WO1992019860A1 - Pressure booster for delivering diesel fuel to an injection nozzle - Google Patents

Pressure booster for delivering diesel fuel to an injection nozzle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992019860A1
WO1992019860A1 PCT/FI1992/000136 FI9200136W WO9219860A1 WO 1992019860 A1 WO1992019860 A1 WO 1992019860A1 FI 9200136 W FI9200136 W FI 9200136W WO 9219860 A1 WO9219860 A1 WO 9219860A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
pressure
line
confined
chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1992/000136
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Otto Mikael Ventin
Original Assignee
Sampower Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sampower Oy filed Critical Sampower Oy
Publication of WO1992019860A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992019860A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/105—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive hydraulic drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • Pressure booster for delivering Diesel fuel to an injection nozzle
  • the present invention relates to a pressure booster for delivering Diesel fuel to an injection nozzle.
  • the fuel In Diesel engine the fuel must be injected into a com ⁇ bustion chamber at a pressure which is sufficiently higher than the combustion chamber compression pressure. The higher the pressure to effect injection the more finely powdered fuel is received in the combustion cham ⁇ ber, which in turn results in a more complete combusticr. and cleaner exhaust gases.
  • the injection pressure car. also be used to bear an effect on the pattern for spread ⁇ ing the fuel in the combustion chamber.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a structurally simple and reliable pressure booster for multiplying the fuel inlet pressure as compared to that of the available pressure line.
  • fig. 1 shows a pressure booster of the invention in cross-section
  • fig. 2 shows a movable piston included ir. the pressure- booster.
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of a pressure, control and flow line pattern in which a pressure booster of the invention can be included.
  • the pressure booster comprises a block element 21 pro ⁇ vided with a stepped or staggered cylinder space 1, 2, 3 which includes a piston 4 reciprocable within a cer ⁇ tain range.
  • Piston 4 divides the cyliner space in at least three chambers 1, 2 and 3, confined respectively by at least three piston faces 5, 6 and 7 having un ⁇ equal surface areas.
  • the largest-piston surface 5 confines a chamber 1 which is in communication with a control pressure line 11 provided with a controllable valve 15 for switching the control pressure on and off.
  • This can be e.g. a high-speed digital valve whose initial position is either one of the positions shown in fig. 3.
  • valve 15 in its initial position con ⁇ nects said control pressure line 11 with a reservoir R, said piston 4 will be in its extreme right-hand position to perforrn its reciprocating stroke therefrom as valve 15 is momentarily flicked to its other position by means of an electric control pulse. If valve 15 in its initial position connects a control pressure 16 with control pressure line 11 , said piston 4 will be in its extreme left-hand position to perform its reciprocating stroke therefrom as valve 15 is momentarily flicked to its other position by means of an electric control pulse.
  • the second largest piston surface 6 confines a chamber 2 which is in communication with a pressure line 12, whose prevailing pressure as well as the difference i surface area between piston faces 6 and 7 determine the injection pressure for emerging fuel.
  • a piston face S for the time being and only referring o three above-mentioned piston faces 5, 6 and 7, a chamber 3 confined by the smallest piston face 7 is in communi ⁇ cation through one-way valves 9 and 10 on the one hand with a fuel delivery line 13 and on the other hand with a line leading to an injection nozzle 19.
  • the largest and smallest piston surfaces 5 and 7 are facing in the same direction and the second largest piston surface 6 faces in the opposite direction.
  • said piston is surrounded by a fourth piston face 8, con ⁇ fining a chamber which is only in communication with a runoff line 14, whereby the fuel bleeding therein can be returned to fuel reservoir R as all the above lines contain the same fuel. Since it is possible to allow a certain runoff between piston 4 and its surrounding cylinder faces, the result will be a sufficiently responsive piston.
  • the surface area of face 8 is in itself immaterial but its size can have an effect on the difference between surface areas 5 and 6.
  • the pressure booster will be operable, as explained hereinafter, even without a spring 16 in ⁇ cluded in chamber 2.
  • the spring 16 can be used either to intensify the hydraulic head of pressure line 12 or to replace entirely the use of hydraulic head as the source of an injection force. In the latter case, the surface area of face 6 of piston 4 has no significance relative to other surface areas.
  • the operation based solely on the force of spring 16 cannot achieve an optimum result at high operating speeds and pressure-boosting rates and, thus, a pressure line 12 is required.
  • a pressure accumulator associated therewith in order to maintain a constant pressure in the pres ⁇ sure line.
  • a pressure booster proceeds as follows.
  • a pressure line 11 is pressurized by switching a valve 15 from a right-hand position shown in fig. 3 to a left-hand position, said piston 4 travels to the left as the surface area of piston face 5 confining a cham ⁇ ber 1 is larger than that of piston face 6 confining a chamber 2.
  • the matching situation is achieved ir. an alternative embodiment by controlling the force cf a spring 16 to be less than the force applied by the con ⁇ trol pressure on surface 5.
  • the pressure of fuel in pressure line 12 and con ⁇ trol line 11 can be one and the same.
  • said piston 4 Upon traveling to the left, said piston 4 aspirates fuel into a high- pressure chamber 3 through a one-way valve 9.
  • a one-way valve 10 maintains a desired pressure in a pressure line 20 leading to said injection nozzle 19.
  • valve 15 and piston 4 ca be reversed.
  • said piston 4 effects a pumping stroke from left to right and returns to its extreme left-hand position as the control pressure is re-established in chamber 1.
  • the amount of fuel injected is deter ⁇ mined by the stroke length of piston 4 and thus, said amount can be changed by changing the stroke of piston 4.
  • Reference numeral 17 indicates a fuel pump and numeral 18 indicates a fuel filter.
  • a pump 17 is depicted separately in each line 11, 12, 13 although in practice said lines 11, 12, 13 can be branched from a common pump 17 as the same pressure can prevail in all the lines.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure booster for delivering Diesel fuel to an injection nozzle. A piston (4) movable in a steeped cylinder space divides the cylinder space in at least three chambers (1, 2, 3), confined respectively by at least three piston faces (5, 6, 7) having unequal surface areas. The largest and smallest piston surfaces (5, 7) are facing in the same direction and the chambers confined thereby are respectively in communication with a control pressure line (11) and with an injection nozzle. The second largest piston surface (6) faces in the opposite direction and a cylinder chamber (2) confined thereby is in communication with a pressure line (12). A fuel delivery line (13) is connected through a one-way valve (9) with a line leading to an injection nozzle. The reciprocating motion of piston (4) is produced by switching the control pressure on and off.

Description

Pressure booster for delivering Diesel fuel to an injection nozzle
The present invention relates to a pressure booster for delivering Diesel fuel to an injection nozzle.
In Diesel engine the fuel must be injected into a com¬ bustion chamber at a pressure which is sufficiently higher than the combustion chamber compression pressure. The higher the pressure to effect injection the more finely powdered fuel is received in the combustion cham¬ ber, which in turn results in a more complete combusticr. and cleaner exhaust gases. The injection pressure car. also be used to bear an effect on the pattern for spread¬ ing the fuel in the combustion chamber.
An object of the invention is to provide a structurally simple and reliable pressure booster for multiplying the fuel inlet pressure as compared to that of the available pressure line.
This object is achieved by means of the invention on the basis of the characterizing features set forth ir. the annexed claim 1.
One embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference made to the accompanying drawing, in which:
fig. 1 shows a pressure booster of the invention in cross-section and
fig. 2 shows a movable piston included ir. the pressure- booster. Fig. 3 shows an example of a pressure, control and flow line pattern in which a pressure booster of the invention can be included.
The pressure booster comprises a block element 21 pro¬ vided with a stepped or staggered cylinder space 1, 2, 3 which includes a piston 4 reciprocable within a cer¬ tain range. Piston 4 divides the cyliner space in at least three chambers 1, 2 and 3, confined respectively by at least three piston faces 5, 6 and 7 having un¬ equal surface areas. The largest-piston surface 5 confines a chamber 1 which is in communication with a control pressure line 11 provided with a controllable valve 15 for switching the control pressure on and off. This can be e.g. a high-speed digital valve whose initial position is either one of the positions shown in fig. 3. If valve 15 in its initial position con¬ nects said control pressure line 11 with a reservoir R, said piston 4 will be in its extreme right-hand position to perforrn its reciprocating stroke therefrom as valve 15 is momentarily flicked to its other position by means of an electric control pulse. If valve 15 in its initial position connects a control pressure 16 with control pressure line 11 , said piston 4 will be in its extreme left-hand position to perform its reciprocating stroke therefrom as valve 15 is momentarily flicked to its other position by means of an electric control pulse.
The second largest piston surface 6 confines a chamber 2 which is in communication with a pressure line 12, whose prevailing pressure as well as the difference i surface area between piston faces 6 and 7 determine the injection pressure for emerging fuel. Ignorinα a piston face S for the time being and only referring o three above-mentioned piston faces 5, 6 and 7, a chamber 3 confined by the smallest piston face 7 is in communi¬ cation through one-way valves 9 and 10 on the one hand with a fuel delivery line 13 and on the other hand with a line leading to an injection nozzle 19. The largest and smallest piston surfaces 5 and 7 are facing in the same direction and the second largest piston surface 6 faces in the opposite direction.
In addition to the above three piston surfaces, said piston is surrounded by a fourth piston face 8, con¬ fining a chamber which is only in communication with a runoff line 14, whereby the fuel bleeding therein can be returned to fuel reservoir R as all the above lines contain the same fuel. Since it is possible to allow a certain runoff between piston 4 and its surrounding cylinder faces, the result will be a sufficiently responsive piston. The surface area of face 8 is in itself immaterial but its size can have an effect on the difference between surface areas 5 and 6.
When the surface areas of piston 4 are selected as de¬ scribed above, the pressure booster will be operable, as explained hereinafter, even without a spring 16 in¬ cluded in chamber 2. However, the spring 16 can be used either to intensify the hydraulic head of pressure line 12 or to replace entirely the use of hydraulic head as the source of an injection force. In the latter case, the surface area of face 6 of piston 4 has no significance relative to other surface areas. However, the operation based solely on the force of spring 16 cannot achieve an optimum result at high operating speeds and pressure-boosting rates and, thus, a pressure line 12 is required.
Whenever a pressure line 12 is used, it is preferable to employ a pressure accumulator associated therewith in order to maintain a constant pressure in the pres¬ sure line.
The operation of a pressure booster proceeds as follows. When a pressure line 11 is pressurized by switching a valve 15 from a right-hand position shown in fig. 3 to a left-hand position, said piston 4 travels to the left as the surface area of piston face 5 confining a cham¬ ber 1 is larger than that of piston face 6 confining a chamber 2. The matching situation is achieved ir. an alternative embodiment by controlling the force cf a spring 16 to be less than the force applied by the con¬ trol pressure on surface 5.' When using a pressure line 12, the pressure of fuel in pressure line 12 and con¬ trol line 11 can be one and the same. Upon traveling to the left, said piston 4 aspirates fuel into a high- pressure chamber 3 through a one-way valve 9. A one-way valve 10 maintains a desired pressure in a pressure line 20 leading to said injection nozzle 19.
When said control line 11 is depressurized by switching valve 15 to a left-hand position shown in fig. 3, said piston 4 travels to the right since piston face 6 is larger than piston face 7 included in high-pressure chamber 3. The one-way valve 9 closes and the f el is flowing through one-way valve 10 to said fuel injection nozzle 19.
As already described above, the initial position and traveling direction of valve 15 and piston 4 ca be reversed. When the control pressure effecting cr. piston face 5 is momentarily eliminated, said piston 4 effects a pumping stroke from left to right and returns to its extreme left-hand position as the control pressure is re-established in chamber 1.
At each injection, the amount of fuel injected is deter¬ mined by the stroke length of piston 4 and thus, said amount can be changed by changing the stroke of piston 4.
Reference numeral 17 indicates a fuel pump and numeral 18 indicates a fuel filter. A pump 17 is depicted separately in each line 11, 12, 13 although in practice said lines 11, 12, 13 can be branched from a common pump 17 as the same pressure can prevail in all the lines.

Claims

Claims
1. A pressure booster for delivering Diesel fuel to an injection nozzle, said pressure booster comprising a stepped cylinder space including a movable piston which divides the cylinder space in at least three chambers (1, 2, 3), confined respectively by at least three piston faces (5, 6, 7) having unequal surface areas, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that a chamber (1) confined by the largest piston surface is in communica¬ tion with a control pressure line (11) provided with a controllable valve (15) for switching the control pressure on and off, a chamber (2) confined by the second largest piston surface (6) is in communication with a pressure line and a chamber (3) confined by the smallest piston surface (7) is in communication througr one-way valves (9 and 10) on the one hand with a fuel delivery line (13) and on the other hand with a line leading to an injectio'h nozzle, and that the largest and smallest piston surfaces (5 and 7) are facing in the same direction and the second largest piston surf¬ ace (6) faces in the opposite direction.
2. A pressure booster as set forth in claim 1, c a r a c t e r i z e d in that said piston (4) is surrounded by a fourth piston face (8), confining a chamber which is in communication with a runoff line (14) .
3. A pressure booster as set forth in claim 1 or 2 , c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that there is an equal pressure in pressure line (12) and in control pressure line (11) .
4. A pressure booster as set forth in any of claims
1 - 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that all the above- mentioned chambers and lines contain the same fuel.
5. A pressure booster for delivering Diesel fuel to an injection nozzle, said pressure booster comprising a stepped cylinder space including a movable piston which divides the cylinder space in at least three chambers (1, 2, 3) , confined respectively by at least three piston faces or surfaces, c h a r a c t e r ¬ i z e d in that a chamber (1) confined by the first piston surface (5) is in communication with a control pressure line (11) provided with a controllable valve
(15) for switching the control pressure on and off, against the second piston surface (6) leans a spring
(16) or a like power unit and a high-pressure chamber (3) confined by the third piston surface (7) is in communication through one-way valves (9, 10) on the one hand with a fuel delivery line (13) and on the other hand, with a line leading to an injection nozzle (19) , and that said first and third piston surfaces (5, 7) are facing in the same direction and the second piston surface (6) faces in the opposite direction.
PCT/FI1992/000136 1991-05-06 1992-04-30 Pressure booster for delivering diesel fuel to an injection nozzle WO1992019860A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI912170 1991-05-06
FI912170A FI92242C (en) 1991-05-06 1991-05-06 Pressure booster to supply diesel fuel to the injector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992019860A1 true WO1992019860A1 (en) 1992-11-12

Family

ID=8532446

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1992/000136 WO1992019860A1 (en) 1991-05-06 1992-04-30 Pressure booster for delivering diesel fuel to an injection nozzle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1651392A (en)
FI (1) FI92242C (en)
WO (1) WO1992019860A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5501197A (en) * 1993-06-15 1996-03-26 Perkins Limited Fuel injection apparatus

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516395A (en) * 1967-02-22 1970-06-23 Sopromi Soc Proc Modern Inject Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US4381750A (en) * 1980-07-24 1983-05-03 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines
DE2809762C2 (en) * 1977-03-07 1990-06-21 Nippondenso Co., Ltd., Kariya, Aichi, Jp
DE4015557A1 (en) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-29 Volkswagen Ag Fuel injection system for IC engine - has high pressure chamber connected permanently with pressure operated injection valve which is defined by piston surface

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516395A (en) * 1967-02-22 1970-06-23 Sopromi Soc Proc Modern Inject Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
DE2809762C2 (en) * 1977-03-07 1990-06-21 Nippondenso Co., Ltd., Kariya, Aichi, Jp
US4381750A (en) * 1980-07-24 1983-05-03 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines
DE4015557A1 (en) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-29 Volkswagen Ag Fuel injection system for IC engine - has high pressure chamber connected permanently with pressure operated injection valve which is defined by piston surface

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5501197A (en) * 1993-06-15 1996-03-26 Perkins Limited Fuel injection apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI92242B (en) 1994-06-30
FI912170A (en) 1992-11-07
AU1651392A (en) 1992-12-21
FI92242C (en) 1994-10-10
FI912170A0 (en) 1991-05-06

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