WO1993010920A1 - A spray apparatus having a hydraulic motor driven by the spray fluid - Google Patents
A spray apparatus having a hydraulic motor driven by the spray fluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993010920A1 WO1993010920A1 PCT/DK1991/000366 DK9100366W WO9310920A1 WO 1993010920 A1 WO1993010920 A1 WO 1993010920A1 DK 9100366 W DK9100366 W DK 9100366W WO 9310920 A1 WO9310920 A1 WO 9310920A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- gear
- spraying apparatus
- drive shaft
- wheel
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
- B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
- B05B3/04—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
- B05B3/0409—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements
- B05B3/0418—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements comprising a liquid driven rotor, e.g. a turbine
- B05B3/0422—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements comprising a liquid driven rotor, e.g. a turbine with rotating outlet elements
- B05B3/0445—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements comprising a liquid driven rotor, e.g. a turbine with rotating outlet elements the movement of the outlet elements being a combination of two movements, one being rotational
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/093—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by the force of jets or sprays
- B08B9/0936—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by the force of jets or sprays using rotating jets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spraying apparatus comprising a volumetric displacement machine driven by the spray fluid and located in a stationary housing, the drive shaft of said displacement machine being in driving connection with a housing which is rotatable about its axis and carries a nozzle housing rotatable about an axis transverse to said housing.
- the spraying apparatus according to the invention is especially developed with a view to be used as a tank cleaning machine. However, it is applicable in other cases where fluid is to be sprea over the entire solid angle.
- the rotating housing and nozzle housing of tank cleaning machines are usually driven by a turbine through which the cleaning fluid flows under pressure before it is carried to the nozzles.
- Turbines are distinguished by a simple construction, inexpensiveness, and a relatively great reliability of operation. However, they have cer * ain drawbacks when used for cleaning of tanks and similar spray purposes where a slow but safe rotation of the housing rotating about the drive shaft and the nozzle housing rotating about its axis, is required.
- the turbine operates with a number of revolutions which is inexpediently high for this purpose, for which reason it is necessary to build in a bulky and lubrication-demanding reduction gear and in addition to this it is difficult to effectively control the speed of the turbine, and it may stall (come to a standstill) if loaded too hard, e.g. by fi .ction.
- SUBSTITUTESHEET spraying apparatus of the kind referred to, which is not exhibiting the above mentioned drawbacks and which has other advantages over corresponding known devices comprising turbines or geared engines with a high number of revolutions.
- the spraying apparatus according to the invention is characteristic in that the displacement machine is a slowly rotating vane engine.
- An apparatus of this kind may be produced with a simple reduction gear of small dimensions, having few meshings and, therefore, small noise generation and friction and the spray quantity and, consequently, the speed of rotation is easily controlled by controlling the flow quantity of the supplied fluid, and the risk that the apparatus will come to a standstill because of friction is practically eliminated.
- the simple gear does not require lubrication to the same extent as the far more complicated reduction gears hitherto used, which comprise more gear-wheels or worms of metal, and that in many cases it is possible to produce the slowly operating gear wheels and the bearings of materials which are suited to be lubricated with the cleaning fluid, e.g. water.
- tank cleaning machines hitherto used are not well suited for use in tanks for foodstuffs, for example, because the reduction gears required for the turbines do not operate with sufficient reliability when lubricated by the cleaning fluid instead of oil. Oil cannot be used as lubricant because of the pollution risk.
- Figure 1 shows an axial section through an embodiment of the spraying apparatus according to the invention in the form of a tank cleaning machine
- Figure 2 is a section along the line II-II in Figure 1, schematically showing the hydraulic motor of the tank cleaning machine.
- the tank cleaning machine shown in the drawing comprises a stationary housing 2 closed by an end bottom 1 which is provided with an inlet nozzle 4 by means of which the apparatus is firmly mounted on a pipe conduit for supply of water or cleaning fluid under pressure to the interior of the housing 2.
- the water flows through an opening 5 in a top plate 3 into the driving chamber of a displacement motor wherein a number of regularly spaced shovels 6,7 is arranged in star-shape at a sleeve firmly connected by a pin 14 to a drive shaft 12 which is rotatably mounted in a slide bearing 9 in the top plate 3 and in a bottom bearing 13 at the end of a tubular guide 10.
- the _uide 10 forms an extension of or is firmly connected with a bottom plate 11 forming a wall in the driving chamber of the displacement motor and through which the water or cleaning fluid leaves the chamber through an outlet opening 8.
- the displacement motor for continuous rotation of the drive shaft 12 may be of any suitable kind but the drawing shows a preferred embodiment of a motor of simple construction and well suited for driving the shaft slowly so that a reduction gear, if at all necessary, may be constructed in a simple and cheap manner.
- the radially inner part of each shovel in the driving chamber consists of a stiff shovel blade 7 of metal carrying at the outer edge thereof a plate-shaped vane 6 capable of being bent backwards relative to the direction of rotation and consisting of an elastomeric material.
- the vanes 6 in a tightly closing manner abut the wall of the driving chamber which is quite circular-cylindrical over half of its circumference, the radius of which, however, is decreasing over the other half from the outlet opening 8 to the inlet opening 5 seen in the direction of rotation, the wall being covered by a driving block 17 which narrows in this direction, thereby causing the vanes 6 to bend backwards as indicated in Figure 2.
- the vanes 6 are passing through a displacement portion of the driving chamber in straightened position and through a lock portion in bent positions caused by the eccentric wall portion.
- a rotor of this kind is cheap to produce.
- a housing 16 with a bearing ring 18 is rotatably mounted in a bearing 19 at the lower side of the stationary housing 2 and is slowly rotated by the drive shaft 12 over a simple reduction gear.
- this reduction gear consists of a ring wheel in the shape of a gear rim 20 at the inner side of the wall of the housing 16, a sun wheel 21 in the shape of a toothing at the drive shaft 12, and a planet wheel 22, the shaft 23 of which is mounted in an arm 24 secured to the stationary guide 10. It will be understood that if necessary, more planet wheels may be inserted between the sun wheel and the ring wheel.
- a nozzle housing 25 is rotatably mounted about an axis at right angles to the drive shaft 12.
- the nozzle housing 25 is rotated by a conical gear-wheel 28 engaging a conical toothed rim 27 at the stationary guide 10.
- the nozzle housing 25 carries a plurality of, e.g. four, radially projecting nozzles 29 from which the cleaning fluid is ejected in all directions and during a complete cycle covers the entire solid angle.
- - jet-directing means 30 resp. 31 are mounted to counteract turbulence in the fluid.
- the number of teeth at the toothed rim 27 and the gear-wheel 28 is preferably so chosen that the movement of the nozzle housing 25 and thus the nozzles 29 are having an as long as possible "period" before their patte; ⁇ of motion repeats its -f. This ensures that the surfaces to be sprayed are covered with fluid in the densest possible pattern.
- a commonly used suitable principle consists in constructing the two gear-wheels with a number of teeth diverging by one tooth.
- the tank cleaning machine simply functions by the cleaning fluid being carried to the machine under a suitable pressure.
- the pressure forces the fluid through the rotor and further out through the housing 16 and the nozzles 29 and, the motor being a displacement motor, the number of revolutions of the machine is directly proportional with the fluid flow in the pipe conduit.
- the simple gear-wheels and bearings of th- spraying apparatus may be made of a material tolerating lubrication by the cleaning medium used; in many cases, for example, bearings of carbon or a plastic material, such as teflon, may be used. In most cases, if the cleaning fluid is water, a plastic material may be used for the bearings and gear- wheels, which is suited for being lubricated by water.
- a plastic material may be used for the bearings and gear- wheels, which is suited for being lubricated by water.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
Abstract
A spraying apparatus consists of a stationary housing (2) and a housing (16) rotatably mounted at said stationary housing. A slowly operating hydraulic motor in the shape of a displacement machine is arranged in said housing (2), the drive shaft (12) of said motor driving the rotatable housing (16) over a reduction gear (20, 21, 22). At the rotatable housing (16) a nozzle housing (25) with nozzles (29) is rotatably mounted about an axis arranged transversely to the drive shaft (12). When the housing (16) is rotating, the nozzle housing (25) is rotated by meshing between a toothed rim (27) at a stationary guide (10) and a conical gearwheel (28) at the nozzle housing (25).
Description
A SPRAY APPARATyS_HA\/ING_A_HYDRAyα _MDTQR_gRIVE _
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a spraying apparatus comprising a volumetric displacement machine driven by the spray fluid and located in a stationary housing, the drive shaft of said displacement machine being in driving connection with a housing which is rotatable about its axis and carries a nozzle housing rotatable about an axis transverse to said housing. The spraying apparatus according to the invention is especially developed with a view to be used as a tank cleaning machine. However, it is applicable in other cases where fluid is to be sprea over the entire solid angle.
BACKGROUND OF ART
The rotating housing and nozzle housing of tank cleaning machines are usually driven by a turbine through which the cleaning fluid flows under pressure before it is carried to the nozzles. Turbines are distinguished by a simple construction, inexpensiveness, and a relatively great reliability of operation. However, they have cer* ain drawbacks when used for cleaning of tanks and similar spray purposes where a slow but safe rotation of the housing rotating about the drive shaft and the nozzle housing rotating about its axis, is required. The turbine operates with a number of revolutions which is inexpediently high for this purpose, for which reason it is necessary to build in a bulky and lubrication-demanding reduction gear and in addition to this it is difficult to effectively control the speed of the turbine, and it may stall (come to a standstill) if loaded too hard, e.g. by fi .ction.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to provide a
SUBSTITUTESHEET
spraying apparatus of the kind referred to, which is not exhibiting the above mentioned drawbacks and which has other advantages over corresponding known devices comprising turbines or geared engines with a high number of revolutions. The spraying apparatus according to the invention is characteristic in that the displacement machine is a slowly rotating vane engine.
An apparatus of this kind may be produced with a simple reduction gear of small dimensions, having few meshings and, therefore, small noise generation and friction and the spray quantity and, consequently, the speed of rotation is easily controlled by controlling the flow quantity of the supplied fluid, and the risk that the apparatus will come to a standstill because of friction is practically eliminated. Further, it is advantageous that the simple gear does not require lubrication to the same extent as the far more complicated reduction gears hitherto used, which comprise more gear-wheels or worms of metal, and that in many cases it is possible to produce the slowly operating gear wheels and the bearings of materials which are suited to be lubricated with the cleaning fluid, e.g. water. The tank cleaning machines hitherto used are not well suited for use in tanks for foodstuffs, for example, because the reduction gears required for the turbines do not operate with sufficient reliability when lubricated by the cleaning fluid instead of oil. Oil cannot be used as lubricant because of the pollution risk.
Embodiments and constructive features of the spraying apparatus according to the invention are set forth in the dependent patent claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following detailed portion of the present specification, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which
Figure 1 shows an axial section through an embodiment
of the spraying apparatus according to the invention in the form of a tank cleaning machine, and
Figure 2 is a section along the line II-II in Figure 1, schematically showing the hydraulic motor of the tank cleaning machine.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The tank cleaning machine shown in the drawing comprises a stationary housing 2 closed by an end bottom 1 which is provided with an inlet nozzle 4 by means of which the apparatus is firmly mounted on a pipe conduit for supply of water or cleaning fluid under pressure to the interior of the housing 2. The water flows through an opening 5 in a top plate 3 into the driving chamber of a displacement motor wherein a number of regularly spaced shovels 6,7 is arranged in star-shape at a sleeve firmly connected by a pin 14 to a drive shaft 12 which is rotatably mounted in a slide bearing 9 in the top plate 3 and in a bottom bearing 13 at the end of a tubular guide 10. The _uide 10 forms an extension of or is firmly connected with a bottom plate 11 forming a wall in the driving chamber of the displacement motor and through which the water or cleaning fluid leaves the chamber through an outlet opening 8.
The displacement motor for continuous rotation of the drive shaft 12 may be of any suitable kind but the drawing shows a preferred embodiment of a motor of simple construction and well suited for driving the shaft slowly so that a reduction gear, if at all necessary, may be constructed in a simple and cheap manner. The radially inner part of each shovel in the driving chamber consists of a stiff shovel blade 7 of metal carrying at the outer edge thereof a plate-shaped vane 6 capable of being bent backwards relative to the direction of rotation and consisting of an elastomeric material. The vanes 6 in a tightly closing manner abut the wall of the driving chamber which is quite circular-cylindrical over
half of its circumference, the radius of which, however, is decreasing over the other half from the outlet opening 8 to the inlet opening 5 seen in the direction of rotation, the wall being covered by a driving block 17 which narrows in this direction, thereby causing the vanes 6 to bend backwards as indicated in Figure 2. In other words, the vanes 6 are passing through a displacement portion of the driving chamber in straightened position and through a lock portion in bent positions caused by the eccentric wall portion. A rotor of this kind is cheap to produce.
A housing 16 with a bearing ring 18 is rotatably mounted in a bearing 19 at the lower side of the stationary housing 2 and is slowly rotated by the drive shaft 12 over a simple reduction gear. In the embodiment shown, this reduction gear consists of a ring wheel in the shape of a gear rim 20 at the inner side of the wall of the housing 16, a sun wheel 21 in the shape of a toothing at the drive shaft 12, and a planet wheel 22, the shaft 23 of which is mounted in an arm 24 secured to the stationary guide 10. It will be understood that if necessary, more planet wheels may be inserted between the sun wheel and the ring wheel.
By means of bearings 26 in the rotatable housing 16, a nozzle housing 25 is rotatably mounted about an axis at right angles to the drive shaft 12. When the housing 2 is rotating, the nozzle housing 25 is rotated by a conical gear-wheel 28 engaging a conical toothed rim 27 at the stationary guide 10. The nozzle housing 25 carries a plurality of, e.g. four, radially projecting nozzles 29 from which the cleaning fluid is ejected in all directions and during a complete cycle covers the entire solid angle. In the nozzle housing and in the nozzles,- jet-directing means 30 resp. 31 are mounted to counteract turbulence in the fluid.
The number of teeth at the toothed rim 27 and the gear-wheel 28 is preferably so chosen that the movement of the nozzle housing 25 and thus the nozzles 29 are having an
as long as possible "period" before their patte; ~ι of motion repeats its -f. This ensures that the surfaces to be sprayed are covered with fluid in the densest possible pattern. A commonly used suitable principle consists in constructing the two gear-wheels with a number of teeth diverging by one tooth.
In use, the tank cleaning machine simply functions by the cleaning fluid being carried to the machine under a suitable pressure. The pressure forces the fluid through the rotor and further out through the housing 16 and the nozzles 29 and, the motor being a displacement motor, the number of revolutions of the machine is directly proportional with the fluid flow in the pipe conduit.
The simple gear-wheels and bearings of th- spraying apparatus may be made of a material tolerating lubrication by the cleaning medium used; in many cases, for example, bearings of carbon or a plastic material, such as teflon, may be used. In most cases, if the cleaning fluid is water, a plastic material may be used for the bearings and gear- wheels, which is suited for being lubricated by water. The too early wearing of the parts, which is a problem often connected with tank cleaning mach_nes which usually require oil lubrication and where it is necessary to abandon oil lubrication in order to avoid oil in food tanks, is thereby avoided.
Claims
1. A spraying apparatus comprising a volumetric displacement machine driven by the spray fluid and located in a stationary housing (2) , the drive shaft (12) of said displacement machine being in driving connection with a housing (16) which carries a rotating nozzle housing (25) , characterized in that the displacement machine is a slowly rotating vane engine.
2. A spraying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the drive shaft (12) of the vane engine over a gear-wheel reduction gear (20,21,22) being in driving connection with a toothed ring wheel (20) secured within the rotatable housing (16) .
3. A spraying apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the gear-wheel reduction gear is a planet gear comprising a sun wheel (21) rotating with the drive shaft and one or more planet wheels (22) between the sun wheel and the ring wheel (20) at the rotatable housing (16).
4. A spraying apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement machine comprises a number of shovels regularly spaced about the drive shaft (12) and each consisting of a stiff shovel blade (7) secured to said shaft, said shovel blade at the radially uttermost end thereof carrying a plate-shaped vane capable of being bent backwards relative to the direction of rotation, and said vane with the radially uttermost edge thereof abutting against the cylindrical wall of a driving chamber, said wall comprising between an outlet opening (8) and an inlet opening (5) thereof an eccentric part, the radius of curvature of which decreases in the direction of rotation.
5. A spraying apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that gear-wheels and bearings are made of a material which is suited to be lubricated by the cleaning fluid passing through, e.g. water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DK1991/000366 WO1993010920A1 (en) | 1991-11-29 | 1991-11-29 | A spray apparatus having a hydraulic motor driven by the spray fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DK1991/000366 WO1993010920A1 (en) | 1991-11-29 | 1991-11-29 | A spray apparatus having a hydraulic motor driven by the spray fluid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993010920A1 true WO1993010920A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
Family
ID=8153703
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DK1991/000366 WO1993010920A1 (en) | 1991-11-29 | 1991-11-29 | A spray apparatus having a hydraulic motor driven by the spray fluid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO1993010920A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996037315A1 (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1996-11-28 | Michael Robinson | Device for cleaning the interior of a container |
| DE10024950C1 (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-07-19 | Frank Zeitler | Orbital washing head for container inside wall washing device has spherical jet head carrier provided with openings for mounting on carrier pipe and for supporting jet head |
| WO2002016045A1 (en) * | 2000-08-22 | 2002-02-28 | Bioquell Uk Limited | Fluid distribution system |
| EP2483002A1 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2012-08-08 | Gamajet Cleaning Systems Inc. | Rotary impingement cleaning apparatus for sanitary environments |
| CN110508577A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 深圳市华保科技有限公司 | A kind of quick bottle washer of hand-held |
| CN111821632A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-27 | 马鑫 | Spraying equipment for fire control |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2853978A (en) * | 1956-03-05 | 1958-09-30 | Elmer D Smyser | Improved fluid motor |
| US3416732A (en) * | 1967-06-05 | 1968-12-17 | Purex Corp Ltd | Washing apparatus for enclosed spaces |
| US3544012A (en) * | 1968-08-26 | 1970-12-01 | Michael Mcnally | Pressure jet tank cleaner |
| WO1992004994A1 (en) * | 1990-09-20 | 1992-04-02 | Toftejorg A/S | Apparatus for the cleaning of a closed compartment |
-
1991
- 1991-11-29 WO PCT/DK1991/000366 patent/WO1993010920A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2853978A (en) * | 1956-03-05 | 1958-09-30 | Elmer D Smyser | Improved fluid motor |
| US3416732A (en) * | 1967-06-05 | 1968-12-17 | Purex Corp Ltd | Washing apparatus for enclosed spaces |
| US3544012A (en) * | 1968-08-26 | 1970-12-01 | Michael Mcnally | Pressure jet tank cleaner |
| WO1992004994A1 (en) * | 1990-09-20 | 1992-04-02 | Toftejorg A/S | Apparatus for the cleaning of a closed compartment |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996037315A1 (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1996-11-28 | Michael Robinson | Device for cleaning the interior of a container |
| DE10024950C1 (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-07-19 | Frank Zeitler | Orbital washing head for container inside wall washing device has spherical jet head carrier provided with openings for mounting on carrier pipe and for supporting jet head |
| WO2002016045A1 (en) * | 2000-08-22 | 2002-02-28 | Bioquell Uk Limited | Fluid distribution system |
| EP2483002A1 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2012-08-08 | Gamajet Cleaning Systems Inc. | Rotary impingement cleaning apparatus for sanitary environments |
| EP2483002A4 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2014-06-18 | Alfa Laval Tank Equipment Inc | Rotary impingement cleaning apparatus for sanitary environments |
| CN110508577A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 深圳市华保科技有限公司 | A kind of quick bottle washer of hand-held |
| CN111821632A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-27 | 马鑫 | Spraying equipment for fire control |
| CN111821632B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2021-11-23 | 诸暨华匠工程设计咨询有限公司 | Spraying equipment for fire control |
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