WO1991014843A1 - Serrure de grande securite a gachette a goupilles axiales - Google Patents

Serrure de grande securite a gachette a goupilles axiales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991014843A1
WO1991014843A1 PCT/US1990/002811 US9002811W WO9114843A1 WO 1991014843 A1 WO1991014843 A1 WO 1991014843A1 US 9002811 W US9002811 W US 9002811W WO 9114843 A1 WO9114843 A1 WO 9114843A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tumbler
sleeve
driver
pin
plates
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1990/002811
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David G. Lee
Original Assignee
Lee David G
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/495,328 external-priority patent/US5018376A/en
Application filed by Lee David G filed Critical Lee David G
Publication of WO1991014843A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991014843A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
    • E05B27/02—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key
    • E05B27/08—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key arranged axially
    • E05B27/083—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key arranged axially of the split-pin tumbler type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to axial pin tumbler locks and, more particularly, relates to an improved type of construction for axial pin tumbler locks which offers a further heightened degree of resistance to picking.
  • Axial pin tumbler locks are conventionally based upon a design including a tubular driver sleeve fixed to a locking spindle, which is rotatably mounted and is normally prevented from rotation by axially movable tumbler pins that extend between the driver sleeve and an adjacent rigidly anchored tumbler sleeve.
  • the driver pins are usually of different lengths and, when actuated using a proper key, axially displace the tumbler pins through different predetermined distances in such a manner that all the tumbler pins are precisely aligned at the shear plane between the locking spindle sleeve and the tumbler sleeve, thereby permitting the locking spindle and sleeve to turn and bring about the unlocking action.
  • Some axial pin tumbler locks utilized grooves defined on the tumbler pins that bind with corresponding flanges defined internally on the cylinder sleeve body of the lock when picking is attempted. Such locks generally necessitate complicated design and construction of the cylindrical lock body internal elements.
  • the Huck Pin lock from Builders Hardware Industries incorporates a series of lands and grooves around some of the lower portion of the top pins and the upper top portion of the some of the lower pins. These lands and grooves cause the pins to bind on a flange surrounding the lower portion of the cylinder pin housing when the lock is subjected to a picking attempt. (See Self et al.. Technical Memorandum No.
  • Lock pickers employ different techniques, but all of such techniques do have some common application principles. In any picking operation, a torque must be applied and held on the spindle. Since there is some play due to the tolerances between the pins and the bores within which the pins are located, pickers seek a feel of a pin column such as tightness or looseness which provides an indication of when there is some alignment at a shear line. In most if not all the lock constructions heretofore provided, the tightness in the pin column occurs only when the pin interfaces are not at a shear line. Whether the lock employs false as well as true shear lines in such locks, some feel of tightness and looseness provides the picker with the indications needed to open the lock by assisting with finding the right pin alignment with the true shear line.
  • a related object is to provide an improved axial pin tumbler lock that is based on relatively simple additions to existing locking mechanisms and that can be economically manufactured for use even with presently produced locks.
  • the present invention lends itself to be mass produced in principle part by die casting or sintering.
  • a composite tumbler sleeve including a plurality of independently but limitedly rotatable plates between the front face of a stationary tumbler sleeve portion and the driver sleeve which creates false shear planes and a pin column "lock up" with multiple pin segments in at least some chambers when manipulated by the driver pins in an attempt to pick the lock.
  • Intermediate pin segments are shorter in length than the thicknesses of at least two of such limitedly rotatable plates.
  • the pin column will be shut off from providing any further ability to manipulate the driver pin of that column.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of certain important components of the tumbler lock according to one preferred embodiment of this invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevational view taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 of the tubular axial pin tumbler lock constructed according to the preferred embodiment of this invention
  • Fig. 3 is a front elevational view taken substantially along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is an isolated cross-sectional view taken along the line 4-4 in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a lock assembly of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional isolated planar view of the plate areas between a driver and the corresponding tumbler sleeves and illustrating the false shear lines provided according to this invention
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the proper alignment of a driver pin at the shear line for opening the lock
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional isolated planar view of the plate areas between a driver and the corresponding tumbler sleeves and illustrating the limited rotation of the plates and driver sleeves, and the false shear lines created thereby;
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating the disposition of a plurality of segmented pins and possible plate movements according to this invention.
  • Fig. 10 is an exploded perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled embodiment of Fig. 10.
  • the tumbler lock includes an outer tubular body 11, which is adapted to be threaded into a support member (not shown) .
  • the outer tubular body 11 includes a frustoconical head 13 that seats against the support member at the front face of the lock.
  • a stationary tumbler sleeve portion 15a telescopes into and is rigidly anchored within the rear end of the tubular body 11 by a pin 11a.
  • An elongated spindle 16 is rotatably supported in the tumbler sleeve portion 15a and extends through the lock body.
  • a driver pin sleeve 17 is located at the forward end of the rotating spindle 16.
  • a locking member (not shown) is fastened into position after being inserted through the cross-section of the rear end of the spindle 16. Actual locking and unlocking action of the lock is brought about by the rotating motion of the spindle 16, which in turn causes the locking member to move between a locked and unlocked position.
  • Rotational movement of the spindle 16 is normally effected by using a key (not shown) adapted to fit into the frustoconical head 13 over the spindle 16; a tab aligns the key in the keyway 19 provided in the head of the lock.
  • a series of annularly spaced tumbler pins 20 (Figs. 1 and 5) are slidably positioned within bores 21 defined through the rearmost fixed tumbler sleeve portion 15a and function to normally retain the spindle 16 in its locked position wherein rotational motion is prohibited.
  • the tumbler pins 20 are invariably urged forward by means of coiled compression springs 22 disposed within the bores 21 in which the pins are retained. Under the"urging of the springs 22, the tumbler pins 20 are disposed along the bores 21 in such a manner that the outer ends of some pins normally project outward beyond the shear plane 23 formed at the interface adjacent the driver pin sleeve 17 (Fig. 5), and into corresponding bores 24 defined through the driver sleeve 17. In this normal position, the tumbler pins 20 lock the driver sleeve 17 and the spindle 16 against rotational motion relative to the fixed tumbler sleeve portion 15a.
  • the tumbler lock described so far is fairly conventional and can be picked by inserting a thin flexible probe through one of the bores of the driver sleeve in order to push the driver pin disposed therein, and consequently the corresponding tumbler pin backward while simultaneously applying a slight twisting force to the driver spindle and feeling for the slight edge presented by the junction of the driver pin and the tumbler pin at the shear plane and then gently locking the driver pin in this position.
  • the locking mechanism of such tumbler locks can hence be defeated by repeating the above procedure on the rest of the driver pins.
  • Increased resistance to such attempts at picking or decoding the locking mechanism is made possible by constructing the locking components in such a way that a series of false shear planes, and false feels or indications of the existence of the shear plane are provided as the driver pins are pushed backward in an attempt to pick the lock. Likewise, such false feels and false shear planes are provided if the attempt is made to "back pick” by pushing the pins all the way down and seeking to find the shear plane in the upward pin travel.
  • a composite or segmented tumbler sleeve that is defined by a plurality of limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c and the fixed sleeve member" 15a. While it is preferred that there are at least two of the limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c, it will be appreciated that more of such plates may be added to further increase the resistance to picking attempts. Further, the plates 15b, 15c may be of different thicknesses, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5.
  • the limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c are disposed between the driver pin sleeve 17 and the fixed sleeve portion 15a.
  • Plate 15b has bores 21a and plate 15c has bores 21b, which are annularly spaced and correspond to the bores of the driver and stationary tumbler portion sleeves 17, 15a.
  • the segmented tumbler sleeve (including segments 15a, 15b and 15c) is mounted so that it is independently rotatable with respect to the driver pin sleeve 17 at the line 23.
  • the plates 15b, 15c are mounted such that they are limitedly rotatable between themselves and the stationary sleeve 15a.
  • the degree to which the plates 15b, 15c may rotate is limited by a projection that extends from a segment 15a, 15b or 15c of the segmented tumbler sleeve through openings in the remaining segments.
  • the openings through which the projection extends are generally elongated so that the segments are not rigidly fixed together, but, rather, they are permitted to rotate through an arc that is limited by the projection and the edges of the openings.
  • a pin 26 is rigidly anchored in the fixed sleeve portion 15a and extends toward the front face of the lock through openings 27, 28 in the plates 15b, 15c.
  • the openings 27, 28 may be of any shape that permits the pin 26 to slide within the"openings 27, 28 as the plates 15b, 15c are rotated with respect to each other and with respect to the fixed sleeve portion 15a.
  • An elongated bore 27 and a notch 28 are provided in plates 15b and 15c, respectively, in the embodiment shown. In this way, the plates 15b, 15c may rotate about the center axis of the lock as the bore 27 or notch 28 moves along the pin 26.
  • the invention also provides intermediate pin segments 20a, so that in the preferred form there are at least three pin segments in each aligned set of tumbler bores.
  • the intermediate pin segments 20a can be of varying lengths, but the overall length of the intermediate pin segments should be at least slightly less than the total thickness of the limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c. It will be appreciated that the lock may be unlocked when the interfaces of the intermediate pin segments 20a and the driver pins 25 are located at the shear plane 23 between the driver pin sleeve 17 and the limitedly rotatable plate 15b.
  • Figs. 6-8 there is shown a typical example of a pin combination arrangement laid out in a planar illustrative view.
  • the driver pins 25a-25g all have their ends out of alignment with the shear plane 23, thus indicating a locked condition.
  • intermediate segments 20a and tumbler pins 20 have their ends disposed in various locations with respect to the interfaces of plates 15b and 15c, and plate 15a and stationary sleeve portion 15c.
  • Fig. 7 shows a single pin column with interface of the driver pin 25 and the pin segment 20a " located along the shear plane 23.
  • the driver pin 25 has been moved inwardly, such as by an appropriate key (not shown) . Where all the pin columns in the lock are so disposed, the driver pin sleeve 17 would then be freely rotatable to open the lock.
  • false shear planes that actually permit limited rotation of the driver pin sleeve 17 are provided.
  • rotation along the false shear plane created between the plates 15b, 15c, or between the plate 15c and the stationary tumbler sleeve portion 15a results in a feel that is virtually identical to feel of rotation along the true shear plane 23.
  • Such a rotation along the false shear planes results when the interfaces of the intermediate pin segments 20a and the driver pins 25 or the tumbler pins 20 coincide with the false shear plane.
  • Fig. 8 shows an example of a pin combination arrangement laid out in a planar illustrative view where the interfaces of the intermediate pin segments 20a and the tumbler pins 20 coincide with the false shear plane at the interface of the limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c, and an applied torque causes a downward shift in the driver pin sleeve 17.
  • the relative rotation of the plates 15b, 15c is limited by the pin 26 extending from the tumbler sleeve 15a such that the plates 15b, 15c rotate through a limited range.
  • the plates 15b, 15c may potentially rotate as much as approximately one-half of the arcuate distance between the centers of the bore holes 21.
  • the picker feels the substantial rotation at a false shear plane created at the interface between the plates 15b, 15c, which feels similar to the rotation when the pin segment 25, 20a interface is at the true shear plane 23.
  • a picker senses the location of a shear plane as a column is effectively shut off when the pin interface 25, 20a, or 20a, 20 is at the false shear plane.
  • Fig. 9 shows what might occur with a picking attempt where a torque is applied on the spindle and the driver pin sleeve 17 causes a shift slightly in the downward direction as viewed in the figure.
  • the respective plates 15b, 15c having independent limited rotational capability free of the fixed sleeve 15a as well as one another, cause either a pin column lockup preventing further manipulation or a false feel of a shear plane, which is not a true shear plane. This shifting or staggering of the respective limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c will also impact other pin columns by way of shutting them out from being capable of manipulation with a pick.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 n alternative embodiment the invention of Figs. 1 to 5 is incorporated with the construction of Johnson U.S. Patent No. 4,802,354.
  • the Johnson construction at least one of either the rear face of the driver sleeve 17, or the front face of the tumbler sleeve 15a are provided with undercuts formed by providing notch portions 36, 37 on each side of the driver and tumbler axial bores.
  • the edges of the trough of the notch 36, 37 give the feel of a plate interface or a shear plane as a picker manipulates the pin segments 25, 20a, 20.
  • the notch crest portions of the tumbler and driver sleeve 17, 15a support matching discs 38, 39, the interface of which forms the true shear plane if a lock provides no limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c.
  • the underside of each disc 38, 39 that is adjacent the notches 36, 37 likewise provides edges that may result in the feel of a shear plane.
  • the notches 36 are provided on the rear face of the driver pin sleeve 17, and notches 37 are provided on the front face of the tumbler sleeve 15a.
  • the discs 38, 39 are staked to the respective driver sleeve 17 and forward end of the tumbler sleeve portion 15a. It will be appreciated that with this arrangement, when the discs 38, 39 are staked to the respective sleeves 17, 15a there is also provided the ability to precisely size the assembly for the pin lengths used in the lock.
  • the discontinuities or edges provide a slight displacement of a driver or tumbler pin as the pin encounters the discontinuity during its axial motion. This effectively provides the false feel of an interface or shear plane to a person attempting to pick the lock. This false feel effect is further accentuated, by providing annular grooves on at least certain ones the driver and tumbler pins. More specifically, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 10, the driver pin 25 is provided with an annular groove 40 proximate to its end that cooperates with the tumbler pin 20. In addition, the tumbler pin 20 is also provided with a similar annular groove 41 on its end cooperating with the driver pin 25. As the driver pin 25 is moved axially inwards so as to push the tumbler pin 20 inwards against the pre-tensioning effect of the compression spring 22, the annular grooves 40 and 41 cooperate with the driver notches
  • the annular grooves may be provided on several of the driver pins 25, intermediate pins 20a, or tumbler pins 20.
  • the different lengths of the driver pins used to code the lock in effect, cause grooves on the driver and tumbler pins to co-act with the notches on the driver and the tumbler sleeve in such a manner that the false feel of the interface or shear plane is provided at different inwardly extending positions of the driver and tumbler pins 25, 20a, 20, thereby making it substantially impossible to determine exactly the true position of the shear plane.
  • the resistance of the Johnson lock to picking attempts is accentuated further by the incorporation of the limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, which create actual false shear planes between the interface of the plates 15b, 15c, and interface between the plate 15c and the tumbler sleeve 15a.
  • the discs 15b, 15c may rotate up to approximately one-half of the arcuate distance between the centers of the bore holes 21 when the pin 25, 20a, 20 interfaces are aligned with the false shear planes identified above.
  • the segmented tumbler sleeve of this embodiment includes the stationary tumbler sleeve 15a and disc 39 stacked thereto, as well as the limitedly rotatable plates 15b, 15c.
  • the segmented tumbler sleeve is mounted so that it is independently rotatable at the shear line 23 with respect to the driver pin sleeve 17 aid the disc 38 stacked thereto.
  • the plates 15b, 15c are mounted such that they are limitedly rotatable between themselves and the stationary tumbler sleeve 15a and associated disc 39.
  • the degree to which the plates 15b, 15c are permitted to rotate is limited by a bent-over leg portion 50 that extends rearward from the forwardmost plate 15b through notches 51, 52, 53 in the other plate 15c, the stationary disc 39, and the stationary tumbler sleeve 15a, respectively.
  • the notches 51, 52, 53 are wider than the bent-over leg 50 so that the discs 15b, 15c may rotate through an arc limited by the leg 50 and notches 51, 52, 53.
  • the above type of lock construction incorporating limitedly rotatable plates and notches for the driver and tumbler sleeves provides a substantially "pick proof" lock.
  • the components of the lock are easily and economically manufactured.
  • the discs and limitedly rotatable plates may be stamped or die cut.
  • the sleeve notches provide a simple and economical alternative to the expensive and possibly unfeasible molding or boring operations that would otherwise be necessary to define an annular undercut inside an integrally formed tumbler sleeve that would provide a false feel.
  • the present invention provides an improved tumbler lock construction which is highly resistant to picking attempts and is based on an uncomplicated locking mechanism which can be economically manufactured.

Abstract

Modèle amélioré de serrure de haute sécurité à gâchette à goupilles axiales, comprenant un montage de manchon de gâchette composite comportant au moins deux plaquettes partiellement rotatives ou mobiles (15b, 15c) et un élément de manchon de gâchette fixe (15a) qui, en permettant une rotation potentielle correspondant à la moitié de la distance d'arc entre les centres des trous des goupilles des plaquettes mobiles, forment de faux plans de cisaillement qui excluent la sensation de résistance et de dégagement quand les goupilles (25) sont manipulées par tentative frauduleuse. Dans la variante préférée, au moins une colonne de goupilles comporte au moins trois segments de goupille et les plaquettes mobiles font partie du brevet de construction Johnson aux Etats-Unis No. 802,354 pour assurer le plus haut degré de sécurité contre les tentatives frauduleuses.
PCT/US1990/002811 1990-03-19 1990-05-17 Serrure de grande securite a gachette a goupilles axiales WO1991014843A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US495,328 1990-03-19
US07/495,328 US5018376A (en) 1989-03-27 1990-03-19 High security axial pin tumbler lock

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991014843A1 true WO1991014843A1 (fr) 1991-10-03

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PCT/US1990/002811 WO1991014843A1 (fr) 1990-03-19 1990-05-17 Serrure de grande securite a gachette a goupilles axiales

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EP (1) EP0521854A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991014843A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0633375A1 (fr) * 1993-07-07 1995-01-11 Jesus Lopez-Casals Dispositif de verrouillage à commande magnétique
US6114120A (en) * 1995-05-03 2000-09-05 Nexstar Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: tissue selex
FR2870557A1 (fr) * 2004-05-19 2005-11-25 Camlock Systems Ltd Serrure de configuration amelioree
WO2009122226A1 (fr) * 2008-01-30 2009-10-08 Forrest Xu Serrure à barillet axial avec ressorts de compensation

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2295515A (en) * 1939-06-06 1942-09-08 Harlow M Russell Folding box
US3738136A (en) * 1972-06-06 1973-06-12 Fort Lock Corp System for master keying axial pin tumbler locks
US3756049A (en) * 1971-08-19 1973-09-04 Chicago Lock Co Axial pin tumbler lock assembly and combination reset key therefor
US3885409A (en) * 1974-02-19 1975-05-27 Joseph M Genakis Pin tumbler lock
US3916657A (en) * 1975-02-11 1975-11-04 Chicago Lock Co Double key axial split-pin tumbler-type lock
US4041739A (en) * 1976-11-15 1977-08-16 Leonard Mercurio Multiple axial pin tumbler lock
US4653297A (en) * 1982-10-01 1987-03-31 Moorhouse John H Interior barrier lock structure
US4716749A (en) * 1987-01-16 1988-01-05 Fort Lock Corporation High security pin tumbler lock
US4802354A (en) * 1987-01-16 1989-02-07 Fort Lock Corporation High security pin tumbler lock

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1718130A (en) * 1922-05-05 1929-06-18 Frischmuth Ernst Combination lock
US3783660A (en) * 1972-04-20 1974-01-08 Unican Security Systems Pick resistant lock
US4858456A (en) * 1988-04-06 1989-08-22 Mcgee Sr Rodney M Resettable axial tumbler lock

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2295515A (en) * 1939-06-06 1942-09-08 Harlow M Russell Folding box
US3756049A (en) * 1971-08-19 1973-09-04 Chicago Lock Co Axial pin tumbler lock assembly and combination reset key therefor
US3738136A (en) * 1972-06-06 1973-06-12 Fort Lock Corp System for master keying axial pin tumbler locks
US3885409A (en) * 1974-02-19 1975-05-27 Joseph M Genakis Pin tumbler lock
US3916657A (en) * 1975-02-11 1975-11-04 Chicago Lock Co Double key axial split-pin tumbler-type lock
US4041739A (en) * 1976-11-15 1977-08-16 Leonard Mercurio Multiple axial pin tumbler lock
US4653297A (en) * 1982-10-01 1987-03-31 Moorhouse John H Interior barrier lock structure
US4716749A (en) * 1987-01-16 1988-01-05 Fort Lock Corporation High security pin tumbler lock
US4802354A (en) * 1987-01-16 1989-02-07 Fort Lock Corporation High security pin tumbler lock

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0521854A4 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0633375A1 (fr) * 1993-07-07 1995-01-11 Jesus Lopez-Casals Dispositif de verrouillage à commande magnétique
FR2707323A1 (fr) * 1993-07-07 1995-01-13 Lopez Casals Jesus Dispositif de verrouillage à commande magnétique.
US6114120A (en) * 1995-05-03 2000-09-05 Nexstar Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: tissue selex
FR2870557A1 (fr) * 2004-05-19 2005-11-25 Camlock Systems Ltd Serrure de configuration amelioree
WO2009122226A1 (fr) * 2008-01-30 2009-10-08 Forrest Xu Serrure à barillet axial avec ressorts de compensation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0521854A1 (fr) 1993-01-13
EP0521854A4 (fr) 1992-11-05

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