WO1993011450A1 - Composition for solid scintillation, production and application thereof, and measurement method using the same - Google Patents
Composition for solid scintillation, production and application thereof, and measurement method using the same Download PDFInfo
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- WO1993011450A1 WO1993011450A1 PCT/JP1992/001519 JP9201519W WO9311450A1 WO 1993011450 A1 WO1993011450 A1 WO 1993011450A1 JP 9201519 W JP9201519 W JP 9201519W WO 9311450 A1 WO9311450 A1 WO 9311450A1
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- Prior art keywords
- scintillation
- scintillator
- solid
- composition
- measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/203—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being made of plastics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/204—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a liquid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition for solid scintillation, a method for producing the same, a use thereof, and a measuring method using the composition.
- the present invention relates to a composition for solid scintillation, a method for producing the same, a use thereof, and a measuring method using the composition.
- phosphorus 3 2 (3 2 P), Application Benefits um H), carbon 1 4 (1 4 C) when accurately measuring the radiation dose of radioactive material low level, such as is normally liquid scintillation Yong force Unta Used.
- a fluorescent agent such as DPO or P0P0P and an emulsifier such as Triton X100 are added to an organic solvent such as toluene or dioxane.
- a so-called scintillation cocktail is prepared, a sample containing the radioactive substance to be measured is dissolved and dispersed in the scintillation cocktail, and the radiation dose is measured using a liquid scintillation counter. .
- glass containers can be reused if they are thoroughly cleaned, but those who clean at the time of this cleaning are often exposed to a very small amount of radiation, thus increasing the safety of the experimenter. From the viewpoint of securing, there was a strong demand for a safe measurement method.
- a glass vial was made into a plastic container, and a green bag was provided inside the container, and the radioactive material to be measured was contained in the inner bag.
- a liquid scintillator in which a sample is dissolved is put in, and measurement is performed using a liquid scintillation counter.
- the plastic container is not contaminated by radioactive material and can be reused without cleaning.
- the inner bag is contaminated by the radioactive material contained in the sample, so the inner bag must be disposed of. Must.
- the disposal of the liquid scintillator is not improved at all compared to the experiment using the conventional liquid scintillation counter, and a large amount of liquid scintillator is used as in the conventional method. It must be disposed of as radioactive waste.
- the Thirenkov counting method is known as a measurement method that can reuse a sample, and is used as a simple method for measuring low-level radioactive substances.
- this method has problems in measuring low levels of radioactivity due to the very low counting efficiency, and has the disadvantage of being significantly affected by color quenching (Kaneko Takao et al .: Radioisotopes, 28, 28-30 (1979) and Makoto Takigami et al .: Radioisotopes, 38, 263-266 (1978)).
- this method has the disadvantage that 3 H cannot be measured at all.
- the degree of surface contamination is determined by wiping the contaminated surface with a filter paper for smear inspection, immersing the filter paper in a large amount of liquid scintillator (about 5-1 ml) placed in a measuring container, This container is mounted as a sample on a liquid scintillation counter and its radiation dose is measured.
- liquid scintillator about 5-1 ml
- the surface of the filter paper may be peeled off, which may even increase the contamination of radionuclides.
- peeling sufficiently reduced wiping efficiency of the radionuclide with the reporting of the effect has been made (Takehiko Shimizu like: health physics, 20, 139-143 (1985) and Akira Koizumi et al .: Radioisotopes, 24, 55-57 (1975)).
- the present inventor has determined that the reuse of radioactive materials and measurement containers is an indispensable factor for radiation measurement in an unsealed radiation handling experimental facility. Reuse radioactive materials and measuring containers based on the basic idea that reuse of substances and measuring containers will also lead to reduction of radioactive waste
- the emulsified scintillator used as a liquid scintillator was solidified, and this was used as a solid scintillator.
- the present inventors have found that the various disadvantages of the conventional technology can be eliminated, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention can be applied to the measurement of the degree of surface contamination by radioactive substances and to autoradiography, and have completed another embodiment of the present invention.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a composition for solid scintillation characterized by using a solid scintillator obtained by solidifying an emulsified scintillator used as a liquid scintillator with a solid scintillator solidifying agent. It is to provide.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a composition for solid scintillation.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a use of the composition for solid scintillation in which the obtained composition for solid scintillation is used for scintillation measurement and autoradiography. .
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring a radioactive substance using the obtained composition for solid scintillation.
- composition for solid scintillation comprises an emulsified scintillator (A) used as a liquid scintillator and an emulsified scintillator solidifying agent (B).
- emulsifying scintillator refers to liquid scintillation A scintillator used in a liquid scintillation measuring method, and is composed of, for example, a solvent for liquid scintillator, a fluorescent agent, and an emulsifier.
- emulsified scintillator solidifying agent refers to a substance capable of solidifying the above-mentioned emulsified scintillator, and is made of, for example, a plastic resin or a gelatinous substance.
- scintillation measurement / sensitizer refers to a substance which has an effect of adding to a measurement sample to increase the sensitivity of the measurement sample to autoradiography.
- scintillation sensitized emulsion refers to an emulsion having an effect of sensitizing the sensitivity of a light-sensitive material used for autoradiography of a measurement sample.
- Examples of the solvent of the emulsified scintillator (A) used in the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention include aromatic hydrocarbons, particularly alkylbenzene compounds such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, and methoxybenzene (anisole). Alkoxybenzene compounds, cyclic hydrocarbons, and especially cycloalkanes such as phenylcyclohexane are exemplified. It is also possible to use an ether compound such as dioxane, but in this case, naphthalene is often used in combination to improve the energy transfer efficiency.
- any of those used in solutes of conventional liquid scintillators can be used.
- fluorescent agents include oligophenylene-based compounds such as p-terphenyl, p-quarterphenyl, p-quarterphenyl such as BI BUQ, and 2,5-diphenyloxazole (DP0 ), 1, 4-bis-1- (5-phenyloxyzazolyl) benzene (POPOP), 1,4-bis-1- (4-methyl 5-phenyloxazolyl) benzene (DMPOPOP) Oxazole-based compounds such as 2- (phenyl) -15- (4-biphenyl) -15- (4-biphenyl Ryl) 1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD), 2- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -15- (4-biphenyl) 15- (4-biphenyl) 1-1,3 P-bis (0-methyls
- nonionic surfactants can be used frequently.
- examples thereof include polyethylene glycol ethers, polyethylene glycol ester, and ethylene glycol.
- Specific examples of such nonionic surfactants include, for example, Triton X-100 (manufactured by Rohm And Haas), Triton N-101 (manufactured by Mouth Haas), and Stetin.
- Rox NJ Monsanto
- Nonion NS—210 Nonion Chemical
- Liposox NCJ Liposox NCJ (Lion Oil), etc.
- Triton-based ones are particularly popular.
- the solvent, the fluorescent agent, and the emulsifier used in the emulsifying scintillator (A) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ratio of the solvent, the fluorescent agent, and the emulsifier may be the ratio of the solvent, the fluorescent agent, and the emulsifier used in the ordinary liquid scintillator.
- Standard scintillators include, for example, a solution prepared by diluting 6 g of DP 04 and 0.1-0.2 g of POP OP or 0.2-0.5 g of dimethyl POPOP to 1 with toluene or xylene. 6 g and bis-MSB 0.3-1. Og diluted to 1 ⁇ with toluene or xylene.
- an emulsifying scintillator for example, DP 07 g and bis-MSB 1.5 g can be combined with toluene or para-xylene 65% to 70% and the above nonionic surfactant 35% to 30% to 1 pound. Emulsions and the like diluted as appropriate are mentioned.
- the emulsified scintillator solidifying agent (B) used for producing the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention the emulsified scintillator can be solidified and the radioactive nuclide to be measured can be used.
- the solidifying agent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the measurement due to absorption of radioactivity, and any solidifying agent can be used.
- the emulsified scintillator solidifying agent (B) examples include a plastic resin and a gelatinous substance.
- specific examples of the above plastic resin include, for example, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin and the like.
- a secondary epoxy resin there may be mentioned, for example, epicoat.
- a curing agent is usually used for curing.
- the curing agent include polyamines such as tetraethylenepentamine and polyamides. It is.
- Examples of the scintillation measurement sensitizer for autoradiography include, for example, a composition for solid scintillation comprising the above-mentioned emulsified scintillator and a gelatinous substance. Can be used. Therefore, the amount of radioactivity in the measurement sample to which the above-mentioned scintillation measurement sensitizer has been added is measured after exposure to a photosensitive forest material such as an X-ray film conventionally used in autoradiography. You.
- the scintillation sensitized emulsion includes, for example, a photographic emulsion or a photosensitizer added to a solid scintillation composition comprising the emulsified scintillator and a gelatinous substance. After being processed as a coating film, it is used for measuring radioactivity from radionuclides in a measurement sample by autoradiography.
- a sensitizer silver halide is mainly used, and a photographic emulsion is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the measurement by absorbing radioactivity.
- NR-M2 Any commercially available photographic emulsion can be used.
- gelatinous substance in the emulsifying scintillator-solidifying agent (B) agar, pectin, casein and the like can be mentioned, and agar is particularly preferable.
- a gelatinous substance is particularly useful when a composition for solid scintillation is used for autoradiography.
- a gelatinous substance may be used as necessary.
- the ratio of the emulsified scintillator (A) and the emulsified scintillator solidifying agent (B) is determined by using a secondary epoxy resin as the emulsifying scintillator solidifying agent (B).
- the ratio of the secondary epoxy resin 10 to 50, preferably 20 to 40, based on the ratio of the emulsifying scintillator (A) 100, and the curing agent is 1 to 1 It is good to mix at a ratio of 0, preferably 2 to 5.
- the gelatinous substance when used as the emulsifying scintillator solidifying agent (B), it is sufficient that the gelatinous substance is sufficient to solidify the emulsifying scintillator. It is natural that the ratio varies depending on the type of the emulsified scintillator, but it is sufficient if the ratio is within the range of 0.1% to 20%, preferably 0.5% to; is there.
- the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention can be obtained by mixing and solidifying the above-mentioned emulsified scintillator (A) and the emulsified scintillator solidifying agent (B). That is, first, the above-mentioned composition for solid scintillation is prepared by mixing a predetermined amount of each of the above-mentioned solvent, fluorescent agent and emulsifier to form an emulsified scintillator (A), and emulsified in the obtained emulsified scintillator (A).
- It may be prepared by adding a scintillator solidifying agent (B) and solidifying it, or by adding an emulsified scintillator (A) to the emulsified scintillator solidifying agent (B) and solidifying it.
- the temperature at which the composition for solid scintillation is prepared is not particularly limited, and may be room temperature. Or heating is sufficient.
- the solid scintillation composition obtained as described above can be processed to suit scintillation measurements, autoradiography or other suitable uses. That is, when used for scintillation measurement, the obtained composition for solid scintillation is processed into, for example, a solid scintillator holder or a solid scintillation filter paper. On the other hand, when used for autoradiography, the obtained composition for solid scintillation can be used, for example, as a scintillation measurement / sensitizer or scintillation sensitized emulsion.
- a plastic product such as a workpiece such as a measurement holder such as a cell for loading a sample to be measured is used. It can be carried out by using a usual method for molding the resin. That is, such a processed product such as a solid scintillator holder is formed into a predetermined shape by a conventional method before the composition for solid scintillation obtained by the method described above is solidified, or is solidified. After that, it can be obtained by processing into a predetermined shape by an ordinary method.
- the work piece such as the above-mentioned solid scintillator holder, into which the sample to be measured is loaded, is separated from the measurement vessel (vial) of the liquid scintillation counter, so that the measurement vessel is contaminated by radioactive substances contained in the sample. It can be reused because it is not done.
- Other workpieces such as holders are contaminated by radioactive substances contained in the measured sample, but can be reused by washing.
- the scintillator since the scintillator is used in a solid state, unlike the liquid scintillation, it is not necessary to dilute the sample with the liquid scintillator, and the scintillator is contaminated with radioactive substances and radioactive The amount of radioactive waste can be significantly reduced because it does not need to be treated as waste liquid. As a result, radioactive waste This can significantly reduce the time and effort required for treatment of wastewater, and is extremely useful in terms of environmental issues. Further, a processed product such as a solid scintillator holder obtained by processing the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention as described above is less affected by color quenching (red dye and blue dye). It is very useful for measuring low-level radioactive materials.
- solid scintillator paper obtained by processing the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention may be used as a filter paper for smear inspection conventionally used for measuring the degree of surface contamination. It can be obtained by solidifying the composition for solid scintillation by the method described above.
- the surface of the solid scintillator filter paper is preferably provided with irregularities so that the contaminated surface can be easily wiped off.
- the use of the solid scintillator filter paper obtained according to the present invention not only prevents the spread of contamination due to the separation of the filter paper surface, which is a problem in the conventional filter paper for smear inspection, but also prevents the conventional filter from being used.
- the filter paper can be treated as flammable radioactive waste, which is extremely useful in treating radioactive waste compared to non-combustible radioactive waste.
- the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention when used as a scintillation measuring agent for autoradiography and as a sensitizer or a scintillation-sensitized emulsion, it can be used for autoradiography without the need for a liquid scintillator. Since the radionuclide to be used can be measured, it is extremely useful in the treatment of radioactive waste without producing liquid scintillator waste liquid. Further, when the scintillation sensitizer or the scintillation sensitized emulsion according to the present invention is used, radioactivity can be measured in a very short exposure time as compared with conventional autoradiography, and the radioactivity can be measured. The feeling effect can also be increased.
- the scintillation sensitizer or the scintillation-sensitized emulsion of the present invention may be a conventional fluorography. Compared to expensive fluorescent sensitizers such as single-use sensitizers, they are extremely advantageous because they can be produced at extremely low cost.
- the scintillation sensitizer according to the present invention is obtained by treating the fluorescent agent contained in the scintillation sensitizer with water and adding the obtained scintillation sensitizer to a sample for measurement, thereby obtaining a microautoradio. It has been found that the exposure time of the graph is significantly reduced.
- a scintillation sensitized emulsion which can greatly reduce the exposure time required for microautoradiography can be obtained.
- the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention is used as a scintillation sensitized emulsion
- the obtained composition for solid scintillation is processed into a film for radiation exposure by a conventional method, or A conventional X-ray film can be coated.
- the exposure time can be significantly reduced compared to conventional autoradiography using X-ray film.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an example of such a solid scintillator one coater holder present invention
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the energy's vector of 32 P
- 3 figures 3 H and " 4 is a graph showing an energy spectrum of C. 1 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- Toluene 3,2,5, -Diphenyloxazole (DPO) 12 g, 1,4-bis-1 2- (5-phenyloxazolyl) benzene (P0P0P) 0 3 g and Triton X-100.1.5 were mixed to prepare an emulsified scintillator, and about 10 Om1 of the obtained emulsified scintillator was heated on a water bath at 80 ° C while the episitism was added. 36 ml of resin epoxy 828 (manufactured by Yuka Shell) and 4 ml of tetraethylenepentamine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) were added and mixed until uniform. The resulting mixture was left at 80 ° C. for about 3 hours to solidify.
- DPO diphenyloxazole
- P0P0P 1,4-bis-1 2- (5-phenyloxazolyl) benzene
- the mixture solidified as above was molded into a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 13 mm and a height of 10 mm, and a concave part with an inner diameter of 8 mm and a depth of 6 mm was formed at the center.
- the solid scintillator holder 1 was formed.
- a plastic container having an outer diameter of 8 mm, a height of 5 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm was prepared as an inner container 2 so as to fit into the recess, and a circular cover 3 having a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm was formed thereon. Made. These were combined to form a measurement container (measurement vial).
- the measurement container (measurement vial) was loaded into the liquid scintillation counter, the radioactivity of the sample was measured, and the average of the measured values and the standard deviation were determined. Furthermore, the energy spectrum when using a solid scintillator overnight holder was measured with a liquid scintillation counter.
- Table 1 shows the results of examining the 32 P counting efficiency measured with a liquid scintillation counter.
- Liquid scintillator R ead y cap Count value (cpm) Counting efficiency Count value (cpm) Counting efficiency
- Fig. 2 shows the result of examining the 32 P energy spectrum using a liquid scintillation counter.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the energy spectrum of 32 P, Te FIG odor, if the curve A the energy spectrum of 32 P in the water 5 m 1, curve B using the solid scintillator one coater holder And curve C shows the liquid scintillator Shows the case when used.
- the energy scan Bae spectrum of 3 2 P obtained from Cerenkov counting is that the are located lower energy, the energy spectrum of the 3 2 P in the case of using a solid scintillator one coater holder It was found to be on the high energy side and to be in the middle area when the Zirenkov coefficient method and liquid scintillator were used.
- the counting efficiency was about 67.4% to 68-6% when the solid scintillator holder was set upright in the measurement vial, whereas the solid scintillator holder was in contrast.
- the counting efficiency when measured with the holder on its side was about 67.0% to 68.6%. Therefore, it turned out that there was little difference between the two.
- the present invention color quencher counting value (cpm) counting efficiency
- Example 3 A solid scintillator overnight holder was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 To avoid the effects of the 1 mm thick plastic inner container attached to the solid scintillator holder, remove the inner container and put the sample directly into the solid scintillator holder. As a result, a calculation efficiency of about 90%, almost the same as that of Ready ca P, was obtained. The other measurement results were almost the same as those in Example 1.
- Example 3 Example 3:
- a solid scintillator holder was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that para-xylene was used instead of toluene in Example 1. Using this solid scintillator overnight holder, as in Example 1, the counting efficiency of 32 P, the effect of the inclination, and the effect of the color quencher were examined, and similar results were obtained.
- the counting efficiency of 32 P in this comparative example was about 34.5% to 36.7%, as is clear from Table 1.
- the energy spectrum of 32 P in the case of this comparative example is, as shown in Fig. 2, located at a lower energy side than in the case of using the solid scintillator holder and the case of using the liquid scintillator. There was found.
- Table 3 As a result of examining the influence of the color quencher in the same manner as in Example 1, it is clear from Table 3 that the comparative example is strongly affected regardless of the type of the color quencher. .
- Example 2 The measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sample used in Example 1 was added with 5 ml of a commercially available liquid scintillator (ACS-2, manufactured by Amersham) and added.
- ACS-2 a commercially available liquid scintillator
- the background measurement value was 38.0 ⁇ 3.0 O cpm.
- the counting efficiency of 32 P in this comparative example was about 90% to 92% as is clear from Table 1.
- the effect of the color quenchers was examined in the same manner as in Example 1, and as is clear from Table 3, the red quenchers were about 10%, and the blue quenchers were about 8%. Although a decrease in the numerical value was observed, the results were almost the same as in Example 1 for all the dyes.
- the measurement was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 using L- [2,3- 3 H] proline (185 MBq) as a radioactive substance as a starting material. That is, 3 H solutions of three different concentrations were prepared using the above starting materials.
- the resulting 3 H solution 25 mu 1 by a diameter 5 mm, attached to a glass filter having a thickness of 1 mm, to prepare a filter sample.
- the filter sample was placed in a solid scintillator holder, transferred to a measurement vial, and measured in the same manner as in Example 1 using a liquid scintillation counter (Model LS-1801, manufactured by Betzmann).
- Table 4 shows the 3 H counting efficiency when the solid scintillator holder according to the present invention was used.
- Example 2 the results obtained by adding 1% azocarmine G solution as red quencher 1 and measuring the results are shown in Table 5.
- Table 6 shows the results obtained by adding 10% of 1% aniline B solution as a blue quencher and adding 10 H1.
- Example 4 To the 3 H solution used in Example 4, 5 ml of toluene scintillator conventionally used as a liquid scintillator was added, and the measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 4.
- Example 4 the results obtained by adding 1% 1% azocarmin G solution as a red quencher and measuring the results are shown in Table 8.
- Example J4 The measurement was carried out in the same manner as in Example J4, except that a commercially available Readycap was used in place of the solid scintillator holder used in Example 4.
- the counting efficiency of 3 H in the case of this comparative example is as shown in Table 10.
- Example 4 the results obtained by adding 1% azocarmine G solution as a red quencher and measuring the results are shown in Table 11.
- Example 2 The measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using D— [ 14 C (U)] fructos (37 MBq) as a radioactive substance as a starting substance. That is, three different 14 C solutions were prepared using the above starting materials. Each of 25 ⁇ l of the obtained 14 C solution was attached to a glass filter having a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of lmm to prepare a filter sample. This filter sample was placed in a solid scintillator holder overnight, transferred to a measurement vial, and measured using a liquid scintillation counter (Model LS-1801, manufactured by Beckman) in the same manner as in Example 1. did.
- a liquid scintillation counter Model LS-1801, manufactured by Beckman
- Table 13 shows the counting efficiency of 14 C when the solid scintillator holder according to the present invention was used.
- Table 14 shows the measurement results obtained by adding ⁇ 1 of 1% azocarmine G solution as a red quencher.
- Example 5 To the 14 C solution used in Example 5, 5 ml of a toluene scintillator conventionally used as a liquid scintillator was added, and the measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 5.
- Example 5 the results obtained by adding 1% azocarmin G solution / i1 as a red quencher and measuring the results are shown in Table 17.
- Example 5 The measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 5, except that a commercially available Readycap was used instead of the solid scintillator holder used in Example 5.
- Table 19 shows the counting efficiency of 14 C in the case of this comparative example.
- Example 5 the results obtained by adding 1% azocarmine G solution as red quencher 1 and measuring the results are shown in Table 20.
- a sample for wiping was prepared as follows.
- the radionuclides used were 3 H, 14 C, and 12 SI , and an aqueous solution containing a predetermined amount of these was prepared.
- a predetermined amount of the aqueous solution was applied to an acrylic plate (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) with a diameter of about 5 mm, and a polychlorinated vinyl filter paper (Chiyoda Security Products) to obtain a known amount of contaminated surface.
- Each sample was dropped on each surface and allowed to dry naturally for 24 hours to prepare a sample for wiping.
- the experimental method used the above-mentioned solid scintillation filter paper to wipe off the radionuclide on the surface of the sample for wiping so that the wiping force would be as uniform as possible 10 times in front, back, left and right directions.
- the background value of the solid scintillation filter paper used in this example was 45 ⁇ 5 cpm for the liquid scintillation counter, and 18 ⁇ 4 cpm for the NaI scintillation counter.
- the use of the solid scintillation filter paper used in the present example would provide about three times the wiping efficiency as compared with the conventional smear filter paper. could be raised.
- the scintillation filter paper was covered with an X-ray film (XAR-5: manufactured by Kodak Co., Ltd.) and exposed for about 5 days, and developed and fixed by a conventional method.
- XAR-5 manufactured by Kodak Co., Ltd.
- Example 6 a solid scintillation filter paper was prepared and the wiping effect was examined in substantially the same manner as in Example 6 except that para-xylene was used instead of toluene. Approximately the same result as the wiping effect of the obtained solid scintillation filter paper was obtained.
- DP0 2, 5-diphenyloxazole
- POP 4-bis1-2- (5-phenyloxazolyl) benzene
- Ton X—100 While 1.5 ml of the mixed solution obtained by mixing 1.5 pounds was heated in a water bath at 80 ° C, 18 m 1 of epoxy resin Epicotyl 828 and 2 m 1 of tetraethylenepentamine were added. Then, the mixture was mixed until uniform, thereby preparing a scintillation sensitizer.
- the radiation dose was prepared 3 H sample to be 1 1 0 B q ⁇ 456 B q / 25 n 1.
- Table 24 shows the results obtained by infiltrating the above scintillation sensitizer into the 3 H sample and measuring it as it is with the above liquid scintillation counter.
- FIG. 3 shows the result of examining the energy spectrum of the scintillation sensitizer using a liquid scintillation counter.
- curve D conventional liquid scintillation - the energy scan Bae spectrum of a H in the terpolymer cocktail 5 m 1
- Curve E is the 3 H in the scintillation sensitizer in 0. 5 m l energy scan Bae Indicates a vector.
- Example 8 3 but using a conventional radioactive sample with the addition of liquid scintillation one coater cocktail 5 m 1 to H samples, in substantially the same manner as in Example 8, line autoradiography one and radioactivity measurement I got it.
- Example 8 as a radioactive sample, instead of a 3 H sample, 14 C (D— [ 14 C (U)]) fraction (37 MB q) was used in the range of 57 B q to 25 3 B q / Autoradiography and radioactivity measurement were carried out in the same manner as in Example 8, except that a product prepared by diluting to 25 ixl was used.
- scintillation Fig. 3 shows the results of examining the energy spectrum using the sensitizer.
- Curve F represents the energy spectrum of “C” in 5 ml of the conventional liquid scintillator cocktail
- curve E represents the energy spectrum of “C in 0.5 ml of the above scintillation sensitizer. Is shown.
- Example 9 but using radioactive sample with the addition of conventional liquid scintillation one coater cocktail 5 m 1 to 3 H sample in substantially the same manner as in Example 8, the auto-radiography one and radioactivity measurement went.
- FIG. 8 the result of examining the energy spectrum of the scintillation sensitizer in this comparative example is shown in FIG. According to the figure, the case of Embodiment 8 It can be seen that it is located on the higher energy side.
- the paraffin tissue section was deparaffinized with alcohol such as xylol, washed with water, and then added with an emulsion (Sakura NR-M2). After drying, the samples were exposed to X-ray film for 7 days at 14 ° C. Next, when the X-ray film was developed and fixed, and then stained, no isotope image was detected in any case.
- alcohol such as xylol
- a scintillation sensitizer containing three different concentrations of 3 H aqueous solution (694 Bq to 2400 BqZl0) was attached on a slide glass and dried. This surface was covered with a Lumirror film, and an X-ray film ( XAR-5 (manufactured by Kodak Co.) for 24 hours, 48 hours and 96 hours at 180. After the exposure was completed, the X-ray film was developed, fixed, and stained. The image was exposed even after the exposure time.
- XAR-5 manufactured by Kodak Co.
- a 3 H aqueous solution was attached on a slide glass and dried. When this was processed in the same manner as in Example 11, no light was detected in any case.
- the paraffin tissue section labeled with 3 H was deparaffinized with alcohol such as xylol, washed with water, dried with the above scintillation sensitized emulsion attached. Next, the sample was exposed to X-ray film at 14 ° C for 7 days, and then the X-ray film was developed, fixed, and stained. It turned out that it was.
- paraffin tissue sections were deparaffinized with alcohol such as xylol, washed with water, and then added with an emulsion (Sakura NR-M 2). After drying, the sample was exposed to X-ray film at 14 ° C for 7 days. Next, when the X-ray film was developed and fixed, and stained, no image of the isotope was detected in any case.
- alcohol such as xylol
- the composition for solid scintillation when the composition for solid scintillation is processed into, for example, a solid scintillator holder, not only the sample but also the solid scintillator holder can be reused.
- a major advantage is that the measurement vial loaded with the scintillator holder can be reused without washing.
- the solid scintillator holder or the like according to the present invention when used, a large amount of radioactive waste such as a liquid scintillator is not generated unlike the case of liquid scintillation, so that the radioactive waste is not treated. There is also a huge advantage.
- the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention when the composition for solid scintillation according to the present invention is processed into, for example, a solid scintillation filter paper and used for measuring the degree of surface contamination of radioactivity, a conventional liquid is used. Since a scintillator is not required, a large amount of radioactive waste is not generated, and the surface of the filter paper does not peel off unlike the conventionally used filter paper for inspection, which may further increase the surface contamination. No, there is a huge advantage.
- the solid scintillation according to the present invention can greatly reduce the exposure time compared to conventional methods, so that experimental results can be shortened for experimenters and others. This is extremely useful because it can be confirmed between the two.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3/360853 | 1991-12-06 | ||
JP36085391 | 1991-12-06 | ||
JP4/66586 | 1992-02-06 | ||
JP6658692 | 1992-02-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993011450A1 true WO1993011450A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
Family
ID=26407782
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1992/001519 WO1993011450A1 (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1992-11-20 | Composition for solid scintillation, production and application thereof, and measurement method using the same |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0583475A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1993011450A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022187782A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2022-09-09 | Dupont Polymers, Inc. | Composite material and method for forming the composite material |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9325364D0 (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1994-02-16 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | A method and material for the detection of ionising radiation |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5625470B2 (ja) * | 1973-11-30 | 1981-06-12 | ||
JPS56132584A (en) * | 1980-03-21 | 1981-10-16 | Nippon Atom Ind Group Co Ltd | Radioactivity measuring method |
JPS577861A (en) * | 1980-06-13 | 1982-01-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Formation of molded body |
-
1992
- 1992-11-20 EP EP19920923990 patent/EP0583475A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-11-20 WO PCT/JP1992/001519 patent/WO1993011450A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5625470B2 (ja) * | 1973-11-30 | 1981-06-12 | ||
JPS56132584A (en) * | 1980-03-21 | 1981-10-16 | Nippon Atom Ind Group Co Ltd | Radioactivity measuring method |
JPS577861A (en) * | 1980-06-13 | 1982-01-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Formation of molded body |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022187782A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2022-09-09 | Dupont Polymers, Inc. | Composite material and method for forming the composite material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0583475A1 (en) | 1994-02-23 |
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