WO1990013158A1 - Oscillateur laser a reseau asservi en phase, compose d'un faisceau de fibres optiques a laser, serrees et a pompage par diodes sur la face terminale - Google Patents

Oscillateur laser a reseau asservi en phase, compose d'un faisceau de fibres optiques a laser, serrees et a pompage par diodes sur la face terminale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990013158A1
WO1990013158A1 PCT/AU1990/000151 AU9000151W WO9013158A1 WO 1990013158 A1 WO1990013158 A1 WO 1990013158A1 AU 9000151 W AU9000151 W AU 9000151W WO 9013158 A1 WO9013158 A1 WO 9013158A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
laser
fibers
output
diode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1990/000151
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Leonard Hughes
Original Assignee
Phased Array Lasers Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phased Array Lasers Pty Ltd filed Critical Phased Array Lasers Pty Ltd
Publication of WO1990013158A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990013158A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/23—Arrangements of two or more lasers not provided for in groups H01S3/02 - H01S3/22, e.g. tandem arrangements of separate active media
    • H01S3/2383—Parallel arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
    • H01S3/09415—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode the pumping beam being parallel to the lasing mode of the pumped medium, e.g. end-pumping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094049—Guiding of the pump light
    • H01S3/094053—Fibre coupled pump, e.g. delivering pump light using a fibre or a fibre bundle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/4012—Beam combining, e.g. by the use of fibres, gratings, polarisers, prisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/4025—Array arrangements, e.g. constituted by discrete laser diodes or laser bar
    • H01S5/4031—Edge-emitting structures
    • H01S5/4062—Edge-emitting structures with an external cavity or using internal filters, e.g. Talbot filters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a scaieable, phase-locked, fiber laser array laser oscillator system consisting of a bundle of single mode optical fiber lasers, which can be combined into tapes, one end of said bundle being compacted into a solid face which acts as the output aperture of the invention whilst the other ends of the fiber lasers, forming said bundle, are loosely bound either individually or in groups and connected to semiconductor light sources, or optical excitation sources with equivalent output characteristics, for the end pumping of said fiber lasers in such a manner that all can be excited simultaneously or in a selected sequence.
  • the phase-locking of the individual fiber lasers can be achieved using one of at least three phase-locking techniques, either individually or in combination, in the region of the compacted output face of the invention.
  • Auxiliary optical excitation of the invention may be achieved using side pumping near the output end using a fixed or movable diode array, or equivalent light source, emitting narrow band optical excitation light.
  • the individual fiber laser oscillators of the invention may have a fixed or continuous variable fiber cladding thickness.
  • the invention has applications in the industrial, defence, medical communications, mass entertainment and the commercial fields.
  • the present invention overcomes the defects of the prior art fiber bundle lasers in that one of the ends, the pumping end, is loosely bound and can be 5 effectively coupled to well distributed, and hence, easily cooled arrays of laser diodes whether said diodes emit their optical outputs parallel to or perpendicular to the surface of the semiconductor chip on which they are mounted.
  • the invention is particularly suited for the direct coupling of such semiconductor excitation sources to tapes of fibers from which it can be constructed.
  • a diode pumped fiber bundle laser should consist only of optical fiber and laser diodes, this being the goal of the present invention.
  • there are practical necessities such as power supplies, inter connecting leads, 5 optical couplers and laser mirrors which inevitably add to the total cost of the system.
  • a particularly attractive feature of the present invention is the optional use of optical fibers of continuously variable cladding thickness from being comparable to the core thickness at the output end to being much greater than the core thickness at the pump end. This solution allows for the extremely fragile o output ends of the fibers to gain mutual strength by being compacted together whilst their relatively tough pump ends can be loosely bound without fear of breakage.
  • the thin-walled fibers forming the output end can cross- couple for phase-locking without the need for the more expensive lens arrays which have to rely on accurate hexagonal bundling of the fiber ends to ensure 5 low cost matching.
  • three separate fiber laser oscillators have to form the basic unit and these have to be packed into an area about 20 microns in diameter for best effect. This requirement spaces the fibers corresponding to a given colour, be it blue, green or red, further apart that the five micron or so needed for effective cross-coupling, implying the need for a o lens array to effectively phase-lock the invention.
  • variable cladding diameters on the fibers because the lenses can accommodate phase locking requirements at somewhat increased core seperation on the other hand it is a relatively simple process to pull a fiber bundle to provide the required variable cladding thickness along the bundle.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a compacted output end of fiber laser oscillator as the output end of the invention and to disperse the unbounded fiber ends of the invention so as to distribute the heat generating diode pump sources as much as possible and to allow their segmentation to reduce the heating problems.
  • Another object of the invention is to connect arrays of diode lasers to tapes of fiber laser oscillators whose output ends are stacked together to form the output aperture of the invention.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide means of using all types of diode pumps, optically coupled to the free ends of said fiber lasers forming the fiber laser bundle of the invention.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide means of switching the diode pumps either simultaneously or sequentially or in groups so as to. produce either a high definition laser beam image on the output face or to scan the laser output beam of the invention.
  • This invention allows for the generation of a powerful, scaieable, single, switchable laser beam via the phase-locking of a large number of smaller laser beams emitted by an array of laser fiber oscillators bundled together so that one end of the said bundle is compacted into the output aperture of the invention.
  • the small diameter of the individual fibers forming the said bundle of laser oscillators allows for effective cooling of the laser medium which is in the form of the fiber's glass core.
  • the long length of fiber in each oscillator allows for heat dissipation over a relatively long length of up to several metres depending on the absorption length of the laser ion doped fiber core being used.
  • the output aperture of the invention can be scaled to larger dimensions in two ways. Firstly, this can be achieved by stacking the optical fibers together one at a time and ensuring that their optically polished and suitably mirrored output ends are positioned in the same plane, so as to form what is essentially an optically polished and fully mirrored output aperture. Secondly, a coherently packed array of optical fibers can be formed simply by winding the said laser fiber onto a drum and cutting an appropriately thick layer of said fibers. Furthermore, by grouping the fibers together so that the groups can be phase-locked together, it is possible to scale the output aperture of the invention in terms of groups of fiber bundles rather than a single fiber bundle.
  • the fiber laser oscillators of the invention have cladding thicknesses which allow effective cross-coupling between the fibers.
  • the cladding thickness should be of the same order for effective "cross-talk" to exist between fibers.
  • phase-locking can be achieved using arrays of micro lenses with each micro lens coupling into its respective fiber core to the laser mirror. The overlapping of such arrays of micro laser beams ensures their phase-locking in the invention as a whole.
  • the third phase-locking technique utilizes an etalon to reflect portions of each micro laser beam laterally so that portions of it can enter neighbouring fiber transmitters in a given area of the output aperture.
  • One form of the invention which is very attractive from the view point of flat screen television projection is that where the output aperture is surrounded, in the same plane, with allowance of the diode pumps and their power sources.
  • This compact disc configuration of the invention can be wall mounted or mounted in a relatively confined space relative to the diameter of the laser beam produced.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic layout of a preferred configuration of the invention in its simplest possible configuration.
  • Fibers of continuously decreasing cladding thickness one compacted to form an output face with their mirrored, optically polished ends all in a single plane and their free ends, with maximum cladding thickness, each mirrored for 100% reflection at the lasing wavelength and for maximum transmission at the pump wavelength.
  • the diode pump emitting a laser beam of circular cross-section being directly coupled into the circularly cored, mirrored fiber end.
  • Each of the said pump diodes are switchable so that they can either all emit their outputs simultaneously or in a pre-determined pattern under computer control.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic layout of the invention made up of fiber tapes, each tape being excited by an array of laser diodes.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic layout of the invention in the format of a television projector with the central transmitting aperture surrounded by the laser diode pumps forms a flat screen TV image generator and projector.
  • Figure 4 shows the manner in which arrays of pump diodes can be directly connected into the invention using fiber of constant cladding thickness with rectangular ends.
  • Figure 5 shows the manner in which the invention is phase-locked using a lens array/mirror combination and is excited via a similar system via the free fiber ends.
  • numeral 1 indicates the laser ion doped optical fiber core whilst numeral 2 indicates the fiber cladding whose thickness decreases uniformly to the compacted mirrored output aperture of the invention indicated by numeral 3.
  • numeral 4 indicates the partially transmitting mirror attached to the optically polished laser fibers forming aperture 3.
  • Numeral 5 indicates the single output beam of the invention formed from the phase-locking of the individual laser beams emitted by the fiber ends forming aperture 3.
  • Numeral 6 indicates the fully reflecting mirror on the optically polished rear end of the optical fibers which are unbound but connected directly to their respective diode laser pumps indicated by numeral 7.
  • Diode pump 7 emits a laser pump beam of circular cross-section in a dic ⁇ ction perpendicular to the surface of the chip, indicated by numeral 8 onto which it has been deposited complete with resonator mirrors and electrodes indicated by numeral 9 and 10, its output beam emerging via a circular hole indicated- by numeral 11 in electrode 9.
  • numeral 12 indicates the connecting leads to the diode power supply indicated by numeral 13, which in turn is switched by the computer controlled unit indicated by numeral 14.
  • Numeral 15 indicates a side pump diode stack which can be used to excite the invention to its operating threshold so that the end'pumps 7 can be most effective in switching the individual fiber lasers of ,the invention above their operating threshold at high switching rates.
  • numeral 16 indicates a tape of single mode optical fibers whilst numeral 17 indicates the partially mirrored output operation of the invention composed of stacked layers of the fiber tapes 16.
  • numeral 18 indicates the optically polished free ends of the fiber tapes 16 with the fiber cores, indicated by numeral 19 arranged in a close packed, rectangular configuration which matches the rectangular format of the diode pump arrays indicated by numeral 20.
  • Numeral 21 indicates the electrical leads connecting the diode arrays 20 to their power s_pply indicated by numeral 22.
  • numeral 23 indicates a single fiber tape of the invention with fiber ends of rectangular cross-section whilst numeral 24 indicates a fiber core of circular cross-section.
  • numeral 25 indicates a diode laser pump array with its emission beam of rectangular configuration as indicated by numeral 26, which matches the rectangular array of fiber cores 24.
  • Numeral 27 indicates the electrical leads connecting the diode array 25 is this power supply (not shown).
  • numeral 28 indicates a micro lens array/partially transmitting mirror combination.
  • Numeral 29 indicates the micro lens array whilst numeral 30 indicates the partially transmitting mirror.
  • Numeral 31 indicates a micro lens which matches the output of laser diode pump 32 to the mirrored fiber core indicated by numeral 33.
  • numeral 34 indicates the output aperture of the invention in the format of a television screen.
  • Numeral 35 indicates the diffusion screen whilst numeral 36 indicates the output.
  • Numeral 37 indicates the diode pumps of the invention whilst numeral 38 indicates their power supplies.
  • Numeral 39 indicates the computer used to switch the invention into a televisioniformat.
  • the invention has applications in the defence, industrial, medical, mass entertainment and the commercial field.

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un système d'oscillateur laser à réseau de fibres optiques à laser, asservi en phase et pouvant subir un changement d'échelle. Ledit système se compose d'un faisceau de fibres optiques à laser monomode, qui peuvent être combinées en bandes (16). L'une des extrémités de ce faisceau est serrée compacte dans une face pleine (3), qui sert d'ouverture de sortie pour le système, alors que les autres extrémités (6) des fibres laser, formant le faisceau, sont liées lâches soit séparément soit en groupes et sont connectées à des sources lumineuses à semi-conducteurs (7) ou à des sources d'excitation optique avec des caractéristiques de sortie équivalentes, pour permettre le pompage terminal des fibres laser, de sorte qu'elles puissent toutes être excitées simultanément ou selon une séquence sélectionnée.
PCT/AU1990/000151 1989-04-18 1990-04-17 Oscillateur laser a reseau asservi en phase, compose d'un faisceau de fibres optiques a laser, serrees et a pompage par diodes sur la face terminale WO1990013158A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPJ3732 1989-04-18
AUPJ373289 1989-04-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990013158A1 true WO1990013158A1 (fr) 1990-11-01

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PCT/AU1990/000151 WO1990013158A1 (fr) 1989-04-18 1990-04-17 Oscillateur laser a reseau asservi en phase, compose d'un faisceau de fibres optiques a laser, serrees et a pompage par diodes sur la face terminale

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO1990013158A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2261318A (en) * 1991-10-24 1993-05-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Semiconductor laser pumped solid state laser
WO1995010159A2 (fr) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-13 Laser Power Corporation Systeme et procede de projection d'images a haute resolution employant des lasers
DE4447356A1 (de) * 1994-12-20 1996-06-27 Max Born Inst Fuer Nichtlinear Anordnung zur Erzeugung von Laserstrahlung
US5778111A (en) * 1993-08-18 1998-07-07 Ramasoft3 Pty. Limited Optical fibre flat screen
US5990983A (en) * 1994-09-30 1999-11-23 Laser Power Corporation High resolution image projection system and method employing lasers
US6008925A (en) * 1991-06-07 1999-12-28 Advanced Laser Technologies, Inc. Light beam scanning apparatus and method
US6026109A (en) * 1998-01-22 2000-02-15 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. High-power, solid-state laser in a cylindrical package
WO2000013838A1 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2000-03-16 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Source de rayonnement laser de haute densite de puissance et de haute energie destinee a l'usinage de materiaux
US6061378A (en) * 1997-05-13 2000-05-09 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. Multiple resonant cavity solid-state laser
US6154259A (en) * 1996-11-27 2000-11-28 Photera Technologies, Inc. Multi-beam laser scanning display system with speckle elimination
DE20308097U1 (de) * 2003-05-23 2004-09-23 Kuka Schweissanlagen Gmbh Lasereinrichtung
EP1579944A3 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-06-07 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Source de radiation laser

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3471215A (en) * 1965-07-16 1969-10-07 American Optical Corp Fiber laser device provided with long flexible energy-directing probe-like structure
AU5351479A (en) * 1978-12-08 1980-06-26 Ajoy Kumar Ghatak Phased array optical scanning
EP0097250A2 (fr) * 1982-06-23 1984-01-04 International Business Machines Corporation Source lumineuse
US4479224A (en) * 1981-10-26 1984-10-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Fiber-coupled external cavity semiconductor laser
AU3874285A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-22 Laser Holdings Limited Composite laser oscillator
WO1989012923A1 (fr) * 1988-06-16 1989-12-28 Austral Asian Lasers Pty. Ltd. Laser hybride

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3471215A (en) * 1965-07-16 1969-10-07 American Optical Corp Fiber laser device provided with long flexible energy-directing probe-like structure
AU5351479A (en) * 1978-12-08 1980-06-26 Ajoy Kumar Ghatak Phased array optical scanning
US4479224A (en) * 1981-10-26 1984-10-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Fiber-coupled external cavity semiconductor laser
EP0097250A2 (fr) * 1982-06-23 1984-01-04 International Business Machines Corporation Source lumineuse
AU3874285A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-22 Laser Holdings Limited Composite laser oscillator
WO1989012923A1 (fr) * 1988-06-16 1989-12-28 Austral Asian Lasers Pty. Ltd. Laser hybride

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6008925A (en) * 1991-06-07 1999-12-28 Advanced Laser Technologies, Inc. Light beam scanning apparatus and method
GB2261318A (en) * 1991-10-24 1993-05-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Semiconductor laser pumped solid state laser
US5351259A (en) * 1991-10-24 1994-09-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Semiconductor laser-pumped solid-state laser with plural beam output
GB2261318B (en) * 1991-10-24 1995-05-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Semiconductor laser pumped solid state laser
US5778111A (en) * 1993-08-18 1998-07-07 Ramasoft3 Pty. Limited Optical fibre flat screen
WO1995010159A2 (fr) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-13 Laser Power Corporation Systeme et procede de projection d'images a haute resolution employant des lasers
WO1995010159A3 (fr) * 1993-10-04 1995-06-29 Laser Power Corp Systeme et procede de projection d'images a haute resolution employant des lasers
US5534950A (en) * 1993-10-04 1996-07-09 Laser Power Corporation High resolution image projection system and method employing lasers
US5990983A (en) * 1994-09-30 1999-11-23 Laser Power Corporation High resolution image projection system and method employing lasers
DE4447356A1 (de) * 1994-12-20 1996-06-27 Max Born Inst Fuer Nichtlinear Anordnung zur Erzeugung von Laserstrahlung
US6154259A (en) * 1996-11-27 2000-11-28 Photera Technologies, Inc. Multi-beam laser scanning display system with speckle elimination
US6061378A (en) * 1997-05-13 2000-05-09 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. Multiple resonant cavity solid-state laser
US6026109A (en) * 1998-01-22 2000-02-15 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. High-power, solid-state laser in a cylindrical package
WO2000013838A1 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2000-03-16 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Source de rayonnement laser de haute densite de puissance et de haute energie destinee a l'usinage de materiaux
EP1579944A3 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-06-07 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Source de radiation laser
EP1666186A1 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-06-07 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Appareil et méthode pour produire une plaque d'impression pour la rotogravure au moyen de lumière laser
EP1666187A1 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-06-07 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Appareil et méthode pour produire une plaque d'impression pour la flexogravure au moyen de lumière laser
EP1623789A3 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-07-12 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Source de radiation laser
DE20308097U1 (de) * 2003-05-23 2004-09-23 Kuka Schweissanlagen Gmbh Lasereinrichtung

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