WO1992006039A1 - Procede et appareil d'absorption de petrole utilisant une vessie remplaçable - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'absorption de petrole utilisant une vessie remplaçable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992006039A1
WO1992006039A1 PCT/US1991/007298 US9107298W WO9206039A1 WO 1992006039 A1 WO1992006039 A1 WO 1992006039A1 US 9107298 W US9107298 W US 9107298W WO 9206039 A1 WO9206039 A1 WO 9206039A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bladder
water
cells
preselected
hazardous
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1991/007298
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alan R. Hill
Original Assignee
Hill Alan R
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hill Alan R filed Critical Hill Alan R
Publication of WO1992006039A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992006039A1/fr
Priority to EP19920922751 priority Critical patent/EP0618883A4/en
Priority to AU28876/92A priority patent/AU2887692A/en
Priority to PCT/US1992/008854 priority patent/WO1993007090A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/06—Barriers therefor construed for applying processing agents or for collecting pollutants, e.g. absorbent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to clean-up of hazardous fluid waste material such as that containing oil or petroleum products, and removal of such material from bodies of water, and more particularly, to the use of oleophilic sorbent material such as waterfowl feathers contained in a porous bladder and insertably removable from within a reusable mesh carrier apparatus.
  • oleophilic sorbent material such as waterfowl feathers contained in a porous bladder and insertably removable from within a reusable mesh carrier apparatus.
  • '820 worked well for the intended purpose of rapid removal of petroleum from water bodies after an oil spill, but it did require some storage space for the apparatus. Further, for the ap- paratus to be reused, the entire apparatus had to be removed from the body of water, routed through a device to squeeze out the absorbed oil and then reinserted into the body of water. During the time the apparatus was out of the water, the oil slick was unconfined and could spread. '820 attempted to solve this problem by providing a second apparatus parallel to the first apparatus which would con- fine the oil slick while the first apparatus was being removed. The first apparatus would then be reinserted into the water behind the second apparatus a difficult feat of topology if performed from a small service boat.
  • the disposal of the entire *820 ap- paratus continues to be an unsolved problem in view of the considerable size of the used apparatus saturated with oil and having a percentage of the apparatus which may be com- posed of non-biodegradable material such as fiber glass mesh coated with polyvinyl resin.
  • the used '820 apparatus could present a toxic waste disposal problem of a dif- ferent character.
  • the object of the present invention is to in- crease the convenience, versatility, and provide a solu- tion to the disposal problem presented by the '820 ap- paratus.
  • the bladder taught by this invention could be removably inserted into the '820 boom to initially provide the sorbent material and when saturated replaced without removal of the entire '820 apparatus from the surface of the water. This will simplify the use of '820 and aid in eliminating the disposal problems.
  • Another U.S. Patent, Serial No. 4,752,393 ('393) provides an apparatus which forms a pathway to skim the hazardous material from the surface of the water while providing a surface boom and sub-surface curtain for con- tainment.
  • the '393 apparatus incorporates flotation material to provide the neutral buoyancy to the device. It further incorporates spring steel coils to maintain the boom in a spherical cross section configuration.
  • this device be easy to store and easy to use at a moments notice. It is further desired that the device not itself present a safety hazard to the user during replacement in the boom carrier apparatus such as either the '820 or the '393 apparatus. It is yet further desired that the device itself not add to the accumulation of hazardous fluid waste.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present in- vention to provide a reusable, replaceable sorbent con- tained in a bladder for use in a carrier device. It is another object of the present invention to provide a carrier device which forms a boom for contain- ment of the hazardous waste while the sorbent in the blad- der absorbs the waste.
  • the car- rier may be fabricated of flexible or non-flexible mesh of a preselected grid size.
  • the carrier may be fabricated of sorbent or non-sorbent material.
  • the bladder may contain natural oleophilic sorbent material such as waterfowl feathers, or manufactured oil sorbents available from such sources as 3M Company.
  • the bladder material is selected to be fabricated from oleophilic sorbent material yet ad- mit the liquid hazardous waste material such as a water/petroleum mousse for absorption of the hazardous waste by the oleophilic sorbent material contained therein.
  • U.S. Patent 4,919,820 teaches the use of water- fowl feathers in the preferred embodiment because such feathers do not absorb water but do absorb the oil or oil based waste.
  • the teaching of *820 to use waterfowl feathers is incorporated herein but greatly expanded with the use of a bladder to contain the feathers.
  • the feather stuffed bladder may be inserted into a carrier such as the non- sorbent, polyvinyl coated fiber glass discussed in *820 or a formed carrier as discussed in '393.
  • the apparatus of the bladder and carrier may be formed as a boom to surround and aid in the containment of the spill while allowing the hazardous material containing oil or petroleum products to be absorbed.
  • the used blad- der may be removed from the carrier and a new bladder in- serted. Or the entire apparatus may then be removed from the water, packaged for handling and removed to a disposal site.
  • the carrier in the preferred embodiment is fabricated from mesh as a series of individual cells.
  • Each cell contains a preselected amount of waterfowl feathers or other sorbent material.
  • One seam of the mesh carrier may be constructed to be openably closeable.
  • the waterfowl feathers may be prepackaged in a biodegradable mesh to be insertably removable from a cell. After the apparatus is exposed to the water/oil mixture and removed, each cell is opened, the oil saturated, prepackaged water- fowl feather bladder is removed, a fresh prepackaged waterfowl bladder is inserted and the cell is closed. The recharged apparatus may be re-used and the process repeated. Because sorbents such as waterfowl feathers float, the bladder filled apparatus my lie upon the upper surface of the oil/water mousse.
  • the amount of contact with the mousse will increase as the feathers absorb oil, become heavier, and sink the apparatus below the surface of the mousse.
  • this initial flotation configura- tion increases the time required to recover and control the oil spill.
  • a section of "lead line” may be attached along one seam of the apparatus to sink one edge. This con- figuration will increase the angle of attack between the surface of the mousse and the plane of the apparatus aiding in reducing the exposure time required to absorb and raising the opposite edge above the surface to form a fence to better contain the mousse.
  • the leading surface of *393 may be a mesh material and the trailing surface may be solid material.
  • the bladder may be removed from a cell structure in '393 without letting the oil slick escape the containment of a single boom configuration of the *393 type carrier.
  • the bladder is shaped to be elongated and coupleable in series.
  • the carrier is fabricated with closeable openings adjacent each end of the bladder.
  • a fresh bladder is coupled to one end of an exposed bladder held in the car- rier.
  • the exposed bladder is removed from the carrier by the other end.
  • the fresh bladder is pulled into the car- rier as the exposed bladder is removed. This process of tending the boom may be done from a small boat next to the deployed boom.
  • the carrier is fabri- cated from rigid mesh such as chain link fence or the like.
  • the carrier is fabricated in attachable modules.
  • Each module may be of a preselected length to provide a sub-surface barrier and an above surface barrier to the hazardous waste while deployed in a rough sea.
  • Floats may be attached to the modules so that six feet of the module is beneath the surface and four feet rise above the sur- face.
  • Each module contains cells to hold a plurality of bladders.
  • the cells may be vertical and may have addi- tional cells extending horizontally at the water line.
  • the modules may be connected in series to form a boom.
  • the bladder may be fabricated of a mesh material. In one embodiment, the material is a fine mesh with a consistency much like muslin. In yet another embodiment of the present inven- tion, the bladder may be fabricated of a coarse mesh.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a carrier ap- paratus for the bladder;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of an assembled series of the carrier cells;
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the bladder;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of another em- bodiment of the carrier apparatus;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a assembled series of cells and replaceable bladder;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of another em- bodiment of a module carrier apparatus.
  • Figure 1 a perspective view of an outer car- rier, generally designated 10, for a bladder, generally designated 20 in Figure 3.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an elon- gated sheet 101 of woven or pressed flexible mesh material folded generally in half and may be heat sealed or similarly fastened at preselected intervals along a plurality of seams 102 generally perpendicular to the fold 109 to form a series of cells 103.
  • the sheet 101 may be made of ARLAND, the commer- cial, trademarked name for polyvinyl coated, woven fiber glass mesh. ARLAND is available in may different sized mesh and colors.
  • the preferred embodiment is fabricated of bright orange colored ARLAND so that the resulting boom is easily visible on the surface of the water.
  • hazardous materials which may be petroleum based
  • the method and apparatus taught by the invention may be used as a pad of a preselected number of cells filled with a bladder of sorbent material to absorb the hazardous materials.
  • the sheet 101 has a preselected size of mesh grid. The size should be small enough to contain the bladder filled with sorbent material such as waterfowl fathers yet allow the hazardous waste such as a mousse of water and petroleum to freely flow through the grid.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a series of cells 103 with edges 104 forming apertures in the seam 102 near the fold line 109 of the sheet 101.
  • Grommets 105 may be inserted into the edges 104.
  • the grommets 105 should be made of nonmetallic, non-corrosive material such as nylon. Weights may be mount. I in or through the grommets 105.
  • a length of "lead line" 106 is threaded through the grommets 105. Exposed ends of the lead line 106 may be formed in a loop 107 so that sections of the arrangement 10 may be attached to form a long boom to surround and aid in the containment of the oil spill. The preferred attachment is to overlap the end cells of each section.
  • the lead line 106 will cause the folded edge 109 of the carrier 10 to sink below the top surface of the oil and water mixture.
  • the openable edge 108 of the carrier 10 will have a tendency to ride higher in the water thus changing the angle of attack of the carrier 10 from initially floating essentially flat on the surface of the mousse to being partially below the surface, with the fold 109 edge submerged.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the prepackaged bladder generally designated 20.
  • the bladder 20 is fabricated of a material preselected to contain the sorbent such as water- fowl feathers 200. It is desired that material such as cotton fish net, cotton muslin or other biodegradable sub- stance be selected.
  • the fabric used to make the bladder should have warp and woof elements of the grid close enough to prevent the sorbent material such as waterfowl feathers from falling out. If too coarse a mesh is selected, the process of filling the bladder with waterfowl feathers under air stream pressure may result in too many feathers being blown out of the bladder.
  • a fine mesh with a grid separation of .01 mm may be preferred to contain the 3M sorbent as well as the waterfowl feathers if the bladder is to be filled by blowing the feathers into the bladder.
  • the grid material of bladder 20 should be strong enough to withstand heavy stress of being shoved or pulled into the cells.
  • the purpose of the bladder 20 is to allow the cells of the carrier 10 to be charged/recharged with sor- bent material such as waterfowl feathers.
  • the outer surface of the bladder may be lightly spray coated with a water soluble, biodegradable adhesive to contain sorbent within the mesh and prevent bleeding of the sor- bent in handling, packaging and deployment.
  • An adhesive with a pitch base is available from Triangle Associates, Los Angeles, CA. This adhesive is biodegradable and ap- proved for use by the Environmental Protection Agency.
  • the charge of oil impregnated sorbent material such as waterfowl feathers will readily adhere in mass with little assis- tance from the grid. It is this exposed mass which may be removed from the carrier 10 for disposal and possible post processing to recovery part of the spilled petroleum product.
  • the carrier 10 may be re-used many times.
  • the openable edges 108 of the cells 103 may be closeable by such means as a chain stitched nylon thread, a nylon zipper or nylon snaps.
  • the closing means should be non-corrosive, non- sorbent material which is not clogged by the mousse.
  • the zipper or snaps should be capable of many cycles.
  • FIG. 4 there is illustrated another carrier 40 fabricated in a shape similar to that taught by U.S. Patent, Serial No. 4,752,393, as modified according to the teachings of this invention.
  • the carrier 40 contains a body 401, generally circular or other preselected shape, forming a boom and a curtain 402 attached to the body 401.
  • a length of lead line 106 may be mounted on the edge of the curtain 402 remote from the body 401 to deploy the curtain 402 in a vertical hanging configuration.
  • This curtain 402 aids in the containment of the hazardous waste by containing the waste which would slip under the boom formed by the body 401.
  • the body 401 may be fabricated entirely of mesh material or just mesh material for the leading edge 410 and a solid sheet material for the trailing edge 411 of the boom.
  • the carrier 40 is deployed with the leading edge 410 nearest the hazardous material.
  • a bladder 420 containing sorbent material is mounted inside the body 401. The hazardous material may then flow through the leading edge 410 mesh to be absorbed by the bladder 420.
  • a second length of lead line 106 may be mounted on the lower segment of the leading edge 410 so that the leading edge 410 is pulled into the mousse contained by the boom.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the fabrication of the body 401 as a series of cells 403 with openable edges 408.
  • the user may open a edge 408 on one end of a cell 403, attach a fresh bladder 420 to the end of the exposed bladder 420.
  • the user may then open the other edge 408 of the cell 403 to extract the exposed bladder 420 while pulling the fresh bladder 420 into the carrier 40.
  • the solid sheet material trailing edge 411 will contain the hazardous waste within the boom.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates yet another carrier embodi- ment 60 of the present invention fabricated of non- flexible mesh material.
  • This carrier 60 is capable of being deployed in a rough sea environment.
  • a ridged sheet of mesh material forms a back plane 601.
  • a plurality of rigid mesh panels 602 are mounted at a preselected angle to the back plane 601 to form cells 603.
  • the panels 602 form an open seam 604 between unattached open edges 608.
  • the open seam will allow a tool to be attached to one end of the bladder 620, run down the length of the open edge 608 and then disconnected from the bladder 620 to install the bladder within the cell 603.
  • Floats 630 may be mounted on the cells 603 or on the back plane 601 to provide a neutral buoyancy with bladders 620 installed whereby the carrier 60 will ride with approximately 3/4 of its vertical length under the surface with the remainder above the surface thereby form- ing a fence to contain the hazardous material.
  • the mesh panels 602 allow the hazardous waste to come into contact with the sorbent within the bladders 620.
  • the length of the back plane 601 in this embodiment is approximately 10 feet to allow the carrier 60 to form an effective fence for containment of hazardous waste spilled in waters with 3 foot waves.
  • the floats should be attached about 2/3 of the way between the bottom and the top so that the ar- rangement will sit vertically in the water without tipping over.
  • a plurality of catches and matching latches 605 may be mounted along the edges of the back plane 601 whereby the user may attach a series of the carriers 60 to form a boom. Since certain change may be made in the above apparatus without departing from the scope of the inven- tion herein involved, it is intended that all matter con- tained in the above description, as shown in the accom- panying drawing, shall be interpreted in an illustrative, and not a limiting sense.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé d'élimination de matières résiduelles fluides dangereuses d'une masse d'eau consistant à exposer un support (10) contenant un vessie poreuse (20) remplie d'une matière de sorption aux résidus puis à retirer ledit support (10). La vessie exposée (20) peut être retirée du support (10) afin d'éliminer les résidus. Le support (10) peut être rechargé avec une vessie neuve (20) et réutilisé. L'invention concerne également un appareil d'élimination de matières résiduelles fluides dangereuses comportant un support (10) destiné à une vessie poreuse (20) remplie d'agent de sorption tel que des plumes d'oiseaux aquatiques. Le support (10) est fabriqué de manière à permettre le retrait d'une vessie exposée (20) et son remplacement par une vessie neuve sans retirer l'appareil de la surface de l'eau tout en contenant l'ensemble des déchets dangereux. Le support (10) peut être fait d'une matière à mailles souples (20) ou rigides. On peut appliquer un revêtement adhésif sur ladite vessie (20) afin d'aider à contenir la matière de sorption à l'intérieur de la vessie (20) notamment pendant la manipulation.
PCT/US1991/007298 1990-10-09 1991-10-08 Procede et appareil d'absorption de petrole utilisant une vessie remplaçable WO1992006039A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19920922751 EP0618883A4 (en) 1991-10-08 1992-10-08 Oil absorption method and apparatus utilizing a replaceable bladder.
AU28876/92A AU2887692A (en) 1991-10-08 1992-10-08 Oil absorption method and apparatus utilizing a replaceable bladder
PCT/US1992/008854 WO1993007090A1 (fr) 1991-10-08 1992-10-08 Procede et appareil d'absorption d'huile au moyen d'une vessie remplacable

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59404590A 1990-10-09 1990-10-09
US594,045 1990-10-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992006039A1 true WO1992006039A1 (fr) 1992-04-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1991/007298 WO1992006039A1 (fr) 1990-10-09 1991-10-08 Procede et appareil d'absorption de petrole utilisant une vessie remplaçable

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8916891A (fr)
WO (1) WO1992006039A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6767162B2 (en) * 2000-12-29 2004-07-27 Kepner Plastics Fabricators, Inc. System and apparatus for rapidly installed breakwater

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4111813A (en) * 1976-10-05 1978-09-05 Paul Preus Hydrocarbon containment and control systems
US4497712A (en) * 1983-10-14 1985-02-05 Geotech Development Corporation Absorbent pillow
US4752393A (en) * 1984-11-14 1988-06-21 Frank Meyers Contamination control boom arrangement
US4919820A (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-04-24 Lafay William T Oil absorption method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4111813A (en) * 1976-10-05 1978-09-05 Paul Preus Hydrocarbon containment and control systems
US4497712A (en) * 1983-10-14 1985-02-05 Geotech Development Corporation Absorbent pillow
US4752393A (en) * 1984-11-14 1988-06-21 Frank Meyers Contamination control boom arrangement
US4919820A (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-04-24 Lafay William T Oil absorption method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6767162B2 (en) * 2000-12-29 2004-07-27 Kepner Plastics Fabricators, Inc. System and apparatus for rapidly installed breakwater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8916891A (en) 1992-04-28

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