WO1992003262A1 - Tightening device for a threaded fastener - Google Patents

Tightening device for a threaded fastener Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992003262A1
WO1992003262A1 PCT/AU1991/000370 AU9100370W WO9203262A1 WO 1992003262 A1 WO1992003262 A1 WO 1992003262A1 AU 9100370 W AU9100370 W AU 9100370W WO 9203262 A1 WO9203262 A1 WO 9203262A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
torque
socket portion
socket
tightening device
zone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1991/000370
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ian Alexander Paterson
David Richard Brooks
Original Assignee
Ramset Fasteners (Aust.) Pty. Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ramset Fasteners (Aust.) Pty. Limited filed Critical Ramset Fasteners (Aust.) Pty. Limited
Publication of WO1992003262A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992003262A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1415—Break members; Arrangements specially adapted for break-bolts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
    • F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
    • F16B31/021—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load by means of a frangible part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/95—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass with markings, colours, indicators or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for tightening a threaded fastener to a prescribed torque and more particularly, but not exclusively, to a device for tightening to a prescribed torque an expansion bolt or nut of a masonry anchor.
  • masonry anchor comprises a sleeve which is expanded into engagement with the wall of a hole drilled into masonry by drawing an expansion element into the sleeve upon tightening of a bolt or nut of the anchor.
  • a tightening device for a threaded fastener such as a bolt or nut, comprising a socket portion for co-operation with the threaded fastener, a driving portion spaced from the socket portion and shaped for engagement by torque-applying means; and a torque-transmitting zone connecting the driving portion to the socket portion, said torque-transmitting zone being integral with the body portion and socket portion and adapted to shear at the application of a predetermined torque.
  • the torque-transmitting zone is of thin walled form, preferably of annular form.
  • the annular torque- transmitting zone is defined by an annular land extending between the base of an annular groove opening onto the external surface of the device and an axial bore within the interior of the device whereby the torque characteristics can be varied by changing the depth of the groove and/or the diameter of the bore.
  • the driving portion preferably completely separates from the socket portion on shearing of the torque-transmitting zone, and advantageously, the socket portion is a tamper-resistant fit on the bolt head or nut whereby to remain attached to the bolt head or nut so as to provide visual indication of removal of the socket portion therefrom after shearing of the torque-transmitting zone.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a torque limiting tightening device in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is an end elevation in the direction of arrow A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an end elevation in the direction of arrow B in Figure 1; and Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through the device.
  • a tightening device for a bolt or nut and more particularly, but not exclusively, for a bolt or nut of a masonry anchor of the type described above incorporating an expansion sleeve which is expanded by the application of torque to the bolt or nut to draw an expansion element into the sleeve.
  • the tightening device is in the form of a torque limiting socket 2 comprising a socket portion 4 adapted to fit over the bolt head or nut and having an internal profile to provide driving engagement with the bolt head or nut, and axially spaced from the socket portion 4, a driving portion 6 having an external profile shaped to cooperate with a wrench or spanner.
  • the driving portion 6 is of hexagonal shape.
  • the driving portion 6 is of hollow construction to provide a cylindrical bore 8.
  • the body of the socket between the driving portion 6 and the socket portion 4 includes an external annular groove 10 the base of which lies adjacent to the end portion of the cylindrical bore 8 whereby the groove 10 and bore 8 define a thin-walled annular zone or land 12 between the driving portion 6 and the socket portion 4 and via which torque is transmitted from the driving portion 6 to the socket portion 4.
  • the thin-walled annular zone 12 will break whereby the driving portion 6 separates from the socket portion 4 thereby preventing the application of further torque.
  • the socket is integrally formed by moulding from a suitable plastics or alloy.
  • the torque-limiting function is achieved by shearing of a thin-walled zone and the torque at which shearing occurs is accurately determinable and is repeatable from sample to sample.
  • the torque characteristics can be varied simply by varying the width of the land 12 and hence by altering the depth of the groove 10 and/or the diameter of the bore 8.
  • the depth of the groove 10 and the diameter of the bore 8 can be altered simply, by using a different insert in the relevant section of the mould. Accordingly a range of torque limiting sockets to suit different torque conditions can easily be achieved without effecting any significant redesign.
  • the socket portion 4 is so constructed as to remain attached to the bolt head or nut after the annular zone 12 has sheared and the driving portion 6 has separated from the socket portion 4 in order to provide a visual indication that the bolt or nut has been driven to the prescribed torque and hence that the masonry anchor has been correctly set.
  • the external surface of the socket portion 4 is also of a profile (as shown a cylindrical profile), which ensures that it cannot easily be gripped by a wrench in order to apply additional torque directly to the socket portion 4 after shearing of the driving portion 6.
  • the socket portion 4 may be sized to be a tight fit on the bolt head or nut, and/ or the socket portion 4 may include at its outer end lugs which snap into engagement over the remote edge of the bolt head or nut.
  • the retention of the socket portion 4 is achieved by shaping the internal profile of the socket portion 4 to provide a hexagonal profile with the sides of the hexagon being somewhat convex to provide high contact pressure with the flats of the bolt head or nut.
  • Torque limiting driving sockets as described herein can be provided separately from the masonry anchors (or other components) with which they are to be used and no modification is required to the anchor itself.
  • a range of sockets can be provided to suit different torque conditions and the individual sockets within the range can be colour-coded in order to permit ease of identification.
  • the torque limiting socket can be moulded around the head of a bolt whereby the head of the bolt is embedded within the socket portion 4 during manufacture.

Abstract

A torque-limiting driving socket for a nut or bolt comprises a socket portion (4) which receives the nut or bolt head and a hexagonal driving portion (6) for engagement with a spanner or wrench. The driving portion (6) is connected to the socket portion (4) by a thin-walled annular zone which breaks upon the application of a predetermined torque to separate the driving portion (6) from the socket portion (4). The socket is integrally moulded in a plastics material and the torque characteristics can be modified by modifying the thickness of the annular zone (12) by the incorporation of suitable inserts into the mould.

Description

"TIGHTENING DEVICE FOR A THREADED FASTENER"
The present invention relates to a device for tightening a threaded fastener to a prescribed torque and more particularly, but not exclusively, to a device for tightening to a prescribed torque an expansion bolt or nut of a masonry anchor.
One well known form of masonry anchor comprises a sleeve which is expanded into engagement with the wall of a hole drilled into masonry by drawing an expansion element into the sleeve upon tightening of a bolt or nut of the anchor. When an anchor of this type is used in a high stress fixing application it is necessary that the bolt or nut is tightened to a specified torque. Although this can be achieved by using a torque wrench, these are not always readily available on a building site and, furthermore, even if a torque wrench has been used, it cannot be ascertained on subsequent inspection that the fastener has been tightened to the required torque.
There has been proposed in U.S. patent 4,144,796 a masonry anchor of the type described above, in which the bolt head carries a hexagonal tightening cap which is connected to the head by shear pins which shear at a predetermined torque applied between the cap and the head. The assembly of the cap to the bolt head by means of the shear pins significantly increases the cost of the masonry anchor and also a different bolt and shear pin combination (and hence a different anchor) needs to be provided for each different required torque setting.
There has also been proposed a torque limiting socket which can be placed over a bolt head or nut and which fails by tearing of the socket portion when a predetermined torque has been exceeded. Such a socket is disclosed in U.S. patent 4,215,600. In this previously proposed socket, failure takes place by tearing of the wall of the socket portion and it is not possible to control with accuracy the precise torque at which tearing occurs.
According to the present invention there is provided a tightening device for a threaded fastener such as a bolt or nut, comprising a socket portion for co-operation with the threaded fastener, a driving portion spaced from the socket portion and shaped for engagement by torque-applying means; and a torque-transmitting zone connecting the driving portion to the socket portion, said torque-transmitting zone being integral with the body portion and socket portion and adapted to shear at the application of a predetermined torque.
Advantageously, the torque-transmitting zone is of thin walled form, preferably of annular form.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the annular torque- transmitting zone is defined by an annular land extending between the base of an annular groove opening onto the external surface of the device and an axial bore within the interior of the device whereby the torque characteristics can be varied by changing the depth of the groove and/or the diameter of the bore. The driving portion preferably completely separates from the socket portion on shearing of the torque-transmitting zone, and advantageously, the socket portion is a tamper-resistant fit on the bolt head or nut whereby to remain attached to the bolt head or nut so as to provide visual indication of removal of the socket portion therefrom after shearing of the torque-transmitting zone.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a torque limiting tightening device in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 is an end elevation in the direction of arrow A in Figure 1;
Figure 3 is an end elevation in the direction of arrow B in Figure 1; and Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through the device. There is shown in the accompanying drawings a tightening device for a bolt or nut and more particularly, but not exclusively, for a bolt or nut of a masonry anchor of the type described above incorporating an expansion sleeve which is expanded by the application of torque to the bolt or nut to draw an expansion element into the sleeve. The tightening device is in the form of a torque limiting socket 2 comprising a socket portion 4 adapted to fit over the bolt head or nut and having an internal profile to provide driving engagement with the bolt head or nut, and axially spaced from the socket portion 4, a driving portion 6 having an external profile shaped to cooperate with a wrench or spanner. In the particular form shown, the driving portion 6 is of hexagonal shape. The driving portion 6 is of hollow construction to provide a cylindrical bore 8. The body of the socket between the driving portion 6 and the socket portion 4 includes an external annular groove 10 the base of which lies adjacent to the end portion of the cylindrical bore 8 whereby the groove 10 and bore 8 define a thin-walled annular zone or land 12 between the driving portion 6 and the socket portion 4 and via which torque is transmitted from the driving portion 6 to the socket portion 4. At the application of a predetermined torque, the thin-walled annular zone 12 will break whereby the driving portion 6 separates from the socket portion 4 thereby preventing the application of further torque.
The socket is integrally formed by moulding from a suitable plastics or alloy.
In the socket described, the torque-limiting function is achieved by shearing of a thin-walled zone and the torque at which shearing occurs is accurately determinable and is repeatable from sample to sample. In the form described in which the thickness of the thin-walled zone is determined by the width of the annular land 12 remaining between the base of the external groove 10 and the cylindrical wall of the internal bore 8, the torque characteristics can be varied simply by varying the width of the land 12 and hence by altering the depth of the groove 10 and/or the diameter of the bore 8. The depth of the groove 10 and the diameter of the bore 8 can be altered simply, by using a different insert in the relevant section of the mould. Accordingly a range of torque limiting sockets to suit different torque conditions can easily be achieved without effecting any significant redesign.
The socket portion 4 is so constructed as to remain attached to the bolt head or nut after the annular zone 12 has sheared and the driving portion 6 has separated from the socket portion 4 in order to provide a visual indication that the bolt or nut has been driven to the prescribed torque and hence that the masonry anchor has been correctly set. The external surface of the socket portion 4 is also of a profile (as shown a cylindrical profile), which ensures that it cannot easily be gripped by a wrench in order to apply additional torque directly to the socket portion 4 after shearing of the driving portion 6. In order to provide attachment of the socket portion 4 to the bolt head or nut so as to prevent easy removal after separation of the driving portion, the socket portion 4 may be sized to be a tight fit on the bolt head or nut, and/ or the socket portion 4 may include at its outer end lugs which snap into engagement over the remote edge of the bolt head or nut. Although neither or these measures will act to prevent removal of the socket portion 4 if sufficient force is applied, the application of force to remove the socket portion 4 will result either in marking of the socket portion 4 or breakage of the lugs so that if an operator attempts to remove the socket portion 4 to permit the application of additional torque directly to the bolt head or nut and then reapplies the sheared socket portion, there will be a visual indication that the socket portion 4 has been tampered with.
In the embodiment shown the retention of the socket portion 4 is achieved by shaping the internal profile of the socket portion 4 to provide a hexagonal profile with the sides of the hexagon being somewhat convex to provide high contact pressure with the flats of the bolt head or nut. Torque limiting driving sockets as described herein can be provided separately from the masonry anchors (or other components) with which they are to be used and no modification is required to the anchor itself. A range of sockets can be provided to suit different torque conditions and the individual sockets within the range can be colour-coded in order to permit ease of identification.
In an alternative, the torque limiting socket can be moulded around the head of a bolt whereby the head of the bolt is embedded within the socket portion 4 during manufacture.
The embodiment has been described by way of example only and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS:-
1. A tightening device for a threaded fastener such as a bolt or nut, comprising a socket portion for co-operation with the threaded fastener, a driving portion spaced from the socket portion and shaped for engagement by torque-applying means, and a torque-transmitting zone connecting the driving portion to the socket portion, said torque-transmitting zone being integral with the body portion and socket portion and adapted to shear at the application of a predetermined torque.
2. A tightening device according to claim 1, wherein the driving portion is axially spaced from the socket portion.
3. A tightening device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the torque- transmitting zone is in the form of a thin-walled zone.
4. A tightening device according to claim 3, wherein the thin-walled zone is of annular form.
5. A tightening device according to claim 4, wherein the annular thin- walled zone is defined by an annular land extending between the base of an annular groove opening onto an external circumferential surface of the device and an axial bore within the interior of the device.
6. A tightening device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the driving portion completely separates from the socket portion on shearing of the torque-transmitting zone.
7. A tightening device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the socket portion includes means for providing a tamper-resistant fit on the threaded fastener.
PCT/AU1991/000370 1990-08-24 1991-08-19 Tightening device for a threaded fastener WO1992003262A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPK193890 1990-08-24
AUPK1938 1990-08-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992003262A1 true WO1992003262A1 (en) 1992-03-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1991/000370 WO1992003262A1 (en) 1990-08-24 1991-08-19 Tightening device for a threaded fastener

Country Status (2)

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NZ (1) NZ239402A (en)
WO (1) WO1992003262A1 (en)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU637689B2 (en) * 1990-08-24 1993-06-03 Ramset Fasteners (Aust.) Pty. Limited Tightening device for a threaded fastener
FR2689580A1 (en) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-08 Rasmussen Gmbh Device for ensuring the application of a predetermined torque when tightening a screw or the like.
FR2716250A1 (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-08-18 Banides Debeaurain Ets Automatic security device for gas installations
WO1995022700A1 (en) * 1994-02-19 1995-08-24 Guy Dimitri Milan Screw-threaded fasteners
US6868761B2 (en) 2002-11-12 2005-03-22 Entegris, Inc. Breakaway torque wrench
GB2406626A (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-06 Sicame Electrical Dev Ltd Clamping bolt for an electrical conductor connector
WO2012112812A3 (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-11-08 Eca Medical Instruments Robust nose torque-limiting device
CN102996596A (en) * 2012-11-26 2013-03-27 苏州币龙装饰工程有限公司 Composite bolt
JP2017104971A (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-15 日本クロージャー株式会社 Fastening torque control tool, nut and bolt with fastening torque control tool, and method for fitting object to be fitted
JP2018008353A (en) * 2016-07-14 2018-01-18 日本クロージャー株式会社 Fastening torque control tool, nut and bolt with fastening torque control tool, and method for fitting of fixture
JP2018008352A (en) * 2016-07-14 2018-01-18 日本クロージャー株式会社 Fastening torque control tool, nut and bolt with fastening torque control tool, and method for fitting of fixture
EP3283777A4 (en) * 2015-04-17 2018-12-05 NMC Group, Inc. Hybrid composite-metal breakaway nut fastener
US10279146B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2019-05-07 Eca Medical Instruments Cannulated disposable torque limiting device with plastic shaft
KR20190099220A (en) * 2017-01-05 2019-08-26 힐티 악티엔게젤샤프트 Torque limiter with three webs
RU2762174C2 (en) * 2017-05-30 2021-12-16 НИППОН КЛОЖЕРС КО. эЛТиДи. Tool for tightening torque control and combination of tool for tightening torque control and fastener

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3512447A (en) * 1968-09-09 1970-05-19 Rudolph Marion Vaughn Frangible nut fastener
US4037515A (en) * 1976-08-26 1977-07-26 Kesselman David A Tamper resistant fastener
AU1928976A (en) * 1975-11-04 1978-05-11 Standerwick J E Torque limiting fixing members
SU634023A1 (en) * 1977-02-03 1978-11-25 Pospeev Vladimir Ya Self-locking nut
SU684181A1 (en) * 1977-07-04 1979-09-05 Специальное Проектно-Конструкторское Бюро Всесоюзного Объединения "Союзнефтеавтоматика" Lock nut
FR2560100A3 (en) * 1984-01-18 1985-08-30 Materiel Electr Soc Ind Screwing end piece for screws or nuts with a limited tightening torque
US4729703A (en) * 1985-11-29 1988-03-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Suiken Technology Double nut

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3512447A (en) * 1968-09-09 1970-05-19 Rudolph Marion Vaughn Frangible nut fastener
AU1928976A (en) * 1975-11-04 1978-05-11 Standerwick J E Torque limiting fixing members
US4037515A (en) * 1976-08-26 1977-07-26 Kesselman David A Tamper resistant fastener
SU634023A1 (en) * 1977-02-03 1978-11-25 Pospeev Vladimir Ya Self-locking nut
SU684181A1 (en) * 1977-07-04 1979-09-05 Специальное Проектно-Конструкторское Бюро Всесоюзного Объединения "Союзнефтеавтоматика" Lock nut
FR2560100A3 (en) * 1984-01-18 1985-08-30 Materiel Electr Soc Ind Screwing end piece for screws or nuts with a limited tightening torque
US4729703A (en) * 1985-11-29 1988-03-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Suiken Technology Double nut

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession no. E2225C/19, Class Q61; & SU,A,684 181 (SOYUZNEFTEAVTOMATIK), 8 September 1979 (08.09.79). *
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession no. H4727B/35, Class Q61; & SU,A,634 023 (POSTEEV), 28 November 1978 (28.11.78). *

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU637689B2 (en) * 1990-08-24 1993-06-03 Ramset Fasteners (Aust.) Pty. Limited Tightening device for a threaded fastener
FR2689580A1 (en) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-08 Rasmussen Gmbh Device for ensuring the application of a predetermined torque when tightening a screw or the like.
US5299474A (en) * 1992-04-03 1994-04-05 Rasmussen Gmbh Tamper resistant device for the application of preselected torque to screws and the like
FR2716250A1 (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-08-18 Banides Debeaurain Ets Automatic security device for gas installations
WO1995022700A1 (en) * 1994-02-19 1995-08-24 Guy Dimitri Milan Screw-threaded fasteners
US6868761B2 (en) 2002-11-12 2005-03-22 Entegris, Inc. Breakaway torque wrench
GB2406626A (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-06 Sicame Electrical Dev Ltd Clamping bolt for an electrical conductor connector
GB2406626B (en) * 2003-10-02 2006-06-28 Sicame Electrical Dev Ltd Clamping bolt for electrical conductor connectors with insulating material thereon
US9162350B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2015-10-20 Eca Medical Instruments Robust nose torque-limiting device
US10219853B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2019-03-05 Eca Medical Instruments Robust nose torque-limiting device
WO2012112812A3 (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-11-08 Eca Medical Instruments Robust nose torque-limiting device
US9877764B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2018-01-30 Eca Medical Instruments Robust nose torque-limiting device
CN102996596A (en) * 2012-11-26 2013-03-27 苏州币龙装饰工程有限公司 Composite bolt
EP3283777A4 (en) * 2015-04-17 2018-12-05 NMC Group, Inc. Hybrid composite-metal breakaway nut fastener
US10279146B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2019-05-07 Eca Medical Instruments Cannulated disposable torque limiting device with plastic shaft
JP2017104971A (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-15 日本クロージャー株式会社 Fastening torque control tool, nut and bolt with fastening torque control tool, and method for fitting object to be fitted
JP2018008353A (en) * 2016-07-14 2018-01-18 日本クロージャー株式会社 Fastening torque control tool, nut and bolt with fastening torque control tool, and method for fitting of fixture
JP2018008352A (en) * 2016-07-14 2018-01-18 日本クロージャー株式会社 Fastening torque control tool, nut and bolt with fastening torque control tool, and method for fitting of fixture
KR20190099220A (en) * 2017-01-05 2019-08-26 힐티 악티엔게젤샤프트 Torque limiter with three webs
KR102536595B1 (en) * 2017-01-05 2023-05-24 힐티 악티엔게젤샤프트 Torque limiting device with three webs
RU2762174C2 (en) * 2017-05-30 2021-12-16 НИППОН КЛОЖЕРС КО. эЛТиДи. Tool for tightening torque control and combination of tool for tightening torque control and fastener

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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