WO1992015659A1 - Procede et appareil de raffinage d'huiles lubrifiantes usagees - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de raffinage d'huiles lubrifiantes usagees Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992015659A1
WO1992015659A1 PCT/NO1992/000038 NO9200038W WO9215659A1 WO 1992015659 A1 WO1992015659 A1 WO 1992015659A1 NO 9200038 W NO9200038 W NO 9200038W WO 9215659 A1 WO9215659 A1 WO 9215659A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
distilling apparatus
skirt
conical
wall
lubricating oils
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1992/000038
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Harry Myrvold
Original Assignee
I.S Bgb
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by I.S Bgb filed Critical I.S Bgb
Publication of WO1992015659A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992015659A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G7/06—Vacuum distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/0011—Heating features
    • B01D1/0017—Use of electrical or wave energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
    • B01D1/305—Demister (vapour-liquid separation)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0025—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes
    • C10M175/0033—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes using distillation processes; devices therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for refining waste lubricating oils and an apparatus for employing the method.
  • the invention relates to an effective and environmentally friendly method for refining waste lubrica ⁇ ting oils into high-grade lubricating oils through the use of a vacuum distilling apparatus of the type further described below.
  • I comprises deposition of released water, distillation of residual water and lighter hydrocarbons and drying
  • III comprises cyclonic vacuum distillation whereby the fractions of lubricating oil are distilled to remove impurities such as metallic residue, sludge and soot;
  • IV comprises hydrogen treatment (polishing) of the lubricating oil after it bas been heated in a depositional tank, and final fractionation.
  • the present invention relates to a method for redistilling waste lubricating oils into high-grade lubricating oils, comprising
  • step 3 the cyclonic vacuum distillation in step 3 is carried out by means of a vacuum distilling apparatus as described in the characterizing clause of claim 1.
  • the invention also applies to an apparatus for carrying out step III of the method disclosed above, and this apparatus is characterized by being a vacuum distilling apparatus as described in the characterizing clause of claim 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a vacuum distilling apparatus according to the invention.
  • the general method for reclaiming waste lubricating oils begins with collecting all types of waste lubricants in a receiving plant for classification.
  • Good qualities 1 are pumped to a depositional tank where there is a first heating, at 25°C. Released water is deposited as the bottom layer and drained into a water tank whereas oil is deposited as the upper layer, and the oil there obtained is transferred to a storage tank 5. From this storage tank 5 dehydrated oil 6 is pumped to a drying plant 7 where a heat exchange is carried out with the previously obtained distillation residue 22, whereafter the total amount is fed into a mixing nozzle 8.
  • the oil 6 is brought into contact with a heated dried oil 9 from the bottom of the drying plant 7.
  • the residual water in the oil stream 6 evaporates in the mixing nozzle and is distilled together with fuel residues and gas via the pipe line 10.
  • This stream of material 10 is condensed and separated before it is conducted to a separate destruction plant, known per se.
  • the dried oil 11 from the dryer 7 is fed into a mixing nozzle 12 where heated oil 13 from the bottom of the fractionation vessel 14 is brought to the required temperature, then fed into a mixing nozzle 12 in a fractionation vessel 14 operating under a vacuum of from 100 to 500 mbar and at a temperature of from 280 to 300°C.
  • fuel oil 15 is evaporated, condensed and conveyed to a storage tank.
  • the fraction 16 of lubricating oil in the bottom of frac ⁇ tionation step 14 is pumped further to a mixing nozzle 17 on the vacuum distilling apparatus 18 of the invention, operating under a vacuum of from 15 to 20 mbar and at a high temperature of 345 to 350°C.
  • all lubricating oils are separated from the impurities present.
  • the lubricating oils evaporate via 19, condense and are conducted to a depositional tank 23 and from there to a storage tank 24.
  • the heaviest oils and impurities, the distillation residues 20, are recirculated via an oven 21 for heating and thereaf ⁇ ter release their energy in the mixing nozzle 17 on the vacuum distilling apparatus 18 of the invention.
  • the distillation residue 22 thus produced is pumped via a heat exchanger, as mentioned above, into storage.
  • This sludge 26' is thereafter drawn off from the settling tank 23 for combustion in the above mentioned separate destruction plant.
  • Oil from the settling tank 23 is conducted via the line 25 to a clarification tank 24, from which further sludge 26" is removed and burned as above.
  • the clarified lubricatinig oil 27, thus obtained, is then pumped via a heat exchanger and oven 28 to the reactor 29 for a conventional hydrogen treatment.
  • Hydrogen gas for this purpose is produced separately, for example in a production unit 30, by means of electrolysis of water, the production being adapted to the quantity of hydrogen 31 required by the reactor 29.
  • the mixture hydrogen gas 31/oil 27 is fed into the reactor 29, passed through the catalyst mass, for example in the form of a firm layer mass, and out through the bottom of the apparatus.
  • the gas/oil mixture 32 is then fed to a separator 33, which separates the lubricating oil 34 from the surplus of hydrogen 35, which is pumped back to the hydrogen gas feed pipe 31.
  • the reaction gas 36 is burned off in the above mentioned separate destruction plant.
  • the obtained lubricating oil 34 is further conducted to a fractionating/drying tower 37 for separation of the oil fractions according to viscosity, where one generally obtains 300 N-oil at 38, 150 N-oil at 39 and fuel oil/water at 40.
  • fractions 38, 39 and 40 are then pumped to storage tanks while the water is pumped to the above mentioned separate destruction plant.
  • the destruction plant is not described separately, but comprises generally a plant for combustion and destruction of streams of waste material by means of heat treatment, for example at 1200°C from 3 to 5 seconds.
  • the secondary air for this destruction plant is preferably drawn off from the atmosphere of the process halls and is combusted via a water seal and fire mesh in the destruction oven.
  • the energy source in the combustion chamber of the destruction oven in the destruction plant is based on the hot-oil plant in the form of a doubly coiled pipe circuit; further, the flue gases are dump cooled for exhaust purifica ⁇ tion.
  • It comprises a mixing nozzle inlet or a mixing pipe 101 for feeding the material into the vacuum distilling apparatus which is delimited by a wall 102 of the distilling apparatus having an interior wall or a skirt 103.
  • the vacuum distilling apparatus is heated by means of an electrical heating tape 105.
  • the vacuum distilling apparatus is further provided with mounting means, such as a foot 106 for positioning and lugs 111 for lifting.
  • the middle portion of the vacuum distilling apparatus is essentially cylindrical, whereas the upper portion has the form of an upwardly pointed conical top 112 and the lower portion has the form of a downwardly pointed conical section 107, merging into the essentially cylindrical outlet channel 108 for distillation residues, and is connected, by means of a flange 115, to an extended cylindrical outlet channel 109, which subsequently, via transfers and flanges, passes into conventional pipe equipment.
  • the conical portion 112 is provided with a distillate outlet 114 which, in turn, is provided with a drip ring 113 at is bottom end - the end which is inside the skirt 103 within the vacuum distilling apparatus.
  • the mass to be distilled is blown in through the inlet/mixing pipe 101 tangentially to the wall of the distilling apparatus 102 and in the upper portion of the annular space which is formed between the wall 102 of the distilling apparatus and the skirt 103.
  • This annular space according to the invention constitutes, preferably, at least half of the cylindrical portion of the vacuum distilling apparatus.
  • the lower portion of the skirt is formed as a downwardly pointed cone provided with slits 104a.
  • the top surface of this reversed truncated cone is preferably placed at approximiately the same level as the lower portion of the cylindrical part of the wall of the distilling apparatus.
  • the distillation residue 16 from step 2, see Figure 1 enters the vacuum distilling apparatus of the invention via the inlet/mixing nozzle 101 in which it also meets heated distillate residue from the oven 21.
  • the fractionated oil from step II evaporates immediately, for example at 347°C and 0.02 bar absolute pressure and is thereby cracked into about 85$ distillate and about 1556 distillate residue.
  • the vacuum distilling apparatus Because of the enormous increase in volume in the inlet/- mixing nozzle and the tangential feeding owing to the position of the inlet nozzle on the vacuum distilling apparatus, the vacuum distilling apparatus according to the invention has a separating effect already when the injection into the annular space occurs.
  • the distillate residue is then transported via a path, first coiled and later more vertical, along the wall of the distilling apparatus toward the bottom 107 of the cone and, finally, runs down into the outlet channel 108.
  • Impurities in particle form accompanying the mass into the vacuum distilling apparatus will continuously grind the wall and aid in the cleaning.
  • the gas velocity will here be reduced, and slits in the conical portion of the skirt will then permit separated gas to be forced into the centre of the distilling apparatus together with gas escaping below the lower edge of the reversed truncated cone constitu ⁇ ting the lower portion of the skirt.
  • demisters 104b there are, as indicated in Figure 2, placed demisters 104b, preventing that oil drops or possibly distillation residue running down from the skirt are carried along with the gases through the slits and included in the distillate.
  • the drip rings in the lower portion of the skirt have the effect, in the same manner as the drip ring 113 on the outlet pipe 114, that the drops will become large and thereby drip down to the conical bottom 107 of the distilling apparatus.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé de raffinage d'huiles lubrifiantes usagées destiné à transférer lesdites huiles en huiles de qualité élevée comprend les étapes suivantes: 1) dépôt de l'eau libérée, distillation de l'eau résiduelle et des hydrocarbures légers; 2) production par fractionnement des huiles combustibles; 3) distillation cyclonique sous vide de fractions d'huile lubrifiante afin d'en éliminer les impuretés, par exemple les sels métalliques, les boues et la calamine; et 4) traitement final à l'hydrogène, dit polissage au catalyseur, suivi de fractionnement. La distillation cyclonique sous vide est réalisée dans un appareil de distillation sous vide comprenant une partie cylindrique (102), une partie conique pointue (112) munie d'un tuyau de sortie (114), une partie conique pointue inférieure (107) présentant un tuyau de sortie (108) et une jupe intérieure, la jupe intérieure comportant une partie cylindrique (103) s'étendant parallèlement à la paroi (102) de l'appareil de distillation et une partie conique pointue (104) pourvue d'ouïes et de dispositifs antibuée, la paroi étant munie d'un moyen de chauffage (105) principalement sur la région qui recouvre la partie cylindrique (103) de la jupe.
PCT/NO1992/000038 1991-03-05 1992-03-04 Procede et appareil de raffinage d'huiles lubrifiantes usagees WO1992015659A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO910864 1991-03-05
NO910864A NO170429C (no) 1991-03-05 1991-03-05 Fremgangsmaate ved raffinering av brukte smoereoljer og apparat til anvendelse ved fremgangsmaaten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992015659A1 true WO1992015659A1 (fr) 1992-09-17

Family

ID=19893920

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1992/000038 WO1992015659A1 (fr) 1991-03-05 1992-03-04 Procede et appareil de raffinage d'huiles lubrifiantes usagees

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0576497A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1562892A (fr)
NO (1) NO170429C (fr)
WO (1) WO1992015659A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994007798A1 (fr) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-14 Viscolube Italiana S.P.A. Procede de reraffinage d'huiles usees
GR1002122B (en) * 1995-02-28 1996-02-06 Intemaco Ae Technology/method of old waste mineral oils distillation and slops for the production of oil by-products, like light hydrocarbon (gasoline-diesel) and heavy hydrocarbons (mineral oils fractions) etc. arrangement and specialization of machinery.
EP0747102A1 (fr) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-11 Enprotec International Group N.V. Méthode et dispositif amélioré pour raffiner des huiles
USRE38366E1 (en) * 1995-06-08 2003-12-30 Avista Resources, Inc. Oil re-refining method and apparatus
CN100460039C (zh) * 2006-05-25 2009-02-11 涂晶 废润滑油的再生加工装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980551A (en) * 1975-12-18 1976-09-14 Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. Refining of waste lube oil to prepare usable lubestock
US4071438A (en) * 1976-06-03 1978-01-31 Vacsol Corporation Method of reclaiming waste oil by distillation and extraction
US4140212A (en) * 1977-08-19 1979-02-20 Vacsol Corporation Cyclonic distillation tower for waste oil rerefining process

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980551A (en) * 1975-12-18 1976-09-14 Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. Refining of waste lube oil to prepare usable lubestock
US4071438A (en) * 1976-06-03 1978-01-31 Vacsol Corporation Method of reclaiming waste oil by distillation and extraction
US4140212A (en) * 1977-08-19 1979-02-20 Vacsol Corporation Cyclonic distillation tower for waste oil rerefining process

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994007798A1 (fr) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-14 Viscolube Italiana S.P.A. Procede de reraffinage d'huiles usees
GR1002122B (en) * 1995-02-28 1996-02-06 Intemaco Ae Technology/method of old waste mineral oils distillation and slops for the production of oil by-products, like light hydrocarbon (gasoline-diesel) and heavy hydrocarbons (mineral oils fractions) etc. arrangement and specialization of machinery.
EP0747102A1 (fr) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-11 Enprotec International Group N.V. Méthode et dispositif amélioré pour raffiner des huiles
GB2301782A (en) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-18 Enprotec Int Group Nv Used oil re-refining
US5814207A (en) * 1995-06-08 1998-09-29 Enprotec International Group N.V. Oil re-refining method and apparatus
GB2301782B (en) * 1995-06-08 1998-11-25 Enprotec Int Group Nv Improved oil re-refining method and apparatus
USRE38366E1 (en) * 1995-06-08 2003-12-30 Avista Resources, Inc. Oil re-refining method and apparatus
CN100460039C (zh) * 2006-05-25 2009-02-11 涂晶 废润滑油的再生加工装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO170429C (no) 1992-10-14
NO910864D0 (no) 1991-03-05
EP0576497A1 (fr) 1994-01-05
NO170429B (no) 1992-07-06
AU1562892A (en) 1992-10-06

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