WO1992016464A1 - Method for cooling and lubricating of tools for cutting of molten glass - Google Patents

Method for cooling and lubricating of tools for cutting of molten glass Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992016464A1
WO1992016464A1 PCT/SE1991/000196 SE9100196W WO9216464A1 WO 1992016464 A1 WO1992016464 A1 WO 1992016464A1 SE 9100196 W SE9100196 W SE 9100196W WO 9216464 A1 WO9216464 A1 WO 9216464A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
lubricant
nozzle
liquid
scissors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1991/000196
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Reinhard Balduhn
Original Assignee
Aga Aktiebolag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aga Aktiebolag filed Critical Aga Aktiebolag
Priority to PCT/SE1991/000196 priority Critical patent/WO1992016464A1/en
Publication of WO1992016464A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992016464A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B23Q11/1038—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work using cutting liquids with special characteristics, e.g. flow rate, quality
    • B23Q11/1053—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work using cutting liquids with special characteristics, e.g. flow rate, quality using the cutting liquid at specially selected temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B7/00—Distributors for the molten glass; Means for taking-off charges of molten glass; Producing the gob, e.g. controlling the gob shape, weight or delivery tact
    • C03B7/10—Cutting-off or severing the glass flow with the aid of knives or scissors or non-contacting cutting means, e.g. a gas jet; Construction of the blades used

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a method o cooling and lubrication working areas of tools for mechanica working using liquid carbon dioxide.
  • the method comprise passing liquid carbon dioxide from a source of liquid carbo dioxide through a conduit and a nozzle, and applying th carbon dioxide on and/or near the working area of the too and/or on the worked goods.
  • a cooling medium is applied to the area of such mechanical working, thus cooling both th tool and the worked piece.
  • a cutting coolant usually a emulsion of water and oil.
  • emulsions will give environmental problems for disposal and will contaminating the workers' area.
  • Another coolant is carbon dioxide which is passed through a conduit as a liquid under pressure and exits through a nozzle. Due to the pressure drop upon leaving the nozzle the carbon dioxide is transformed to solid carbon dioxide having good cooling efficiency and some lubricating effect.
  • Another application for using liquid carbon dioxide as a coolant is the cooling of scissors cutting strings of liquid glass for the manufacture of glass articles.
  • Such application is disclosed in WO 90/03341 describing a method for cooling a cutting element of shears used to sever a glass gob from a continuous string of liquid glass. The method comprises cooling the cutting elements of the shears with a cryogenic liquid, i.a. carbon dioxide, and applying the cryogenic liquid to cutting element surfaces which come into contact with the liquid glass string.
  • a cryogenic liquid i.a. carbon dioxide
  • the main object of the present invention is to avoid th use of two different supply streams to the working area whe using a cryogenic liquid for cooling. Another object is to apply one jet of the cooling maxim to the working area containing a well defined concentratio of lubricant in the cryogenic liquid, thus keeping the amoun of lubricant as low as possible.
  • cooling and lubricatio working areas of tools for mechanical working is performe by using liquid carbon dioxide and comprising the steps o passing liquid carbon dioxide from a source of liquid carbo dioxide through a conduit and a nozzle, applying the carbo dioxide leaving the nozzle on and/or near the working area o the tool and/or on the worked goods, the lubricant bein soluble or dispersible in liquid carbon dioxide and added t the liquid carbon dioxide before it enters the nozzle.
  • Preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
  • Figure 1 illustrates schematically an arrangement of apparatus for carrying out the inventive method.
  • the arrangement illustrated in Figure 1 includes shears 1 having two legs 4 which can be swung towards and away from one another about a pivot axis 5, which extends perpendicular to plane 5, each leg has mounted thereon a cutting element 2 for cutting a glass gob or drop from a string of liquid glass mass 3.
  • the liquid glass string is taken from a glass forehearth located above the shears.
  • the glass mass leaves the furnace in the form of a vertical string which travels at a well defined oscillating speed and which passes through an orifice (not shown) located at a short distance above the shears 1.
  • the glass gob separated from the string is transported gravitationally along a chute, to a mold located in the forming machine (not shown) .
  • the Figure 1 arrangement also includes a storage tank 21 for liquid carbon dioxide.
  • the tank 21 rests on a stand or base 22.
  • Extending from the tank 21 is a conduit 23 which branches out into two branch conduits 11 and 11' at a point downstream of an electromagnetic valve 25.
  • the branch point is referenced 12.
  • the end of each branch conduit 11, 11' distal from the branch point 12 is connected with a nozzle 51 which is firmly attached to a respective cutting element 2.
  • the nozzle 51 is directed towards its associated cutting element, and particularly towards the cutting surface thereof.
  • the conduits 23, 11 and 11' are preferably as short as possible, so as to avoid or at least minimize vaporization of liquid in the conduits to an undesirable gas phase.
  • the conduits are preferably vacuum conduits.
  • the vacuum conduits may incorporate joints which will enable them to be bent or twisted.
  • a conduit 16 is opening into conduit 23 downstream of the electromagnetic valve 25 for the addition of a lubricant being soluble or dispersable in the liquid carbon dioxide.
  • the lubricant is forced into the carbon dioxide by a metering pump 41 being connected to a source of lubricant (not shown) .
  • the pump 41 is activated to deliver lubricant when carbon dioxide is flowing through pipe 23.
  • a suitable lubricant is CRUCOLAN 7, which is marketed by Kluber Lubrication M ⁇ nchen KG, Germany, being soluble in liquid carbon dioxide.
  • the lubricant may be cooled to a low temperature before being injected in pipe ' 23 in order not to evaporate the liquid carbon dioxide.
  • valves 24 and 25 When initiating cooling of the shears 1 with liquid carbon dioxide the valves 24 and 25 are opened. When these valves are open, carbon dioxide is forced by the pressure in the tank 21 through conduit 23. As liquid carbon dioxide passes through valve 25 the metering pump 41 is activated to inject lubricant into conduit 23. The carbon dioxide will exit the conduit 23 through the nozzles 51. Due to the pressure drop when leaving the nozzles the liquid carbon dioxide will be transformed to solid carbon dioxide. The nozzles are directed, so as to cool and lubricate the cutting areas of the shear blades 2 as effectively as possible.
  • string of liquid glass can be taken from the forehearth an passed vertically through the orifice located above th shears 2 , so as to initiate the cutting of glass gobs fro the string.
  • the cutting elements mutually coact in cuttin gobs from the string, in a manner similar to the blades o conventional scissors.
  • the amount of lubricant added to the liquid carbo dioxide should not exceed 5 per cent by weight.
  • a preferabl range of lubricant concentration in the carbon dioxide is 0. to 2.5 per cent.
  • the carbon dioxide containing lubricant can be directe to the shears continuously or intermittently.
  • one em bodiment lubricant is added intermittently to the liqui carbon dioxide immediately upstream the nozzle in suc periods that the carbon dioxide leaving the nozzle wil contain no lubricant when the scissors are in contact wit the string of molten glass.
  • the carbo dioxide is continuously cooling the shears.
  • the nozzles can be positioned at a certain distance from the glass string and directing their jets in such a direction that the scissors are intermittently contacted by the carbon dioxide when retracted from the glass string.
  • a pressure tank can be located between the valve 25 and the branch point 12.
  • conduit 23 between the valves 24 and 25 need not to be a vacuum pipe, since gaseous carbon dioxide can be removed from the pressure tank.
  • the lubricant may also be added to the pressure tank, but this is a less preferred embodiment. In the preferred embodiment the lubricant is added downstream of the pressure tank.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of cooling and lubrication working areas of tools for mechanical working using liquid carbon dioxide. The method comprises the steps of passing liquid carbon dioxide from a source of liquid carbon dioxide through a conduit and a nozzle, applying the carbon dioxide on and/or near the working area of the tool and/or on the worked goods, the lubricant being soluble or dispersible in liquid carbon dioxide is added to the liquid carbon dioxide before it enters the nozzle. The lubricant is added to the liquid carbon dioxide leaving the nozzle in an amount less than 5.0 per cent by weight, preferably in an amount of 0.5-2.5 per cent by weight.

Description

CUTTING OF MOLTEN GLASS
The present invention is concerned with a method o cooling and lubrication working areas of tools for mechanica working using liquid carbon dioxide. The method comprise passing liquid carbon dioxide from a source of liquid carbo dioxide through a conduit and a nozzle, and applying th carbon dioxide on and/or near the working area of the too and/or on the worked goods.
Mechanical working, e.g. lathing, cutting, grinding an polishing, of metallic materials is always accompanied by the generation of heat. Therefore a cooling medium is applied to the area of such mechanical working, thus cooling both th tool and the worked piece. One such cooling medium is a cutting coolant, usually a emulsion of water and oil. Such emulsions will give environmental problems for disposal and will contaminating the workers' area. Another coolant is carbon dioxide which is passed through a conduit as a liquid under pressure and exits through a nozzle. Due to the pressure drop upon leaving the nozzle the carbon dioxide is transformed to solid carbon dioxide having good cooling efficiency and some lubricating effect.
Another application for using liquid carbon dioxide as a coolant is the cooling of scissors cutting strings of liquid glass for the manufacture of glass articles. Such application is disclosed in WO 90/03341 describing a method for cooling a cutting element of shears used to sever a glass gob from a continuous string of liquid glass. The method comprises cooling the cutting elements of the shears with a cryogenic liquid, i.a. carbon dioxide, and applying the cryogenic liquid to cutting element surfaces which come into contact with the liquid glass string.
However, the use of a cryogenic liquid for cooling will not provide for sufficient lubrication. Thus, it is necessary to apply a lubricant separately to the areas where heat is generated during the mechanical working. Such a separate application may cause some problems due to space requirements and difficulties in the distribution, e.g. the mixing and dosing at the cooling site, of the two media to the working areas.
The main object of the present invention is to avoid th use of two different supply streams to the working area whe using a cryogenic liquid for cooling. Another object is to apply one jet of the cooling mediu to the working area containing a well defined concentratio of lubricant in the cryogenic liquid, thus keeping the amoun of lubricant as low as possible.
These objects are solved in that cooling and lubricatio working areas of tools for mechanical working is performe by using liquid carbon dioxide and comprising the steps o passing liquid carbon dioxide from a source of liquid carbo dioxide through a conduit and a nozzle, applying the carbo dioxide leaving the nozzle on and/or near the working area o the tool and/or on the worked goods, the lubricant bein soluble or dispersible in liquid carbon dioxide and added t the liquid carbon dioxide before it enters the nozzle. Preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims. The present invention will now be described in mor detail with reference to non-limiting exemplifying embodi¬ ments thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 illustrates schematically an arrangement of apparatus for carrying out the inventive method.
The arrangement illustrated in Figure 1 includes shears 1 having two legs 4 which can be swung towards and away from one another about a pivot axis 5, which extends perpendicular to plane 5, each leg has mounted thereon a cutting element 2 for cutting a glass gob or drop from a string of liquid glass mass 3. The liquid glass string is taken from a glass forehearth located above the shears. The glass mass leaves the furnace in the form of a vertical string which travels at a well defined oscillating speed and which passes through an orifice (not shown) located at a short distance above the shears 1. The glass gob separated from the string is transported gravitationally along a chute, to a mold located in the forming machine (not shown) .
The Figure 1 arrangement also includes a storage tank 21 for liquid carbon dioxide. The tank 21 rests on a stand or base 22. Extending from the tank 21 is a conduit 23 which branches out into two branch conduits 11 and 11' at a point downstream of an electromagnetic valve 25. The branch point is referenced 12. The end of each branch conduit 11, 11' distal from the branch point 12 is connected with a nozzle 51 which is firmly attached to a respective cutting element 2.
The nozzle 51 is directed towards its associated cutting element, and particularly towards the cutting surface thereof. The conduits 23, 11 and 11' are preferably as short as possible, so as to avoid or at least minimize vaporization of liquid in the conduits to an undesirable gas phase. The conduits are preferably vacuum conduits. The vacuum conduits may incorporate joints which will enable them to be bent or twisted.
A conduit 16 is opening into conduit 23 downstream of the electromagnetic valve 25 for the addition of a lubricant being soluble or dispersable in the liquid carbon dioxide. The lubricant is forced into the carbon dioxide by a metering pump 41 being connected to a source of lubricant (not shown) . The pump 41 is activated to deliver lubricant when carbon dioxide is flowing through pipe 23. A suitable lubricant is CRUCOLAN 7, which is marketed by Kluber Lubrication Mϋnchen KG, Germany, being soluble in liquid carbon dioxide. The lubricant may be cooled to a low temperature before being injected in pipe '23 in order not to evaporate the liquid carbon dioxide.
When initiating cooling of the shears 1 with liquid carbon dioxide the valves 24 and 25 are opened. When these valves are open, carbon dioxide is forced by the pressure in the tank 21 through conduit 23. As liquid carbon dioxide passes through valve 25 the metering pump 41 is activated to inject lubricant into conduit 23. The carbon dioxide will exit the conduit 23 through the nozzles 51. Due to the pressure drop when leaving the nozzles the liquid carbon dioxide will be transformed to solid carbon dioxide. The nozzles are directed, so as to cool and lubricate the cutting areas of the shear blades 2 as effectively as possible. Subsequent to commencing cooling of the shears 1, string of liquid glass can be taken from the forehearth an passed vertically through the orifice located above th shears 2 , so as to initiate the cutting of glass gobs fro the string. The cutting elements mutually coact in cuttin gobs from the string, in a manner similar to the blades o conventional scissors.
The amount of lubricant added to the liquid carbo dioxide should not exceed 5 per cent by weight. A preferabl range of lubricant concentration in the carbon dioxide is 0. to 2.5 per cent.
The carbon dioxide containing lubricant can be directe to the shears continuously or intermittently. In one em bodiment lubricant is added intermittently to the liqui carbon dioxide immediately upstream the nozzle in suc periods that the carbon dioxide leaving the nozzle wil contain no lubricant when the scissors are in contact wit the string of molten glass. In this embodiment the carbo dioxide is continuously cooling the shears. In another embodiment the nozzles can be positioned at a certain distance from the glass string and directing their jets in such a direction that the scissors are intermittently contacted by the carbon dioxide when retracted from the glass string. In a further embodiment a pressure tank can be located between the valve 25 and the branch point 12. In such case the conduit 23 between the valves 24 and 25 need not to be a vacuum pipe, since gaseous carbon dioxide can be removed from the pressure tank. In this embodiment the lubricant may also be added to the pressure tank, but this is a less preferred embodiment. In the preferred embodiment the lubricant is added downstream of the pressure tank.
In case of cooling and lubrication working areas of tools for mechanical working the same arrangement as shown in Figure 1 can be used. The only difference is that the shears are substituted by a mechanical working machine, such as a lathe, and that the conduits are not fixed to the blades 2. The nozzles 51 may be positioned on the slide on which the cutting tool is fixed and are directed against the tool preferably the area contacting the goods to be worked o and/or the working area of the goods. In this case th nozzles are provided at a constant distance from the areas t be cooled.

Claims

1. A method of cooling and lubrication working areas o tools for mechanical working using liquid carbon dioxid comprising the steps of passing liquid carbon dioxide from source of liquid carbon dioxide through a conduit and nozzle, applying the carbon dioxide on and/or near th working area of the tool and/or on the worked goods, charac terized in that a lubricant being soluble or dispersible in liquid carbon dioxide is added to the liquid carbon dioxide before it enters the nozzle.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubricant is added to the carbon dioxide in the conduit.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carbon dioxide leaving the nozzle contains less than 5.0 per cent by weight of the lubricant.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the carbon dioxide contains 0.5-2.5 per cent by weight of the lubricant.
5. The method according to one or more of claims 1-4, characterized in that the lubricant is injected in the carbon dioxide only when carbon dioxide passes through the nozzle.
6. The method according to one or more of claims 1-5, characterized in that the carbon dioxide is applied to mechanical scissors for cutting strings of liquid glass.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the carbon dioxide is applied to the scissors when the scissors are not in contact with the string of liquid glass.
8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the carbon dioxide is applied continuously to the scissors and that the lubricant is added to the carbon dioxide intermittently such that pure carbon dioxide will cool the scissors when the scissors are in contact with the string of liquid glass and lubricant containing carbon oxide will cool the scissors when these are not in contact with the string.
9. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carbon dioxide is continuously supplied to the cooling areas.
10. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carbon dioxide is intermittently supplied to th cooling areas.
11. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized i that the lubricant is continuously added to the carbo dioxide.
12. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lubricant is intermittently added to the carbon dioxide.
13. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carbon dioxide is supplied to the working area from the nozzle located at a fixed distance from the cooling area.
14. The method according to claim l or 2, characterized in that the carbon dioxide is supplied to the working area of the tool from a fixed nozzle position and that the tool is intermittently brought into contact with the carbon dioxide from the nozzle.
PCT/SE1991/000196 1991-03-15 1991-03-15 Method for cooling and lubricating of tools for cutting of molten glass WO1992016464A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE1991/000196 WO1992016464A1 (en) 1991-03-15 1991-03-15 Method for cooling and lubricating of tools for cutting of molten glass

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0546526A1 (en) * 1991-12-10 1993-06-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing glass-gobs by means of scissors
WO1997025393A1 (en) * 1996-01-05 1997-07-17 Skoeld Rolf A method for mechanical working
DE19636352C1 (en) * 1996-09-02 1997-12-18 Heiko Prof Dr Hessenkemper Isothermal glass melt separation
EP1038841A2 (en) * 1996-02-06 2000-09-27 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Glass gob shearing method and apparatus with contact lubricated blades
FR2804492A1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-03 Carboxyque Francaise Process for the lubrication and machining of materials uses liquid carbon dioxide as lubricant
EP1775064A1 (en) * 2005-10-14 2007-04-18 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Method of shaping and forming work materials applying a cryogenic fluid
JP2008535934A (en) * 2004-12-13 2008-09-04 クール クリーン テクノロジーズ， インコーポレイテッド Cryogenic fluid composition
US7434439B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2008-10-14 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cryofluid assisted forming method
CN102009227A (en) * 2010-12-13 2011-04-13 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 Lubricating device for production of aluminum belt material
US8220370B2 (en) 2002-02-04 2012-07-17 Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. Apparatus and method for machining of hard metals with reduced detrimental white layer effect
DE102014000381A1 (en) * 2014-01-14 2015-07-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and mixing device for producing a multiphase coolant and lubricant for cooling and lubrication of a processing device
DE102018104266A1 (en) * 2018-02-26 2019-08-29 Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Rwth) Aachen Method and device for providing an aid to a workpiece processing zone

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3287098A (en) * 1962-10-03 1966-11-22 Owens Illinois Inc Method of shearing charges of molten glass
EP0035145A1 (en) * 1980-02-28 1981-09-09 Firma Hermann Heye Apparatus for applying a lubricant or parting liquid to a glass shaping machine part
US4475938A (en) * 1981-04-02 1984-10-09 Veba-Glas Ag Cutting device for sectioning liquid glass strand
WO1990003341A1 (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-04-05 Aga Ab Cooling of scissors for cutting of glass gobs

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3287098A (en) * 1962-10-03 1966-11-22 Owens Illinois Inc Method of shearing charges of molten glass
EP0035145A1 (en) * 1980-02-28 1981-09-09 Firma Hermann Heye Apparatus for applying a lubricant or parting liquid to a glass shaping machine part
US4475938A (en) * 1981-04-02 1984-10-09 Veba-Glas Ag Cutting device for sectioning liquid glass strand
WO1990003341A1 (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-04-05 Aga Ab Cooling of scissors for cutting of glass gobs

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0546526A1 (en) * 1991-12-10 1993-06-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing glass-gobs by means of scissors
WO1997025393A1 (en) * 1996-01-05 1997-07-17 Skoeld Rolf A method for mechanical working
CN1079423C (en) * 1996-01-05 2002-02-20 R·斯库德 Method for mechanical working
US6083887A (en) * 1996-01-05 2000-07-04 Skold; Rolf Method for mechanical working
EP1038841A2 (en) * 1996-02-06 2000-09-27 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Glass gob shearing method and apparatus with contact lubricated blades
EP1038841A3 (en) * 1996-02-06 2000-10-18 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Glass gob shearing method and apparatus with contact lubricated blades
DE19636352C1 (en) * 1996-09-02 1997-12-18 Heiko Prof Dr Hessenkemper Isothermal glass melt separation
FR2804492A1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-03 Carboxyque Francaise Process for the lubrication and machining of materials uses liquid carbon dioxide as lubricant
EP1139005A3 (en) * 2000-02-02 2001-10-24 Carboxyque Française Method of lubricating by means of liquid carbon dioxyde
US8220370B2 (en) 2002-02-04 2012-07-17 Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. Apparatus and method for machining of hard metals with reduced detrimental white layer effect
JP2008535934A (en) * 2004-12-13 2008-09-04 クール クリーン テクノロジーズ， インコーポレイテッド Cryogenic fluid composition
US7390240B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2008-06-24 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method of shaping and forming work materials
US7434439B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2008-10-14 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cryofluid assisted forming method
EP1775064A1 (en) * 2005-10-14 2007-04-18 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Method of shaping and forming work materials applying a cryogenic fluid
CN102009227A (en) * 2010-12-13 2011-04-13 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 Lubricating device for production of aluminum belt material
DE102014000381A1 (en) * 2014-01-14 2015-07-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and mixing device for producing a multiphase coolant and lubricant for cooling and lubrication of a processing device
DE102014000381B4 (en) * 2014-01-14 2018-12-06 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and mixing device for producing a multiphase coolant and lubricant for cooling and lubrication of a processing device
DE102018104266A1 (en) * 2018-02-26 2019-08-29 Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Rwth) Aachen Method and device for providing an aid to a workpiece processing zone

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