Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
  • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
  • E21B7/201—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes with helical conveying means
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
  • E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
  • E21B19/086—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods with a fluid-actuated cylinder

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and apparatus for drilling tunnel, wherein there are two independent forces; the one driving the protecting tube and the other driving the drilling apparatus by means of a rotating spiral tube.
• Previously known drilling apparatus is a,o. the one in the applicant's former patent application No. FI-891706, by means of which the protecting tube is forced into the excavated tunnel portion as the tunnel advances. Also the force for the tool in the drilling head is transmitted over the protecting tube.
• the conveying drum rests against the inner surface of the protecting tube and moves foward along with the protecting tube.
• the tool driving force which is smaller than the force driving the protecting tube, is separated as an independent easily adjustable force.
• the force has been separated by means of a hydraulic cylinder, which can yield because of pressure adjustment while functioning also as thrust bearing and therefore move freely in the longitude, the hit of tool in an obstacle can be detected immediately as rise of pressure in the hydraulic system.
• Fig. 1 is a driving and rotating unit in the working pit where the hydraulic cylinder functions as thrust bearing.
• Fig. 2 is an optional driving and rotating unit placed in the working pit where the hydraulic cylinder functions as thrust bearing.
• the solution in fig. 1 provides a hydraulic cylinder which functions as a thrust bearing (23) comprised of a piston (24) and a piston rod (26).
• the piston rod is a pipe through which the hydraulic pressure hoses (30,29) can be taken to the piston and conduct the pressure fluid to the chamber space on both sides of the piston.
• the cylinder is closed with a threaded ring flange (35).
• the cylinder itself is a rotating drumlike part. The rotation is transmitted from the fluid motor (16) by means of a gear (25) which is attached to the cylinder with a broad gear (31).
• the pressure fluid enters the fluid motor (16) along the hoses (20).
• the cylinder (23) is encircled with an immobile annular part (22), inside of which the cylinder can rotate and also slide lengthwise.
• Part (22) is fixed to the actual frame (27) that conduits the driving force.
• the connecting surface between cylinder (23) and part (22) is a bearing area which also comprises an annular chamber space (32) into which compressed air is conducted through the air channels in the cylinder frame (23) over a hose (7) and further to rotating tubes (3).
• Tube (3) is fixed to the flange (21) by screwing. This flange transmits the rotation from cylinder (23) to the conveying tube (3).
• the bellow rubber (34) fixed to part (22) prevents the cylinder sliding surface from getting dirty.
• the oil in the compressed air lubricates the sliuing surface and leakeage of compressed air is prevented with a retaining ring (33).
• the driving force to the tool from the conveying tube (3) which has a system of spiral ribs, is in this case transmitted over a hydraulic cylinder (24), which functions as thrust bearing, and can therefore be detected as hydraulic pressure in the hoses (29,30).
• Drilling waste (11) is removed through the openings in the frame (27) and between the frame beams (17) undef the drilling unit.
• the force driving the protecting tube (1) into the tunnel is transmitted from the power unit (19,28) direct ov- ⁇ the rear frame (27) and its end flanges (18,4) to the protecting tube (1).
• the cylinder part (50) in the thrust bearing is fixed to the frame (15) with a flange (47) and screws (43). Therefore the cylinder does not rotate but the piston (48) and the piston rod (40) are rotating.
• the fluid motor (46) comprises a grooved shaft (45) which can move longitudinally in chamber (41) formed inside the piston rod (40). Correspongdingly , the chamber is also grooved to allow rotation.
• a not-rotating part (37) that comprises an annular chamber groove around the piston rod.
• Compressed air conducted to this chamber enters the piston rod through a pick-up hole at the chamber and then the conveying drum (3) from where it reaches the tool in the drill head. Lateral movement of part (37) on the piston rod is prevented by a ring spring (38) in the piston rod groove.
• the cylinder is closed with a flange (51) attached to the cylinder by screwing and joined to the piston rod with a packing (42) allowing its rotation and sliding.
• the lines (39,44) are hydraulic hoses and the other cylinder, end is sealed with a retaining ring (49).
• the rotating motion of the fluid motor can also easily be transmitted as a rotating motion for the piston rod (40) by connecting the motor shaft e.g. by means of a flange joint to a corresponding flange in the piston rod.
• the fluid motor must then be secured with respect to the frame (15) so that it can slide but not rotate. This can be done with conductors arranging them parallel to the frame and using them also as support for the motor.
• the frame construction of the driving unit can be drumlike but, advantageously, also a beam construction.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8529062

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (8)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 1989
  • 1989-09-27 FI FI894560A patent/FI88746C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1990
  • 1990-09-27 CA CA002066238A patent/CA2066238A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-09-27 DE DE19904091753 patent/DE4091753T/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1990-09-27 AU AU64025/90A patent/AU6402590A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-09-27 US US07/838,791 patent/US5316092A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-09-27 WO PCT/FI1990/000231 patent/WO1991005137A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (1)

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