WO1993019428A1 - Gaming device providing high security communications with a remote station - Google Patents
Gaming device providing high security communications with a remote station Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993019428A1 WO1993019428A1 PCT/US1993/001334 US9301334W WO9319428A1 WO 1993019428 A1 WO1993019428 A1 WO 1993019428A1 US 9301334 W US9301334 W US 9301334W WO 9319428 A1 WO9319428 A1 WO 9319428A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gaming device
- information
- game operation
- operation information
- remote
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
- G07F17/32—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for games, toys, sports, or amusements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/34—Betting or bookmaking, e.g. Internet betting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
- G07F17/32—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for games, toys, sports, or amusements
- G07F17/3286—Type of games
- G07F17/3288—Betting, e.g. on live events, bookmaking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F5/00—Coin-actuated mechanisms; Interlocks
- G07F5/20—Coin-actuated mechanisms; Interlocks specially adapted for registering coins as credit, e.g. mechanically actuated
- G07F5/22—Coin-actuated mechanisms; Interlocks specially adapted for registering coins as credit, e.g. mechanically actuated electrically actuated
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F9/00—Details other than those peculiar to special kinds or types of apparatus
- G07F9/08—Counting total of coins inserted
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gaming device and more particularly to a system that allows communication between the gaming device and a remote operator station to allow game operation information to be transmitted to the remote station while preventing the operation of the gaming device from being altered from the remote station.
- Gaming devices are known that allow communication between the gaming device and a remote station run by a jurisdictional authority, such as a State administrator.
- the jurisdictional authority typically requires that such communications be initiated only by the remote station and not by the gaming device.
- the restrictions on the communications between a gaming device and a remote station are to ensure the security and integrity of the gaming device operations.
- jurisdictional authorities have not allowed the operator to communicate with the gaming device from a remote location due to the risk that the operations of the device will be tampered with by downloading information to the device.
- the gaming device of the present invention includes a high security communication system that allows communications between a remote operator station and the gaming device while ensuring that the game controls of the device cannot be altered from the remote station. More particularly, the gaming device of the present invention includes a game controller for controlling the operations of the gaming device and for monitoring the operations of the gaming device to provide information representative thereof.
- a first memory is coupled to the game controller for storing game operation information.
- a transmitter is responsive to the game controller for transmitting encoded signals representing selected game operation information that is stored in the first memory.
- a receiver receives the encoded signals transmitted thereto to generate an electrical signal representative of the selected game operation information.
- a second memory is coupled to the receiver for storing the selected game operation information.
- a remote communication controller is provided for transmitting the game operation information stored in the second memory to a remote operator's station.
- the transmitter and receiver are preferably such as to allow the transfer of information in only a single direction so as to prevent access to the game controller via the communication controller.
- the transmitter and receiver may take the form of electro optical devices such as a LED and a photocell, although other devices restricting the direction in which information can be transferred may also be employed.
- the game controller, first memory and transmitter are contained on a first printed circuit board and the receiver, second memory and communication controller are contained on a second printed circuit board there being no electrical connection between the two circuit boards to prevent tampering of the game controller via the communication channel with the remote operator station.
- the gaming device of the present invention thus allows an operator to monitor the operations of a gaming device from a remote location without compromising the integrity and security of the gaming device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a gaming device in accordance with the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a game controller routine for controlling the transmission of game operation information to a communication circuit board as depicted in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a communication controller routine for receiving and storing data as well as for initiating communications with a remote operator station.
- a gaming device 10 in accordance with the present invention includes a cabinet 12 for housing the game operation controls 14 and controls 16 to allow communications between the gaming device 10 and a remote operator station 18 without compromising the security or integrity of the game operation controls 14.
- the controls 14 of the gaming device include a microprocessor 20 that operates in accordance with software and data respectively stored in a ROM 22 and a RAM 24 in order to control the operation of the gaming device.
- the microprocessor 20 also monitors various events concerning the operation of the gaming device via a number of sensors generally designated 26.
- the sensors 26 may include a door open sensor in order to detect when a door on the gaming device cabinet 12 is opened to indicate that someone has access to the controls 14.
- the sensors 26 may also include a sensor for detecting when a coin hopper or bill stacker is almost full. If the gaming device 10 includes a printer for providing a printed record of gaming events, a sensor 26 may be provided to generate a signal indicating that the available paper is almost depleted. These are just a few of the sensors that might be provided within the gaming device.
- the microprocessor 20 is responsive to the signals received from various ones of the sensors 26 to store game operation event information representing the sensor signals in a RAM 24.
- the microprocessor 20 also stores history records in the RAM 24 wherein the history records include the time of occurrence of each win and the payout of that particular win, etc.
- Counter information is also stored in the RAM 24 under the control of the microprocessor 20. Such counter information includes for example the total coin or bill intake of the gaming device.
- the microprocessor further stores diagnostic and status information in the RAM 24.
- the diagnostic information or status information preferably includes an alarm flag indicating a sensed condition that warrants interruption of the operation of the gaming device or that warrants the immediate attention of the operator. For example, in response to a door open signal from a sensor 26, the microprocessor 20 prevents further operation of the gaming device 10 and stores in the RAM 24 an alarm flag indicating that the operation of the gaming device has been suspended due to a sensed open door condition.
- the controls 14 include a modem 32 that is coupled through a port 34 on the cabinet 12 to a local area network to which the monitoring station 30 is connected.
- the microprocessor 20 is programmed to allow communications with the remote station 30 to be initiated only by the remote station 30.
- the controls 14 include a transmitter 36 that is capable of transmitting encoded information but that is not capable of receiving information, the transmitter 36 transmitting information as selected by the microprocessor 20 to the communication controls 16.
- the communication controls 16 then transmit the information to the operator station 18.
- the transmitter 36 may be a LED that generates a light encoded signal representing the selected game operation information stored in the RAM 24 and the receiver 40 may be a photocell positioned with respect to the LED 36 so as to receive the light encoded signals transmitted from the LED 36. In response to a received light encoded signal, the photocell generates an electrical signal representative thereof.
- the communication controls 16 include an input interface 46 coupled to the photocell 40 to buffer the data received, the input interface 46 being coupled to a microprocessor 50.
- the microprocessor 50 operates in accordance with software stored in a ROM 52 to store data representing the information received by the photocell 40 in a RAM 54.
- the microprocessor 50 further controls communications with the operator station. More particularly, the microprocessor 50 may initiate communications with the operator station 18 via a modem 56 and/or the operator station 18 may periodically poll the communications board 44 to allow the game operation information stored in the RAM 54 to be transmitted to the operator station 18.
- microprocessor 20, memories 22 and 24 and transmitter 36 are contained on one circuit board 42 while the microprocessor 50, memories 52, 54 and receiver are contained on a different circuit board 44, there being no direct electrical connections between the two boards.
- those sensors which are not integral to the operation of the game such as the paper depletion sensor, may be directly coupled to the communication board 44 as indicated by the dotted line 45.
- Such an arrangement allows the microprocessor 50 to directly monitor various operations of the gaming device such as those operations relating to the maintenance of the device without compromising the integrity of the game operation controls 14.
- the communications board 44 may also have a power supply 58 separate from the power supply 60 of the game control board 42.
- the microprocessor 20 may periodically, at predetermined times or upon the occurrence of predetermined events control the light transmitter 36 to transmit selected information stored in the RAM 24 as discussed with respect to Fig. 2. More particularly, the microprocessor 20 at a block 70 first reads diagnostic and status information from the RAM 24. At block 72 the microprocessor 20 transmits the diagnostic and status information via the transmitter 36 with coded information representing the type of information being transmitted. Thereafter, at block 74 the microprocessor 20 reads the various counter registers in the RAM 24 and at block 76 the microprocessor 20 controls the transmission of the counter information with a coded word identifying the type of information via the transmitter 36.
- the microprocessor 20 reads any history records that might be stored in the RAM 24 and at block 82 the microprocessor transmits the history information with a coded word identifying the type of information via the transmitter 36.
- the microprocessor 50 of the communications controls 16 controls the storage of data received by the photocell 40 and initiates communications with the operator station 18 in accordance with a flow chart depicted in Fig. 3. More particularly, the microprocessor 50 at a block 84 determines whether information has been received from the game controls 14 and if so, proceeds to block 86. At block 86, the microprocessor 50 determines whether the information received is diagnostic or status information. If it is not, the microprocessor proceeds to block 88 to store the received information in particular locations in the RAM 54.
- the microprocessor 50 determines at block 86 that the information received by the photocell 40 is diagnostic/status information, the microprocessor 50 proceeds to block 90 to determine whether the information includes an alarm flag. If the information does not include an alarm flag, the microprocessor proceeds to block 88 to store the diagnostic/status information. If, however, the microprocessor 50 determines that an alarm flag is included in the diagnostic/status information, the microprocessor at a block 92 temporarily stores the alarm flag and initiates communications with the operator's station 18. Thereafter, the microprocessor at block 94 controls the transmission of data stored in the RAM 54 to the operator station 18. The microprocessor 50 is also responsive to a polling signal from the operator station 18 to transmit the information stored in the RAM 54 so that the operator can monitor the operation of the gaming device 10 remotely along with various other gaming devices under the operator's supervision.
- the gaming device of the present invention thus allows an operator to be able to communicate with a gaming device from a remote location without compromising the integrity of the game controls 14. Since changes may be made in the above-described system without departing from the scope of the present invention, it is intended that the above description and drawings be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Health Care (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5516554A JPH07506989A (en) | 1992-03-18 | 1993-02-12 | A game device that communicates with distant stations with high protection. |
EP93905950A EP0631676A4 (en) | 1992-03-18 | 1993-02-12 | Gaming device providing high security communications with a remote station. |
KR1019940703273A KR950701105A (en) | 1992-03-18 | 1994-09-17 | Gaming Device Providing High Security communications with a Remdote Station |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US85350392A | 1992-03-18 | 1992-03-18 | |
US853,503 | 1992-03-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993019428A1 true WO1993019428A1 (en) | 1993-09-30 |
Family
ID=25316209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1993/001334 WO1993019428A1 (en) | 1992-03-18 | 1993-02-12 | Gaming device providing high security communications with a remote station |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5729212A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0631676A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH07506989A (en) |
KR (1) | KR950701105A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2117694A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993019428A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5871398A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1999-02-16 | Walker Asset Management Limited Partnership | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US6402614B1 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2002-06-11 | Walker Digital, Llc | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US6527638B1 (en) | 1994-03-11 | 2003-03-04 | Walker Digital, Llc | Secure improved remote gaming system |
US6964611B2 (en) | 1996-12-30 | 2005-11-15 | Walker Digital, Llc | System and method for automated play of lottery games |
US7179168B1 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2007-02-20 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events |
US7452270B2 (en) | 2000-06-29 | 2008-11-18 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods for presenting an outcome amount via a total number of events |
Families Citing this family (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8352400B2 (en) | 1991-12-23 | 2013-01-08 | Hoffberg Steven M | Adaptive pattern recognition based controller apparatus and method and human-factored interface therefore |
US5830068A (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1998-11-03 | Ods Technologies, L.P. | Interactive wagering systems and processes |
US9530150B2 (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 2016-12-27 | Adcension, Llc | Compensation model for network services |
US5823879A (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 1998-10-20 | Sheldon F. Goldberg | Network gaming system |
US20090012864A1 (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2009-01-08 | Goldberg Sheldon F | Compensation model for network services |
US6264560B1 (en) | 1996-01-19 | 2001-07-24 | Sheldon F. Goldberg | Method and system for playing games on a network |
US7904187B2 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 2011-03-08 | Hoffberg Steven M | Internet appliance system and method |
AR029163A1 (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2003-06-18 | Ods Properties Inc | SYSTEM FOR PERFORMING BETS INTERACTIVELY |
US6735487B1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2004-05-11 | Ods Properties, Inc. | Interactive wagering system with promotions |
EP1269361A2 (en) | 1999-12-06 | 2003-01-02 | ODS Properties, Inc. | Systems and methods for interactive wagering |
US6712701B1 (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2004-03-30 | Ods Technologies, L.P. | Electronic book interactive wagering system |
US6773347B1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2004-08-10 | Ods Properties, Inc. | Interactive wagering system |
US6837791B1 (en) | 2000-04-05 | 2005-01-04 | Ods Properties, Inc. | Interactive wagering system with totalisator selection |
US20020049975A1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2002-04-25 | Thomas William L. | Interactive wagering system with multiple display support |
US6674448B1 (en) | 2000-04-05 | 2004-01-06 | Ods Properties, Inc. | Interactive wagering system with controllable graphic displays |
MXPA02009860A (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2004-12-06 | Ods Properties Inc | Interactive wagering systems for providing wagering information and methods of use. |
AU5005901A (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-23 | Ods Properties Inc | Systems and methods for placing parimutuel wagers on future events |
AU2001251427A1 (en) | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-23 | Ods Properties, Inc. | Interactive wagering systems and methods for restricting wagering access |
CA2403361A1 (en) | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-18 | Ods Properties, Inc. | Interactive wagering systems and methods with multiple television feeds |
MXPA02009862A (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2004-10-14 | Ods Properties Inc | Systems and methods for recognizing preferred wagerers. |
US20010051540A1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-12-13 | John Hindman | Interactive wagering systems and methods with parimutuel pool features |
WO2001078855A2 (en) | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-25 | Ods Properties, Inc. | Systems and methods for cross-platform access to a wagering interface |
US7155590B2 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2006-12-26 | Mathis Richard M | Method and apparatus for computer memory protection and verification |
CZ10176U1 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2000-06-30 | Miroslav Valenta | Gambling machine operation data acquisition and central register system |
EP1351748A4 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2007-04-04 | Ods Properties Inc | Systems and methods for providing fixed-odds and pari-mutuel wagering |
US20020065120A1 (en) | 2000-11-29 | 2002-05-30 | Ods Properties, Inc. | Interactive wagering system with automatic runner selection |
US7066816B2 (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2006-06-27 | Atronic International Gmbh | Bill stacker and hopper access technique for a gaming device |
US7582013B2 (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2009-09-01 | Cfph, L.L.C. | System and method for high-speed pari-mutuel wagering using a clearinghouse |
US7442124B2 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2008-10-28 | Bgc Partners, Inc. | System and method for high-speed pari-mutuel wagering |
US20150379493A9 (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-12-31 | Flytech Technology Co., Ltd | Service data record system and pos system with the same |
TWM476327U (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-11 | Flytech Technology Co Ltd | Service data record system and point of sale using the same |
TWI536292B (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2016-06-01 | 飛捷科技股份有限公司 | Service data record system and point of sale using the same |
CN104765676A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-07-08 | 飞捷科技股份有限公司 | Service data recording system and end point sale system applying same |
CN104766415B (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2018-06-12 | 飞捷科技股份有限公司 | Service data recording system and endpoint sale system with same |
US20190188955A1 (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-20 | Igt | System and method for utilizing location-based analytics to provide gaming awards |
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US4636951A (en) * | 1983-05-02 | 1987-01-13 | Ainsworth Nominees Pty. Ltd. | Poker machine communication system |
US4837728A (en) * | 1984-01-25 | 1989-06-06 | Igt | Multiple progressive gaming system that freezes payouts at start of game |
US4982337A (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1991-01-01 | Burr Robert L | System for distributing lottery tickets |
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US4857886A (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1989-08-15 | Crews Eric J | Timing system |
FR2630561B1 (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1992-11-27 | Audebert Yves | ELECTRONIC PORTABLE DEVICE FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH A SCREEN |
-
1993
- 1993-02-12 EP EP93905950A patent/EP0631676A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-02-12 CA CA002117694A patent/CA2117694A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-02-12 JP JP5516554A patent/JPH07506989A/en active Pending
- 1993-02-12 WO PCT/US1993/001334 patent/WO1993019428A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1994
- 1994-09-17 KR KR1019940703273A patent/KR950701105A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1996
- 1996-11-20 US US08/754,019 patent/US5729212A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4636951A (en) * | 1983-05-02 | 1987-01-13 | Ainsworth Nominees Pty. Ltd. | Poker machine communication system |
US4837728A (en) * | 1984-01-25 | 1989-06-06 | Igt | Multiple progressive gaming system that freezes payouts at start of game |
US4982337A (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1991-01-01 | Burr Robert L | System for distributing lottery tickets |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP0631676A4 * |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6527638B1 (en) | 1994-03-11 | 2003-03-04 | Walker Digital, Llc | Secure improved remote gaming system |
US6935952B2 (en) | 1994-03-11 | 2005-08-30 | Walker Digital, Llc | Method and apparatus for remote gaming |
US7008318B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2006-03-07 | Walker Digital, Llc | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US7179168B1 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2007-02-20 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events |
US6607439B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2003-08-19 | Walker Digital, Llc | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US6024640A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 2000-02-15 | Walker Asset Management Limited Partnership | Off-line remote lottery system |
US6942570B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2005-09-13 | Walker Digital, Llc | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US7887405B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2011-02-15 | Walker Digital, Llc | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US5871398A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1999-02-16 | Walker Asset Management Limited Partnership | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US6402614B1 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2002-06-11 | Walker Digital, Llc | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US7285045B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2007-10-23 | Walker Digital, Llc | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US7303468B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2007-12-04 | Walker Digital, Llc | Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill |
US7878894B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2011-02-01 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events |
US7867076B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2011-01-11 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events |
US7874906B2 (en) | 1995-06-30 | 2011-01-25 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events |
US6964611B2 (en) | 1996-12-30 | 2005-11-15 | Walker Digital, Llc | System and method for automated play of lottery games |
US7452270B2 (en) | 2000-06-29 | 2008-11-18 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods for presenting an outcome amount via a total number of events |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH07506989A (en) | 1995-08-03 |
KR950701105A (en) | 1995-02-20 |
EP0631676A1 (en) | 1995-01-04 |
CA2117694A1 (en) | 1993-09-30 |
EP0631676A4 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
US5729212A (en) | 1998-03-17 |
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