WO1992008936A1 - Dispositif et procede de production de neige - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede de production de neige Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992008936A1
WO1992008936A1 PCT/AU1991/000512 AU9100512W WO9208936A1 WO 1992008936 A1 WO1992008936 A1 WO 1992008936A1 AU 9100512 W AU9100512 W AU 9100512W WO 9208936 A1 WO9208936 A1 WO 9208936A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
snow
production device
snow production
water
outlet means
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1991/000512
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew Boyd French
Original Assignee
Andrew Boyd French
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andrew Boyd French filed Critical Andrew Boyd French
Publication of WO1992008936A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992008936A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/10—Ice-skating or roller-skating rinks; Slopes or trails for skiing, ski-jumping or tobogganing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/044—Snow making using additional features, e.g. additives, liquid gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water
    • F25C2303/0481—Snow making by using means for spraying water with the use of compressed air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to certain improvements and modifications to a method and apparatus for making snow, and in particular, to providing improvements and modifications to a snowmaking method and apparatus, whereby snow can be produced in environments of any temperature, humidity, and/or other environmental factors.
  • the present invention relates to improvements and modifications to a method and apparatus for making snow, over those methods and apparatus described in the Applicant's previous Patent Applications, including Australian Provisional Patent Application Nos. PJ3019, PJ3133 and International Patent Application No.
  • prior art snowmaking production is controlled by the natural environmental weather conditions.
  • low temperatures and low humidity conditions are generally required.
  • conditions are often such that the temperature and/or humidity may be low, but the other environmental factors are still unsuitable for the production of man-made snow. This greatly restricts the suitable times during which snow can be made.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a snowmaking method and apparatus wherein the production of snow can be enabled 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, in any environmental conditions inclusive of high or low temperature, high or low humidity, and other variable environmental factors.
  • the present invention provides a snow production device, comprising:
  • the device is embodied wherein said water and/or said cryogenic fluid is/are supplied under pressure to said first and/or second outlet means, the pressurisation of said products being said means to cause the rapid flow and mixing of said products.
  • a fan and/or a pump is provided at the proximity of said outlet means to cause the rapid flow and mixing of the products.
  • said first outlet means comprises a nozzle provided at a first end of a housing and said second outlet means comprises a plurality of inwardly directed orifices provided about the inner surface of said housing, whereby snow is emitted from a second end of said housing.
  • said housing is frustro conically shaped.
  • pressurised gas is also provided at said first end of said housing such that the products are caused to mis and flow towards and through said second end of said housing.
  • the present invention also provides a method of producing snow, comprising the steps of: supplying water to a first outlet; supplying a cryogenic fluid to a second outlet; and causing the products to flow rapidly and mix such that the products emitted from said outlet means substantially mix and such that the temperature of said water is lowered to form snow.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a composite device of a cryogenic injection snow canon
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a modification of a snow gun, provided on the stanchion of a chair lift
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a centralised plant from which a plurality of pipes may extend therefrom to remote locations wherein snow guns are provided;
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a portable ski run which is constructed on a truck or trailer containing a liquid nitrogen or other cryogenic gas cylinder
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an alternative structure, wherein a ski slope is constructed in a building, with an ice-rink thereunder, or some other business which needs refrigeration which can be adapted to operate from the same air liquidification plant;
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a snow boarding construction
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a snow gun arrangement wherein cryogenic gas is provided in a conventional fan forced snow gun
  • Fig. 8 shows various suitable arrangements of input materials into a snow making device such that snow is outputted therefrom;
  • Fig. 9 illustrates an 'on-site' plant for the production of liquid air
  • Fig. 10 illustrates a procedure to replace conventional hot air compressors by utilising the pressure boiled off from liquid air
  • Fig. 11 illustrates a system for expelling excess vaporised air from the liquid air pipeline
  • Fig. 12 illustrates an electricity generator provided in combination with the snow maker of the present-invention
  • Fig. 13 illustrates an arrangement for production of snow which incorporates a means for dispersing the snow;
  • Fig. 14 illustrates an alternative arrangement useful for the dispersion of snow.
  • a snow making device generally designated by the numeral 1.
  • the device comprises a liquid nitrogen or other cryogenic holding tank 2, mounted on a pair of skids or skis 3.
  • the skids or skis 3 may utilise truck spring suspension means 4.
  • a nozzle arrangement 5 At a first end of the liquid nitrogen holding tank 2 is provided a nozzle arrangement 5.
  • the arrangement of the nozzle 5, illustrated in the drawing is that of a spiral feeder pipe with spray nozzles providing liquid nitrogen within the horn of the nozzle 5.
  • any other arrangement of nozzle may be provided, such as those illustrated in the Applicant's abovereferenced International PCT Application, or any modification thereof.
  • the second end of the liquid nitrogen holding tank 2 is provided with air and water inlet pipes 6.
  • various release valves and filling valves may be provided, such as a liquid nitrogen, air and water chiller release valve 7, a liquid nitrogen filling valve 8, and, a liquid nitrogen release valve 9.
  • the liquid nitrogen may be supplied by a feeder pipe 10 to the nozzle arrangement 5.
  • Liquid nitrogen may also be supplied via another feeder pipe 11 to the water and air chiller 12. The result is that snow is produced by means of the atomised water being emitted from the snow canon 13, such that the atomised water is chilled by the liquid nitrogen being provided within the nozzle arrangement 5, so that as the product is emitted from the outlet of the nozzle 14, the product is emitted as snow.
  • Fig. 2 is illustrated an arrangement where snow guns 15 may be provided on or adjacent to stanchions 16 of a chair lift arrangement generally designated by the numeral 17.
  • Water and liquid air pipes and/or compressed air 18 may be provided across the top of the stanchions 16 is parallel with the chair lift cables 19.
  • Fig. 3 is illustrated an arrangement of a snow making system wherein a centralised production facility is provided.
  • the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 3 shows a liquid air plant 20 having a plurality of liquid air pipes
  • any form of cold or cryogenic gas may. be provided as the chilling medium.
  • Compressed air or liquid air may be utilised in the production of the snow. That is, snow may be produced at the central location and then be pumped or flowed to the guns provided in spaced apart relationship, or, the various gases which are to be utilised in the production of snow may be pumped from the central facility and combined with water at the snow guns.
  • Snow guns may be provided which swivel, pop up from the ground, or, which can be raised and lowered as desired. Alternatively, the guns can be provided on a track or chain, rather than being in a fixed location.
  • roller-out flexible pipes may be utilised. This would be particularly preferred in a portable arrangement, wherein it is desired to cover a hill in snow in a temporary situation rather than in a permanent situation.
  • Fig. 4 is illustrated an arrangement wherein a ski may be provided, particularly in a temporary situation on or over the back of a truck or trailer 30.
  • the truck or trailer 30 may provide the suitable cryogenic gas such as liquid nitrogen, liquid air, etc.
  • suitable cryogenic gas such as liquid nitrogen, liquid air, etc.
  • the ground surface 31 wherein the snow is provided thereon may be constructed in a variety of manners, but preferably, it may be desirable to construct the ground surface such that water drainage of any snow which melts is enabled. This will ensure that the snow is kept dry, which enables better skiing conditions and longer life for the snow.
  • Such water drainage may be achieved either by using a granular material, such a gravel, which allows water flow therearound, or by constructing a surface with a plurality of holes, or the like therethrough to allow the water drainage.
  • Fig. 5 is illustrated a further construction for a ski slope arrangement.
  • a ski slope 35 is provided over the top of an ice-rink 36.
  • Each of these facilities namely the ice-rink or other facility and the ski slope, would serve a dual purposes, that is, aid each other to ensure that cold conditions were retained and run off the same air liquidification plant. That is, by constructing the ice-rink under the ski slope, cold conditions are maintained which would aid in the prevention of the melting of the snow.
  • the required cold environmental conditions are maintained, ensuring minimal melting of the ice on the ice-rink and both facilities run from the same plant.
  • the storage vessels or air liquidification plant 37 for the cryogenic gases may be provided in any suitable location.
  • Fig. 6 is illustrated an arrangement, which is perhaps analagous to a skateboarding rink adapted for snow boards. It can be built in sections and joined together to vary the length, if needed. Both this and indoor ski fields can have underground refrigeration if desired.
  • the arrangement, generally designated by the numeral 50 is shown having a series of steps 51 which aid to maintain the snow 52 in the desired locations. Additionally, baffle arrangements 53 may be provided which extend and prevent erosion of the snow to the bottom of the arrangement 50.
  • a conventional fan forced type snow gun 60 In many conventional snow guns, wherein snow is normally produced at below zero temperatures, atomised water is fan forced into the air, the suitable environmental conditions thus turning the atomised water into snow.
  • a fan 61 may be provided to blow atomised water through the snow gun, however, in this case, cryogenic gases may be utilised in conjunction therewith, such that the environmental conditions suitable for the production of the snow are simulated.
  • a plurality of nozzles 62 may be provided some of these nozzles can for instance provide the water and some of these nozzles can provide the cryogenic gases such as nitrogen.
  • Fig. 8 is illustrated various combinations of input material suitable for the production of snow. It should be understood that whilst these arrangements are provided for illustrative purposes, the present invention should not be considered to be limited to such arrangements. In each arrangement, some form of water must be provided. Naturally, this may also be provided as steam. Mixed with the water in the arrangements illustrated is air and/or liquid and/or liquid air and/or an aerating device.
  • the 'base' material may be utilised as the 'base' material, other than water.
  • saltwater could be utilised, and such material may be particularly preferable for the production of snow at seaside locations, or on boats.
  • Fig. 9 is illustrated an 'on-site' plant for the production of liquid air, which may be utilised in conjunction with the snowmaking device, of the present invention. This is particularly useful at fairly remote locations, which are invariably the site for skifields.
  • air is supplied to the system by an air intake means 63.
  • the air may optionally be passed through a primary purifying unit 64 for the extraction of moisture and C0 2 before the air enters the compressor 64. This helps to prevent buildup in the unit and air lines.
  • the air then passes through a heat exchanger means 65, to lower the temperature before being emitted at the output 66 thereof as liquid air.
  • the liquid air may be transferred to a storage tank 67 for subsequent use thereof.
  • liquid air need not be produced in this process.
  • the process could selectively utilise nitrogen from the air to produce liquid nitrogen, or any other gas may be processed.
  • Fig. 10 is illustrated a block diagram of a procedure to replace the conventional hot air compressors by utilising the pressure from boiled-off liquid air.
  • liquid air is outputted.
  • This may be the heat exchanger 65 shown in Fig. 9.
  • liquid air, or other cryogenic gas may be sent to a boil-off unit 71, the output of the boil-off unit 71 being capable of supplying cold boiled off air to replace the hot air at the snow guns.
  • Fig. 11 is illustrated a system for expelling excess vaporised air from the liquid air pipelines. It also illustrates a subsequent use for the expelled gas such that it is not simply wasted to the environment.
  • water, liquid air and cold air are mainly utilised as the input constituents to the snow gun.
  • the arrangement of Fig. 11 illustrates these constituent ingredients provided to the snow gun -72 via pines 73, 74 and 75.
  • the pipe would be insulated from the surrounding environment by conventional known insulation means, e.g. by air oil vacuum jacket, the temperature of the liquid air, or other cryogenic gas, would be prone to increase.
  • a check valve 76 can therefore be provided to release any gasified air in the line from the pipe 74. Rather than release the gasified air into the surrounding environment, lines 77 and 78 may supply the gasified air into the other pipes 73 and 75 for further cooling of the water and air therein.
  • Fig. 12 is shown an arrangement for the production of electricity at the snow maker location.
  • the liquid air or cryogenic gas is provided either on site in a pressurised cylinder or via pipes from a central plant facility. In either case, it is provided under pressure e.g. 650 psi.
  • the pressure of this gas or liquid can be tapped to operate a turbine generator for the production of electricity at the snow making location.
  • the electricity produced can be then utilised for snowmaking or other miscellaneous purposes at this remote location.
  • Fig. 12(a) shows an elevational view of such an electricity generation arrangement
  • Fig. 12(b) shows a plan view of same.
  • the figures illustrate a turbine 79 provided in a pipe 80, the liquid or gas flowing in the direction indicated by arrows 81, such that the turbine 79 is connected to a generator 82.
  • a device 90 wherein snow can be produced under controlled environmental conditions. Then, when the snow is required to be supplied onto a ground surface or the like, a compressed air operated gun 91 provided at the bottom of the housing 90 and propelled by a supply of compressed air 92, can spray the snow within the housing via the outlet 93. It is shown that the housing 90 has sloped lower sides therein directing the snow towards the inlet of the gun 91.
  • Fig. 14 is illustrated a housing 94 into which snow is sprayed via the snow gun 96 and contained therein.
  • the housing 94 is suspended via hangers 97 from a roof-like surface.
  • the housing 94 is shaken such that the snow therein 98 falls through a sieve like structure 95 which forms the lower surface of the housing 94, creating an even snow fall effect.
  • the devices shown in Figs. 13 and 14 would be particularly useful for creating special effects of snow scenes in movies, on stage, etc.
  • the devices in Figs. 13 and 14 will be understood to be able to provide a controlled amount of snow fall when required at the required location.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif (1) produisant de la neige, comprenant un premier moyen d'écoulement (13) à travers lequel le dispositif est alimenté en eau, et un second moyen d'écoulement (10) à travers lequel il est alimenté en un fluide cryogénique. On prévoit aussi des moyens servant à produire l'écoulement et le mélange rapides de l'eau et du fluide cryogénique à proximité des moyens d'écoulement (13) et (10). Lors du fonctionnement, les produits provenant des moyens d'écoulement (13) et (10) se mélangent sensiblement de sorte que la température de l'eau fournie à travers le moyen d'écoulement (13) est abaissée pour former de la neige (14). De préférence, un carter en tronc de cône (5) est utilisé, le fluide cryogénique qui l'alimente passant en spirales autour de l'intérieur du carter. Lorsque l'eau passe de la tuyère (13) à travers le fluide cryogénique, sa température est réduite et elle est évacuée sous forme de neige.
PCT/AU1991/000512 1990-11-07 1991-11-07 Dispositif et procede de production de neige WO1992008936A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPK3216 1990-11-07
AUPK321690 1990-11-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992008936A1 true WO1992008936A1 (fr) 1992-05-29

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PCT/AU1991/000512 WO1992008936A1 (fr) 1990-11-07 1991-11-07 Dispositif et procede de production de neige

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WO (1) WO1992008936A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2276227A (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-09-21 Boc Group Plc Apparatus for depositing solid carbon dioxide on items to be refrigerated
US6402047B1 (en) 1999-10-29 2002-06-11 Kevin S. Thomas Snow making apparatus and method
AT413883B (de) * 2004-10-29 2006-07-15 Gerhard Dr Hofer Verfahren zur herstellung von kunstschnee sowie schneekanone zur durchführung des verfahrens
DE102005013140A1 (de) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Messer Austria Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines kalten Gasstroms
US8784223B2 (en) 2003-11-03 2014-07-22 Dean C. Talafous Skating training system
JP2018091607A (ja) * 2016-11-28 2018-06-14 三菱重工冷熱株式会社 吹雪の発生方法および吹雪の発生装置
EP3647689A1 (fr) * 2018-11-02 2020-05-06 Bartholet Maschinenbau AG Système d'enneigement ainsi que procédé d'enneigement artificiel
EP3940318A1 (fr) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-19 Technoalpin France Installation de production de neige de culture

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2968164A (en) * 1958-02-24 1961-01-17 Alden W Hanson Method of generating snow
US3372872A (en) * 1966-07-26 1968-03-12 George F. Le Bus Artificial snow production
US3762176A (en) * 1969-09-18 1973-10-02 B Coggins Method and apparatus for making snow
FR2594528A1 (fr) * 1986-02-20 1987-08-21 Petavit Ets Embout de melange de fluides pour appareil de fabrication de neige artificielle
JPS63254363A (ja) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-21 三洋電機株式会社 冷温切換型吸収冷凍機の抽気装置
WO1990010183A1 (fr) * 1989-03-01 1990-09-07 Andrew Boyd French Procede et dispositif de fabrication de neige artificielle

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2968164A (en) * 1958-02-24 1961-01-17 Alden W Hanson Method of generating snow
US3372872A (en) * 1966-07-26 1968-03-12 George F. Le Bus Artificial snow production
US3762176A (en) * 1969-09-18 1973-10-02 B Coggins Method and apparatus for making snow
FR2594528A1 (fr) * 1986-02-20 1987-08-21 Petavit Ets Embout de melange de fluides pour appareil de fabrication de neige artificielle
JPS63254363A (ja) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-21 三洋電機株式会社 冷温切換型吸収冷凍機の抽気装置
WO1990010183A1 (fr) * 1989-03-01 1990-09-07 Andrew Boyd French Procede et dispositif de fabrication de neige artificielle

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, 150 M, 993; & JP,A,63 254 363 (IWATANI INTERNATL CORP), 13 April 1990. *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2276227A (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-09-21 Boc Group Plc Apparatus for depositing solid carbon dioxide on items to be refrigerated
US5553466A (en) * 1993-01-22 1996-09-10 The Boc Group Plc Refrigeration apparatus
GB2276227B (en) * 1993-01-22 1996-09-25 Boc Group Plc Refrigeration apparatus
US6402047B1 (en) 1999-10-29 2002-06-11 Kevin S. Thomas Snow making apparatus and method
US8784223B2 (en) 2003-11-03 2014-07-22 Dean C. Talafous Skating training system
AT413883B (de) * 2004-10-29 2006-07-15 Gerhard Dr Hofer Verfahren zur herstellung von kunstschnee sowie schneekanone zur durchführung des verfahrens
DE102005013140A1 (de) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Messer Austria Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines kalten Gasstroms
JP2018091607A (ja) * 2016-11-28 2018-06-14 三菱重工冷熱株式会社 吹雪の発生方法および吹雪の発生装置
EP3647689A1 (fr) * 2018-11-02 2020-05-06 Bartholet Maschinenbau AG Système d'enneigement ainsi que procédé d'enneigement artificiel
EP3940318A1 (fr) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-19 Technoalpin France Installation de production de neige de culture
FR3112596A1 (fr) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-21 Technoalpin France Installation de production de neige de culture

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