WO1991014421A1 - Method of eliminating fleas from pets using pet shampoo - Google Patents

Method of eliminating fleas from pets using pet shampoo Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991014421A1
WO1991014421A1 PCT/US1991/000737 US9100737W WO9114421A1 WO 1991014421 A1 WO1991014421 A1 WO 1991014421A1 US 9100737 W US9100737 W US 9100737W WO 9114421 A1 WO9114421 A1 WO 9114421A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
shampoo
fleas
wetting agent
present
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1991/000737
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Hal K. Bowman
Original Assignee
Zema Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zema Corporation filed Critical Zema Corporation
Publication of WO1991014421A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991014421A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/60—Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K8/608—Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/16—Foams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
    • A61K8/463—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfuric acid derivatives, e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
    • A61Q17/02—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings containing insect repellants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/59—Mixtures
    • A61K2800/596—Mixtures of surface active compounds

Definitions

  • Flea products for pets traditionally contain one or more insecticidal ingredients (e.g., natural pyrethrins, synthetic pyrethrins, rotenone, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, etc.) as the active agent for the elimination of the fleas.
  • insecticidal ingredients e.g., natural pyrethrins, synthetic pyrethrins, rotenone, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, etc.
  • Such products are causing more and- more concern, both from an environmental standpoint and a toxicity standpoint.
  • a non-toxic, environmentally safe alternative to such products would be a worthwhile invention.
  • pet shampoos containing as an active soap ingredient, ammonium lauryl sulfate, together with a humectant, emollient, or wetting agent (such as Glucam P-20) when left in contact with the animal fur for at least about five minutes effectively eliminates fleas at a kill rate of about 98.7%.
  • a traditional soap - insecticide pet shampoo has a kill rate of only about
  • the present invention is thus directed to a method of eliminating fleas from animal fur comprising washing said fur with a shampoo containing from about 5% to about 15% by weight of a soap such as ammonium lauryl sulfate and from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight of an emollient or wetting agent such as the alkoxylated (preferably, propoxylated) glucose ethers, known as the Glucams ⁇ (e.g. , Glucam P-20) available commercially from the Amerchol Corporation of Edison, NJ.
  • a soap such as ammonium lauryl sulfate
  • an emollient or wetting agent such as the alkoxylated (preferably, propoxylated) glucose ethers, known as the Glucams ⁇ (e.g. , Glucam P-20) available commercially from the Amerchol Corporation of Edison, NJ.
  • the shampoo concentrate of the present invention is applied to the animal at a rate of about one ounce per ten pounds of animal body weight. Higher or lower loading may likewise prove effective, but the 1 oz./lO lb. application rate has been found to be most effective for typical flea cases. The skilled artisan can determine other application loads which will best suit their particular conditions.
  • the shampoo concentrate is preferably diluted, e.g., one part shampoo in three parts water.
  • the diluted shampoo is rubbed into a lather that covers the entire animal, excepting the eyes.
  • the preferred formulation of this shampoo provides an especially heavy lather which easily stays in place on the fur-
  • the lather is allowed to remain on the fur for at least about five minutes to effect the elimination of the fleas and flea eggs in the fur. Shorter times are also effective, but not at the desirable kill rates obtained after five minutes. Longer exposure times do not appreciably increase the kill ratio and are deemed unnecessary.
  • the present invention is based upon the discovery that dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis) and cat fleas (C. felis) and their eggs, can be eliminated from dog and cat fur without the use of any insecticidal agents, but merely by washing the fur with an appropriate pet shampoo formulation, for an appropriate length of contact time.
  • an insecticide-free shampoo formulation containing ammonium lauryl sulfate as a soap and an emollient, humectant, wetting agent of the propoxylated glucose ether type allows the soap itself to act as an insecticide, eliminating the fleas and their eggs from the fur.
  • the emollient acts to reduce the surface tension of the fur, and as a wetting agent, it allows the soap to reach completely into the animal fur to the skin surface (even through matted fur) to kill the fleas and eggs.
  • fleas can be eliminated at a kill rate of about 98.7% as compared to a traditional shampoo - insecticide formulations which only produce a kill rate of about 75%. Kill rate is measured by controlled conditions, well established in this art area.
  • a shampoo concentrate is prepared using as the active soap ingredient, ammonium lauryl sulfate.
  • the soap concentration in this formulation is about 10% by weight.
  • Glucam® P-20, a water-soluble liquid emollient, hu ectant and moisturizer is added to the shampoo concentrate at about 1% by weight.
  • a flea infested dog (about 50 lbs.) is first wetted before shampooing and about 5 ounces of shampoo concentrate is admixed with about 15 ounces of water to make up the actual shampoo.
  • This mixture lathers well when applied to the wet dog fur.
  • the fur is rubbed well with the shampoo until a rich, thick lather is formed, covering the dog's body (protect the eyes) .
  • the shampoo remains on the fur for at least about five minutes. This gives the soap an opportunity to kill most of the fleas and flea eggs on the fur, aided by the wetting action of the Glucam P-20.
  • the dog is well rinsed with water, thereby removing the dead fleas and eggs from the fur.
  • the dog is then dried.
  • a shampoo concentrate is prepared using as the active soap ingredient, ammonium lauryl sulfate.
  • the soap concentration in this formulation is about 15% by weight.
  • Glucam® P-20, a water-soluble liquid emollient, humectant and moisturizer is added to the shampoo concentrate at about 1.5% by weight.
  • a flea infested cat (about 10 lbs.) is first wetted before shampooing and about 1 ounce of shampoo concentrate is admixed with about 3 ounces of water to make up the actual shampoo.
  • This mixture lathers well . when applied to the wet cat fur.
  • the fur is rubbed well with the shampoo until a rich, thick lather is formed, covering the cat's body (protect the eyes) .
  • the shampoo remains on the fur for at least about five minutes. This gives the soap an opportunity to kill most of the fleas and flea eggs on the fur, aided by the wetting action of the Glucam P-20.
  • the cat is well rinsed with water, thereby removing the dead fleas and eggs from the fur.
  • the cat is then dried.
  • a shampoo concentrate is prepared using as the active soap ingredient, ammonium lauryl sulfate.
  • the soap concentration in this formulation is about 5% by weight.
  • Glucam® P-20, a water-soluble liquid emollient, humectant and moisturizer is added to the shampoo concentrate at about 0.5% by weight.
  • a flea infested dog (about 20 lbs.) is first wetted before shampooing and about 2 ounces of shampoo concentrate is admixed with about 6 ounces of water to make up the actual shampoo.
  • This mixture lathers well when applied to the wet dog fur.
  • the fur is rubbed well with the shampoo until a rich, thick lather is formed, covering the dog's body (protect the eyes) .
  • the shampoo remains on the fur for at least about five minutes. This gives the soap an opportunity to kill most of the fleas and flea eggs on the fur, aided by the wetting action of the Glucam P-20.
  • the dog is well rinsed with water, thereby removing the dead fleas and eggs from the fur. The dog is then dried.

Abstract

The present invention is based upon the discovery that pet shampoos containing ammonium lauryl sulfate as the active soap ingredient, together with a humectant, emollient, or wetting agent (such as Glucam P-20) when left in contact with the animal fur for at least about five minutes, effectively eliminate fleas at a kill rate of about 98.7 %. In comparison, a traditional soap-insecticide pet shampoo has a kill rate of only about 75 %. The present invention is thus directed to a method of eliminating fleas from animal fur comprising washing said fur with a shampoo containing from about 5 % to about 15 % by weight of a soap such as ammonium lauryl sulfate and from about 0.5 % to about 3 % by weight of an emollient such as the propoxylated glucose ether, Glucam P-20 (Amerchol Corp. Edison, NJ).

Description

METHOD OF ELIMINATING FLEAS FROM PETS USING PET SHAMPOO
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Flea products for pets (e.g., dogs, cats, etc.) traditionally contain one or more insecticidal ingredients (e.g., natural pyrethrins, synthetic pyrethrins, rotenone, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, etc.) as the active agent for the elimination of the fleas. Such products are causing more and- more concern, both from an environmental standpoint and a toxicity standpoint. A non-toxic, environmentally safe alternative to such products would be a worthwhile invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Surprisingly, it has been discovered that pet shampoos containing as an active soap ingredient, ammonium lauryl sulfate, together with a humectant, emollient, or wetting agent (such as Glucam P-20) when left in contact with the animal fur for at least about five minutes, effectively eliminates fleas at a kill rate of about 98.7%. In comparison, a traditional soap - insecticide pet shampoo has a kill rate of only about
75%. The present invention is thus directed to a method of eliminating fleas from animal fur comprising washing said fur with a shampoo containing from about 5% to about 15% by weight of a soap such as ammonium lauryl sulfate and from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight of an emollient or wetting agent such as the alkoxylated (preferably, propoxylated) glucose ethers, known as the Glucams ^ (e.g. , Glucam P-20) available commercially from the Amerchol Corporation of Edison, NJ.
The shampoo concentrate of the present invention is applied to the animal at a rate of about one ounce per ten pounds of animal body weight. Higher or lower loading may likewise prove effective, but the 1 oz./lO lb. application rate has been found to be most effective for typical flea cases. The skilled artisan can determine other application loads which will best suit their particular conditions.
Prior to application, the shampoo concentrate is preferably diluted, e.g., one part shampoo in three parts water. The diluted shampoo is rubbed into a lather that covers the entire animal, excepting the eyes. The preferred formulation of this shampoo provides an especially heavy lather which easily stays in place on the fur- The lather is allowed to remain on the fur for at least about five minutes to effect the elimination of the fleas and flea eggs in the fur. Shorter times are also effective, but not at the desirable kill rates obtained after five minutes. Longer exposure times do not appreciably increase the kill ratio and are deemed unnecessary. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present invention is based upon the discovery that dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis) and cat fleas (C. felis) and their eggs, can be eliminated from dog and cat fur without the use of any insecticidal agents, but merely by washing the fur with an appropriate pet shampoo formulation, for an appropriate length of contact time.
It has been discovered that an insecticide-free shampoo formulation containing ammonium lauryl sulfate as a soap and an emollient, humectant, wetting agent of the propoxylated glucose ether type, allows the soap itself to act as an insecticide, eliminating the fleas and their eggs from the fur. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the emollient acts to reduce the surface tension of the fur, and as a wetting agent, it allows the soap to reach completely into the animal fur to the skin surface (even through matted fur) to kill the fleas and eggs.
It has been discovered that by following the teachings of this invention, fleas can be eliminated at a kill rate of about 98.7% as compared to a traditional shampoo - insecticide formulations which only produce a kill rate of about 75%. Kill rate is measured by controlled conditions, well established in this art area.
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples which will aid in the understanding of the present invention, but which are not to be construed as a limitation thereof. All percentages reported herein, unless otherwise specified, are percent by weight. All temperatures are expressed in degrees Celsius.
EXAMPLE 1
A shampoo concentrate is prepared using as the active soap ingredient, ammonium lauryl sulfate. The soap concentration in this formulation is about 10% by weight. Glucam® P-20, a water-soluble liquid emollient, hu ectant and moisturizer is added to the shampoo concentrate at about 1% by weight.
A flea infested dog (about 50 lbs.) is first wetted before shampooing and about 5 ounces of shampoo concentrate is admixed with about 15 ounces of water to make up the actual shampoo. This mixture lathers well when applied to the wet dog fur. The fur is rubbed well with the shampoo until a rich, thick lather is formed, covering the dog's body (protect the eyes) . The shampoo remains on the fur for at least about five minutes. This gives the soap an opportunity to kill most of the fleas and flea eggs on the fur, aided by the wetting action of the Glucam P-20. The dog is well rinsed with water, thereby removing the dead fleas and eggs from the fur. The dog is then dried.
Examination of the dog before shampooing shows flea infestation. Examination of the dog after shampooing shows the elimination of greater than 98% of the fleas.
. EXAMPLE 2
A shampoo concentrate is prepared using as the active soap ingredient, ammonium lauryl sulfate. The soap concentration in this formulation is about 15% by weight. Glucam® P-20, a water-soluble liquid emollient, humectant and moisturizer is added to the shampoo concentrate at about 1.5% by weight.
A flea infested cat (about 10 lbs.) is first wetted before shampooing and about 1 ounce of shampoo concentrate is admixed with about 3 ounces of water to make up the actual shampoo. This mixture lathers well . when applied to the wet cat fur. The fur is rubbed well with the shampoo until a rich, thick lather is formed, covering the cat's body (protect the eyes) . The shampoo remains on the fur for at least about five minutes. This gives the soap an opportunity to kill most of the fleas and flea eggs on the fur, aided by the wetting action of the Glucam P-20. The cat is well rinsed with water, thereby removing the dead fleas and eggs from the fur. The cat is then dried.
Examination of the cat before shampooing shows flea infestation. Examination of the cat after shampooing shows the elimination of greater than 98% of the fleas.
EXAMPLE 3
A shampoo concentrate is prepared using as the active soap ingredient, ammonium lauryl sulfate. The soap concentration in this formulation is about 5% by weight. Glucam® P-20, a water-soluble liquid emollient, humectant and moisturizer is added to the shampoo concentrate at about 0.5% by weight.
A flea infested dog (about 20 lbs.) is first wetted before shampooing and about 2 ounces of shampoo concentrate is admixed with about 6 ounces of water to make up the actual shampoo. This mixture lathers well when applied to the wet dog fur. The fur is rubbed well with the shampoo until a rich, thick lather is formed, covering the dog's body (protect the eyes) . The shampoo remains on the fur for at least about five minutes. This gives the soap an opportunity to kill most of the fleas and flea eggs on the fur, aided by the wetting action of the Glucam P-20. The dog is well rinsed with water, thereby removing the dead fleas and eggs from the fur. The dog is then dried.
Examination of the dog before shampooing shows flea infestation. Examination of the dog after shampooing shows the elimination of greater than 98% of the fleas.
The present invention has been described in detail including the preferred embodiment thereof. However, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art, upon consideration of the present disclosure, may make modifications and/or improvements on this invention and still be within the scope and spirit of this invention as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A method of eliminating fleas from animal fur comprising contacting flea infested animal fur with a shampoo composition comprising from about 5% to about 15% by weight of ammonium lauryl sulfate as the active soap ingredient and from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight of a alkoxylated glucose ether as a wetting agent, for at least about five minutes following application, thereafter rinsing away the shampoo ahd dead fleas with water.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the soap ingredient is present at about 10% by weight.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the soap ingredient is present at about 5% by weight.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the soap ingredient is present at about 15% by weight.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is present at about 1% by weight.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is present at about 0.5% by weight.
7. ' The method of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is present at about 2% by weight.
8.. The method of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is present at about 1.5% by weight.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is present at about 3% by weight.
10. A method of eliminating fleas from dog fur comprising contacting a flea infested dog with a shampoo composition comprising from about 5% to about 15% by weight of ammonium lauryl sulfate as the active soap ingredient and about 1% by weight of a propoxylated glucose ether as a wetting agent, for at least about five minutes following application, thereafter rinsing away the shampoo and dead fleas with water.
11. A method of eliminating fleas from cat fur comprising contacting a flea infested cat with a shampoo composition comprising from about 5% to about 15% by weight of ammonium lauryl sulfate as the active soap ingredient and about 1% by weight of a propoxylated glucose ether as a wetting agent, for at least about five minutes following application, thereafter rinsing away the shampoo and dead fleas with water.
12. A pet shampoo composition comprising from about 5% to about 15% by weight of ammonium lauryl sulfate as the active soap ingredient and from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight of an alkoxylated' glucose ether as a wetting agent, said pet shampoo eliminating greater that about 98% of fleas on animal fur treated with said shampoo after about five minutes of contact time.
13. The pet shampoo of claim 12, wherein the wetting agent is a propoxylated glucose ether.
14. The pet shampoo of claim 13, wherein the wetting agent is present at about 1% by weight.
15. The pet shampoo of claim 12, wherein the soap ingredient is present at about 10% by weight.
PCT/US1991/000737 1990-03-19 1991-02-01 Method of eliminating fleas from pets using pet shampoo WO1991014421A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US49557190A 1990-03-19 1990-03-19
US495,571 1990-03-19

Publications (1)

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WO1991014421A1 true WO1991014421A1 (en) 1991-10-03

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WO (1) WO1991014421A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006012372A1 (en) * 2004-07-20 2006-02-02 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleansing compositions
US7749949B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2010-07-06 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid detergent composition comprising an acrylic polymer/ propylene glycol ether of methyl glucose mixture

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4885446B2 (en) * 2004-12-24 2012-02-29 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ Animal shampoo composition
CN104622785A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-05-20 南通蛇类治疗研究所 Snakeskin, snake gall and natural plant functional shampoo

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4769234A (en) * 1987-10-06 1988-09-06 Peter M. Stephan Center Ltd. Skin care compositions containing polyvalent equine immune serum
US4933371A (en) * 1984-07-26 1990-06-12 Shirlo, Inc. Controlling ticks and fleas with linalool

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4933371A (en) * 1984-07-26 1990-06-12 Shirlo, Inc. Controlling ticks and fleas with linalool
US4769234A (en) * 1987-10-06 1988-09-06 Peter M. Stephan Center Ltd. Skin care compositions containing polyvalent equine immune serum

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006012372A1 (en) * 2004-07-20 2006-02-02 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleansing compositions
US7297667B2 (en) 2004-07-20 2007-11-20 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleansing compositions
US7749949B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2010-07-06 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid detergent composition comprising an acrylic polymer/ propylene glycol ether of methyl glucose mixture
US7977296B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2011-07-12 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid detergent composition comprising an acrylic polymer/viscosity control agent mixture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04217604A (en) 1992-08-07

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