WO1992019549A1 - Limescale remover - Google Patents
Limescale remover Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992019549A1 WO1992019549A1 PCT/GB1991/001372 GB9101372W WO9219549A1 WO 1992019549 A1 WO1992019549 A1 WO 1992019549A1 GB 9101372 W GB9101372 W GB 9101372W WO 9219549 A1 WO9219549 A1 WO 9219549A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- acid
- quaternary ammonium
- cationic surfactant
- desolubiliser
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 acyclic quaternary ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical group [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GIPRGFRQMWSHAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O GIPRGFRQMWSHAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004275 glycolic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229940089491 hydroxycitric acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical group C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTJISTOHDJAKOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethylazanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound [NH3+]CCO.COS([O-])(=O)=O QTJISTOHDJAKOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004664 distearyldimethylammonium chloride (DHTDMAC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/12—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing nitrogen
- C02F5/125—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing nitrogen combined with inorganic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/083—Mineral agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/12—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/025—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions acidic pickling pastes
Definitions
- This invention relates to a composition for removing deposits of scale and the like.
- Water hardness is a condition which results when rainwater percolates through rock formations such as limestone or chalk and dissolves inorganic salts, particularly calcium carbonate. Water which contains more than about 100 parts per million of calcium
- limescale When hard water evaporates the dissolved calcium carbonate is deposited on the adjacent surface in the form of tiny crystals. This is known as limescale. With time these limescale deposits can build up into quite a large size. Limescale is strongly bonded to the surfaces on which it is deposited and is difficult to remove. Well known examples of limescale deposits are the
- Limescale deposits can also occur when hard water is heated an example of this being the well known furring of kettles. Deposits can also be formed in washing machines and dishwashing machines.
- Limescale removers have been developed in order to deal with these problems. These are generally based on acid which will react with the deposited scale to form a salt which is more readily soluble in water than calcium carbonate and which can thus be washed away.
- limescale remover There are two main types of limescale remover.
- One type includes a strong acid (e.g. hydrochloric acid, sulphamic acid) so that the pH of the limescale remover composition is about 1.0 or less. As a result of this low pH such compositions have a thin, watery consistency since stable thickening systems have not been previously achievable.
- this type of limescale remover is quite effective it is difficult if not impossible to maintain contact between the limescale remover
- the other type of limescale remover includes a weak acid, (e.g. citric acid, acetic acid) resulting in a composition having a pH usually in the range of from 3 to 5.
- a weak acid e.g. citric acid, acetic acid
- compositions for effectively removing deposits of scale and the like from horizontal and inclined surfaces comprising an acid, a cationic surfactant and a desolubiliser.
- thickener providing increased viscosity for example up to 800 cps (Brookfield RV3/25°). Compositions having a viscosity of this order will tend to "cling" to vertical and non-horizontal surfaces thus giving the necessary contact time for effective scale removal.
- the acid used in the composition may be one which is used in conventional limescale removers, such as mineral acids, e.g. sulphamic acids, hydrochloric acids, phosphoric and organic acids, e.g. acetic acid,
- the preferred cationic surfactants are di (higher alkyl) quaternary ammonium compounds (where higher alkyl means alkyl groups having from 8 to 30 carbons
- Particularly preferred quaternary ammonium compounds are the following:-
- R 2 is an acyclic aliphatic C 15 -C 22 hydrocarbon group.
- R 3 is a C 1 -C 4 saturated alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, R 4 is selected from R 2 and R 3 and A is an anion.
- R 1 is an acyclic aliphatic C 15 -C 21 hydrocarbon group
- R 2 is a divalent alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- R 5 and R 8 are C 1 -C 4 saturated alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups
- A is an anion:-
- n is equal to 1 to about 5, R 1 , R 2 , R 5 and A- are as defined above;
- Component (i) examples include
- dialkyldimethylammonium salts such as ditallowdimethylammonium chloride, ditallowdimethylammonium
- component (ii) examples include
- R 1 is an acyclic aliphatic C 15 -C 17 hydrocarbon group.
- R 2 is an ethylene group, R 5 is a methyl group, R 8 is a hydroxyalkyl group and A is a methylsulfate anion; these materials are available from Sherex Chemical Company under the trade names Varisoft (R) 222 and Varisoft (R) 110, respectively.
- the quaternary ammonium salt (b) preferably
- composition comprises from 1% to 20%, more preferably 2% to 20% by weight of the composition herein.
- the weight ratio amine (a): quaternary ammonium salt (b) is in the range from 10:1 to 1:10, preferably from 3:1 to 1:3.
- di (higher alkyl) imidazolinium compounds are preferred for use in the invention, in particular the 1-(lower alkyl)-1-(higher alkyl)amidoethyl-2-(higher alkyl) imidazolinium compounds, where "lower alkyl” means alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and “higher alkyl” means alkyl having from 11 to 22 carbon atoms.
- the preferred desolubilisers are for example sodium xylene sulphonate and sodium cumene sulphonate.
- desolubiliser used are chosen having regard to the desired viscosity of the composition. However, amounts in the range 50.0 to 1.0% and 0.0 to 50% (by volume) respectively are preferred.
- composition of the invention may include the usual additives such as perfume, colourant and the like.
- a limescale remover composition was formulated as follows:-
- the composition had a viscosity of 200 cps
- surfactant and sodium xylene sulphonate and including 3.0% of emulsifier.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Known compositions for removing limescale do not remain in contact with the scale on non-horizontal surfaces for a sufficient time to be effective. The invention provides a limescale remover composition comprising an acid, a desolubiliser and a cationic surfactant. The cationic surfactant increases the viscosity so that the composition does not readily run off non-horizontal surfaces.
Description
LIMESCALE REMOVER
This invention relates to a composition for removing deposits of scale and the like.
Water hardness is a condition which results when rainwater percolates through rock formations such as limestone or chalk and dissolves inorganic salts, particularly calcium carbonate. Water which contains more than about 100 parts per million of calcium
carbonate is usually considered as hard. When hard water evaporates the dissolved calcium carbonate is deposited on the adjacent surface in the form of tiny crystals. This is known as limescale. With time these limescale deposits can build up into quite a large size. Limescale is strongly bonded to the surfaces on which it is deposited and is difficult to remove. Well known examples of limescale deposits are the
encrustations around the nozzles of taps, shower heads and around plugholes, the staining of the surfaces of baths, basins and sinks below the taps and the general dulling of the surfaces of such vessels that receive hard water. Limescale deposits can also occur when hard water is heated an example of this being the well known furring of kettles. Deposits can also be formed in washing machines and dishwashing machines.
Limescale removers have been developed in order to deal with these problems. These are generally based on
acid which will react with the deposited scale to form a salt which is more readily soluble in water than calcium carbonate and which can thus be washed away. There are two main types of limescale remover. One type includes a strong acid (e.g. hydrochloric acid, sulphamic acid) so that the pH of the limescale remover composition is about 1.0 or less. As a result of this low pH such compositions have a thin, watery consistency since stable thickening systems have not been previously achievable. Although this type of limescale remover is quite effective it is difficult if not impossible to maintain contact between the limescale remover
composition and limescale when the surface being treated is inclined to the horizontal. The other type of limescale remover includes a weak acid, (e.g. citric acid, acetic acid) resulting in a composition having a pH usually in the range of from 3 to 5. With such mild pH conditions such compositions can be easily thickened. While these compositions may remain in contact with a non-horizontal surface to be treated for a longer time than the strong acid type of composition, they have a poor performance. Hence they must remain in contact with the surface being treated for a considerable time for example up to half an hour. Even quite viscous compositions cannot with certainty be expected to remain in contact for that length of time with non-horizontal surfaces, particularly vertical surfaces such as the sides of a bath or on a tap.
The present invention has been made in order to deal with this problem.
According to the invention there is provided a composition for effectively removing deposits of scale and the like from horizontal and inclined surfaces, said composition comprising an acid, a cationic surfactant and a desolubiliser.
It has been discovered that the combination of cationic surfactant and desolubiliser acts as a
thickener providing increased viscosity for example up to 800 cps (Brookfield RV3/25°). Compositions having a viscosity of this order will tend to "cling" to vertical and non-horizontal surfaces thus giving the necessary contact time for effective scale removal.
The acid used in the composition may be one which is used in conventional limescale removers, such as mineral acids, e.g. sulphamic acids, hydrochloric acids, phosphoric and organic acids, e.g. acetic acid,
hydroxyacetic, citric acid, lactic acid.
The preferred cationic surfactants are di (higher alkyl) quaternary ammonium compounds (where higher alkyl means alkyl groups having from 8 to 30 carbons
preferably from 11 to 22 carbons). Particularly
preferred quaternary ammonium compounds are the following:-
(i) acyclic quaternary ammonium salts having the formula:-
wherein R2 is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C22 hydrocarbon group. R3 is a C1-C4 saturated alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, R4 is selected from R2 and R3 and A is an anion.
(ii) diamido quaternary ammonium salts having the formula:-
wherein R1 is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C21 hydrocarbon
group, R2 is a divalent alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R5 and R8 are C1-C4 saturated alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups and A is an anion:-
(iii) diamido alkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts having the formula:-
wherein n is equal to 1 to about 5, R1, R2, R5 and A- are as defined above;
(iv) quaternary imidazolinium compounds.
Examples of Component (i) include
dialkyldimethylammonium salts such as ditallowdimethylammonium chloride, ditallowdimethylammonium
methylsulfate, di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride,
dibehendyldimethylammonium chloride .
Examples of component (ii) include
methylbis(tallowamidoethyl) (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium
methylsulfate and methylbis(hydrogenated tallowamidoethyl) (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium
methylsulfate and methylbis(hydrogenated
tallowamidoethwyl) (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium
methylsulfate wherein R1 is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C17 hydrocarbon group. R2 is an ethylene group, R5 is a methyl group, R8 is a hydroxyalkyl group and A is a methylsulfate anion; these materials are available from Sherex Chemical Company under the trade names Varisoft (R) 222 and Varisoft (R) 110, respectively.
Examples of (iv) include
1-methyl-1-tallowamido-ethyl-2-tallowimidazolinium methylsulfate and 1-methyl-1(hydrogenated
tallowamidoethyl)-methylsulfate.
The quaternary ammonium salt (b) preferably
comprises from 1% to 20%, more preferably 2% to 20% by weight of the composition herein.
The weight ratio amine (a): quaternary ammonium salt (b) is in the range from 10:1 to 1:10, preferably from 3:1 to 1:3.
The di (higher alkyl) imidazolinium compounds are preferred for use in the invention, in particular the 1-(lower alkyl)-1-(higher alkyl)amidoethyl-2-(higher alkyl) imidazolinium compounds, where "lower alkyl"
means alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and "higher alkyl" means alkyl having from 11 to 22 carbon atoms.
The preferred desolubilisers are for example sodium xylene sulphonate and sodium cumene sulphonate.
The amounts of cationic surfactant and
desolubiliser used are chosen having regard to the desired viscosity of the composition. However, amounts in the range 50.0 to 1.0% and 0.0 to 50% (by volume) respectively are preferred.
The composition of the invention may include the usual additives such as perfume, colourant and the like.
The following Example further illustrates the invention:-
EXAMPLE
A limescale remover composition was formulated as follows:-
% by volume
Sulphamic acid 12.5
Cationic surfactant 6.0
("Arquad" 18-50)
Sodium xylene sulphonate 4.0
(SXS-40)
Perfume 0.5
Ink Blue R 0.002
Water to 100.00
The composition had a viscosity of 200 cps
(Brookfield, RV 3 @ 25°C) compared to the viscosity of 10 cps of a known composition having the same
formulation as above, but without the cationic
surfactant and sodium xylene sulphonate and including 3.0% of emulsifier.
Claims
1. A composition for effectively removing deposits of scale and the like from horizontal and inclined
surfaces, said composition comprising an acid, a cationic surfactant and a desolubiliser.
2. A composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the acid is a mineral acid such as sulphamic acid,
hydrochloric acid or an organic acid such as acetic acid, hydroxy acetic acid and citric acid.
3. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the cationic surfactant is a quaternary ammonium compound.
4. A composition as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the cationic surfactant is a di(higher alkyl) quaternary ammonium compound where higher alkyl is an alkyl group having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
5. A composition as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is an acyclic quaternary ammonium salt having the formula 
wherein R2 is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C22 hydrocarbon group. R3 is a C1-C4 saturated alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, R4 is selected from R2 and R3, and A is an anion, a diamido quaternary ammonium salt having the formula:
wherein R1 is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C21 hydrocarbon group. R2 is a divalent alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R5 and R8 are C1-C4 saturated alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups and is an anion: a diamido alkoxylated quaternary ammonium salt having the formula:
wherein n is equal to 1 to about 5, and R1, R2, R5 and A- are as defined above; or a quaternary imidazolinium compound.
6. A composition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the desolubiliser is sodium xylene sulphonate or sodium cumene sulphonate.
7. A composition as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the cationic surfactant and the desolubiliser are present in the proportions of from 15.0 to 1.0% and 1.0 to 15.0% by volume respectively.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU16785/92A AU1678592A (en) | 1991-05-09 | 1992-04-29 | Limescale remover |
| DK126493A DK126493A (en) | 1991-05-09 | 1993-11-08 | LIME REMOVER |
| GB9323711A GB2273925B (en) | 1991-05-09 | 1993-11-09 | Limescale remover |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB919110066A GB9110066D0 (en) | 1991-05-09 | 1991-05-09 | Limescale remover |
| GB9110066.9 | 1991-05-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1992019549A1 true WO1992019549A1 (en) | 1992-11-12 |
Family
ID=10694723
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB1991/001372 WO1992019549A1 (en) | 1991-05-09 | 1991-08-12 | Limescale remover |
| PCT/GB1992/000785 WO1992019557A1 (en) | 1991-05-09 | 1992-04-29 | Limescale remover |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB1992/000785 WO1992019557A1 (en) | 1991-05-09 | 1992-04-29 | Limescale remover |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU8421991A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK126493A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9110066D0 (en) |
| WO (2) | WO1992019549A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5639722A (en) * | 1993-01-13 | 1997-06-17 | The Clorox Company | Acidic aqueous cleaning compositions |
| WO1999047459A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-23 | Kvaerner Technology & Research Limited | Liquid effluent treatment process and plant |
| EP0843716A4 (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1999-11-17 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent compositions comprising hydroxyacid compounds |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4435303A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1984-03-06 | Khodabandeh Abadi | Descaling composition |
| EP0157552A2 (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1985-10-09 | Calgon Corporation | Carboxylic/sulfonic/quaternary ammonium polymers for use as scale and corrosion inhibitors |
-
1991
- 1991-05-09 GB GB919110066A patent/GB9110066D0/en active Pending
- 1991-08-12 WO PCT/GB1991/001372 patent/WO1992019549A1/en unknown
- 1991-08-12 AU AU84219/91A patent/AU8421991A/en not_active Abandoned
-
1992
- 1992-04-29 WO PCT/GB1992/000785 patent/WO1992019557A1/en active Application Filing
-
1993
- 1993-11-08 DK DK126493A patent/DK126493A/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4435303A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1984-03-06 | Khodabandeh Abadi | Descaling composition |
| EP0157552A2 (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1985-10-09 | Calgon Corporation | Carboxylic/sulfonic/quaternary ammonium polymers for use as scale and corrosion inhibitors |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5639722A (en) * | 1993-01-13 | 1997-06-17 | The Clorox Company | Acidic aqueous cleaning compositions |
| EP0843716A4 (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1999-11-17 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent compositions comprising hydroxyacid compounds |
| WO1999047459A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-23 | Kvaerner Technology & Research Limited | Liquid effluent treatment process and plant |
| GB2350107A (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2000-11-22 | Kvaerner Technology & Res Ltd | Liquid effluent treatment process and plant |
| US6328892B1 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 2001-12-11 | Kvaerner Technology & Research Limited | Liquid effluent treatment process and plant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU8421991A (en) | 1992-12-21 |
| GB9110066D0 (en) | 1991-07-03 |
| DK126493A (en) | 1993-11-09 |
| WO1992019557A1 (en) | 1992-11-12 |
| DK126493D0 (en) | 1993-11-08 |
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