WO1990012667A2 - Ameliorations des appareils de coulee de metal - Google Patents

Ameliorations des appareils de coulee de metal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990012667A2
WO1990012667A2 PCT/GB1990/000596 GB9000596W WO9012667A2 WO 1990012667 A2 WO1990012667 A2 WO 1990012667A2 GB 9000596 W GB9000596 W GB 9000596W WO 9012667 A2 WO9012667 A2 WO 9012667A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
duct
valve member
enlargement
melt
exit opening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1990/000596
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1990012667A3 (fr
Inventor
Arthur William David Hills
Joseph William Cudby
Anthony Thrower
Original Assignee
Flogates Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flogates Limited filed Critical Flogates Limited
Publication of WO1990012667A2 publication Critical patent/WO1990012667A2/fr
Publication of WO1990012667A3 publication Critical patent/WO1990012667A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in metal pouring apparatus, and more particularly to improve ⁇ ments applicable to the control of pouring or teeming of molten melal along a duct or spout from one vessel to another.
  • the invention concerns a teeming control apparatus by means of which certain operational problems can be reduced or eliminated both at the commencement, and in the course, of teeming.
  • Metals may be poured from one vessel to another in several ways.
  • the invention instead, is concerned with the through-wall teeming, especially the bottom pour teeming technique.
  • the melt exits the charging vessel via a pour opening in the wall or bottom, and then traverses a duct, spout or nozzle for discharge into the receiving vessel.
  • Teeming is initiated and controlled by a valve arrangement.
  • Two kinds of valve arrangement are well known: they are the stopper rod and the gate valve systems.
  • the stopper rod system is simple and effective. It can reliably initiate a teem and - to a degree - can control the teeming rate, espec ⁇ ially when the stopper rod and pouring opening are in good condition.
  • they are subject to the effects of wear, attack and erosion by the molten metal and in part through these effects proper and accurate control of the teeming rate can be difficult to accomplish. Accurate control is important especially in continuous casting operations.
  • the gate valve system is better able to control the teeming rate and, in an emergency, may enable teeming to be shut off more quickly. Nevertheless, practical problems can arise. Unlike the stopper rod system, the gate valve system is operative at the bottom or outer end of the pour opening, rather than at its top or inner end. In the absence of steps to prevent it, molten metal enters and fills the opening before a teem is initiated. The static metal may well freeze or become pasty there in the pour opening. This can prevent clean "opening" or commencement of a teem. To combat this problem, a refractory partic- ulate filler may be charged into the pour opening before the charging vessel is filled with molten metal.
  • the filler is supposed to discharge ahead of the metal when the valve is first opened to commence a teem. This unfortunately does not always happen. The filler may sinter or develop a hard crust blocking the pour opening. Again, therefore, clean opening may not be attained. Of course, the filler is only useable when teeming is first initiated. If teeming is interrupted for any reason, static metal could freeze in the pour opening before teeming is re-commenced.
  • Another problem with the gate valve system is the ingress of air into the stream of teeming metal. This is particularly likely to happen when practising submerged-pour teeming.
  • the duct, spout or nozzle has its discharge end immersed in the melt in the receiving vessel.
  • An object of sub- merged pouring is to prevent contamination of the melt by air and this object is obviously defeated if air is drawn into the teeming system by the flowing melt.
  • air is sucked in via the juncture between relatively movable valve plates of the gate valve.
  • a solution exists the valve is surrounded by an atmosphere of inert gas. This is expensive to maintain.
  • the present invention inter alia aims to overcome the foregoing problems.
  • it aims to provide teeming apparatus capable of controlling onset, rate and termination of a teem, simply and effectively,
  • the invention is embodied in such a form as will enable it to be installed in a variety
  • Such vessels can include ladles, degassing vessels and tundishes.
  • the invention is applicable with a variety of such vessels and other vessels including moulds, partic ⁇ ularly continuous casting moulds.
  • the invention is desirably capable of efficiently distributing the melt into bloom and slab moulds.
  • metal teeming apparatus comprising a duct or spout having entry and outlet ends respectively formed with a valve seat and with at least one exit opening, and a valve member in the duct and reciproc ⁇ ally movable lengthwise thereof, the valve member
  • valve 25 having an enlargement at one end to coact with the valve seat for blocking or opening the duct entry end when the valve member is moved to and fro, and a configuration at its other end for controlling flow through the exit opening when the enlargement is dis- engaged from the seat.
  • the duct or spout is an elongate, unitary member devoid of any joints between its ends.
  • the duct or spout and the valve member will usually both be made of, or coated with, refractory material resistant to wear and attack by molten metal.
  • the materials will be selected according to the metal to be teemed and its temperature, as will be understood by the addressee.
  • aluminous material is suitable, for instance in pressed and fired state.
  • h e d u c t has a convergently tapered outlet end leading to the exit opening and the valve member has a tapered con ⁇ figuration at its said other end for coacting with the tapered outlet end to control flow.
  • the coacting valve member and outlet end provide for pass ⁇ age of melt from the duct when the valve member has its enlargement engaged with the valve seat, in use - 6 -
  • valve member and outlet end can define an annular drainage clear ⁇ ance.
  • arrange ⁇ ent can be such that the exit opening is not completely closed when
  • the ⁇ alve member is, for example, configured with a second enlargement, at its said other end, the second enlargement being a close fit in the duct outlet end and being cooper ⁇ ative with the or each exit opening to control flow
  • valve member is configured with a second enlargement which is a close fit in the duct outlet end, and a lateral projection extends from the second enlargement into the or each exit
  • each exit opening can be a longitudinally- extending slot and melt flow therethrough can be controlled by movements of the valve aember lengthwise of the duct.
  • valve member 25 For simplicity in manufacture and in actuation of the valve member, flow control is gained by length- wise movements of the duct.
  • outlet end of the valve member could be configured - e.g. by the provision of a recess or channel - so as to con ⁇ trol flow through the or each exit opening in response to rotary movements of the valve member.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through teeming control apparatus forming a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of an outlet end of the first embodiment
  • Figs. 3 and are , respectively, a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view and a perspective view of the outlet end of a second embodiment of the in ⁇ vention;
  • Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the outlet end of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an alternative inlet or entry end which can be employed in any of the embodiments.
  • metal teeming apparatus 10 according to the invention is shown fitted to a metal pouring vessel 11.
  • the vessel can be a tundish, ladle, degassing vessel or other melt-containing vessel used in the metall ⁇ urgical industry.
  • Vessel 11 is shown with a through- wall, bottom-pour opening 12 in which the apparatus 10 is mounted.
  • the said apparatus is suitably in ⁇ stalled, leak-tightly to the bottom wall 14, e.g. by cementing into place in a refractory lining of the vessel 11.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises an elongate duct or spout 15 through which melt is discharged into a receiving vessel or mould, not shown, when a valve member 16 in the duct is in an open position, as shown.
  • the duct 15 has a melt entry end with a flared or rounded mouth forming a valve seat 18.
  • the valve member 16 has an enlargement 20 at one end.
  • the valve member 16 is reciprocally movable in the duct 15, in a length ⁇ wise direction. When moved in one direction, the valve member closes on the valve seat 18 and blocks the duct to entry of melt, and when moved in the other direction to uncover the seat, it opens the duct for teeming of melt from the vessel.
  • the coacting enlargement 20 has suitably rounded shoulders 21. As shown, the valve member is lowered and raised, respectively, to close and open the duct to flow of melt.
  • the duct 15 is a unitary member devoid of joints along its length between its entry end and its opposite bullet end 22. Joints are avoided to eliminate the risk of insufflation of air during teeming.
  • the duct 15 has at least one melt exit opening at the outlet end 22.
  • the openings 24 are formed as a pair of slots. These slots extend axially in the wall of the duct, upwardly from the extreme end thereof.
  • valve member 16 The lower end of the valve member 16 is con ⁇ figured to cooperate with the openings 24 to control flow of melt from the duct after the valve member is lifted from engagement with the seat 18.
  • the valve member has a second enlargement 26 at its lower or downstream end.
  • the second enlarge ⁇ ment is a close but sliding fit in the outlet end 22 of the duct 15. If the valve aember is raised and lowered, shorter or longer lengths of the slot- shaped openings 24 are exposed to flow from the duct 15 -
  • the second enlargement 26 has an inclined or arcuate shoulder 28. Its down ⁇ ward and outward inclination assists in deflecting melt flowing down the duct in lateral directions out of the exit openings 24.
  • the two enlargements 20, 26 of the valve member 16 are interconnected by a narrower stem portion 29-
  • the stem portion 29 and duct 15 are dimensioned having regard for the size of the exit openings 24 to afford free passage of melt, at a desired maximum rate.
  • the apparatus 10 is arranged for melt to discharge in diametrically opposed lateral di- rections, it is well suited for feeding melt into a continuous slab caster mould.
  • the apparatus 10 can have a different outlet end configuration, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the apparatus has a duct 10 with two opposed exit openings 24 in the wall thereof, and a valve member 16 with .a second enlargement 26 closely fitting the inside of the duct 15.
  • the enlargement 26 is transversely slotted, at 30, to receive a transverse element 31-
  • the ele- ment 31 projects laterally from the enlargement 26 forming two lugs or ears 32 which are close, sliding fits in the respective slotted exit openings 24.
  • Each lug 32 has a downwardly-inclined top surface 33 to assist in deflecting flowing melt in lateral directions out of the exit openings.
  • the latter have top end surfaces 3 which are similarly inclined.
  • the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4 affords control of flow from the apparatus 10 depending on the position of the valve member 16 in the duct 15. In a lowermost position, the valve member closes the duct to entry of melt from the vessel. When the valve member is raised, disengaging it from the seat, flow of melt can immed ⁇ iately commence. The flow rate from the exit openings 24 again decreases with raising of the valve member 16, as the effective size of each opening is progress ⁇ ively reduced by the rising lugs 32.
  • this embodiment is well suited for teeming melt into the mould of a continuous slab caster.
  • a lowering of the valve member 16 to engage the valve seat 18 blocks the inflow of melt into the duct 15- At the same time, the exit openings 24 are fully opened, thus allowing melt already in the duct to drain away into a receiving vessel or mould.
  • Fig. 5 shows the outlet end of another embodi ⁇ ment of the invention.
  • the outlet end has a form suiting teeming into the mould of a continuous bloom caster.
  • the duct 15 has a single exit opening 36. Opening 36 is at the very end of the duct 15 rather than in its side wall.
  • the outlet end portion of the duct is convergingly tapered at 37.
  • the valve member 15 in this instance does not have a second enlarge ⁇ ment.
  • its stem 29 has a tapered end portion 38 generally matching the taper of the duct outlet end portion.
  • valve member at its lower end portion 38 is such as to control flow of melt through the exit opening 36. Raising and lowering movements of the valve member 16 respectively will increase or decrease flow from the opening 36.
  • the discharge flow direction will, of course, be axial in this embodiment.
  • valve member 16 has the valve member 16 and outlet end portion 37 so con ⁇ figured as to allow melt to drain from the duct 15 when the valve member is lowered to engage the valve seat 18.
  • valve member is undersized relative to the adjacent wall of the duct so as to leave an annular drainage clearance 39 therebetween when the valve member 16 is engaged with
  • Fig. 6 is shown an alternative form of inlet end which may be incorporated in any embodiment of the invention.
  • the valve member 16 has an enlargement 20 similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but the duct 15 has a
  • trumpet 40 facilitates installation of the duct 15 in a frustoconical well element 42 in the refractory lining 44 of the vessel 11.
  • a similar form of installation can be adopted for the Fig. 1 arrangement, as indicated at the right hand
  • ferrous metals For controlled teeming of ferrous metals, they can be made e.g. of aluminous refractory, for instance in pressed and fired form.
  • drive means D can be controlled by any convenient drive means D.
  • drive means D could comprise mechanical, electrical pneumatic or hydraulic actuators.
  • the drive means would ordinarily be linked in any suitable way to the upper end of the valve member 16. The linkage would thus have to extend through the melt and must be able to withstand it, therefore. Accordingly, the linkage could include a control rod made of, or coated with, a refractory material.
  • the drive means could, in principle, be connected to the other end of the valve member, via the terminal end of the duct 15. This would be satisfactory, for example, if the apparatus were installed in a side wall of the vessel, adjacent its base, and if the duct had an exit opening disposed in the side wall of the duct, facing downwardly.
  • control movements of the valve member 16 for controlling flow rate are lengthwise movements.
  • rotary control movements would be a possibility if the outlet end configuration of the apparatus were adapted in ways which will be apparent to the addressee.
  • the said drive means is arranged to displace the valve member 16 continuously during a teem by imparting a reciprocal, vibratory or oscillatory motion to it.
  • a reciprocal, vibratory or oscillatory motion By having relative motion between the valve member 16 and the duct 15, accumulation or accretion of any inclusions in the melt between the duct and valve member will be hindered.
  • the motion imparted to the valve member can be of small amplitude.
  • the continuous motion imparted to the valve member can be derived from a separate drive means (D')-
  • the disclosed embodiments provide no route by which air - or any other gas - may be sucked into the apparatus 10 by the flowing melt. Further, the possibility of melt residing in the duct 15 and possibly blocking it has been avoided, and the need for particulate fillers has been eliminated. Flow of melt can be terminated rapidly in an emergency and good control over the teeming flow rate is attainable. Moreover, the apparatus of this invention is of a desirably simple construction which will facilitate anufacrture, assembly and servicing.
  • the component parts namely the duct and valve member can be economically manufactured. This is beneficial since their service lives will be limited owing to the aggressive environment to which they inevitably are exposed.
  • the invention is applicable to the controlled teeming, or pouring, of high temperature liquids, in particular molten metals such as stainless steels, from a vessel to a receiver such as a mould.
  • molten metals such as stainless steels
  • the flow of molten metal can be initiated and terminated, or varied as to the rate of flow.
  • Controlled pouring by means of this invention can facilitate casting operations, for instance in the continuous casting process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Flow Control (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil de réglage de coulée (10) comporte un tube d'évacuation (15) installé p.ex. dans un avant-creuset (11) et fournissant au moins une fente de sortie (24). Dans le tube peut être déplacé un élément de soupape (16) ayant un élargissement (20) à un bout qui co-opère avec un siège de soupape (18) à la bouche ou à l'entrée du tube, pour ouvrir ou fermer le tube (15) à la coulée provenant de l'avant-creuset. L'élément de soupape (16) est configuré à son autre bout pour permettre de varier la taille effective de la fente (5) de sortie (24) et ainsi fournir une régulation du débit de la coulée venant de l'appareil.
PCT/GB1990/000596 1989-04-19 1990-04-19 Ameliorations des appareils de coulee de metal WO1990012667A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898908873A GB8908873D0 (en) 1989-04-19 1989-04-19 Improvements in metal pouring apparatus
GB8908873.6 1989-04-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990012667A2 true WO1990012667A2 (fr) 1990-11-01
WO1990012667A3 WO1990012667A3 (fr) 1991-01-10

Family

ID=10655309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1990/000596 WO1990012667A2 (fr) 1989-04-19 1990-04-19 Ameliorations des appareils de coulee de metal

Country Status (5)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5443790A (fr)
CA (1) CA2014767A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB8908873D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990012667A2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA902867B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003066256A1 (fr) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-14 Sigmund Rekkedal Soupape de dosage pour le coulage par gravitation de metal liquide

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB917565A (en) * 1960-05-13 1963-02-06 Didier Werke Ag Improvements relating to pouring nozzles for liquid metal
GB1112819A (en) * 1964-12-03 1968-05-08 United Steel Companies Ltd Nozzle and stopper assemblies for the teeming of liquid metal
US3511421A (en) * 1968-04-29 1970-05-12 William H Smith Stopper and nozzle construction for metal ladles
FR2024256A1 (fr) * 1968-11-26 1970-08-28 Inland Steel Co

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB917565A (en) * 1960-05-13 1963-02-06 Didier Werke Ag Improvements relating to pouring nozzles for liquid metal
GB1112819A (en) * 1964-12-03 1968-05-08 United Steel Companies Ltd Nozzle and stopper assemblies for the teeming of liquid metal
US3511421A (en) * 1968-04-29 1970-05-12 William H Smith Stopper and nozzle construction for metal ladles
FR2024256A1 (fr) * 1968-11-26 1970-08-28 Inland Steel Co

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003066256A1 (fr) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-14 Sigmund Rekkedal Soupape de dosage pour le coulage par gravitation de metal liquide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5443790A (en) 1990-11-16
GB8908873D0 (en) 1989-06-07
ZA902867B (en) 1991-05-29
CA2014767A1 (fr) 1990-10-19
WO1990012667A3 (fr) 1991-01-10

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