WO1991009077A1 - A method of foaming plastic materials and a blowing agent for use therewith - Google Patents

A method of foaming plastic materials and a blowing agent for use therewith Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991009077A1
WO1991009077A1 PCT/DK1990/000328 DK9000328W WO9109077A1 WO 1991009077 A1 WO1991009077 A1 WO 1991009077A1 DK 9000328 W DK9000328 W DK 9000328W WO 9109077 A1 WO9109077 A1 WO 9109077A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blowing agent
mixture
substances
boiling
foam
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1990/000328
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans Jørgen ØSTERGAARD
Original Assignee
Oestergaard Hans Joergen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oestergaard Hans Joergen filed Critical Oestergaard Hans Joergen
Publication of WO1991009077A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991009077A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
    • C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only

Definitions

  • a method of foaming plastic materials and a blowing agent for use therewith is provided.
  • the present invention relates to a method of foam ⁇ ing plastic, preferably polyurethane, for producing a plastic foam, whereby a liquid plastic substance is brought to expand into foam by admixing and boiling of a blowing agent.
  • foam ⁇ ing plastic preferably polyurethane
  • polyurethane foam it has been traditional to use the blowing agent -ll, but as well known this substance has come under well-founded suspicion of being ozone decomposing, such that for safeguarding the ozone layer of the earth this substance should not be used any longer.
  • FC-134A The boiling point of FC-134A is -26.5°C, and it has been found that this substance is usable not only to ⁇ gether with the said other substance, but even as a substitute for the R-22 in the mixture according to O89/00594, that is where the substance is effective in admixture with 1.1.1. trichloroethane having the boiling point of 75-76°C.
  • the other of the said two substances has a boiling point of 87°C, and the substance is usable with very good results in admixture with FC-134A, but also in admixture with R-22, i.e. as a substitute for 1.1.1. trichloroethane.
  • FC-134A a boiling point of 87°C
  • R-22 i.e. as a substitute for 1.1.1. trichloroethane.
  • the more attractive mixture will be the one with FC-134A, because of its extremely low ozone decomposing effect.
  • blowing agent mixtures consisting of components of mutually different boiling points, but it is an impor ⁇ tant characteristic for the present invention as well as for the invention according to W089/00594 that the mix ⁇ tures here concerned are effective and are handable and operative by atmospheric pressure and ambient working temperature.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

By the intensive endeavours for finding harmless substitutes for freon as a blowing agent in the production of foamed materials there has so far been indicated only very few substances usable under ambient pressure and temperature conditions. Of particular importance has been a mixture of trichloroethane and R-22, but even these substances exhibit a certain ozone decomposing effect. However, according to the present invention it is possible to replace these two substances entirely or partly by trichloroethylene and tetrafluoroethane, respectively, these substances being both well usable and negligibly ozone decomposing.

Description

A method of foaming plastic materials and a blowing agent for use therewith.
The present invention relates to a method of foam¬ ing plastic, preferably polyurethane, for producing a plastic foam, whereby a liquid plastic substance is brought to expand into foam by admixing and boiling of a blowing agent. In the production of polyurethane foam it has been traditional to use the blowing agent -ll, but as well known this substance has come under well-founded suspicion of being ozone decomposing, such that for safeguarding the ozone layer of the earth this substance should not be used any longer.
On this background, in the chemical industry very large efforts and costs have been spent for finding a suitable substitute for R-ll, but generally without any usable result. However, in a single instance, confer WO89/00594, an advantageous alternative has been pro¬ vided, viz. by the use of 1.1.1.trichloroetane in combi¬ nation with the component R-22, whereby a fully usable foaming effect is achievable by means of components that are substantially less ozone decomposing compared with the R-ll as used hitherto.
It has been found, however, that even 1.1.1. tri- chloroethane as well as R-22 exhibit a certain ozone decomposing effect, although weak, and it is the purpose of the present invention to provide a substance which is usable as an alternative with good results as to both the foaming effect and a lacking ozone decomposing ef¬ fect. The intensive research that has gone on has not left much hope that such a substance could exist at all, but neverthe less it has been found that there are a couple of substances which are perfectly usable, when they are used according to the mixture principle dis¬ closed in said W089/00594, i.e. where two or more compo- nents having widely different boiling points are used in a mixture, which will then have a resulting, practically usable boiling point range. One of these two substances is FC-134A, 1.1.1.2. tetrafluoroethane, and the other is 1.1.2. trichloroethylene.
The boiling point of FC-134A is -26.5°C, and it has been found that this substance is usable not only to¬ gether with the said other substance, but even as a substitute for the R-22 in the mixture according to O89/00594, that is where the substance is effective in admixture with 1.1.1. trichloroethane having the boiling point of 75-76°C. Already thereby an alternative of significant importance will be provided, because it is then possible to lower the ozone decomposing effect of the blowing agent to far below the more rigorous limit which is now supposed to be in force through the many years to come, and apparently this has been obtained for the first time just by the present invention in con¬ nection with the considered preferred type of technique.
The other of the said two substances, the 1.1.2. trichloroethylene, has a boiling point of 87°C, and the substance is usable with very good results in admixture with FC-134A, but also in admixture with R-22, i.e. as a substitute for 1.1.1. trichloroethane. However, the more attractive mixture will be the one with FC-134A, because of its extremely low ozone decomposing effect.
In fact, already in WO89/00594 the trichloro¬ ethylene has been suggested as a possible alternative to 1.1.1. trichloroethane, but it has now been demonstrated that this substance is not only a hypothetical alterna¬ tive, as it has been verified that 1.1.2. trichloro¬ ethylene is practically usable with good results.
It should be mentioned, however, that 1.1.2. tri¬ chloroethylene is a substance which in the working phase may re protection, but no more than already known by the handling of many other substances. Soon after the foam- ing the products will be entirely non-dangerous.
By experiments it has been found that the said two 'new' substances can be used in practically exactly the same way as R-22 and 1.1.1. trichloroethane, respective¬ ly, according to WO89/00594, without marked modifica¬ tions of the formulation examples given therein, this per se being a positive surprise. It should only be mentiioned that with the use of the two new substances it has been found preferable to make use of the additive pentane entirely or partly in stead of butane, to the extent it is desirable to add components from that group of substances.
On this background it is here considered unneces¬ sary to specify more detailed examples relating to the realization of the invention, because all the examples and the more detailed explanation given in WO89/00594 are fully applicable also to the present invention, including for the combined use of the respective com¬ ponents in arbitrary mutual mixing proportions.
It should be mentioned that there are already known other blowing agent mixtures consisting of components of mutually different boiling points, but it is an impor¬ tant characteristic for the present invention as well as for the invention according to W089/00594 that the mix¬ tures here concerned are effective and are handable and operative by atmospheric pressure and ambient working temperature.

Claims

C L I M S :
1. A method of foaming a plastic compound for pro¬ ducing plastic foam, in particular polyurethane foam, whereby a liquid base mixture is brought to expand by boiling of an admixed blowing agent, which, itself, is a mixture of substances having boiling points substantial¬ ly above and substantially below normal working tempera¬ ture, respectively, characterized in that as the blowing agent a mixture of 1.1.1.2. tetrafluoroethane and 1.1.2. trichloroethylene is used, the former optionally in combination with R-22 and the latter optionally in com¬ bination with or substituted by 1.1.1. trichloroethane.
2. A compound including a blowing agent for con¬ verting the compound into a foam product by a boiling of the blowing agent, characterized by the blowing agent at least to a substantial degree being constituted by the agent specified in claim 1.
3. A blowing agent for use with the method accord¬ ing to claim 1, characterized in that it is at least mainly constituted by the mixture specified in the char¬ acterizing clause of claim 1, preferably at a ratio such that the mixture is stable by atmospheric pressure and normal working temperature.
PCT/DK1990/000328 1989-12-14 1990-12-14 A method of foaming plastic materials and a blowing agent for use therewith WO1991009077A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK6352/89 1989-12-14
DK635289A DK635289D0 (en) 1989-12-14 1989-12-14 PROCEDURE FOR FOAMING PLASTIC MATERIALS AND FUEL FOR USE THEREOF

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991009077A1 true WO1991009077A1 (en) 1991-06-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1990/000328 WO1991009077A1 (en) 1989-12-14 1990-12-14 A method of foaming plastic materials and a blowing agent for use therewith

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0543813A1 (en)
AU (1) AU6960491A (en)
DK (1) DK635289D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1991009077A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2273936A (en) * 1992-12-31 1994-07-06 Basf Corp 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles
US5506275A (en) * 1995-05-15 1996-04-09 Basf Corporation 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles
WO1999035209A1 (en) * 1998-01-12 1999-07-15 Alliedsignal Inc. Compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and chlorinated ethylenes

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989000594A1 (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-26 Oestergaard Hans Joergen A method, a compound, and a blowing agent for making plastic foam
EP0330988A2 (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-09-06 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Closed-cell polyurethane foam compositions
EP0400443A2 (en) * 1989-05-22 1990-12-05 THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY (a Delaware corporation) Polyurethane foams manufactured with mixed gas/liquid blowing agents

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989000594A1 (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-26 Oestergaard Hans Joergen A method, a compound, and a blowing agent for making plastic foam
EP0330988A2 (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-09-06 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Closed-cell polyurethane foam compositions
EP0400443A2 (en) * 1989-05-22 1990-12-05 THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY (a Delaware corporation) Polyurethane foams manufactured with mixed gas/liquid blowing agents

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2273936A (en) * 1992-12-31 1994-07-06 Basf Corp 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles
US5464879A (en) * 1992-12-31 1995-11-07 Basf Corporation 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles
US5661190A (en) * 1992-12-31 1997-08-26 Basf Corporation 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles
US5506275A (en) * 1995-05-15 1996-04-09 Basf Corporation 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles
WO1999035209A1 (en) * 1998-01-12 1999-07-15 Alliedsignal Inc. Compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and chlorinated ethylenes
US6100229A (en) * 1998-01-12 2000-08-08 Alliedsignal Inc. Compositions of 1,1,1,3,3,-pentafluoropropane and chlorinated ethylenes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0543813A1 (en) 1993-06-02
AU6960491A (en) 1991-07-18
DK635289D0 (en) 1989-12-14

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