WO1991006832A1 - Systeme de mesure du debit d'un gaz - Google Patents

Systeme de mesure du debit d'un gaz Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1991006832A1
WO1991006832A1 PCT/NO1990/000161 NO9000161W WO9106832A1 WO 1991006832 A1 WO1991006832 A1 WO 1991006832A1 NO 9000161 W NO9000161 W NO 9000161W WO 9106832 A1 WO9106832 A1 WO 9106832A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
gas mixture
processor
conduit
oxygen
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1990/000161
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Finn Saethre
Original Assignee
A.S. Clausen, Kaldager & Co.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by A.S. Clausen, Kaldager & Co. filed Critical A.S. Clausen, Kaldager & Co.
Publication of WO1991006832A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991006832A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/74—Devices for measuring flow of a fluid or flow of a fluent solid material in suspension in another fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/32—Decompression arrangements; Exercise equipment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/02—Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature
    • G01F15/04—Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature of gases to be measured
    • G01F15/043—Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature of gases to be measured using electrical means
    • G01F15/046—Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature of gases to be measured using electrical means involving digital counting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
    • A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
    • A61M2016/0039—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the inspiratory circuit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
    • A61M2016/102—Measuring a parameter of the content of the delivered gas

Definitions

  • a ⁇ as flow measuring system comprising a gas flow conduit for carrying a gas mixture of known constituents in unknown proportions, a gas analyser coupled to the conduit and generating analogue signals representative of the unknown proportions of the gas mixture, a mass flow meter coupled to the conduit and generating an analogue signal representative of the mass flow rate of the gas mixture, and a means for processing said signals to produce at least a signal representa- tive of the volumetric flow rate of the gas mixture.
  • volumetric gas flow rates there are circumstances where it is desirable or essential to know instantaneous, short and long term volumetric gas flow rates, and preferably also the total volume of gas transferred in the longer term or in a certain period of time.
  • the monitoring of breathing gas mixture consumption rates in life support systems can give indications of metabolic rates and system leaks, while a measurement of total volumetric gas flow can be employed for determining overall efficiency and total cost of consumed gas.
  • the helium consumption is minimized by supplying the diver through a closed loop breathing system in which the exhaled gases are passed through a purifica ⁇ tion system which removes carbon dioxide (and also most of the other undesirable gases and vapours, such as nitrogen and argon), and replaces oxygen depleted by breathing, while leaving the helium content theoretically intact.
  • a closed loop breathing system in which the exhaled gases are passed through a purifica ⁇ tion system which removes carbon dioxide (and also most of the other undesirable gases and vapours, such as nitrogen and argon), and replaces oxygen depleted by breathing, while leaving the helium content theoretically intact.
  • the reten ⁇ tion of helium is almost inevitably less than desired. Loss of helium also occurs through leakage, which will be exacerbated by the hyperbaric operating pressures. With high recovery rates in s modern purification systems, the only significant (by molecular weight) remaining cotaminant will normally be nitrogen.
  • the correct proportion of oxygen in the breathing gas mixture is not fixed, but is a function of the operational depth. Further complications in maintenance of o the correct proportions of individual gases arise from the injection of make-up gases usually in the form of oxygen or a mixture of helium and oxygen, to compensate for leaks and for any necessary increase in system pressure.
  • the known system mentioned in the introduction has been found to have some weaknesses and deficiencies with respect to effective monitoring and operation of closed loop breathing 5 systems for diving operations.
  • the known system is only suitable for use in connection with a binary gas mixture, i.e. a mixture of only two gases, for instance oxygen and helium. Consequently, it is inaccurate for dive applications, since it only measures the proportion of one gas and derives the propor- tion of the balance, the balance being supposed to consist of a single gas (e.g. helium).
  • a binary gas mixture i.e. a mixture of only two gases, for instance oxygen and helium. Consequently, it is inaccurate for dive applications, since it only measures the proportion of one gas and derives the propor- tion of the balance, the balance being supposed to consist of a single gas (e.g. helium).
  • there may be up to 2% nitrogen in the dive gas even after it has been through the recovery system. As the density of nitrogen is many times s that of helium the resulting inaccuracies are significant
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a system which is capable of determining actual flow rate.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a system which is suitable for monitoring of a ternary gas mixture, e.g. a mixture consisting of helium, oxygen and nitrogen.
  • a ternary gas mixture e.g. a mixture consisting of helium, oxygen and nitrogen.
  • a system of the type stated in the introduction which, according to the inven ⁇ tion, is characterized in that it includes a converter for conversion of said analogue signals to digital signals, a digital processor for processing the digital signals from the converter, to produce output data representative of, i.a., said volumetric flow rate, a display means for graphically and numerically displaying output data from the processor in real time, and a storage means for long term storage of output data from the computer in a format which can be processed at a later time.
  • the gas analyser typically comprises an electrochemical gas analyser as described in either of the US patent specifica ⁇ tions 3429796 and 3767552, and a thermal conductivity sensor (which detects gas by comparing the thermal conductivity of the gas mixture with that of a pure background gas).
  • a thermal conductivity sensor which detects gas by comparing the thermal conductivity of the gas mixture with that of a pure background gas.
  • the base densities of pure helium, of pure oxygen, and of pure nitrogen are each known (at standardized pressure and temperature)
  • measurement of the oxygen content and the helium content, and the derivation of the nitrogen content of a mixture of said gases can be directly converted to a base density reading.
  • a gas analyser is preferably calibrated against a gas mixture of known proportions.
  • the component sensors may be individually calibra ⁇ ted against samples of the relevant pure gas.
  • the mas flow meter preferably is a Coriolis force mass flow meter as described in GB patent specification 2 001 759, which is capable of directly measuring mass flow rate thorugh a conduit to produce a representative electrical output signal.
  • Another Coriolis-type mass flow meter is described in US patent specification 4 691 578, and also this mass flow meter produces an electrical output signal which is representative of the mass flow rate of a gas flowing through a conduit.
  • the processor of the system according to the invention generally operates by dividing the mass flow rate measurement with the base density measurement to produce the desired standard volumetric flow rate measurement. For measurement of actual flow rate there is used a unique formula to be described later, and an independent separate calculation is done.
  • Measurement of actual gas pressure and actual tempera ⁇ ture can be performed by any suitable devices or equipment which may be an integral part of the gas analyser or separate there ⁇ from.
  • a procedure for obtaining the volumetric flow rate at standardized conditions is to make the base density measurement under these standardized conditions.
  • gas samples can be obtained by bleeding a small but representa ⁇ tive flow of gas mixture from the gas conduit through a pressure regulator or other pressure reducing device, and presenting the sampled gas to the gas analyser substantially at the standardized pressure, and at a temperature which does not differ from the standardized temperature by an amount which will produce significant errors in the resultant analytical measurements.
  • Measurement of volumetric flow can be converted to a measurement of total volume flow in a given period of time by integration of the instantaneous volumetric flow rate measure ⁇ ments throughout that period of time. Integration of the appropriate electrical signals can be carried out by any suitable electronic circuit, either analogue or digital. Indication of s total volumetric flow may be given both for actual volume, and for volume at the standardized pressure and temperature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an example of a gas flow measuring system for monitoring a gas mixture of helium, oxygen and nitrogen;
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a first flow measuring apparatus used in the system in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic electrical circuit of the system in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 shows a typical screen of a display device in the system shown in Fig. 1;
  • Figs. 5A-5D show data on screens appearing on the 20 display device when depressing four of the functional keys shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 1 is a highly schematic diagram showing functional blocks interconnected by gas conduits and electrical connections.
  • 25 mixture for a diver is mounted on a ship or oil rig (not shown) and is coupled through a supply hose 12 and a return hose 14 to the helmet 16 of a diver 18.
  • the breathing gas mixture is helium and oxygen, with between 2 and 21 volume percent of oxygen according to requirements.
  • the system 10 so is a closed loop breathing system in which the breathing gases are returned from the helmet 16 via the return hose 14 to a regenerator 20.
  • carbon dioxide and other contaminants are removed from the exhaled gas by any suitable method, and either vented through a waste gas exhaust
  • the regenerator 20 preferably also regulates the humidity of the regenerated breathing gas mixture at its output conduit 28.
  • the temperature may additio ⁇ nally be regulated, though the required temperature for breathing is maintained locally at the diver by his heating system.
  • the regenerated gas mixture Before 5 the output of the regenerator 20 is fed back into the diver's closed loop breathing system, the regenerated gas mixture has its volumetric flow rate measured in a first gas flow measuring apparatus 30 shown in detail in Fig. 2, and which has a gas flow conduit 32 coupled to the closed loop breathing system.
  • a gas ⁇ o analyser 34 is coupled to the gas flow conduit 32, to measure the oxygen and helium content of the breathing gas mixture in the closed loop breathing system, and to produce representative electrical output signals on an output signal lead 36.
  • the gas flow conduit 32 in the first measuring appara- i5 tus 30 is next coupled to a mass flow meter 38 which is prefe ⁇ rably of the above-mentioned type according to GB patent 2 001 759, and which may be constituted by the commercially available "Micromotion"-range of mass flow meters and transmitters.
  • the mas flow meter 38 produces a mass-flow-representa-
  • the continuation of the gas flow conduit 32 beyond the mass flow meter 38 conveys the gas mixture out of the first measuring apparatus 30 and into the closed loop breathing system.
  • the breathing system described above is nominally a closed loop system, there will in practice be a need to add gases to the system, either intermittently or continuous ⁇ ly. This need arises from a number of causes, including leaks, deliberate venting or blowdown, and general increases in system so pressure (for example due to descent of the diver 18).
  • the make ⁇ up gases are supplied as required from a pressurized gas source 42 containing a helium/oxygen mixture of known proportions.
  • Make-up gas supply from the gas source 42 is regulated by a control valve 44. For example if the diver 18 is operating at
  • the pressure required at the inlet end of the supply hose 12 is about 28 bar, and the pressure of make-up gases in the gas flow conduit 38 will be maintained at the same pressure of 28 bar to match the pressure of the regenerated breathing gas mixture in the gas flow conduit 32.
  • the volumetric flow rate of the make-up gases from the gas source 42 is measured by passing the make-up gases through a second gas flow measuring apparatus 46.
  • This apparatus may be s essentially similar to the gas flow measuring apparatus 30 as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the supply of make-up gases released through the control valve 44 enters a gas flow conduit 48 passing completely through the flow measuring apparatus 46.
  • the gas flow conduit o 48 first carries the make-up gases through a Coriolis-type mass flow meter 50 which is similar or identical to the mass flow meter 38. In operation, the mass flow meter 50 produces a mass- flow-representative electrical output signal on an output signal lead 52.
  • the gas flow conduit 48 conveys the make-up gases from s the mass flow meter to a gas analyser 54 which measures the oxygen content of the make-up gases to produce a representative electrical output signal on an output signal lead 56.
  • the make ⁇ up gases then leave the second flow measuring apparatus 46 and enter the closed loop breathing system at a point immediately o downstream of the first flow measuring apparatus 30 (which is delivering the regenerated breathing gas mixture to the inlet or surface end of the supply hose 12).
  • the output signal leads 36, 40, 52 and 56 are each connected to a digital processor 58 which may be a personal computer (PC).
  • a digital processor 58 which may be a personal computer (PC).
  • the supply system 10 will have been calibrated by supplying pure nitrogen (or a helium/oxygen/nitrogen mixture of known proportions) at a suitable known pressure and temperature to the gas analysers 34 and 54, to cause calibration measurements to be produced and fed to the processor 58 along the leads 36 and 56.
  • the processor 58 is thereby enabled during operational use to convert the analogue oxygen and helium content measurement signals on the leads 36 and
  • the apparatus comprises a Coriolis-type mass flow meter 38 (type D 012) connected to an electronic transmitter 62 of the type RFT 9712.
  • the transmitter supplies the mass-flow-representative signal to the processor 58 (Fig. 1) on the lead 40, and it also supplies a signal representative of the temperature of the gas mixture in the conduit 32 to the processor via a lead T.
  • a pressure sensor 64 and a transmitter 66 are coupled to the conduit 32, to supply a gas-pressure-representative signal to the processor via a lead P.
  • the gas analyser 34 comprises a oxygen analyser 68, e.g. of the type according to the above-mentioned US patents, and a helium thermal conductivity sensor 70.
  • the oxygen analyser 68 is supplied with a suitable voltage through a regulated power supply 72 and a printed circuit board 72, whereas the helium sensor 70 is supplied with a suitable voltage via a printed circuit board 76.
  • the circuit boards convert the voltage output signals from the analysers 68 and 70 to suitable current signals for transfer to the processor 58 via the leads 36.
  • the oxygen and helium analysers 68, 70 obtain an oxygen and helium content at approximately atmospheric pressure. This is accomplished by a pressure regulator 78 which first reduces the pressure of the gas from the conduit 32.
  • a pressure regulator 78 which first reduces the pressure of the gas from the conduit 32.
  • An example of a suitable commercially available regulator is a "Tescom" regula ⁇ tor.
  • the pressure-regulated gas flow from the regulator 78 is delivered along a conduit to a needle valve 80.
  • the needle valve 80 is utilized to set the pressure regulator 78 to deliver an output pressure just above the ambient atmospheric pressure around the supply system 10.
  • the gas passing through the needle valve 80 is delivered along an output conduit 82 to the oxygen analyser 68 and the helium analyser 70. Gases which have passed through the analysers 68, 70 are exhausted as waste gas to ambient through a vent 84.
  • An additional conduit 86 is coupled to the conduit 82 in front of the oxygen analyser 68 and goes via a safety valve 88 to a vent 90.
  • the flow measuring apparatus 46 this is, as mentioned, similar to the flow measuring apparatus 30 and may be identical thereto, except that a helium analyser may be omitted as the make-up gas comprises only helium and oxygen, with no contaminants of significance, such as nitrogen present.
  • FIG. 1 The electrical circuit diagram for the system 10 in Fig. 1 is schematically shown in Fig. 3 wherein parts correspon ⁇ ding to parts in Figs. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the system is connected to mains voltage L,N,E through line volatage connectors 92, 94.
  • the line voltage is supplied to the transmitter 62, the printed circuit board 76 and the power supply 72 for the units in the measuring apparatus 30 for the closed loop system.
  • the line voltage is supplied to the units in the measuring apparatus 46 for the make-up gases, more specifically to a transmitter 96 (type RFT 9712) for the mass flow meter 50, and to a power supply 98 for the gas analyser 54 consisting of an oxygen sensor 100 and a printed circuit board 102 for vol ⁇ tage/current conversion.
  • the line voltage is also supplied to an alarm unit 104. in Fig.
  • the system processor 58 is shown to comprise the processor proper wich is constituted by a personal computer (PC) 106 and has an associated data storage means 107, and also the analogue/digital converter 108 of the system for converting the aforementioned analogue signals arriving through a cur- rent/voltage converter unit 110.
  • PC personal computer
  • a main screen of the system's display device 60 (Fig. 1) is shown in Fig. 4 and shows typical information displayed on the screen.
  • the screen is divided into four upper fields showing "date”, “real time”, “elapsed time” and “diving bell depth” for the dive operation in question, and thereunder a number of fields which numerically as well as graphically show “gas flow to diver”, “make-up gas flow” and “average efficiency”, and in addition numerical values of "standardized gas flow” (m 3 /min. ) and “total gas flow” (m 3 ) both for the flow to the diver and the make-up gas flow, together with values of "actual flow” and "average efficiency”.
  • a number of functional keys more specifically seven keys (F1-F7) designated by the reference numerals 111-117.
  • the first six keys have the designations "Accept”, “Alarm status”, “Event file”, “Edit alarm”, “Dive data” and “Review disk”, whereas the seventh s key 117 is unoccupied (without designation).
  • the seventh s key 117 is unoccupied (without designation).
  • Examples of the "content" of the keys F3-F6 are shown in Figs. 5A-5D.
  • the data produced by the processor and displayed on the display device will also be permanently stored in a suitable s storage means, advantageously on diskettes, with a view to subsequent processing and utilization, possibly in connection with later operations. In this manner an efficient facility is obtained, both for control and for efficient operational management.
  • %N 2 100% - %0 2 - %He, the percentages by volume of oxygen and helium being obtained 5 from the analysers 68 and 70.
  • the processor 58 also receives direct mass flow rate ⁇ o measurements via the leads 40 and 52 from the mass flow meters 38 and 50, respectively. By dividing the direct mass flow rate readings by the calculated base densities the processor 58 can calculate the respective standard volumetric flow rates in the gas flow conduits 38 and 40, and thus the flow rate of the mixed s gas entering the supply hose 12. As mentioned above, these standard volumetric flow rates can be individually or collec ⁇ tively indicated on the display device 60 adjacent to the processor 58, but they can also be indicated at a separate dive control station (not shown) . From the measurements the processor 20 58 can also calculate the efficiency of the regenerator 20 and display this on the display device 60 to show the trend over a time.
  • the pressure and temperature measurements mentioned in connection with Fig. 2 may be taken by suitable transducers 5 either incorporated in the gas analysers 34 and 54 or otherwise respectively coupled to the gas flow conduits 32 and 48, to feed respective measurements to the processor 58 (via the leads P and T) .
  • Such pressure and temperature measurements enables the processor 58 to perform an independent calculation of the actual o volumetric flow rate by using the unique formula stated below:
  • T c Line temperature in °C M
  • Vc Calculated molecular weight of gas mixture
  • standard 5 volumetric flow rates can be displayed in addition to or as an alternative to displaying the actual volumetric flow rates.
  • the processor 58 preferably performs a time integration of the volumetric flow rate measurements (whether actual, standardized, or both) to give total volumetric flow over the o period of integration, respectively expressed as actual volume, standardized volume, or both.
  • the processor 58 preferably correlates the various measurements of volumetric flow rates and volumetric flows to give indications of the performances of the various parts of the s system 10 and the diver 18, and in addition indications of possible or actual leaks from any part of the system 10, the hoses 12 and 14, and the diver's helmet 16.
  • the performance of the diver can be monitored by measurements of his breathing gas consumption, which is closely related to his rate of physical o exertion, while a high or low breathing gas consumption may indicate a medical emergency.
  • An abnormally high flow of make ⁇ up gases from the source 42 usually indicates an unacceptably serious leak (providing the system has not indicated a "Cross connection" or "Blowdown"/"Bell pressurization" - see Fig. 4). 5
  • the invention therefore provides a device which will measure flow rates of gases in volumetric terms, express the readings in standard or actual form, e.g. standard m 3 per minute, and show the total flow, e.g. standard m 3 , wherein "standard” is the volume that the gas would occupy under standard conditions of temperature and pressure (0°C and 1.013 bar).
  • T c Line temperature in °C Z Compressibility factor
  • the universal gas constant R may be written as follows:
  • the line density is calculated using the Gas Law formula

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un système de mesure du débit d'un gaz, qui comprend une conduite de gaz servant à transporter un mélange gazeux ayant des composants connus dans des proportions inconnues, un analyseur de gaz (34) couplé à la conduite et produisant des signaux analogiques représentant les proportions inconnues du mélange gazeux, ainsi qu'un débitmètre massique (38) couplé à la conduite et produisant un signal analogique représentant le débit massique du mélange gazeux. Le système comprend en outre un convertisseur (108) servant à convertir ces signaux analogiques en signaux numériques, un processeur numérique servant à traiter les signaux numériques provenant du convertisseur, en vue de produire des données de sortie utilisables telles que le débit volumétrique du mélange gazeux, un organe d'affichage (60) servant à afficher sous forme graphique et numérique les données de sortie provenant du processeur (58) en temps réel, ainsi qu'un organe de stockage servant au stockage à long terme des données de sortie provenant du processeur dans un format qui peut être traité ultérieurement.
PCT/NO1990/000161 1989-10-31 1990-10-30 Systeme de mesure du debit d'un gaz WO1991006832A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898924469A GB8924469D0 (en) 1989-10-31 1989-10-31 A gas flow monitoring system
GB8924469.3 1989-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991006832A1 true WO1991006832A1 (fr) 1991-05-16

Family

ID=10665448

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1990/000161 WO1991006832A1 (fr) 1989-10-31 1990-10-30 Systeme de mesure du debit d'un gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6605990A (fr)
GB (1) GB8924469D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991006832A1 (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5335654A (en) * 1992-05-07 1994-08-09 New York University Method and apparatus for continuous adjustment of positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea
US5549106A (en) * 1989-05-19 1996-08-27 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Inspiratory airway pressure system using constant pressure and measuring flow signals to determine airway patency
US5645053A (en) * 1991-11-14 1997-07-08 University Technologies International, Inc. Auto CPAP system and method for preventing patient disturbance using airflow profile information
US5803066A (en) * 1992-05-07 1998-09-08 New York University Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea
US6299581B1 (en) 1992-05-07 2001-10-09 New York University Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea
WO2002060336A1 (fr) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-08 Roy Chad J Systeme d'exposition automatise de toxicologie de l'inhalation
US7377276B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2008-05-27 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Automated inhalation toxicology exposure system and method
US7849854B2 (en) * 1994-10-14 2010-12-14 Bird Products Corporation Portable drag compressor powered mechanical ventilator
US8221329B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2012-07-17 The United State Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Inhalation system and method
US9649458B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2017-05-16 Covidien Lp Breathing assistance system with multiple pressure sensors
EP3571443B1 (fr) 2018-10-05 2020-12-02 Sensirion AG Dispositif de régulation d'un taux de mélange d'un mélange gazeux
CN112190804A (zh) * 2020-11-03 2021-01-08 深圳哈维生物医疗科技有限公司 一种呼吸机
CN113134146A (zh) * 2021-05-27 2021-07-20 哈尔滨医科大学 一种麻醉回路气体监测装置
CN113325070A (zh) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-31 深圳易如潜水装备有限公司 一种潜水使用的混合气体成分比例的分析装置及方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4353118A (en) * 1979-08-03 1982-10-05 Hany & Cie AG Apparatus for determining the throughflow in pipe conduits
US4519257A (en) * 1983-07-26 1985-05-28 Simpkins Otto K Electronic flow meter for measuring flow of bulk solids pneumatically conveyed through a hose
EP0274868A1 (fr) * 1986-12-13 1988-07-20 A.s. Clausen, Kaldager & Co. Appareil de mesure
EP0278671A1 (fr) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-17 Anadrill International SA Procédé et dispositif pour la mesure d'écoulement d'un fluide dans une conduite de retour d'une installation de forage
US4783750A (en) * 1986-05-16 1988-11-08 The Governors Of The University Of Alberta Determination of oxygen uptake rate in wastewater treatment plants
FR2615163A1 (fr) * 1987-05-15 1988-11-18 Henri Bovy Dispositif de controle de plongee, notamment pour plongeur autonome
EP0324259A2 (fr) * 1988-01-11 1989-07-19 William D Budinger Méthode pour la détermination et l'affichage d'informations critiques d'un apport de gaz

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4353118A (en) * 1979-08-03 1982-10-05 Hany & Cie AG Apparatus for determining the throughflow in pipe conduits
US4519257A (en) * 1983-07-26 1985-05-28 Simpkins Otto K Electronic flow meter for measuring flow of bulk solids pneumatically conveyed through a hose
US4783750A (en) * 1986-05-16 1988-11-08 The Governors Of The University Of Alberta Determination of oxygen uptake rate in wastewater treatment plants
EP0274868A1 (fr) * 1986-12-13 1988-07-20 A.s. Clausen, Kaldager & Co. Appareil de mesure
EP0278671A1 (fr) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-17 Anadrill International SA Procédé et dispositif pour la mesure d'écoulement d'un fluide dans une conduite de retour d'une installation de forage
FR2615163A1 (fr) * 1987-05-15 1988-11-18 Henri Bovy Dispositif de controle de plongee, notamment pour plongeur autonome
EP0324259A2 (fr) * 1988-01-11 1989-07-19 William D Budinger Méthode pour la détermination et l'affichage d'informations critiques d'un apport de gaz

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5549106A (en) * 1989-05-19 1996-08-27 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Inspiratory airway pressure system using constant pressure and measuring flow signals to determine airway patency
US6550478B2 (en) 1991-11-14 2003-04-22 University Technologies International, Inc. Auto CPAP system profile information
US5645053A (en) * 1991-11-14 1997-07-08 University Technologies International, Inc. Auto CPAP system and method for preventing patient disturbance using airflow profile information
US6920877B2 (en) 1991-11-14 2005-07-26 University Technologies International, Inc. Auto CPAP system profile information
US6299581B1 (en) 1992-05-07 2001-10-09 New York University Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea
US7901361B2 (en) 1992-05-07 2011-03-08 New York University Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea
US5335654A (en) * 1992-05-07 1994-08-09 New York University Method and apparatus for continuous adjustment of positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea
US5803066A (en) * 1992-05-07 1998-09-08 New York University Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea
US7849854B2 (en) * 1994-10-14 2010-12-14 Bird Products Corporation Portable drag compressor powered mechanical ventilator
US6904912B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2005-06-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Automated inhalation toxicology exposure system
US7377276B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2008-05-27 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Automated inhalation toxicology exposure system and method
WO2002060336A1 (fr) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-08 Roy Chad J Systeme d'exposition automatise de toxicologie de l'inhalation
US8221329B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2012-07-17 The United State Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Inhalation system and method
US9649458B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2017-05-16 Covidien Lp Breathing assistance system with multiple pressure sensors
EP3571443B1 (fr) 2018-10-05 2020-12-02 Sensirion AG Dispositif de régulation d'un taux de mélange d'un mélange gazeux
CN112190804A (zh) * 2020-11-03 2021-01-08 深圳哈维生物医疗科技有限公司 一种呼吸机
CN113325070A (zh) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-31 深圳易如潜水装备有限公司 一种潜水使用的混合气体成分比例的分析装置及方法
CN113134146A (zh) * 2021-05-27 2021-07-20 哈尔滨医科大学 一种麻醉回路气体监测装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6605990A (en) 1991-05-31
GB8924469D0 (en) 1989-12-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO1991006832A1 (fr) Systeme de mesure du debit d'un gaz
US4526028A (en) Process and device for indicating and evaluating environmental parameters
US11397172B2 (en) Determining the partial pressure of a gas, calibrating a pressure sensor
US4876903A (en) Method and apparatus for determination and display of critical gas supply information
US6258039B1 (en) Respiratory gas consumption monitoring device and monitoring method
US6543444B1 (en) System and method for air time remaining calculations in a self-contained breathing apparatus
US4796467A (en) Testing device for respiratory protective devices
TW363888B (en) Respiratory calorimeter
EP3137892B1 (fr) Détermination de la pression partielle d'un gaz dans une cuve sous pression
EP0274246B1 (fr) Appareil de mesure
US5159839A (en) Apparatus for gauging high pressure gas, in particular the supply of oxygen gas on board an aircraft
US5016483A (en) Method and apparatus for determination and display of critical gas supply information
US4970897A (en) Method and apparatus for determination and display of gas consumption time
CN111473921B (zh) 一种六氟化硫泄露报警装置的检测系统
JP2012021837A (ja) 液化天然ガスの熱量算出システム
DE59909653D1 (de) Vorrichtung zur bestimmung des kohlendioxidgehaltes in ausgeatmeter atemluft
KR20000068638A (ko) 항공기 산소 공급 시스템의 시험 방법
US4926703A (en) Method and apparatus for determination and display of critical gas supply information
US3403612A (en) Method of and apparatus for atmosphere replenishment and control
NO174073B (no) Maaleapparat for gasstroemming
GB9918945D0 (en) Hydrogen peroxide monitoring
Bateman et al. Studies of lung volumes and intrapulmonary mixing: notes on open-circuit methods, including use of a new pivoted type gasometer for lung clearance studies
GB2162636A (en) Method of and apparatus for determining the concentration of two mutually reactable components of a gas mixture
Nuckols Oxygen levels in closed circuit UBAs during descent
JPH04301736A (ja) 水分測定システム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT AU BR CA DE DK ES FI GB HU JP KP KR MC NL NO SE SU US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BF BJ CF CG CH CM DE DK ES FR GA GB GR IT LU ML MR NL SE SN TD TG

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA