WO1991010942A1

WO1991010942A1 - Conductive roll and process for producing the same

Info

Publication number: WO1991010942A1
Application number: PCT/JP1991/000018
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tadashi Utsunomiya; Yoshinori Shimokawa; Minoru Toyoda
Original assignee: Bridgestone Corporation
Priority date: 1990-01-12
Filing date: 1991-01-11
Publication date: 1991-07-25
Also published as: JP3100625B2

Abstract

A conductive roll which is used in electrostatic copying processes such as developing, charging, charge removing and image transferring. It provides intimate contact with a photosensitive material to impart uniform potential thereto, and prevents the photosensitive material from being contaminated as much as possible. This roll comprises a shaft (1) which is a good conductor as a core, an intermediate layer (2) composed of a conductive elastic material or this material formed around the shaft (1), and a surface coating (3) having high electric resistance.

Description

Details

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a conductive roll and a method for producing the conductive roll.

The present invention relates to a conductive roll for use in an electrophotographic recording apparatus, such as a developing roll, a charging roll, a charge elimination roll, and a transfer roll, and more particularly, a rubber having a core of a good conductor metal shaft. The present invention relates to a conductive hole having a structure in which a coating film for resistance adjustment is formed on an outer peripheral surface of a roll of a foam material, and a method for manufacturing the conductive roll. Background art

2. Description of the Related Art Electrophotographic recording devices widely used in copiers and laser beam printers generally include a photoreceptor, which is charged and exposed to static electricity. An electrostatic latent image is formed, and then toner is attracted and developed according to the latent image on the photoreceptor, and then the toner on the photoreceptor is transferred to paper for transfer. In addition to removing static electricity from the body to a predetermined potential, the toner remaining on the photoconductor is cleaned so that it can be prepared for the next recording. In addition, the toner carried on the transferred paper is finally melted and E-fixed so that it is fixed to the paper. Work is completed. 9

At this time, a charging means for applying a predetermined potential to the charged area of the photoreceptor of the electrophotographic recording apparatus, and a predetermined potential to the paper conveyed to the transfer area As a means for transfer, or as a means for neutralizing the charged area of the photoreceptor after transfer to a constant potential, a high-voltage of several hundred to several thousand volts is applied to a small-diameter wire. The corona charging type, which is configured to generate a negative discharge, is widely used in general.

However, in such a method using the corona charging method, active molecules such as ozone generated by the corona discharge are used to protect the photoconductor and other parts. It is a problem because it may deteriorate or have a negative effect on the human body. This type of method also poses a problem in terms of risk of electric shock accidents due to high voltage, and maintenance and management of wire contamination and disconnection. It has become. Therefore, unlike such a corona charging method, for example, a roller configured to apply a predetermined voltage by bringing a conductive rubber roller into direct contact with a photoconductor. A type of contact charger (hereinafter referred to as a conductive roll) has been proposed. This conductive roll does not require as high a voltage as the corona charging method, and has excellent features such as almost no generation of ozone. is there.

In this conductive roll, the adhesion between the roll and the photoconductor is minimized in order to apply a uniform potential to the photoconductor. It is an important issue to provide a uniform potential to the photoconductor by increasing the height, and the development of an effective means is desired.

In addition, if a low molecular weight liquid compound, for example, a softening agent such as oil is mixed with the conductive roll to improve the adhesion in order to improve the adhesiveness, the softening agent is used as the softening agent. It may leach onto the roll surface and contaminate the photoreceptor.

In addition, during the production of this conductive roll, as conductive powder to impart conductivity to the roll, for example, Ketchen Black EC or acetylene black is used. When using a conductive carbon such as carbon black, the electrical resistance value may change significantly due to slight changes in the amount of the powder to be added or poor dispersion of the powder. is there.

Further, in such a conductive roll, it is extremely difficult to control and adjust the electric resistance value, and it is also difficult to provide a required charged voltage characteristic.

However, in such a conductive roll, the electric resistance value may change significantly with changes in the external environment such as humidity and temperature. However, it may be difficult to always apply a constant potential to the photoconductor.

In addition, such conductive rolls are fragile in material, and may be easily cracked, worn, or worn. Development of the smallest possible change is desired

— Then O In general, such a conductive port is manufactured by a method such as a rubber or a foamed resin port shown in FIG.

On a line 100, apply a liquid coating material by a wet coating method such as electrostatic painting, heathing, or a mouth-coating method, or a dry coating method, and then dry and apply resistance. A method of forming a coating film 101 for adjustment (see FIG. 2) is employed. At this time, (1) the coating material is prevented from adhering to the shaft (102); (2) the end of the coating film (101) is formed as shown in Fig. 2 A tube 103 having the same outer diameter dimension a as the outer diameter and an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter dimension b of the shaft 102 is placed over the shaft 102. In general, masking is performed (Fig. 3). In this way, the mask 102 is masked and coated with a coating material, dried or dry-coated, and then the coating film 101 formed as shown in FIG. 4 is removed. If the tube is cut at the portion c and the tube 103 of the masking is removed, the shape shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained.

In such masking, it is necessary to prevent sparking between the photosensitive drum and a roller made of rubber or foam having low electric resistance. The coating must be removed. However, if the coating film protrudes too much, it may hit the bearing, causing problems such as tearing.

At the time of extrusion, if air remains between the tube and the roll, the air will expand due to the extruded membrane, causing The phenomenon is likely to occur, and as a result, the withstand voltage characteristics of this part may be deteriorated. In the case of such a mask, in the case of the wet coating method, during the coating or the drying, the distance between the masking tube 103 and the shaft 102 may be reduced. Alternatively, there is a slight air between the masking tube 103 and the roller 100 end face, When the coating oozes out and bubbles are generated, pinholes 101a are liable to be generated in this part (see Fig. 5). There was a problem (see Figure 6).

In this way, the pinhole 101a is present, the coating 101 is cut off, and as shown in FIG. 6, the end face of the coating 101 and the opening If the 00 end faces had the same surface shape, spark discharge was likely to occur at the end of the roller 100, causing damage to the photosensitive drum.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described drawbacks of the related art, and has high adhesiveness to a photoreceptor and can minimize contamination of the photoreceptor. Changes in electrical resistance due to external environmental changes, etc. can be suppressed as much as possible, and the conductive roll and the conductive roll that are less likely to generate cracks and wear over a long period of time It is intended to provide a manufacturing method. Disclosure of the invention

According to the conductive roll according to claim 1 of the present invention, β

Since the liquid rubber mixed into the solid rubber is prevented from reacting with the solid rubber and exuding to the surface when flowing, the adhesion to the photoreceptor can be improved. In addition, it is possible to prevent various contaminants from adhering to the photoconductor.

Further, according to the conductive roll according to claim 29 of the present invention, since the resistance of the intermediate layer is relatively high, the withstand voltage characteristics are significantly improved.

Further, according to the conductive roll according to claim 42 of the present invention, it is possible to use the conductive carbon in combination with the carbon for normal rubber. In addition, it is possible to freely control the electrical resistance at the same time with the low hardness.

Further, according to the conductive roll according to claim 54 of the present invention, the conductive rubber body of the intermediate layer is polarized, and the resistance such as increasing the internal electric resistance value is obtained. The effect is that the value can be easily adjusted.

According to the conductive roll according to claim 65 of the present invention, the surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized, thereby having an electric polarity. Adhesion of the material to the coating film can be made firmly.

According to the conductive roll according to claim 66 of the present invention, a one-component or two-component urethane is used for the conductive rubber body subjected to the adhesive treatment. By using the rim as the coating film, the coating film can be firmly adhered to the conductive rubber body. Further, according to the conductive roll according to claim 74 of the present invention, a paint black is dispersed in a one-part urethane paint as a coating film. By blending, it is possible to make the resistance value of the coating film stable and free from variations.

Further, according to the conductive roll according to claim 75 of the present invention, the coating film is mixed with a hydrophobic series force, and particularly, the external humidity or the external humidity is reduced. The change in the film resistance value due to the temperature change can be suppressed to a small value.

Further, according to the conductive roll according to claim 82 of the present invention, the coating film has tin oxide doped with antimony oxide, and It is possible to provide a material excellent in the action of adjusting the resistance value.

According to the conductive roll according to claim 88 of the present invention, the coating film material is made of modified nylon, and the modified nylon opening of the parentheses is used. The degree of cross-linking is configured to have a predetermined value, whereby the strength of the coating film is remarkably increased and the electric resistance value can be easily suppressed.

According to the conductive roll according to claim 92 of the present invention, the coating film has a two-layer structure, and the upper film is lower than the lower film. By setting the resistance value, it is possible to greatly reduce the external environment dependency such as temperature and humidity, in particular.

Further, the conductive roll according to claim 96 according to the present invention. According to the method described above, the modified nylon is used as the upper layer of the two coating films, and the degree of crosslinking of the modified nylon is set to a predetermined value, whereby the strength of the coating film is improved. more Ru this and can be Ru and the electric resistance was even or _c Ru can and this to REDUCE effectively with enhanced, according to the conductive path Lumpur of claim 9 9 according to this invention, 2 It has tin oxide doped with antimony oxide on the upper layer of the coating film of the layer, and can provide a material having a much superior resistance adjusting action.

Furthermore, according to the conductive hole according to claim 101 of the present invention, a one-component or two-component polyester resin is used as a lower layer forming material. The lower layer portion of the coating film can be firmly fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the softened intermediate layer. Further, according to the method for manufacturing a conductive roll according to claim 102 of the present invention, prior to the formation of the coating film, the conductive roll has a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the end of the roll in advance. The tubing with the outer diameter is covered on the shaft and masking is performed, so that the liquid is collected at the boundary between the roll end surface where bubbles are generated and the tubing cylindrical surface. This allows the formation of a recessed portion, which allows air bubbles to be trapped inside and effectively prevents the occurrence of pinholes, and thus extends the coating film. Damage can be prevented.

Further, according to the method for producing a conductive rubber according to claim 103 of the present invention, the surface of the conductive rubber can be halogenated to form the conductive rubber. Easy control of electrical resistance can do.

Also, according to the method for producing a conductive roll according to claim 104 of the present invention, the surface of the conductive rubber body of the intermediate layer is polarized, The polar coating layer can be securely bonded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

1 to 4 are process diagrams showing a method of manufacturing a conventional conductive roll, FIGS. 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams showing the drawbacks of the conventional conductive roll, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a conductive roll of a first embodiment according to the present invention; FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a conductive roll of a second embodiment according to the present invention; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conductive roll according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conductive roll according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Is a sectional view showing a conductive roll of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention; FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a conductive roll of a sixth embodiment according to the present invention; FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a conductive roll of a seventh embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a conductive roll of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. The upper and lower layers of the coating film Graph showing changes in resistance against the humidity change, the first 5 Figure to the second 1 Figure Ru process diagram illustrating a manufacturing method of the engaging Rushirubedenro Lumpur invention this. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 7 shows the conductive roll of the first embodiment according to the present invention. The conductive roll of this embodiment is used as a charger of an electronic multifunction printer. It is composed of a shaft 1, a flexible intermediate layer 2, and a coating film 3.

The small shaft 1 is provided along the axis of the core of the conductive roll, and is formed in a cylindrical shape using a good conductor.

The intermediate layer 2 is formed by adding liquid rubber as a softening agent to solid rubber in order to improve adhesion to a drum-shaped photoreceptor (hereinafter referred to as a photosensitive drum). It is formed using HR compounded material (hereinafter referred to as rubber roll). That is, the rubber roll 2 is specifically made of a material containing, for example, solid polybutane rubber and liquid polyisoprene rubber (hereinafter abbreviated as I-scale). Is a 1,4-polybutadiene 60 PHR (BR02 LL made by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) and a liquid polyisoprene 40 PHR (Kuraray Souprene) : LIR 30) and Ketchen Black EC 10 PHR are used as materials.

It is desirable that the liquid rubber used has a double bond in the main chain and has a number average molecular weight of 100,000 or more.If the molecular weight is of this level, most of the liquid rubber is used. Is solid rubber during vulcanization It reacts and binds and does not dissolve into paint. Also, the unreacted residue is difficult to dissolve into the paint due to its high molecular weight. Therefore, when a rubber roll 2 is made of such a rubber and a coating film 3 is formed by coating the outer peripheral surface of the rubber roll 2, the softener migrates to the surface of the coating film. This is so that the rubber roll 2 does not contaminate the photosensitive drum when it comes into contact with the photosensitive drum. As the liquid rubber, liquid IR and liquid BR can be used, but liquid IR is particularly preferred. When solid BR and liquid IR are used, (1) soft rubber can be easily made, and (2) even if a large amount of liquid IR is blended, it can be rolled into a roll or roll. Little adhesion.

③ Good mold release during vulcanization, が Fast vulcanization, ⑤ Low compression set of vulcanizate.

In order to make such a rubber roll, the electrical resistance of the rubber is usually high, so the electrical resistance of the rubber must be reduced by some method (hereinafter referred to as the “rolling”). Is referred to as a conductive rubber body). In the conductive rubber body of this embodiment, the conductive powder, that is, various metal oxides whose surfaces have been subjected to conductive treatment, for example, In addition to black EC, the resistance can be reduced by mixing zinc oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, etc., and carbon black. You.

Also, although in Tsu by to be to use is that Ji necessary raw Ru depression example to a specific narrow range of rubber and Russia Lumpur resistor 1 0 ⁴ ~ 1 0 ⁷ Ω about the semiconductor area of, this Time ketch black EC or t 2

If conductive carbon such as acetylene black is used, the resistance will change significantly due to slight fluctuations in the amount of conductive powder added or poor dispersion, and the resistance will not exceed the specified resistance. It is difficult to control. Therefore, the structure of the rubber is more developed than that of the conventional rubber cylinders with low conductivity, such as SAF, ISAF, HAF, MAF, FEF, GPF, and SRF. If the resistor is used, the resistance becomes stable. However, in order to lower the resistance, a large amount of carbon must be compounded, and the hardness of the rubber increases. Under these circumstances, in order to make rubber with low hardness and low resistance, it is necessary to use conductive materials such as Ketchen black and acetylene black. It is effective to combine the rubber with the usual rubber carbon or paint power bone as described above. In addition, the cost is higher and the cost is higher than that of carbon black.However, even if the conductive metal oxide as described above is used, it has low hardness and a specific resistance in the semiconductor region. In other words, it is possible to produce a rubber with a high control, because the conductive metal oxide has no reinforcing property and its conductivity is higher than that of a conductive carbon. Because there is not.

The intermediate layer is not particularly limited to those of this embodiment, but may be, for example, silicone rubber, BR-based urethane, or the like. It may be a non-foamed elastic body or a foamed elastic body such as tan, norsolex (polyvinyl borane rubber) or the like.

The coating film 3 is made up of epichlorohydrin, acrylic rubber, Silicon rubber with adhesive properties, chlorinolephonated polyethylene, fluorinated vinyl ether copolymer, one-pack or two-pack A variety of materials can be used, such as polyurethane, N-methoxymethyl nairon, and other modified nylon. Can be bonded. The coating film 3 may have a required resistance value by itself, but if this is not the case, the resistance is adjusted by dispersing the conductive powder. You may.

-Therefore, according to the first embodiment, the use of the material described above for the intermediate layer 2 results in less adhesion and a lower mixer. It can be easily removed after kneading. Also, by using this material, the mode separation after the flow is very good, and the σ-roll can be easily removed without damaging it.

The conductive roll of the present invention may be manufactured by either a wet coating method or a dry coating method. For example, even in the case of dry coating, the liquid rubber does not transfer to the coating film, so there is no need to provide the film with an action to prevent the transfer of photosensitive drum contaminants-the selection range of the film is widened. is there.

Next, a conductive roll according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 8 shows a conductive roll according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The conductive roll according to this embodiment is a rubber roll 4 constituting an intermediate layer. Use a halogen gas such as chlorine gas on the surface. Ϊ 4

Or NN-using organic halogenating agents such as dichlorono, latruensulphonic acid amide, trichlorisosyanurate, etc. The rubber roll 4 is formed by performing a log-forming process, whereby the electrical resistance of the rubber roll 4 can be increased. One or is, rubber b Lumpur 4, for example 1 0 ^s Omega following Russia Lumpur the b Lumpur having an electrical resistance has an electrical resistance of about 1 0 ⁴ Omega Ri by the fact that processes c b gain emissions reduction It can be. Also this rubber b Lumpur 4, the first embodiment Ri by the and this combined use of the addition of the conductive powder for resistivity adjustment had use in even higher e.g. 1 0 ⁵ to 1 resistance 0 You can also make a ⁷ Ω mouthpiece. The surface of the rubber roll 4 should be polarized during the manufacturing process by a halogenation treatment, a polarity treatment such as a corona discharge or a plasma discharge. When the sea swells.

In addition, the coating film 5 of the second embodiment has a polarity such as urethane, nylon, epichlorohydrin rubber, acryl rubber, or the like. The use of the material facilitates adhesion to the rubber opening 4 whose surface is polarized. These materials may be coated by either a wet method or a dry method. In any case, the rubber roll 4 and the coating film 5 are adhered to each other. By doing so, it is possible to suppress the fluctuation of the resistance, such as the change with time of the resistance.

Therefore, the conductive roll according to the second embodiment can control the internal resistance of the rubber port 4 which is the intermediate layer. When a conductive roll having a specific resistance of a predetermined value is formed, the resistance ratio between the rubber roll 4 and the coating film 5 can be freely controlled. In use, the voltage applied to the entire conductive roll is applied to the intermediate layer and the coating film 5 in accordance with the resistance ratio. If the withstand voltage is not sufficiently high, the withstand voltage of the entire roll can be increased by increasing the ratio of the internal resistance on the intermediate layer side.

Next, a conductive roll according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the conductive roll of the third embodiment, a rubber port 6 softened by a softener similar to that of the first embodiment is used as an intermediate layer. For the coating film 7, a polymer using one-component urethane is used.

The coating film 7 can firmly adhere to the rubber roll 6 which has been softened and treated by using one-component urethane. It is known that both ester-based resin and ether-based resin whose resistance is adjusted by mixing conductive powder show high withstand voltage. For example, when the film thickness volume-specific resistance is around ^{^{1 0 8 ~ 1 0 1 °}} Ω · cm is 1 0 0 ~ 2 0 0 m , sake voltage characteristic you have a 1.5 to 2. About 5 KV It is a thing. The resistance of the coating film 7 is adjusted by dispersing a conductive metal oxide, for example, a conductive powder such as zinc oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, or carbon black. It has been done. And use this carbon black, for example f,

The three ports are not a high-conductivity carbon such as a metal black black and black, but have a SAF,

DBP oil absorption such as ISAF, HAFF, MAFF, FEF

(ASTMD 2 4 14) The volume of the film is reduced by using a rubber carbon or paint carbon with a structure of about 150 or less. It is possible to control the specific resistance to a specific value in the semiconductor region of 10 ⁶ to 10 ^{] 0} Ω · cm. As a result of research conducted by this inventor, it was found that, especially when a paint-based power with a DBP oil absorption of about 50 to 130-bon black is dispersed in a polyester-based one-part resin paint. For paints whose surface has been acidified by treating the surface, paint black has good compatibility with water and very good dispersion.

It has been found that a film with a stable resistance can be made with a huff.

Next, a conductive hole according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The conductive roll of the fourth embodiment uses a coating film 8 in which a hydrophobic screw is mixed.

In general, the resistance of a coating film depends largely on the humidity of the environment in which it is placed, and in many cases, it is necessary to exceed the appropriate range within the environmental conditions used.

As a result of various attempts by the inventor, it was found that a hydrophobic silica (a chemically bonded silica to silica) was added to the paint at a rate of about 5 to 50 PHR. If mixed, changes in resistance T 7

The fact has been found that the number has been reduced. This is because silicon oil makes the entire coating film water-repellent. In general, if silicone oil or the like is mixed in the coating film, it will cause problems such as bleeding from the film and contaminating the photosensitive drum. If it is added to silica, it does not bleed, so such a problem does not occur, which is also advantageous in that respect.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The conductive roll of the fifth embodiment uses conductive tin oxide doped with antimony oxide as a conductive powder for adjusting the resistance of the coating film 9. ing.

Therefore, according to the conductive roll of the fifth embodiment, since the particle size of the tin oxide is as small as 0.1 m or less and the dispersibility is very good. By appropriately changing the amount of dispersion, the resistance of the coating film 9 can be easily controlled.

Further, since the tin oxide is spherical, the anisotropy of the resistance of the film due to the deformation of the shear during processing does not easily appear. Good characteristics can be exhibited.

Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The conductive roll 6 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is made of a material such as N-methoxymethyliron, which is used as a material for forming the coating film 10. Various metamorphic terminals are used.

Then, when the inventor performed various experiments using the conductive roll of the sixth embodiment, the coating film 10 was brought into contact with the photosensitive drum in a close contact state. When left unattended for a month, it was clear that there was no contamination of the photosensitive drum.

Next, a conductive roll according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the conductive roll according to the seventh embodiment, the coating film has a two-layer structure of an upper layer 11 and a lower layer 12.

The upper layer 11 is made of a material that is somewhat hard and has a low withstand voltage, but does not cause any contamination to the photosensitive drum. In the upper layer 11 of this embodiment, for example, a modified nylon such as N-methoxymethylylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer 11. In this configuration, tin oxide doped with antimony oxide is dispersed, and changes in the external environment such as humidity (for example, 82.5 ° C at 32.5 ° C). Even at 5% RH to 15 ° C (10% RH), the image during recording is not adversely affected. As described above, modified N-iron such as N-methoxymethino-Nylon is a suitable material for the upper layer as described above, but (1) these are completely cross-linked. If not, (2) it should adhere slightly to the photosensitive drum, (3) if it is cross-linked too much, the film will become brittle and it will be easy to wear, and (4) the surface will crack and the withstand voltage will be poor. Even if conductive powder is further added, the electrical resistance ί 9

However, there are drawbacks such as the tendency to be too high.

Therefore, by appropriately controlling the degree of crosslinking of these coating films, for example, controlling the degree of crosslinking by acid catalyst or heating. By doing so, the above-mentioned drawbacks can be significantly improved.

The lower layer 12 is made of a material that is soft, has a high withstand voltage, and does not pass through a substance that does not transmit a substance that causes contamination of the rubber or foam of the intermediate layer 2. It has a structure with a thick coating of about 100 m. In particular, as the material of the lower layer 12 of this embodiment, one-component or two-component polyurethane, epichlorohydrin rubber, acrylic rubber, and chromium rubber can be used. Rusulfonated polyretin, modified nylon, etc. are preferred.

'The specific resistance between the upper layer 11 and the lower layer 12 constituting the coating layer is defined as R, where the resistance of the upper layer 11 is R, and R ₂ is the resistance of the lower layer 12.

(R 2 / R,)> 1

Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the influence of temperature and humidity.

Therefore, according to the conductive roll of the seventh embodiment, the lower layer 12 as a coating film and the upper layer 11 having a lower resistance than the thickness of the lower layer 12 are formed. With this configuration, the environmental dependence of the resistance of the conductive roll can be reduced. In other words, as shown in Fig. 14, the lower layer 12 contact resistance, which increases under low humidity conditions as shown in Fig. 14, is interposed between the lower resistance film, that is, the upper layer 11. ¾0

(Note that this Fig. 14 is a semi-log scale, and the roll resistance value on the vertical axis is displayed in logarithm.) ).

Next, an eighth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the conductive roll of the eighth embodiment, the specific resistance is adjusted so that the specific resistance of the resistance between the intermediate layer 16 and the coating layer 17 is 1: 1.5. .

The intermediate layer 16 is formed by mixing polycarbonate with polybutadiene and liquid polyisoprene, and then performing injection molding. Ru Tei configuration and Tsu Do you also measured by winding the Aluminum foil width by applying a voltage of 1 KV) has a 1 X 1 0 ⁸ Ω.

The coating layer 17 is formed by applying a carbon-in-polyurethane paint with a thickness of 80 m on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate layer 16, and similarly has a roll resistance. the power 1. 5 X 1 0 ⁸ Ω Ru Tei configuration and Tsu Do that have a.

Accordingly, in the conductive roll according to the eighth embodiment, a high voltage of 1.5 KV was applied between the intermediate layer 16 and the coating layer 17, and voltage breakdown was observed. This was confirmed.

Next, a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Table 1.

In the ninth embodiment, a solid rubber and a softener were used in the intermediate layer. In both cases where the liquid rubber is contained in the intermediate layer (a) and where the intermediate layer does not contain liquid rubber (b), the conductive carbon (c) is used for each of the metal chips. When the hardness and resistance were measured when black EC and non-conductive carbon (d), HAF, were mixed, data as shown in Table 1 below were obtained. Was done.

Table 1 shows that, when solid rubber and liquid rubber are used in combination, the hardness is low and the resistance is stable, and when liquid rubber is used together, it is possible to use polyrubber (BR). Using 70 PHR and liquid polysoprene (LIR) 30 PHR, it is possible to obtain a product with low electrical resistance even if the amount of carbon is small. There was found.

Therefore, according to the ninth embodiment, it is possible to produce a soft, soft, and highly conductive flowing rubber.

Note that, in the ninth embodiment,

(In the case of a, polybutadiene (BR) 70 PHR and liquid polyisoprene (LIR) 30 PHR are kneaded with power and black in a banner, Sheets were made by pressurization and the hardness and resistance were measured, and when liquid rubber was not included (b), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) was used. ), A natural rubber (NR) was kneaded with a bonbon black in a banbury, pressed and pressed to form a sheet, and the hardness and resistance were measured. a

~

1

Carbon '(PHR) hardness Volume specific rubber component Experiment Keb B resistance

Number la

Possible C

Chip HAF

c

(Asker

ソ (Ω · era)

4 4 2 9.3 x 10 BR / LIR: 70/30 d

4 3 4.4 x 10 ⁵

6 4 3 4, 7 x 10 ⁵

4 3 1.5 x 10 ⁴

4 3 6.2 x 10 ^s

9 1.6 x 10 ⁶

.7 3 1 0 1.3 x 10 ⁶

3 1 1 8.0 x 10 ⁵

1 2 7.0 x 10 ⁵

1 0 5 4 7 1.3 x 10 ⁵

1 1 5 1 0 4 8 1.4 x 10 ⁵

1 2 5 1 5 5 0 1.3 10 ⁴

1 3 5 2 0 5 4 4.4 x 10 ^s

1 4 4 0 6 2 4.9 10 ³

1 5 5 0 6 5 2.7 x 10 ³

1 6 6 0 6 7 1.5 x 10

1 7 4 5 4 4 2.5 x 10 ⁷ NR / SBR: 52/48

(b)

1 8 4 5 6 3 3.9 x 10 ⁶ NR

* Only for these JISA hardness Next, a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Table 2.

The conductive roll according to the tenth embodiment has a configuration in which the surface of the intermediate layer is polarized. In this example, such an arrangement was immersed twice in two treatment methods, namely, immediately with 4% of acetonitrile in a trichloride socielate. (E), and (2) when immersed twice in 4% of the tricyclium-isolated acetic acid acetate (f) before and after the treatment. When the roll resistance (measured with a roll of aluminum foil of 1 cm width and a voltage of 1 KV applied to the roll) was measured, the results shown in Table 2 were obtained. Was.

From Table 2, it can be seen that by performing the polarization process, the intrinsic volume resistance can be increased, in other words, the resistance of the intermediate layer can be controlled. You can see that. In other words, this is because the treatment agent impregnates the inside of the intermediate layer and forms a layer of dozens of micron-polarized on the surface.

In addition, by performing this polarization treatment, the adhesiveness of the surface is reduced, so that it is difficult for debris to adhere, and it is easy to obtain a polarized coating film. Adhesion is also possible.

In this example, as the intermediate layer used in the case of (e), cis 1,4-polybutadiene 60 PHR (BR 02 LL made by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) Lithoprene 40 PHR (LIR 30 made by Kralaisoprene), Ketchen Black EC (Ketchen 'Black' interna Signal 9A

This is a product obtained by kneading 10 PHHR and a flow additive in a B-type batch and then spray molding. The materials used in (f) were Sys 1,4-polybutadiene 70 PHR, liquid polysoprene 30 PHR, Ketchen Black EC 8 It is formed by kneading the PHR and force [I flow agent in a B-type chamber and then injection molding.

Table 2

Next, the eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. The conductive roll of the eleventh embodiment has a structure in which the intermediate layer is composed of a polystyrene and a liquid polyprene. It is formed by injection molding with a mixture of a carbon black and a coolant. This is polarized with a 2% solution of Trichloronolate Sodium Acetate and applied with a urethane-based thermoplastic urethane paint. Then, it was dried to form a coating film.

The cormorants in the conductive path Lumpur, which is formed by good of this, this filtration and tried to stand between one month to the laboratory, the dew Lumpur resistance have a dimethyl 2. 2 X 1 0 ⁵ Ω Les , the other also of ^{is, 2. 3 X 1 0 5} Ω and Do Ri, is and stomach this, such has been殆throat change was found. However, the roll resistance was measured for the same material that was formed in the same way without performing the polarization treatment and left for the same period. 2.0 x 10 ⁵ Ω, a force that can be significantly changed to 1.0 x 10 ⁶ Ω.

Therefore, according to this example, it can be seen that it is possible to suppress the occurrence of aging of the resistance with time. That is, since the intermediate layer and the coating film are firmly bonded to each other, the component from the intermediate layer is pulled into the small gap generated at the bonding site due to poor bonding, and the resistance value is reduced. It is prevented from changing. Further, since the coating film can be prevented from being displaced or wrinkled when the coating film is adhered to the intermediate layer, it is possible to prevent the image from being disturbed during copying.

Next, a description will be given of a 12th embodiment according to the present invention. In the conductive roll of this embodiment, the coating film is formed by a polymer using one-part urethane or two-part urethane. In the example, the main chain of urethane is formed by adipic acid ester. In other words, the conductive roll of this embodiment is obtained by adding a carbon black and a flow additive to polybutadiene and liquid polyisoprene as an intermediate layer, They are made by kneading and injection molding. The intermediate layer formed in this way is treated with a 2% solution of trichloronorethocyanurate in acetate to disperse carbon. The structure is such that a paint (P22S, trade name, manufactured by Miractran Co.) is applied and dried to form a 4 m coating film.

The conductive roll thus formed is connected to a poly-force button. In a stress corrosion cracking experiment of a photoreceptor whose main raw material was a sheet, when a conductive roll having a urethane coating film was adhered to the photoreceptor, 2 No cracks were observed for more than 0 days. In addition, when an object consisting of only the intermediate layer was brought into close contact with the photoreceptor, cracks occurred in the intermediate layer in 8 hours.

From this experiment, it was found that urethane partially crystallized and had high strength, and that it strongly adhered to the bonded intermediate layer, that is, the rubber roll. RU In addition, this urethane has a high withstand voltage, and can exhibit a high withstand voltage even when carbon or conductive metal oxide is used to match the resistance in the semiconductor region. In particular, the acid voltage of adipic acid ester is excellent.

Next, a thirteenth embodiment according to the present invention will be described. The conductive roll of the thirteenth embodiment has a coating film of an ester-liquid urethane coating with a DBP oil absorption of about 130 to 50. The inventor of the present invention has a configuration in which the blacks are dispersed, and in particular, by adopting such a configuration, a film having a stable resistance with little variation can be obtained. Research ■ Confirmed by experiments.

In other words, in this example, an ester of 1,4-butanediol and adipic acid was used as a coating film in MDI (4,4-diphenylezomethane diamine). One-component polyurethane (chain name: P.2S, manufactured by Miracton Co., Ltd.) 100 PHR is dissolved in a dioxane MEK at a concentration of 16%, and this is added to a carbon particle with an average particle size of 22 μm, DBP oil absorption capacity of 100 m1 / 100 g, and PH of 3.5. (Mitsubishi Kasei's trade name MA100) was used with 18 PHR plus paint. In addition, the conductive roll of this example has a thickness of about 200 m in an intermediate layer obtained by subjecting this coating material to a halogenation treatment with a trichloride solution. It was formed by applying it to a film thickness and drying it at 120 ° C for 5 hours.

Note that several 100-m / m-thick films were prepared from the paint to be used as the coating film in this example, and the films were prepared at 120 ° C for 5 minutes. after time drying, the volume resistivity of this filtrate and was measured ^{6 0 X 1 0 8 -.} .. 8 0 X 1 0 8 and the narrow range of reproducibility by Ku Ru reed or this of is, in this invention's Experiments and measurements confirmed the results. In addition, when conducting a withstand voltage experiment by applying a DC voltage while rotating the conductive roll to which the paint was applied in this way, a voltage of 2.0 KV was applied. It was confirmed that no destruction occurred, and it was also found that it had a withstand voltage characteristic of at least 2.0 KV or more.

Next, a description will be given of a fifteenth embodiment according to the present invention. A conductive roll according to the fourteenth embodiment has a structure in which hydrophobic silica is mixed as a coating film. As shown in Table 3 below, it was confirmed that the environmental change of the resistance was reduced. In this example, a carbon black and a flowing agent were put into a polyolefin pigment and a liquid polyisoprene as an intermediate layer, and injection molding was performed. Uses rubber roll. Then, the conductive roll of this embodiment is obtained by treating the intermediate layer thus formed with a 2% solution of trichlorisocyanurate in acetonitrile, The outer peripheral surface of the thermoplastic silica is SS10 (trade name, manufactured by Nihon Silica Co., Ltd.), and contains thermoplastic resin containing carbon containing 10 PFR. The structure is such that a coating film is formed by applying a tin paint and drying.

Table 3

Next, a fifteenth embodiment according to the present invention will be described.

The conductive roll of the fifteenth embodiment has a configuration in which the coating film has tin oxide doped with antimony oxide. In other words, the conductive roll of this example uses conductive tin oxide as the coating film, and as a result, the following effects were obtained. did. (1) The particle size force of the tin oxide contained is as small as 0.1 m or less, and the dispersibility is very good. By appropriately changing the dispersion amount, the resistance of the coating film can be improved. It is easy to control the value o.

(2) Since tin oxide is spherical, the anisotropy of the film resistance due to the shearing during processing is unlikely to appear, and therefore it exhibits good properties as a conductive hole. You can do it.

In addition, the inventors of the present invention conducted various experiments on the conductive roll according to this embodiment and the conductive roll having a coating film formed of various materials so as to actually carry out various experiments. As a result, we obtained the following knowledge about image quality as shown in Table 4.

Table 4

Similarly, tin oxide is put into modified nylon to form two layers. The same applies to the case where the coating is applied to the upper layer of the formed coating film, and the case where other various materials are applied to the upper layer of the coating film by putting them into a modified nib, as shown in Table 4. Results were also obtained.

Next, a sixteenth embodiment according to the present invention will be described.

The conductive roll of this embodiment uses modified nylon as a material for forming the coating film, and has a high degree of cross-linking to the photosensitive drum, preventing the generation of fragility and preventing the formation of brittleness. It has a configuration that has a predetermined value in consideration of the electrical resistance and the like.

In other words, the coating film of the conductive roll of this example was modified with N—methoxymethyl Nylon (trade name: EF3, manufactured by Teikoku Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a modified nylon. 0 T), but other than this, for example, N-methoxymethylated copolymerized nylon (trade name: G550, manufactured by Teikoku Chemical Co., Ltd.) or modified copolymer Amid (trade name: AQ Nylon P-70) manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd., Polyether, Polyester copolymerized soft nylon (trade name: Toray Co., Ltd. 2 5 3 3 and 3 5 3 3) are also acceptable.

The modified nylon such as N-methoxymethyi-nylon used in this example is a suitable material as the upper layer of the coating film. If not cross-linked completely, it will adhere to the photosensitive drum. ② If it is cross-linked too much, the film will become brittle and will be easily worn, and the surface will have cracks and the electric resistance will be reduced. There are drawbacks such as (3) the electrical resistance tends to be too high even if conductive powder is added. Under such circumstances, the inventor conducted various researches and, as a result, controlled the degree of bridging of the coating film. It has been found that the above-mentioned control is carried out with an acid catalyst or by heating.

Therefore, the same film as that used for the coating film of this embodiment, N-methoxysilane, was used to adhere to the photosensitive drum. After leaving it for one month, it was found that the photosensitive drum had no pollution power.

Next, a seventeenth embodiment according to the present invention will be described.

O

In the conductive roll of the seventeenth embodiment, the coating film is composed of an upper layer and a lower layer.

The upper layer is made of a material that does not adhere to the photosensitive drum, and is formed to a thickness of 3 to 50 m on the outer peripheral surface of the lower layer. Particularly, in this embodiment, the seventh embodiment is used. The same modified nylon is used. Since the upper layer of this embodiment is formed thinner than the lower layer, it may be somewhat hard and have a low withstand voltage.

The lower layer is soft and has good electric resistance as in the previous seventh embodiment, and is permeable to substances that cause contamination of the rubber in the intermediate layer and the photosensitive drum in the foam. It is made of a material that does not allow it to be formed, and is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate layer so as to be as thick as 500 to 200 m. In short, the lower layer is JISA Uses soft thermoplastic urethane with a hardness of around 80 degrees, resulting in good electrical resistance and contamination of the photosensitive drum with rubber and foam in the intermediate layer. So that there is no danger of permeating substances that cause

Therefore, according to the seventeenth embodiment, by separating and sharing the functions of the upper layer and the lower layer, the selection range of the materials used for each of these layers is greatly expanded. It is a thing.

If the lower layer is coated with a one-part urethane paint in which a carbon for paint is dispersed, it is easy to adjust to the specified resistance, but the carbon is oriented in the axial direction. However, it was found that if the photosensitive drum had a pinhole, it caused poor charging along the axial direction of that portion, and it was easy for black lines to be generated in the image. In particular, taking into account the by that rise like to change Ya energized that by the Russia Lumpur resistance of the environment, can and the filtrate Lumpur resistance and low Ku (3 X 1 0 ⁵ Ω or less), the phenomenon of child Oko Ri When the inventor conducted various experiments and researches, the conductive tin oxide was dispersed after coating with the one-part urethane paint. The generation of black lines was able to be suppressed by covering about 3 to 20 m with the train. This is thought to be because tin oxide has a fine sphere and thus has a small orientation. Conductive tin oxide is remarkably expensive compared to bon-bon, but uses a low-cost conductive material such as bon-bon for the lower layer and is thin (5 to 30/1 m) for the upper layer. However, the use of a conductive material with good performance makes 38

This makes it possible to make the charging roll at low cost.

Also, in the embodiment of this, when you grant a particularly high withstand voltage characteristics, Ru only Russia over must Le Raise the resistance value lower (3 X 1 0 ⁵ or Omega). At this time, the dependence of the open-circuit resistance on the environment appears, but by making the specific resistance of the upper layer film lower than that of the lower layer film, In particular, the dependence on the external environment such as humidity can be greatly reduced. Note that when the lower layer only b Lumpur resistance 2 X 1 0 ⁵ Ω or less and low specific resistance of the Na lowered Ri by resistivity rather the external environment dependency of the lower film of the upper layer is not less. In addition, urethane containing conductive powder has a high specific resistance under high humidity, but modified nylon containing conductive powder has a low specific resistance under high humidity. Therefore, it is particularly preferable to use a two-layer coating with urethane as the lower layer and modified nylon as the upper layer, and to reduce the environmental dependence of the conductive roll. Can be done.

Next, a method of manufacturing the conductive roll according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 21. FIG.

(1) First, apply a conductive adhesive 13 to the metal shaft 1 having an outer diameter of 8 mm (see Fig. 15). This means that the shaft 1 and the rubber roll 2 are firmly adhered to each other to improve the durability during rotation, and that the shaft 1 and the rubber roll 2 are connected to each other. This is to make the contact resistance between them uniform and eliminate electrical resistance mura. (2) Next, a rubber hole 2 having an outer diameter of 15 mm is formed around the shaft 1 by injection molding or extrusion molding. Is molded and vulcanized (see Fig. 16).

The rubber material used at this time was a liquid rubber mixed with a solid rubber as a softening agent, and a conductive material was blended so that the oil would not seep into the solvent of the coating material. Use a conductive material.

(3) Cover both ends of shaft 1 with tubing 14 made of polypropylene and made of 6 dragons inside diameter and 9 outside diameters (see Fig. 17). The material of the tube 14 is one that does not contaminate the coating solution, and it is preferable that the shaft 14 be elastically gripped. In this case, in order to prevent the occurrence of pinholes, it is desirable to secure an outer diameter difference of at least 0.5 between the rubber roll 2 and the tube 14. In particular, it is preferable to secure 0.25 mm or more as the step S for creating a liquid pool.

(4) Then, in order to remove foreign substances on the surface of the rubber roll 2, wash with pure water or methanol, toluene, etc., and dry.

(5) Then, in order to bond the rubber roll 2 and the coating film 3, the surface of the rubber roll 2 is treated with a halogen gas or an organic halogenating agent. Polarize.

That is, if there is an air layer even between the rubber roll 2 and the coating film 3, the withstand voltage characteristics are poor and the electric resistance is poor. 3 S

This is because resistance is generated, and it is important that the coating film 3 is firmly adhered to the rubber port 2.

(6) Next, holding one end of the rubber roll 2, stand it upright, and date it into the coating material solution 15 (see Fig. 18). This coating material solution is an electrically conductive urethane made of carbon, graphite, or a conductive metal oxide, that is, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, or tin oxide. Tan is preferred. Since this urethane is soft and adheres well to Gum Roll 2 by a halogenogen treatment, it is a suitable material for the conductive roll coating film. Alternatively, it may be Acryl, Epicro, or Nylon.

In the case of a foam, a coater method such as Roll Co., Ltd. or Nyf Co., Co., which can use a coating material solution having a relatively high viscosity, is suitable. ,

(7) Then, when the rubber roll 2 and the masking tube 14 are heated and dried, the end of the roll becomes the first due to shrinkage of the coating film 3. The state changes from the state shown in Fig. 9 to that shown in Fig. 20 to form fillet A. As described above, this filet A is useful for improving the withstand voltage characteristics of the end portion. In addition, when the coating material solution is applied and dried by vertically moving the rubber roll, the coating material solution that has excessively adhered to the end surface of the rubber roll gradually drips to the side surface of the rubber roll during drying. And the thickness of the coating film 3 may be uneven. Because of this, it is preferable that the outer diameter difference between the rubber roll and the tube is set to 2.5 or less.

18) Finally, in the part B of the coating film 3, a scratch is made with a knife over the entire circumferential direction (see FIG. 20), and the masking tube is removed (see FIG. 20). See 2 1). Industrial applicability

As described above, the conductive roll according to the present invention is useful as a conductive roll for developing, charging, discharging, transferring, etc., used in an electronic photo recording device. Particularly, it is suitable for applying or removing a potential to a photoconductor of a copying machine.

Claims

87 Claims

1. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and an intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive film having a coating having a higher specific resistance than the layer and applying a potential of a predetermined polarity while making contact with the photoreceptor or the transfer paper; Is formed from a material containing solid rubber and liquid rubber mixed into the solid rubber as a softening agent.

2. The conductive roll according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the resistance between the intermediate layer and the coating film is 1: 0.1 to 1:10.

3. The intermediate layer is a conductive rubber body made of a rubber material mixed with a bon black, in which the structure does not have a developed structure. The conductive roll according to claim 1

4. The conductive roll according to claim 3, wherein the surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized.

5. The surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized, and at least a coating film has a polar coating material on an adhesion surface with the conductive roll. Conductive roll according to 1, 3 or 4.

6. A claim that the coating film is formed by a polymer using one-part or two-part urethane. Item 4. The conductive roll according to Item 1.

7. The conductive roller according to claim 1, wherein the coating film has one-part urethane or two-part urethane and a carbon for coating. Le.

8. The conductive roll according to claim 1, 5 or 7, wherein a hydrophobic silica is mixed in the coating film.

9. The conductive roll according to claim 1, wherein the coating film has an oxide oxide doped with antimony oxide.

10. The conductive roll according to any one of claims 1, 5, 7, 8 and 9, wherein a modified nylon is used as the material for forming the coating film.

1 1. An upper layer formed of a relatively hard and thin upper layer that is free from contamination of the photoreceptor or transfer paper, and a relatively flexible and electrically resistant layer formed thicker than the upper layer. 2. The conductive roll according to claim 1, wherein the conductive roll has a two-layer structure including a lower layer having good properties.

12. The conductive roll according to claim 11, wherein a modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer. 13. The upper layer is doped with antimony oxide. 12. The conductive hole according to claim 11, wherein the conductive hole contains oxidized tin.

14 4. As a material for the lower layer, be sure that it is formed by a polymer using a one-part or two-part resin layer. 89

The conductive roll according to claim 11, wherein the conductive roll is a roll.

15. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll which has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a predetermined polarity potential while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper.

The intermediate layer is made of silicone rubber, urethane rubber, polybutene urethane rubber, polyholholene rubber, natural rubber, polybutadienego. Rubber, styrene rubber, acrylic rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, acrylic rubber, acrylic rubber, epichlorohydrin A conductive foam characterized by being made of a non-foamed elastic material such as rubber, ethylene acetic acid butyl rubber, fluorine rubber, or a mixture thereof, or a foamed elastic material. Rules.

16. The resistance ratio between the intermediate layer and the coating film is 1: 0.1 ~

16. The conductive roll according to claim 15, wherein the ratio is 1:10.

17. The intermediate layer is characterized in that the intermediate layer is a conductive rubber body formed of a rubber material mixed with carbon black having no developed structure. A conductive roll according to claim 15.

18. The conductive roll according to claim 17, wherein only the surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized, and at least a coating film has a polar covering material on an adhesion surface with the conductive roll. Conductive port as described in 5, 17 or 18.

20. The conductive film according to claim 15, wherein the coating film is formed by a polymer using one-component or two-component urethane. Roll.

21. The conductive roll according to claim 15, wherein the coating film has one-part urethane or two-part urethane and a carbon for paint.

22. The conductive roll according to claim 15, 19 or 21, wherein hydrophobic silica is mixed in the coating film.

23. The conductive roller according to claim 15, 15, 19, 21 or 22, wherein the coating film has tin oxide doped with antimony oxide. Le. .

24. The conductive roll according to claim 15, 19, 21, 21, 22, or 23, wherein a modified nylon is used as the coating film forming material. .

25. An upper layer formed of a relatively hard, thinner, and relatively flexible, electrically-conductive coating that does not contaminate the photoreceptor or transfer paper, and a thicker film formed than the upper layer. 16. The conductive roll according to claim 15, wherein the conductive roll has a two-layer structure including a lower layer having good properties.

2 6. Use modified nylon as the material for the upper layer. Four !

26. The conductive roll according to claim 25, wherein the conductive roll has a shape.

27. The conductive roll according to claim 25, wherein the upper layer contains soot oxide doped with antimony oxide.

28. The method according to claim 25, wherein the lower layer is formed of a polymer using one-part or two-part polyurethane as a material for forming the lower layer. Conductive roll as described.

29. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive and elastic intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll that has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper.

2. The conductive roll according to claim 1, wherein the ratio between the resistance of the intermediate layer and the resistance of the coating film is 1: 0.1 to 1:10.

30. The intermediate layer is a conductive rubber body made of a rubber material mixed with bon black, which is a force with no developed structure. 30. The conductive hole according to claim 29.

31. The conductive roll according to claim 30, wherein the surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized.

32. The method according to claim 2, wherein the surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized, and at least a coating film has a polar covering material on an adhesion surface with the conductive roll. 9, 30 or 4 Z

Is the conductive roll described in 31.

33. The conductive film according to claim 29, wherein the coating film is formed by a polymer using one-part or two-part urethane. Roll.

34. The conductive roller according to claim 29, wherein the coating film has one-part urethane or two-part urethane and a carbon for paint. Le.

35. The conductive roll according to claim 29, 32 or 33, wherein hydrophobic silica is mixed in the coating film.

36. The method according to claim 29,32, 33, or 35, wherein the coating film has an oxide soot doped with antimony oxide. Conductive roll as described.

37. The conductive roll according to claim 29, 32, 33, 35 or 36, wherein a modified nylon is used as the coating film forming material. .

38. An upper layer formed of a relatively hard, thinner, and relatively flexible, electrically-conductive coating that does not contaminate the photoreceptor or transfer paper, and a thicker film formed than the upper layer. 30. The conductive roll according to claim 29, wherein the conductive roll has a two-layer structure including a lower layer having good properties.

39. The conductive roll according to claim 38, wherein a modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer.

40. The conductive material according to claim 38, wherein the upper layer contains tin oxide doped with antimony oxide. Roll.

41. Claim 38, characterized in that the lower layer is formed by a polymer using a one-part or two-part resin layer as the lower layer forming material. A conductive roll according to claim 1.

4 2. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll that has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper. A conductive roll characterized in that the intermediate layer is a conductive rubber body formed of a rubber material mixed with carbon black having no developed structure. .

43. The conductive roll according to claim 42, wherein the surface of the conductive rubber body has a polarized structure.

44. The surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized, and at least a coating film has a polar covering material on an adhesion surface with the conductive roll. Conductive roll according to 4 2 or 4 3.

45. The method according to claim 42, wherein the coating film is formed by a polymer using one-part or two-part urethane. Conductive roll.

46. The conductive film according to claim 42, wherein the coating film has one-part urethane or two-part urethane and a carbon for paint. Roll.

47. The conductive roll according to claim 42, 44 or 46, wherein hydrophobic silica is mixed in the coating film.

48. The conductive film according to claim 42, 44, 46 or 47, wherein the coating film comprises tin oxide doped with antimony oxide. Roll.

49. The conductive roll according to claim 42, 44, 46, 47 or 48, wherein a modified nylon is used as the coating film forming material. .

50. The coating layer is relatively hard and thin, and the upper layer is relatively flexible and free from contamination of the photoreceptor or transfer paper. 43. The conductive roll according to claim 42, wherein the conductive roll has a two-layer structure including a favorable lower layer.

51. The conductive roll according to claim 50, characterized in that a modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer.

52. The conductive roll according to claim 50, wherein the upper layer contains tin oxide doped with antimony oxide.

53. The method according to claim 50, characterized in that the lower layer is formed by a polymer using a one- or two-component resin as a material for forming the lower layer. Conductive roll.

5 4. A good conductor shaft provided on the core portion, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. Higher specific resistance than middle layer A conductive roll that applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper.

A conductive roll, characterized in that the surface of the intermediate layer has a polarized structure.

55. The conductive rubber body is characterized in that the surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized, and at least the coating film has a polar covering material on the bonding surface with the conductive roll. The conductive wire according to claim 54.

56. Claim 54 characterized by the fact that the coating film is formed by a polymer using one-part or two-part urethane. Conductive roll.

57. The conductive film according to claim 54, wherein the coating film has one-part urethane or two-part urethane and a carbon for paint. Roll.

58. The conductive roll according to claim 54, 55 or 57, wherein a hydrophobic silica is mixed in the coating film.

59. The conductive film according to claim 54, 55, 57 or 57, wherein the coating film has an oxide soot doped with antimony oxide. Roll.

60. The conductive roller according to claim 54, 55, 57, 58 or 59, wherein a modified nylon is used as the coating film forming material. Le.

6 1. Make sure that the coating does not stain the photoreceptor or transfer paper. It is characterized by a two-layer structure consisting of an upper layer formed relatively thin and thin without dyeing, and a lower layer formed relatively thicker and thicker than the upper layer and having good electric resistance. A conductive roll according to claim 54.

62. The conductive roll according to claim 61, wherein a modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer.

63. The conductive roll according to claim 61, wherein the upper layer contains tin oxide doped with antimony oxide.

64. The method according to claim 61, wherein the lower layer is formed by a polymer using a one-part or two-part resin layer as a material for forming the lower layer. Conductive roll.

65. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of this shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll that has a coating film with higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper ,

The surface of the intermediate layer is polar, and

A conductive roll characterized by having a polar coating substance on at least the bonding surface of the coating film with the conductive roll.

6 6. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. Higher specific resistance than middle layer A conductive film that has a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or the transfer paper.

A conductive film characterized in that the coating film is formed by a polymer using one-part or two-part urethane;

67. The conductive material according to claim 66, wherein the coating film has one-part urethane or two-part urethane and a carbon for paint. Roll.

68. The conductive roll according to claim 66 or 67, wherein a hydrophobic silica is mixed in the coating film.

69. The conductive roll according to claim 66, 67 or 68, wherein the coating film has tin oxide doped with antimony oxide.

70. The conductive roll according to claim 66, 67, 68 or 69, wherein a modified nylon is used as the coating film forming material.

7 1. An upper layer formed of a relatively hard, thinner, and relatively flexible, electrically-conductive coating that does not contaminate the photoreceptor or transfer paper, and a thicker film formed than the upper layer. Claim 6 characterized by having a two-layer structure consisting of a lower layer having good properties.

6. The conductive roll according to 6.

72. The conductive roll according to claim 66, wherein modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer.

73. The conductive roll according to claim 66, wherein the upper layer contains tin oxide doped with antimony oxide.

7 4. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll that has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper.

A conductive roll, characterized in that the coating film has one-part urethane or two-part urethane and a carbon for paint.

75. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll that has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper.

The conductive roll as described above, characterized in that hydrophobic coating is mixed in the coating film.

76. The conductive rosette according to claim 75, wherein the coating film has tin oxide doped with antimony oxide.

77. The conductive port according to claim 76 or 77, wherein a modified nylon is used as the coating film forming material. One le o

7 8. The coating film was relatively hard, thin and free of contamination on the photoreceptor or transfer paper, and was formed relatively soft and thicker than the upper layer. The conductive roll according to claim 75, wherein the conductive roll has a two-layer structure including a lower layer having good electric resistance.

79. The conductive roll according to claim 78, wherein modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer.

80. The conductive roll according to claim 78, wherein the upper layer contains soot doped with antimony oxide.

81. The method according to claim 78, characterized in that the lower layer is formed by a polymer using one-part or two-part polyurethane as a material for forming the lower layer. Conductive roll as described.

8 2. A good conductor shaft provided on the core portion, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive film that has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper.

A conductive roll characterized in that the coating film has an oxide soot doped with antimony oxide.

83. The conductive roll according to claim 82, wherein a modified nylon is used as the material for forming the coating film.

8 4. A relatively hard, thin upper layer and a relatively flexible upper layer with no contamination on the photoreceptor or transfer paper, and a thicker than the upper layer. The conductive roll according to claim 82, wherein the conductive roll has a two-layer structure composed of a favorable lower layer.

85. The conductive roll according to claim 82, wherein a modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer.

86. The conductive roll according to claim 83, wherein the upper layer contains soot doped with antimony oxide.

87. The method according to claim 83, wherein the lower layer is formed of a polymer using one-part or two-part polyurethane as a material for forming the lower layer. Conductive roll.

8 8. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll which has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a predetermined polarity potential while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper.

A conductive roll characterized by using modified nylon as a material for forming a coating film.

8 9. A relatively hard, thin upper layer that is free from contamination of the photoreceptor or transfer paper, and a relatively flexible, electrically resistant, thicker layer than the upper layer. Good sex § 1

9. The conductive roll according to claim 88, wherein the conductive roll has a two-layer structure composed of a lower layer.

90. The conductive hole according to claim 89, wherein the upper layer contains soot oxide doped with antimony oxide.

9 1. Claim 8 9 characterized by being formed by a polymer using a one-component or two-component resin as the lower layer forming material. A conductive roll according to claim 1.

• 9 2. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and an outer layer of the intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll that has a coating film with higher specific resistance than the provided intermediate layer, and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper. hand,

The coating layer is relatively hard and thin, and the upper layer is relatively flexible and free from contamination of the photoreceptor or transfer paper.The coating film is thicker than the upper layer and has good electrical resistance. A conductive roll characterized in that it has a two-layer structure composed of various lower layers.

93. The conductive roll according to claim 92, wherein a modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer.

94. The conductive roll according to claim 92, wherein the upper layer contains soot oxide doped with antimony oxide.

9 5. As a material for forming the lower layer, a one-part or two-part A conductive hole formed by a polymer using a resin.

9 6. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll that has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity to the photoreceptor or transfer paper without contacting it.

The coating film has a two-layer structure consisting of an upper layer and a lower layer, and a modified nylon is used as a material for forming the upper layer.

A conductive roll characterized in that the degree of crosslinking of the modified nylon is a predetermined value.

97. The conductive hole according to claim 96, wherein the upper layer contains tin oxide doped with antimony oxide.

98. The method according to claim 96, wherein the lower layer is formed of a polymer using one-component or two-component polyurethane as a material for forming the lower layer. Conductive roll.

9 9. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a conductive layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll that has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or transfer paper. The coating layer is formed of a relatively hard and thin upper layer which is free from contamination of the photoreceptor or the transfer paper, and a relatively flexible and relatively thicker and thicker layer than the upper layer. It has a two-layer structure with a good lower layer,

A conductive roll, wherein the upper layer contains tin oxide doped with antimony oxide.

10 9. The method according to claim 9, wherein the lower layer is formed by a polymer using one-or two-component urethane as a material for forming the lower layer. A conductive roll according to claim 1.

10 1. A good conductor shaft provided on the core, a conductive and stretchable intermediate layer provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and an outer layer provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. A conductive roll which has a coating film having a higher specific resistance than the intermediate layer and applies a potential of a predetermined polarity while contacting the photoreceptor or the transfer paper. A relatively hard and thin upper layer and a relatively flexible and softer and more thick layer than the upper layer, which does not contaminate the photoreceptor or transfer paper It has a two-layer structure with a good lower layer, and is formed by a polymer using one-part or two-part urethane as the lower layer forming material. A conductive roll characterized in that:

10 2. Wet coating method such as electrostatic coating, datesbing, roll coating, etc. or extrusion method, shunting tube method, etc. Mouth — before forming by dry coating method A method for manufacturing a conductive opening, comprising: performing masking by covering a tube having an outer diameter smaller than an outer diameter of a child end on a shaft.

103. The surface of the conductive rubber body is subjected to halogenation treatment using a halogen gas or an organic halogenating agent, and the electric resistance value of the conductive rubber body is determined. A method for producing a conductive roll, characterized in that the control is performed.

104. The surface of the conductive rubber body is polarized by halogenation treatment, corona discharge or plasma treatment, and the surface of the conductive rubber body is further treated. A method for manufacturing a conductive roll, comprising bonding a polar coating layer to a conductive roll.