formulation has improved spreadability and adhesiveness when applied to plant foliage, and resists post-application herbicide drift. An applied formulation also
exhibits humectant properties on coated foliage, and increased herbicidal efficacy because of the presence of the compatibility enhancing ingredient.
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention. The components and specific ingredients are presented as being typical, and various modifications can be derived in view of the foregoing disclosure within the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLE I
This Example illustrates the preparation of a herbicide dusting powder in accordance with the present invention. A blend of the following ingredients is prepared:
The formulated blend is milled to provide a powder with a particle size of less than 0.5 micron.
EXAMPLE II
This Example illustrates the preparation of a dinitroaniline-containing herbicide composition. A hlend of the following ingredients is prepared as a wettable powder formulation:
The blend is suspended in water to provide an aqueous formulation which contains about six pounds of benfluralin per 500 gallons of water.
The aqueous formulation is applied in a quantity providing two pounds of benfluralin per acre of turf grass for the control of crabgrass.
EXAMPLE III
This Example illustrates the preparation of a granulated herbicide composition which has a high suspension capacity in water. A mixture of the following ingredients is prepared:
The mixture is dispersed in water, and spray-dried at 180°C. The resulting granules have a 70% suspension capacity in water. -
EXAMPLE IV
This Example illustrates the preparation of herbicide composition tablets which rapidly disintegrate and disperse in water.
The ingredients are blended, and formed into tablets which disintegrate and disperse in water within about five minutes at 25°C.
(1 sodium salt of alkylacylsulfonate condensation product (Jacques Wolf & Co.)
EXAMPLE V
This Example illustrates the preparation of a water-dilutable liquid concentrate herbicide composition. A liquid concentrate is prepared from the following ingredients:
The ingredients are admixed and heated at 40°C to form a concentrated liquid suspension. When the suspension is diluted with water, it forms a stable emulsion which has utility as a herbicide spray in agricultural applications.
EXAMPLE VI
This Example illustrates the preparation of an aqueous herbicidal formulation stabilized with a nonionic surfactant phosphate ester salt.
The formulation is sprayed directly on plant life as a growth regulating agent.
EXAMPLE VII
This Example illustrates the preparation of a herbicide-fertilizer composition.
A blend of the following ingredients is prepared:
Granules are prepared by tumbling the blend, spraying added water to form tacky solids, and then drying the granulated product.
EXAMPLE VIII
This Example illustrates the effectiveness of a pre-emergence herbicide in accordance with the present invention. An aqueous emulsion formulation is prepared with the following ingredients:
The emulsion formulation is diluted with water to 250 ppm of herbicide ingredient. The diluted formulation is tested at the rate of 10 pounds per acre of herbicide ingredient, by drenching the formulation onto soil disposed in 4.5 inch plastic pots which contain respectively weed seeds of velvet leaf, jimsonweed, tall morningglory, switchgrass, barnyard grass, and green foxtail.
The percent control of each weed type is determined two weeks after treatment in comparison with untreated controls.' The results indicate essentially 100 percent control of each weed type germination.
Claims
1. A herbicide composition which is a dry blend formulation comprising (1) an ingredient selected from alkali metal and ammonium bicarbonates; (2) a compatibility enhancing ingredient selected from water-soluble organic compounds which are in solid form at a temperature below about 10°C; and (3) a herbicide ingredient.
2. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 which additionally contains a surfactant ingredient.
3. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient is between about 10-80 weight percent.
4. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient comprises sodium bicarbonate.
5. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient comprises potassium bicarbonate.
6. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient comprises ammonium bicarbonate.
7. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient comprises sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate.
8. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient comprises sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate.
9. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient comprises potassium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate.
10. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient comprises sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate.
11. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the compatibility enhancing ingredient is a monohydroxy or polyhydroxy compound.
12. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the compatibility enhancing ingredient is an amine derivative.
13. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the compatibility enhancing ingredient is a carboxylic or sulfonic compound.
14. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the compatibility enhancing ingredient is a phosphorus-containing compound.
15. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the compatibility enhancing ingredient is a carbohydrate.
16. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the compatibility enhancing ingredient is urea or a substituted urea.
17. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the compatibility enhancing ingredient is a carboxylate or sulfonate salt.
18. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the compatibility enhancing ingredient is a phosphate salt.
19. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is an amide herbicide.
20. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is an arsenical herbicide .
21. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is a carbamate or thiocarbamate herbicide.
22. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is a carboxylate herbicide.
23. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is a dinitroaniline derivative herbicide.
24. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim l wherein the herbicidal ingredient is a heterocyclic nitrogen derivative herbicide.
25. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is a urea derivative herbicide.
26. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is a quaternary derivative herbicide.
27. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is dichlobenil
28. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is triclopyr.
29. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is benfluralin.
30. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is diquat dibromide.
31. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is alachlor.
32. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is lorazepam.
33. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is da inozide.
34. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is atrazine.
35. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the herbicidal ingredient is hexazinone.
36. A herbicide composition in accordance with claim 1 which contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in a ratio which is functional as a fertilizer formulation.
37. An aqueous herbicidal formulation having a content comprising (1) an ingredient selected from alkali metal and ammonium bicarbonates; (2) a compatibility enhancing ingredient selected from water-soluble organic compounds which are in solid form at a temperature below about 10°C; and (3) a herbicide ingredient.
38. An aqueous herbicidal formulation in accordance with claim 37 which additionally contains a surfactant ingredient.
39. An aqueous herbicidal formulation in accordance with claim 37 wherein the content of inorganic salt ingredient is between about
10-80 weight percent, based on the weight of ingredients.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US88169192A | 1992-05-12 | 1992-05-12 | |
| US881,691 | 1992-05-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993022919A1 true WO1993022919A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
Family
ID=25378991
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1993/002186 WO1993022919A1 (en) | 1992-05-12 | 1993-03-16 | Herbicide compositions |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU3801793A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993022919A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10036002A1 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2002-02-14 | Aventis Cropscience Gmbh | Herbicidal agents |
| US9908821B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2018-03-06 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions and systems and methods of using same |
| US9938201B1 (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2018-04-10 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions containing zinc and systems and methods of using same |
| US10098098B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2018-10-09 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Mixed fatty acid soap/fatty acid insecticidal, cleaning, and antimicrobial compositions |
| US11071296B2 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2021-07-27 | Mitsui Agriscience International S.A./N.V. | Liquid sulfonylurea-containing herbicidal compositions |
| US11464225B2 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2022-10-11 | Battelle Uk Limited | Liquid sulfonylurea- and li-salt containing herbicidal compositions |
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| US3442945A (en) * | 1967-05-22 | 1969-05-06 | Monsanto Co | Phytotoxic alpha-halo-acetanilides |
| US3937730A (en) * | 1972-06-06 | 1976-02-10 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Plant growth regulating agent |
| JPS527438A (en) * | 1975-07-08 | 1977-01-20 | Kumiai Chem Ind Co Ltd | Granular composition for agriculture and gardening |
| US4933000A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1990-06-12 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Herbicidal compound concentrate |
| CA2013918A1 (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-10-07 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Pesticidal active ingredient concentrates and the preparation thereof |
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1993
- 1993-03-16 AU AU38017/93A patent/AU3801793A/en not_active Abandoned
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| US3442945A (en) * | 1967-05-22 | 1969-05-06 | Monsanto Co | Phytotoxic alpha-halo-acetanilides |
| US3937730A (en) * | 1972-06-06 | 1976-02-10 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Plant growth regulating agent |
| JPS527438A (en) * | 1975-07-08 | 1977-01-20 | Kumiai Chem Ind Co Ltd | Granular composition for agriculture and gardening |
| US4933000A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1990-06-12 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Herbicidal compound concentrate |
| US5004614A (en) * | 1988-08-26 | 1991-04-02 | Forum Chemicals Ltd. | Controlled release device with an impermeable coating having an orifice for release of drug |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10036002A1 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2002-02-14 | Aventis Cropscience Gmbh | Herbicidal agents |
| US6770594B2 (en) | 2000-07-25 | 2004-08-03 | Aventis Cropscience | Herbicidal compositions |
| US11533911B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2022-12-27 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Mixed fatty acid soap/fatty acid based insecticidal, cleaning, and antimicrobial compositions |
| US10098098B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2018-10-09 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Mixed fatty acid soap/fatty acid insecticidal, cleaning, and antimicrobial compositions |
| US11071296B2 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2021-07-27 | Mitsui Agriscience International S.A./N.V. | Liquid sulfonylurea-containing herbicidal compositions |
| US10464856B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2019-11-05 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions and systems and methods of using same |
| US10167238B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2019-01-01 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions and systems and methods of using same |
| US10899675B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2021-01-26 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions and systems and methods of using same |
| US9908821B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2018-03-06 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions and systems and methods of using same |
| US11591273B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2023-02-28 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions and systems and methods of using same |
| US10807918B2 (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2020-10-20 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions containing zinc and systems and methods of using same |
| US9938201B1 (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2018-04-10 | Winfield Solutions, Llc | Micronutrient compositions containing zinc and systems and methods of using same |
| US11464225B2 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2022-10-11 | Battelle Uk Limited | Liquid sulfonylurea- and li-salt containing herbicidal compositions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3801793A (en) | 1993-12-13 |
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