WO1992010381A1 - Automatic transmission - Google Patents

Automatic transmission Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992010381A1
WO1992010381A1 PCT/SE1991/000837 SE9100837W WO9210381A1 WO 1992010381 A1 WO1992010381 A1 WO 1992010381A1 SE 9100837 W SE9100837 W SE 9100837W WO 9210381 A1 WO9210381 A1 WO 9210381A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
shaft
clutch
gears
countershaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1991/000837
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Grzegorz Janiszewski
Original Assignee
Ab Volvo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ab Volvo filed Critical Ab Volvo
Publication of WO1992010381A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992010381A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F16H3/097—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts the input and output shafts being aligned on the same axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/10—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with one or more one-way clutches as an essential feature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic trans ⁇ mission for motor vehicles, comprising an input shaft driven by a torque converter, at least one counter ⁇ shaft, an output shaft and gears, grouped in pairs on the shaft, for driving the output shaft from the input shaft via the countershaft in the first direction, at least one gear in each gear pair being freely rotatable on its shaft and lockable to its shaft by means of a multi-disk wet leaf clutch and a shaft-mounted rotatable reversing gear, lockable by means of a clutch, engaging a gear on another shaft, via said reversing gear the output shaft being driveable in a direction opposite to said first direction when the clutch is engaged.
  • Automatic transmissions of this type are simpler and less expensive to manufacture than the usual type of automatic transmission using inter-engaging sets of planetary gears, the sun gear and/or annulus of which being locked or released with the aid of band brakes or leaf clutches.
  • the same type of brake or clutch is used for the reversing gear as for the forward gears.
  • it is however unsuitable to use a multi- disk wet leaf clutch for the reversing gear, since the relative rotation between the clutch leaves of the reversing gear when the vehicle is driven forward will be quite high, thus producing a powerful braking effect in the clutch.
  • the reversing gear has been provided with a dog clutch with synchronizing means.
  • the advantage of such a construc ⁇ tion is that the synchronizing torque will be high and it may be difficult to disengage reverse gear due to fact that the torque converter always imparts an input torque to the transmission.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission of the type described by way of introduc- • tion, in which the clutch for the reverse gear is simple and reliable and easy to engage and disengage when engaging and disengaging the reverse gear.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the torques that normally arise when backing are so low that it is not sufficient with a simple conical clutch, the engaging force of which is preferrably achieved by means of hydraulic pressure, to lock the reversing gear to its shaft by eliminating a clutch sleeve with shape- determined engagement with co-operating clutch elements, the risk is eliminated of jamming due to the input torque of the torque converter.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic end view of a transmission according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section along the line I- I in Figure 1.
  • the transmission shown in the Figures is a five-speed automatic transmission intended for rear-wheel drive.
  • the transmission has a housing 1 with an input shaft 2, which is driven by an engine (not shown) via a conven ⁇ tional torque converter 3.
  • the input shaft 2 has a pair of driving gears 4, 5 fixed to the shaft 2.
  • Driving gear 4 is in engagement with a rotatably mounted gear 8 on a first countershaft 6 and a driving gear 5 is in engage ⁇ ment with a rotatably mounted gear 9 on the second countershaft 7.
  • the gears 8 and 9 can be locked to their respective countershafts by means of first and second multi-disk interleaf wet clutches 10 and 11 respectively.
  • the input shaft 2 has a further gear 12 non-rotatably fixed to the shaft, said gear 12 engaging gear 13 rotatably mounted on countershafts 6 and gear 14 rotatably mounted on countershaft 7. Said gears 13 and . 14 can be locked to their respective shafts by third and fourth multi-disk interleaf wet clutches 15 and 16.
  • Countershaft 7 drives an output shaft 17 via a gear 19 non-rotatably joined to the countershaft 7 and engaging the gear 22 non-rotatably fixed to the output shaft 17.
  • Countershaft 6 drives the output shaft 17 via a gear 18 non-rotatably mounted on countershafts 6 and engaging a gear 21 mounted on said output shaft 17 via a one-way clutch 20.
  • the one-way clutch 20 can be locked by means of a multi-disk interleaf wet clutch 23.
  • the input and output shafts can be locked together by means of a multi-disk interleaf wet clutch 25.
  • gear 26 On the countershaft 6 there is mounted a gear 26 for rotation together with a gear 8.
  • Gear 26 engages a reversing gear 27 which is freely rotatably mounted on the countershaft 7 and can be locked onto the shafts 7 by means of a conical clutch, generally designated 28, which comprises a clutch cone 30 joined to an axially displaceable annular hydraulic piston 29.
  • a conical clutch generally designated 28 which comprises a clutch cone 30 joined to an axially displaceable annular hydraulic piston 29.
  • annular chamber 32 Between the piston 29 and an annular cylinder element 31, solidly joined to the shaft 7, there is delimited an annular chamber 32.
  • the piston 29 When oil is supplied to the chamber 32, the piston 29 is displaced axially and its clutch cone 30 is brought into engagement with a complementary clutch cone 33, which is solidly joined to reversing gear 27 so that it is locked to the countershaft 7.
  • Shifting in the transmission described is controlled by an electronic electro-processor regulated control system (not shown) , which
  • the invention provides a simple, reliable and compact design in which shifting to and from reverse gear is achieved without any risk for jamming and impact.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

Automatic transmission for motor vehicules with an input shaft (12) having gears in engagement with two countershafts (6, 7). The countershafts on the input and output shafts are arranged in a V-shape and the countershafts have gears (26, 27) for reverse gear in engagement with each other. One of said reversing gears (27) is rotatably mounted on its shaft (27) and can be locked by means of a conical clutch (28).

Description

Automatic transmission
The present invention relates to an automatic trans¬ mission for motor vehicles, comprising an input shaft driven by a torque converter, at least one counter¬ shaft, an output shaft and gears, grouped in pairs on the shaft, for driving the output shaft from the input shaft via the countershaft in the first direction, at least one gear in each gear pair being freely rotatable on its shaft and lockable to its shaft by means of a multi-disk wet leaf clutch and a shaft-mounted rotatable reversing gear, lockable by means of a clutch, engaging a gear on another shaft, via said reversing gear the output shaft being driveable in a direction opposite to said first direction when the clutch is engaged.
Automatic transmissions of this type are simpler and less expensive to manufacture than the usual type of automatic transmission using inter-engaging sets of planetary gears, the sun gear and/or annulus of which being locked or released with the aid of band brakes or leaf clutches. In these conventional automatic trans¬ missions, in principal the same type of brake or clutch is used for the reversing gear as for the forward gears. In automatic transmissions of the type described by way of introduction it is however unsuitable to use a multi- disk wet leaf clutch for the reversing gear, since the relative rotation between the clutch leaves of the reversing gear when the vehicle is driven forward will be quite high, thus producing a powerful braking effect in the clutch. For this reason, in a normal automatic transmissions of the type in question, the reversing gear has been provided with a dog clutch with synchronizing means. The advantage of such a construc¬ tion is that the synchronizing torque will be high and it may be difficult to disengage reverse gear due to fact that the torque converter always imparts an input torque to the transmission. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission of the type described by way of introduc- • tion, in which the clutch for the reverse gear is simple and reliable and easy to engage and disengage when engaging and disengaging the reverse gear.
This is achieved according to the invention by virtue of the fact that the reversing gear can be locked to its shaft merely by means of a conical clutch.
The invention is based on the fact that the torques that normally arise when backing are so low that it is not sufficient with a simple conical clutch, the engaging force of which is preferrably achieved by means of hydraulic pressure, to lock the reversing gear to its shaft by eliminating a clutch sleeve with shape- determined engagement with co-operating clutch elements, the risk is eliminated of jamming due to the input torque of the torque converter.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to an example shown in the accompanying drawings, where Figure 1 shows a schematic end view of a transmission according to the invention and Figure 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section along the line I- I in Figure 1.
The transmission shown in the Figures is a five-speed automatic transmission intended for rear-wheel drive.
The transmission has a housing 1 with an input shaft 2, which is driven by an engine (not shown) via a conven¬ tional torque converter 3. The input shaft 2 has a pair of driving gears 4, 5 fixed to the shaft 2. Driving gear 4 is in engagement with a rotatably mounted gear 8 on a first countershaft 6 and a driving gear 5 is in engage¬ ment with a rotatably mounted gear 9 on the second countershaft 7. The gears 8 and 9 can be locked to their respective countershafts by means of first and second multi-disk interleaf wet clutches 10 and 11 respectively.
The input shaft 2 has a further gear 12 non-rotatably fixed to the shaft, said gear 12 engaging gear 13 rotatably mounted on countershafts 6 and gear 14 rotatably mounted on countershaft 7. Said gears 13 and . 14 can be locked to their respective shafts by third and fourth multi-disk interleaf wet clutches 15 and 16. Countershaft 7 drives an output shaft 17 via a gear 19 non-rotatably joined to the countershaft 7 and engaging the gear 22 non-rotatably fixed to the output shaft 17. Countershaft 6 drives the output shaft 17 via a gear 18 non-rotatably mounted on countershafts 6 and engaging a gear 21 mounted on said output shaft 17 via a one-way clutch 20. The one-way clutch 20 can be locked by means of a multi-disk interleaf wet clutch 23. The input and output shafts can be locked together by means of a multi-disk interleaf wet clutch 25.
On the countershaft 6 there is mounted a gear 26 for rotation together with a gear 8. Gear 26 engages a reversing gear 27 which is freely rotatably mounted on the countershaft 7 and can be locked onto the shafts 7 by means of a conical clutch, generally designated 28, which comprises a clutch cone 30 joined to an axially displaceable annular hydraulic piston 29. Between the piston 29 and an annular cylinder element 31, solidly joined to the shaft 7, there is delimited an annular chamber 32. When oil is supplied to the chamber 32, the piston 29 is displaced axially and its clutch cone 30 is brought into engagement with a complementary clutch cone 33, which is solidly joined to reversing gear 27 so that it is locked to the countershaft 7. Shifting in the transmission described is controlled by an electronic electro-processor regulated control system (not shown) , which actuates th hydraulic operating system (not shown) , controlling the engagement and disengagement of the respective clutches.
In the different gear speeds, torque is transmitted from the input to the output shaft as follows:
first: gear pair 4, 8, clutch 10 engaged, gear pair 18, 21 and one-way clutch
20; second: gear pair 5, 9, clutch 11 engaged and gear pair 19, 22; third: gear pair 12, 13, clutch 15 engaged, gear pair 18, 22 and one-way clutch
20; fourth: gear pair 12, 14, clutch 16 engaged and gear pair 19, 22; fifth: clutch 25 engaged (direct drive) ; reverse: gear pair 4, 8, clutch 10 engaged, gear pair 26, 27, gear 28 engaged and gear pair 19, 22.
The invention provides a simple, reliable and compact design in which shifting to and from reverse gear is achieved without any risk for jamming and impact.

Claims

Claims
1. Automatic transmission for motor vehicles, comprising an input shaft driven by a torque converter, at least one countershaft, an output shaft and gears, grouped in pairs on the shafts for driving the output shaft from the input shaft via the countershaft in a first direc¬ tion, at least one gear in each gear pair being freely rotatable on its shaft and lockable to its shaft by means of a multi-disk wet leaf clutch and a shaft- mounted rotatable reversing gear, lockable by means of a clutch, engaging a gear on another shaft, via said reversing gear the output shaft being driveable in a direction opposite to said first direction when the clutch is engaged, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the reversing gear (27) can be locked to its shaft (7) merely by means of a conical clutch (28) .
2. Transmission according to claim 1, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the conical clutch (28) is hydraulically operated.
3. Transmission according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the input shaft (2) has gears (4, 5, 12) in engagement with gears (8, 9, 13, 14) on two countershafts, which one countershaft (7) carries the reversing gear (27) and the other counter¬ shaft (6) the gear (26) engaging the reversing gear.
PCT/SE1991/000837 1990-12-10 1991-12-05 Automatic transmission WO1992010381A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9003937-1 1990-12-10
SE9003937A SE467573B (en) 1990-12-10 1990-12-10 STEERING EXCHANGE AUTOMATVAEXELLAADA

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992010381A1 true WO1992010381A1 (en) 1992-06-25

Family

ID=20381149

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1991/000837 WO1992010381A1 (en) 1990-12-10 1991-12-05 Automatic transmission

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE467573B (en)
WO (1) WO1992010381A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008115133A1 (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-25 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Gear box for motor vehicles and motor vehicle comprising said gear box

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0110538A2 (en) * 1982-11-04 1984-06-13 Eaton Corporation Automatic transmission with extended range
GB2181800A (en) * 1985-10-18 1987-04-29 Twin Disc Inc Multi-speed reversible rotary power transmission
GB2223070A (en) * 1988-08-11 1990-03-28 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Automatic countershaft transmission for a motor vehicle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0110538A2 (en) * 1982-11-04 1984-06-13 Eaton Corporation Automatic transmission with extended range
GB2181800A (en) * 1985-10-18 1987-04-29 Twin Disc Inc Multi-speed reversible rotary power transmission
GB2223070A (en) * 1988-08-11 1990-03-28 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Automatic countershaft transmission for a motor vehicle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008115133A1 (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-25 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Gear box for motor vehicles and motor vehicle comprising said gear box
CN101668965B (en) * 2007-03-16 2012-06-13 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 Gear box for motor vehicles and motor vehicle comprising said gear box

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE467573B (en) 1992-08-10
SE9003937L (en) 1992-06-11
SE9003937D0 (en) 1990-12-10

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