WO1993000546A1 - A connecting system - Google Patents

A connecting system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993000546A1
WO1993000546A1 PCT/AU1992/000300 AU9200300W WO9300546A1 WO 1993000546 A1 WO1993000546 A1 WO 1993000546A1 AU 9200300 W AU9200300 W AU 9200300W WO 9300546 A1 WO9300546 A1 WO 9300546A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
sleeve
connector
internal wall
adhesive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1992/000300
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephen Thomas Reynolds
Simon Karpeles
Original Assignee
Reinforced Plastics/Composites Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reinforced Plastics/Composites Pty Ltd filed Critical Reinforced Plastics/Composites Pty Ltd
Publication of WO1993000546A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993000546A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4865—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding containing additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B29C66/12261—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment the two joint-segments being bevelled, e.g. the two joint-segments forming a V
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12441—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being a single wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B29C66/12464—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12469—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being asymmetric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52292—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72143—Fibres of discontinuous lengths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to connecting together pipes and/or pipe fittings formed from composite materials comprising a fibre reinforcement and a continuous matrix.
  • fittings is herein understood to include bends, flanges, T-pieces and the like.
  • fibre reinforcement is herein understood to include any suitable reinforcement material in fibre form, such as glass and carbon fibres etc.
  • continuous matrix is herein understood to include any suitable material, such as cured resins.
  • Strapping is a procedure whereby the pipes and pipe fittings to be joined are butted together and are progressively externally lagged with fibre and resin until the joint is secured. This procedure has a number of disadvantages, and a selection of the disadvantages is discussed below.
  • the maximum pressure rating for a lagged joint is typically similar to the pressure rating of the pipes and pipe fittings.
  • the requirements for the resin may vary throughout the lagged joint and sometimes it is necessary to use unmatched resins with incompatible requirements, e.g. corrosion resistant resins and structural resins often require different hardeners and cure rates.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a system for connecting together pipes and pipe fittings formed from composite materials which alleviates the disadvantages of the known strapping procedure described in the preceding paragraphs.
  • the connecting system of the present invention has several aspects.
  • One aspect is a connector having particular structural characteristics which make it suitable for connecting together pipes and pipe fittings formed from composite materials, and another aspect is an adhesive composition which is particularly suitable for use with the connector.
  • a connector for a pipe or pipe fitting formed from a composite material comprising a fibre reinforcement and a continuous matrix, the connector comprising a sleeve having opposed ends, the sleeve having an internal wall which is formed so that an annular cavity for receiving an adhesive is defined by the internal wall and the pipe or pipe fitting when the ' pipe or pipe fitting is inserted into the sleeve.
  • the adhesive is applied to the pipe or pipe fitting and/or the internal wall so that when the pipe or pipe fitting is inserted into the sleeve the cavity is filled at least partially with the adhesive and the adhesive, on curing, seals and bonds the pipe or pipe fitting to the sleeve.
  • the internal wall of the sleeve comprises an inwardly directed annular projection.
  • the projection has an annular cut-out portion that opens towards one of the ends of the sleeve and defines part of the wall of the cavity.
  • the annular cavity is defined by the cut-out portion and the pipe or pipe fitting when the pipe or pipe fitting is inserted into the sleeve.
  • the cut-out portion is V- shape .
  • the projection and an adjacent section of the internal wall define part of the wall of the cavity. It is preferred particularly that the projection and the adjacent section of the internal wall define a V-shaped profile.
  • the adhesive on curing, exhibits a high degree of flexibility and bond strength without compromising the corrosion resistance of the joint.
  • the connector is integrally formed on the end of a pipe or pipe fitting and thereby is adapted for connecting the pipe or pipe fitting to another pipe or pipe fitting.
  • the connector is separate from the pipe or pipe fittings and the internal wall is shaped so that two annular cavities are formed by the internal wall and two pipes or pipe fittings when the pipes or pipe fittings are inserted into the sleeve.
  • an adhesive comprising, a vinyl ester resin, a plasticiser, and an additive to cause the adhesive to be water repellent, in amounts selected so that the adhesive, on curing, exhibits a high degree of flexibility and bond strength.
  • the adhesive comprises:
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through another preferred embodiment of a connector formed in accordance with the present invention with pipes positioned in the connector;
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through another preferred embodiment of a connector formed in accordance with the present invention with pipes positioned in the connector;
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through another preferred embodiment of a connector formed in accordance with the present invention with pipes positioned in the connector.
  • Figure 4 is a detailed view of the circled region of Figure 3 referenced with the letter "A";
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through another preferred embodiment of a connector formed in accordance with the present invention with pipes positioned in the connector.
  • each embodiment two pipes 4 formed from a composite material comprising a fibre reinforcement and a continuous matrix are connected together by means of preferred embodiments of a connector, generally identified by the numeral 3, of the present invention and an adhesive.
  • the connector 3 of each embodiment comprises a sleeve 5 having opposed ends 7 and an internal wall 8 which tapers inwardly from the opposed ends 7.
  • the preferred taper is in the range of 1 to 5 degrees.
  • the internal wall 8 of each embodiment comprises an inwardly directed annular projection 9.
  • the projection 9 comprises an end face 17 and opposed parallel side faces 19.
  • the projection 9 is formed so that two separate annular cavities 11 are defined by the internal wall 8, the side faces 19 of the projection 9, and the ends 15 of the pipes 4.
  • the purpose of the cavities 11 is to hold volumes of adhesive which can be absorbed into the ends 15 of the pipes 4, which are usually porous since the pipes 4 are formed from composite materials, and on curing seals the ends 15.
  • the side faces 19 of the projections 9 provide surfaces for the adhesive to contact so that on curing the adhesive bonds the ends 15 of the pipes 4 to the projections 9.
  • the projection 9 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 is the same as that shown in Figure 1 with the exception that the side faces 19 converge so that the projection 9 is generally V-shaped in transverse section.
  • the projection 9 in the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 is also the same as that shown in Figure 1 with the exception that the side faces 19 diverge from the internal wall 8. As a consequence, the side faces 19, the internal wall 8 and the ends 15 of the pipes 4 define closed cavities 11 for adhesive.
  • the projection 9 in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 is also the same as that shown in Figure 1 with the exception that the side faces 19 comprise V-shaped annular cut-out portions 21.
  • the cut-out portions 21 and the ends 15 of the pipes 4 define closed cavities 11 for adhesive.
  • the adhesive should exhibit a high degree of flexibility and bond strength without compromising the corrosion resistance of the joint formed by the connector 3. It has been found by the applicant that a particularly suitable adhesive comprises:
  • the connector is separate from the pipes and pipe fittings, it can readily be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to such a construction and extends to arrangements in which the connector is integrally formed as part of the pipes and pipe fittings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

A system for connecting together pipes and/or pipe fittings (4) formed from a composite material comprises a sleeve (5) having opposed ends (7). The sleeve (5) has an internal wall (8) which is formed so that an annular cavity (11), for receiving an adhesive, is defined by the internal wall (8) and the pipe or pipe fitting (4) when the pipe or pipe fitting (4) is inserted into the sleeve (5). In the preferred embodiment of the system the internal wall (8) has an inwardly directed annular projection (9).

Description

A CONNECTING SYSTEM
The present invention relates to connecting together pipes and/or pipe fittings formed from composite materials comprising a fibre reinforcement and a continuous matrix.
The term "fittings" is herein understood to include bends, flanges, T-pieces and the like.
The term "fibre reinforcement" is herein understood to include any suitable reinforcement material in fibre form, such as glass and carbon fibres etc.
The term "continuous matrix" is herein understood to include any suitable material, such as cured resins.
The current practice for connecting together pipes and/or pipe fittings from composite materials is by a procedure known as strapping. Strapping is a procedure whereby the pipes and pipe fittings to be joined are butted together and are progressively externally lagged with fibre and resin until the joint is secured. This procedure has a number of disadvantages, and a selection of the disadvantages is discussed below.
(a) A substantial amount of time, typically between
12 and 24 hours, is required to make a joint serviceable in view of the necessity to adequately cure the strapping before stressing the joint or allowing contact with the contained fluid.
(b) The maximum pressure rating for a lagged joint is typically similar to the pressure rating of the pipes and pipe fittings.
(c) Water must be excluded from the joint whilst it is being prepared and during the curing process.
(d) It is difficult to maintain alignment of the pipes and pipe fittings during the lagging process.
(e) The requirements for the resin may vary throughout the lagged joint and sometimes it is necessary to use unmatched resins with incompatible requirements, e.g. corrosion resistant resins and structural resins often require different hardeners and cure rates.
(f) Lagging of joints requires a large number of structural supports to maintain structural integrity and to meet engineering standards.
(g) Lagged joints can suffer from differential expansion during extreme temperature changes while curing occurs.
(h) Failure modes of lagged joints are often hazardous.
(i) Lagging of joints requires trained and experienced personnel to perform and inspect finished joint.
(j) The pipes and pipe fittings to be joined must be precision cut and the jointing surfaces thoroughly prepared in order to butt together accurately.
An object of the present invention is to provide a system for connecting together pipes and pipe fittings formed from composite materials which alleviates the disadvantages of the known strapping procedure described in the preceding paragraphs.
The connecting system of the present invention has several aspects. One aspect is a connector having particular structural characteristics which make it suitable for connecting together pipes and pipe fittings formed from composite materials, and another aspect is an adhesive composition which is particularly suitable for use with the connector.
According to the present invention there is provided a connector for a pipe or pipe fitting formed from a composite material comprising a fibre reinforcement and a continuous matrix, the connector comprising a sleeve having opposed ends, the sleeve having an internal wall which is formed so that an annular cavity for receiving an adhesive is defined by the internal wall and the pipe or pipe fitting when the ' pipe or pipe fitting is inserted into the sleeve.
In use, in order to connect the pipe or pipe fitting to the connector, the adhesive is applied to the pipe or pipe fitting and/or the internal wall so that when the pipe or pipe fitting is inserted into the sleeve the cavity is filled at least partially with the adhesive and the adhesive, on curing, seals and bonds the pipe or pipe fitting to the sleeve.
It is preferred that the internal wall of the sleeve comprises an inwardly directed annular projection.
In one arrangement, it is preferred that the projection has an annular cut-out portion that opens towards one of the ends of the sleeve and defines part of the wall of the cavity. With such an arrangement, the annular cavity is defined by the cut-out portion and the pipe or pipe fitting when the pipe or pipe fitting is inserted into the sleeve. It is preferred particularly that the cut-out portion is V- shape . In an alternative arrangement, it is preferred that the projection and an adjacent section of the internal wall define part of the wall of the cavity. It is preferred particularly that the projection and the adjacent section of the internal wall define a V-shaped profile.
It is preferred that the adhesive, on curing, exhibits a high degree of flexibility and bond strength without compromising the corrosion resistance of the joint.
It is preferred that the connector is integrally formed on the end of a pipe or pipe fitting and thereby is adapted for connecting the pipe or pipe fitting to another pipe or pipe fitting.
In an alternative arrangement, it is preferred that the connector is separate from the pipe or pipe fittings and the internal wall is shaped so that two annular cavities are formed by the internal wall and two pipes or pipe fittings when the pipes or pipe fittings are inserted into the sleeve.
According to the present invention there is also provided an adhesive comprising, a vinyl ester resin, a plasticiser, and an additive to cause the adhesive to be water repellent, in amounts selected so that the adhesive, on curing, exhibits a high degree of flexibility and bond strength.
It is preferred that the adhesive comprises:
85-95% vinyl ester resin; less than 1.0% plasticiser; 5-15% water repellent additive; 0.05-0.35% promoter; and 0.05-0.35 accelerator.
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through another preferred embodiment of a connector formed in accordance with the present invention with pipes positioned in the connector;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through another preferred embodiment of a connector formed in accordance with the present invention with pipes positioned in the connector;
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through another preferred embodiment of a connector formed in accordance with the present invention with pipes positioned in the connector.
Figure 4 is a detailed view of the circled region of Figure 3 referenced with the letter "A"; and
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through another preferred embodiment of a connector formed in accordance with the present invention with pipes positioned in the connector.
In each embodiment two pipes 4 formed from a composite material comprising a fibre reinforcement and a continuous matrix are connected together by means of preferred embodiments of a connector, generally identified by the numeral 3, of the present invention and an adhesive.
The connector 3 of each embodiment comprises a sleeve 5 having opposed ends 7 and an internal wall 8 which tapers inwardly from the opposed ends 7. The preferred taper is in the range of 1 to 5 degrees.
The internal wall 8 of each embodiment comprises an inwardly directed annular projection 9.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 the projection 9 comprises an end face 17 and opposed parallel side faces 19. The projection 9 is formed so that two separate annular cavities 11 are defined by the internal wall 8, the side faces 19 of the projection 9, and the ends 15 of the pipes 4. The purpose of the cavities 11 is to hold volumes of adhesive which can be absorbed into the ends 15 of the pipes 4, which are usually porous since the pipes 4 are formed from composite materials, and on curing seals the ends 15. In addition, the side faces 19 of the projections 9 provide surfaces for the adhesive to contact so that on curing the adhesive bonds the ends 15 of the pipes 4 to the projections 9.
The projection 9 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 is the same as that shown in Figure 1 with the exception that the side faces 19 converge so that the projection 9 is generally V-shaped in transverse section.
The projection 9 in the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 is also the same as that shown in Figure 1 with the exception that the side faces 19 diverge from the internal wall 8. As a consequence, the side faces 19, the internal wall 8 and the ends 15 of the pipes 4 define closed cavities 11 for adhesive.
The projection 9 in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 is also the same as that shown in Figure 1 with the exception that the side faces 19 comprise V-shaped annular cut-out portions 21. As a consequence, the cut-out portions 21 and the ends 15 of the pipes 4 define closed cavities 11 for adhesive.
The adhesive should exhibit a high degree of flexibility and bond strength without compromising the corrosion resistance of the joint formed by the connector 3. It has been found by the applicant that a particularly suitable adhesive comprises:
85-95% vinyl ester resin; less than 1.0% plasticiser 5-15% water repellent additive 0.05-0.35% promoter; and 0.05-0.35% accelerator.
The preferred embodiments of the connector of the present invention described above have a number of advantages over the known strapping procedure and a selection of the advantages is set out below.
(a) Substantial increase in rated pressure.
(b) Less skilled personnel for application and inspection.
(d) Greater corrosion resistance.
(e) Can be used with set pipes and high humidity.
(f) Greater mechanical integrity.
(g) Less structural support required. (h) Greater tolerances in cutting pipes or components.
Many modifications may be made to the preferred embodiments described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In this regard, it is noted that, whilst in the preferred embodiments described above the connector is separate from the pipes and pipe fittings, it can readily be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to such a construction and extends to arrangements in which the connector is integrally formed as part of the pipes and pipe fittings.

Claims

CLAIMS :
1. A connector for a pipe or pipe fitting formed from a composite material comprising a fibre reinforcement and a continuous matrix, the connector comprising a sleeve having opposed ends, the sleeve having an internal wall which is formed so that an annular cavity for receiving an adhesive is defined by the internal wall and the pipe or pipe fitting when the pipe or pipe fitting is inserted into the sleeve.
2. The connector defined in claim 1, wherein the internal wall of the sleeve tapers inwardly from at least one end of the sleeve.
3. The connector defined in claim 2, wherein the taper is between 1 and 5 degrees.
4. The connector defined in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the internal wall of the sleeve comprises an inwardly directed annular projection.
5. The connector defined in claim 4, wherein the projection has an annular cut-out portion that opens towards one of the ends of the sleeve and defines part of the wall of the cavity.
6. The connector defined in claim 5, wherein the cut¬ out portion is V-shaped.
7. The connector defined in claim 4, wherein the projection and an adjacent section of the internal wall define part of the wall of the cavity.
8. The connector defined in claim 7, wherein the projection and the adjacent section of the internal wall define a V-shaped profile.
9. A pipe or pipe fitting comprising the connector defined in any one of the preceding claims integrally formed on the end of a pipe or pipe fitting and adapted for connecting the pipe or pipe fitting to another pipe or pipe fitting.
10. An adhesive comprising, a vinyl ester resin, a plasticiser, and an additive to cause the adhesive to be water repellent, in amounts selected so that the adhesive, on curing, exhibits a high degree of flexibility and bond strength.
11. The adhesive defined in claim 10, comprising:
85-95% vinyl ester resin; less than 1.0% plasticiser;
5-15% water repellent additive;
0.05-0.35% promoter; and 0/05-0.35 accelerator.
PCT/AU1992/000300 1991-06-20 1992-06-22 A connecting system WO1993000546A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPK6759 1991-06-20
AUPK675991 1991-06-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993000546A1 true WO1993000546A1 (en) 1993-01-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1992/000300 WO1993000546A1 (en) 1991-06-20 1992-06-22 A connecting system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1993000546A1 (en)

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WO2017148800A1 (en) * 2016-03-03 2017-09-08 Construction Research & Technology Gmbh Pipe section joining member, pipe joint and elongated pipe
CN108953816A (en) * 2018-07-23 2018-12-07 河北环水塑胶管业有限公司 PVC-U winds effective bell and spigot joint
US11940068B2 (en) 2015-01-22 2024-03-26 Construction Research & Technology Gmbh Pipe joint, pipe and method of joining pipe sections

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11940068B2 (en) 2015-01-22 2024-03-26 Construction Research & Technology Gmbh Pipe joint, pipe and method of joining pipe sections
WO2017148800A1 (en) * 2016-03-03 2017-09-08 Construction Research & Technology Gmbh Pipe section joining member, pipe joint and elongated pipe
US10975996B2 (en) 2016-03-03 2021-04-13 Construction Research & Technology Gmbh Pipe section joining member, pipe joint and elongated pipe
CN108953816A (en) * 2018-07-23 2018-12-07 河北环水塑胶管业有限公司 PVC-U winds effective bell and spigot joint

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