WO1990010833A1 - Reservoir for a diffusion-absorption plant - Google Patents

Reservoir for a diffusion-absorption plant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990010833A1
WO1990010833A1 PCT/CH1990/000069 CH9000069W WO9010833A1 WO 1990010833 A1 WO1990010833 A1 WO 1990010833A1 CH 9000069 W CH9000069 W CH 9000069W WO 9010833 A1 WO9010833 A1 WO 9010833A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reservoir
level
refrigerant
concentration
solution
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1990/000069
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans Stierlin
Original Assignee
Hans Stierlin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hans Stierlin filed Critical Hans Stierlin
Publication of WO1990010833A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990010833A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/10—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with inert gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a level-and concentration-holding reservoir for a Diffusionsab- 'sorption system with a pressure equalizing auxiliary gas.
  • Diffusion absorption systems ie absorption systems with a pressure-compensating auxiliary gas
  • a diffusion absorption system of this type is e.g. described in detail in Swiss Patent No. 475,527.
  • ammonia is mostly used as a refrigerant
  • water as a solvent
  • Hydrogen or helium is used as an inert, pressure-equalizing auxiliary gas.
  • the aggregates are not bound to these substances or to these combinations of substances.
  • a reservoir is provided in all of these known diffusion absorption units, which on the one hand defines the operating and working level of the system and thus, among other things. that enables the solvent pump to work reliably.
  • this reservoir contains a refrigerant solution of medium concentration and therefore has a concentration-maintaining function for the overall system. The importance of the reservoir in diffusion absorption systems with high
  • Diffusion absorption systems of high performance which can be used, for example, for air conditioning or for use as heat pumps in heating systems
  • the volume of refrigerant solution is considerably larger than in small refrigeration systems.
  • the reservoir would also have to be enlarged accordingly.
  • the refrigerant in the reservoir is part of the immediate operating process of the diffusion absorption system, it makes sense to keep the volume of the reservoir as small as possible. However, it must be ensured that both the level-maintaining and the concentration-maintaining function remain guaranteed.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to show a reservoir for diffusion absorption systems of high performance which reliably keeps the operating level and the concentration of the refrigerant solution with as little volume as possible.
  • This object is achieved in a reservoir of the type mentioned at the outset in that the level-maintaining and the concentration-maintaining function of the reservoir are divided into two areas, the two areas being connected to one another and the level-maintaining being arranged above the concentration-keeping area.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a diffusion absorption system of high performance.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a reservoir.
  • FIG. 1 shows the diagram of a diffusion absorption system with a high output.
  • a diffusion absorption system with a high output.
  • Such a unit comprises a gas burner 1 or another heat source, an expeller with a gas bubble pump 2 in which the refrigerant vapor is expelled.
  • This steam passes through a steam line into the condenser 4 via a triple heat exchanger 2a.
  • the refrigerant vapor condenses and the condensate flows through a condensate line in an evaporator 5, where it evaporates with heat absorption.
  • the auxiliary gas which has become rich through the evaporation, flows into a gas heat exchanger 6 and cools the poor gas flowing in there.
  • the rich gas then flows into an absorber 3, where part of the
  • Refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the poor solution.
  • the solution that has become rich through the absorption process passes through the triple heat exchanger 2a into the expeller 2.
  • the refrigerant is expelled here, as mentioned, and the solution that has become poor is pumped up by means of the gas-bladed pump and thereby enabled to reach the top
  • the poor solution is also previously passed through the triple heat exchanger 2a.
  • the absorber 3 and the condenser 4 are flowed through by the medium of a secondary system, which absorbs heat at a high temperature level there.
  • the evaporator 5 is flowed through by a medium of a further secondary system, which supplies it with heat at a low temperature level.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention.
  • the reservoir is divided into a lower part 9 and an upper part 11. These two parts can be spherical, cylindrical or an ellipsoid of revolution.
  • the two parts are connected to a connecting tube 10.
  • a pressure compensation line 13 leads to the absorber and a concentration compensation line 14 to the expeller.
  • An operating or working level 12 of the refrigerant solution is located at the location of the largest diameter of the upper part 11. The level accordingly takes up a large surface area, which means that the level does not fluctuate significantly when the refrigerant solution is added or removed is subject.
  • the concentration-maintaining function of the reservoir is guaranteed by the refrigerant solution in the lower part 9.
  • Relatively rich solution since it is lighter, can flow through the concentration compensation line 14 to the expeller and relatively poorer solution flows from the expeller through this line to the reservoir.
  • the largest diameter of the reservoir should be at the level of the operating level of the refrigerant solution. This requires a certain height of the reservoir. If, at the same time, the reservoir volume and thus, as desired, the volume of the refrigerant solution are to be kept as small as possible, this can be achieved by the described division into two reservoir parts.
  • the formation of the two parts of the reservoir as approximate rotational ellipsoids has proven to be particularly advantageous both in terms of level and concentration maintenance, also taking into account the pressure of approximately 3 MPa prevailing in a diffusion absorption system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a reservoir with an upper section (11) with the shape of an ellipsoid of rotation. The operating level (12) of the refrigerant solution is at the height of maximum diameter. The level is therefore subject to only slight variation when refrigerant flows out of or into the reservoir. Refrigerant solution in the lower section (9) enables the concentration to be maintained at the same level. Since it is less dense, relatively concentrated solution can flow through the concentration-compensating line (14) to the expeller and less concentrated solution flows from the expeller through this line to the reservoir. For geodesic reasons, it is necessary for the reservoir to extend to under the expeller intake. However, the operating level of the refrigerant solution must lie within the reservoir. This requires the reservoir to have a certain minimum height. If at the same time the volume of the refrigerant solution is to be kept as small as possible, this can be done by dividing the reservoir into two section as described.

Description

Reservoir für eine Diffusionsabsorptionsanlage Reservoir for a diffusion absorption system
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein niveau- und konzentrationshaltendes Reservoir für eine Diffusionsab- 'sorptionsanlage mit einem druckausgleichenden Hilfsgas.The present invention relates to a level-and concentration-holding reservoir for a Diffusionsab- 'sorption system with a pressure equalizing auxiliary gas.
Diffusionsabsorptionsanlagen, also Absorptionsanlagen mit einem druckausgleichenden Hilfsgas sind als Kleinkältean¬ lagen zur Verwendung in Haushaltkühlschränken seit langem bekannt. Eine Diffusionsabsorptionsanlage dieser Gattung ist z.B. im Schweizer Patent Nr. 475 527 ausführlich beschrieben. In solchen Aggregaten wird meistens Ammoniak als Kältemittel, Wasser als Lösungsmittel und z.B. Wasserstoff oder Helium als inertes, druckausgleichendes Hilfsgas verwendet. Die Aggregate sind jedoch an diese Stoffe oder an diese Stoffkombinationen nicht gebunden.Diffusion absorption systems, ie absorption systems with a pressure-compensating auxiliary gas, have long been known as small refrigeration systems for use in household refrigerators. A diffusion absorption system of this type is e.g. described in detail in Swiss Patent No. 475,527. In such units, ammonia is mostly used as a refrigerant, water as a solvent and e.g. Hydrogen or helium is used as an inert, pressure-equalizing auxiliary gas. However, the aggregates are not bound to these substances or to these combinations of substances.
In all diesen bekannten Diffusionsabsorptionsaggregaten ist ein Reservoir vorgesehen, das einerseits das Betriebs- und Arbeitsniveau der Anlage festlegt und so u.a. das zuverlässige Arbeiten der Lösungsmittelpumpe ermöglicht. Andererseits enthält dieses Reservoir eine Kältemittellö¬ sung mittlerer Konzentration und hat daher konzentrations- haltende Funktion für das Gesamtsystem. Die Bedeutung des Reservoirs in Diffusionsabsorptionsanlagen mit hohemA reservoir is provided in all of these known diffusion absorption units, which on the one hand defines the operating and working level of the system and thus, among other things. that enables the solvent pump to work reliably. On the other hand, this reservoir contains a refrigerant solution of medium concentration and therefore has a concentration-maintaining function for the overall system. The importance of the reservoir in diffusion absorption systems with high
Wirkungsgrad ist im Schweizer Patent Nr. 497 673 beschrie¬ ben.Efficiency is described in Swiss Patent No. 497 673.
Diffusionsabsorptionsanlagen grosser Leistung, die z.B. zur Klimatisierung oder zur Verwendung als Wärmepumpen in Heizanlagen eingesetzt werden können, ist das Kältemittel¬ lösungsvolumen erheblich grösser als in Kleinkälteanlagen. Entsprechend müsste auch das Reservoir verhältnismässig vergrössert werden. Aus Sicherheitsgründen ist es jedoch erwünscht, die Menge des Kältemittels, meist Ammoniak, so gering wie möglich zu halten. Da das im Reservoir befindliche Kältemittel am unmittelbaren Betriebsprozess der Diffusionsabsorptionsanlage nicht teil hat, ist es sinnvoll, das Volumen des Reservoirs möglichst klein zu halten. Dabei muss aber gewährleistet werden, dass sowohl die niveauhaltende wie auch die konzentrationshaltende Funktion gewährleistet bleibt.Diffusion absorption systems of high performance, which can be used, for example, for air conditioning or for use as heat pumps in heating systems, the volume of refrigerant solution is considerably larger than in small refrigeration systems. The reservoir would also have to be enlarged accordingly. For safety reasons, however, it is desirable to keep the amount of the refrigerant, usually ammonia, as low as possible. Because the refrigerant in the reservoir is part of the immediate operating process of the diffusion absorption system, it makes sense to keep the volume of the reservoir as small as possible. However, it must be ensured that both the level-maintaining and the concentration-maintaining function remain guaranteed.
Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein Reservoir für Diffusionsabsorptionsanlagen grosser Leistung zu zeigen, das mit möglichst wenig Volumen zuverlässig das Betriebsniveau und die Konzentration der Kältemittellösung hält.The aim of the present invention is therefore to show a reservoir for diffusion absorption systems of high performance which reliably keeps the operating level and the concentration of the refrigerant solution with as little volume as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Reservoir der eingangs erwähnten Art dadurch gelöst, dass die niveauhaltende und die konzentrationshaltende Funktion des Reservoirs in zwei Bereiche aufgeteilt ist, wobei die beiden Bereiche untereinander verbunden sind und der niveauhaltende oberhalb des konzentrationshaltenden Bereichs angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in a reservoir of the type mentioned at the outset in that the level-maintaining and the concentration-maintaining function of the reservoir are divided into two areas, the two areas being connected to one another and the level-maintaining being arranged above the concentration-keeping area.
Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigen Figur 1 eine εchematische Darstellung einer Diffusionsabsorptionsanlage grosser Leistung.FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a diffusion absorption system of high performance.
Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Reservoirs.Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a reservoir.
In Figur 1 ist das Schema einer Diffusionsabsorptionsanla- ge grosser Leistung dargestellt. Ein derartiges Aggregat umfasst einen Gasbrenner 1 oder eine andere Wärmequelle, einen Austreiber mit Gasblasenpumpe 2 in welchem der Kältemitteldampf ausgetrieben wird. Dieser Dampf gelangt über einen Dreifach-Wärmetauscher 2a durch eine Dampflei- tung in den Kondensator 4. Hier kondensiert der Kältemit¬ teldampf und das Kondensat fliesst durch eine Kondensat- leitung in einen Verdampfer 5, wo es unter Wärmeaufnahme verdampft. Das durch die Verdampfung reich gewordene Hilfsgas strömt in einen Gaswärmetauscher 6 und kühlt das dort einströmende arme Gas ab. Das reiche Gas strömt anschliessend in einen Absorber 3, wo ein Teil desFIG. 1 shows the diagram of a diffusion absorption system with a high output. Such a unit comprises a gas burner 1 or another heat source, an expeller with a gas bubble pump 2 in which the refrigerant vapor is expelled. This steam passes through a steam line into the condenser 4 via a triple heat exchanger 2a. Here the refrigerant vapor condenses and the condensate flows through a condensate line in an evaporator 5, where it evaporates with heat absorption. The auxiliary gas, which has become rich through the evaporation, flows into a gas heat exchanger 6 and cools the poor gas flowing in there. The rich gas then flows into an absorber 3, where part of the
Kältemitteldampfs durch die arme Lösung absorbiert wird. Die durch den Absorptionsvorgang reich gewordene Lösung gelangt über den Dreifach-Wärmetauscher 2a in den Austrei¬ ber 2. Das Kältemittel wird hier wie erwähnt ausgetrieben und die dadurch arm gewordene Lösung mittels der Gasbla¬ senpumpe hochgepumpt und dadurch in die Lage versetzt, oben in den Absorber zu fliessen, wobei die arme Lösung zuvor ebenfalls durch den Dreifach-Wärmetauscher 2a geleitet wird. Der Absorber 3 und der Kondensator 4 werden durch das Medium eines Sekundärsystems durchflössen, das dort Wärme auf einem hohen Temperaturniveau aufnimmt. Der Verdampfer 5 wird durch ein Medium eines weiteren Sekundärsystems durchflössen, das ihm Wärme auf einem tiefen Temperaturniveau zuführt.Refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the poor solution. The solution that has become rich through the absorption process passes through the triple heat exchanger 2a into the expeller 2. The refrigerant is expelled here, as mentioned, and the solution that has become poor is pumped up by means of the gas-bladed pump and thereby enabled to reach the top To flow absorber, the poor solution is also previously passed through the triple heat exchanger 2a. The absorber 3 and the condenser 4 are flowed through by the medium of a secondary system, which absorbs heat at a high temperature level there. The evaporator 5 is flowed through by a medium of a further secondary system, which supplies it with heat at a low temperature level.
Fig. 2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Das Reservoir ist in einen unteren Teil 9 und in einen oberen Teil 11 unterteilt. Diese beiden Teile können kugelig, Zylindrisch oder als Rotationsellipsoid ausgebildet sein. Die beiden Teile sind mit einem Verbindungsrohr 10 verbunden. Eine Druckausgleichsleitung 13 führt zum Absorber und eine Konzentrationsausgleichsleitung 14 zum Austreiber. Ein Betriebs- bzw. Arbeitsniveau 12 der Kältemittellösung befindet sich an der Stelle des grössten Durchmessers des oberen Teils 11. Das Niveau nimmt entsprechend eine grosse Oberfläche ein, dadurch wird erreicht, dass das Niveau beim Hinzuführen oder beim Wegführen von Kältemittellösung keinen grossen Schwankun¬ gen unterworfen ist.Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention. The reservoir is divided into a lower part 9 and an upper part 11. These two parts can be spherical, cylindrical or an ellipsoid of revolution. The two parts are connected to a connecting tube 10. A pressure compensation line 13 leads to the absorber and a concentration compensation line 14 to the expeller. An operating or working level 12 of the refrigerant solution is located at the location of the largest diameter of the upper part 11. The level accordingly takes up a large surface area, which means that the level does not fluctuate significantly when the refrigerant solution is added or removed is subject.
Die konzentrationshaltende Funktion des Reservoirs wird durch die Kältemittellösung im unteren Teil 9 gewährleis¬ tet. Relativ reiche Lösung kann, da sie leichter ist, durch die Konzentrationsausgleichsleitung 14 zum Austrei¬ ber fliessen und relativ ärmere Lösung fliesst vom Austreiber durch diese Leitung zum Reservoir. Aus geodätischen Gründen ist es deshalb nötig, dass sich das Reservoir bis unterhalb der Ansaugstelle des Austreibers erstreckt. Andererseits soll sich aus besagtem Grund der grösste Durchmesser des Reservoirs auf der Höhe des Betriebsniveaus der Kältemittellösung befinden. Dies erfordert eine gewisse Bauhöhe des Reservoirs. Soll gleichzeitig das Reservoirvolumen und damit wunschgemäss auch das Volumen der Kältemittellösung möglichst klein gehalten werden, so kann dies durch die beschriebene Aufteilung auf zwei Reservoirteile erreicht werden. Sowohl was die Niveau- als auch die Konzentrationshaltung betrifft hat sich die Ausbildung der beiden Teile des Reservoirs als annähernde Rotationsellipsoide besonders Vorteilhaft erwiesen, dies auch unter Beachtung des in einer Diffusionsabsorptionsanlage herrschenden Drucks von etwa 3 MPa. The concentration-maintaining function of the reservoir is guaranteed by the refrigerant solution in the lower part 9. Relatively rich solution, since it is lighter, can flow through the concentration compensation line 14 to the expeller and relatively poorer solution flows from the expeller through this line to the reservoir. For geodetic reasons, it is therefore necessary for the reservoir to extend below the expeller's suction point. On the other hand, for the reason mentioned, the largest diameter of the reservoir should be at the level of the operating level of the refrigerant solution. This requires a certain height of the reservoir. If, at the same time, the reservoir volume and thus, as desired, the volume of the refrigerant solution are to be kept as small as possible, this can be achieved by the described division into two reservoir parts. The formation of the two parts of the reservoir as approximate rotational ellipsoids has proven to be particularly advantageous both in terms of level and concentration maintenance, also taking into account the pressure of approximately 3 MPa prevailing in a diffusion absorption system.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Niveau- und konzentrationshaltendes Reservoir für eine Diffusionsabsorptionsanlage, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die niveauhaltende und die konzentrationshaltende Funktion des Reservoirs in zwei Bereiche (9,11) aufgeteilt ist, wobei die beiden Bereiche untereinander verbunden sind und der niveauhaltende oberhalb des konzentrationshaltenden Bereichs angeordnet ist.1. level and concentration-maintaining reservoir for a diffusion absorption system, characterized in that the level-maintaining and the concentration-maintaining function of the reservoir is divided into two areas (9, 11), the two areas being interconnected and the level-maintaining being arranged above the concentration-keeping area .
Reservoir nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Bereiche kugelig ausgebildet sind und der niveauhaltende Bereich seinen grössten Durchmesser auf der Niveauebene aufweist.Reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that the two areas are spherical and the level-maintaining area has its largest diameter at the level level.
Reservoir nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Bereiche je als Rotationsellipsoide aus¬ gebildet sind und der niveauhaltende Bereich seinen grössten Durchmesser auf der Niveauebene aufweist.Reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that the two areas are each formed as an ellipsoid of revolution and the level-maintaining area has its largest diameter at the level level.
Reservoir nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Bereiche mittels eines Rohres(10) untereinander verbunden sind. Reservoir according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two regions are connected to one another by means of a tube (10).
PCT/CH1990/000069 1989-03-14 1990-03-14 Reservoir for a diffusion-absorption plant WO1990010833A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH932/89-7 1989-03-14
CH932/89A CH678104A5 (en) 1989-03-14 1989-03-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990010833A1 true WO1990010833A1 (en) 1990-09-20

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009003446A1 (en) * 2009-02-06 2010-08-19 Webasto Ag Refrigerant reservoir for a mobile absorption air conditioning system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10014126A1 (en) 2000-03-22 2001-10-04 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh Diffusion absorption system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2842943A (en) * 1954-03-24 1958-07-15 Electrolux Ab Absorption refrigeration
DE970146C (en) * 1952-05-16 1958-08-21 Electrolux Ab Process for the operation of absorption refrigeration apparatus working with auxiliary gas

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE970146C (en) * 1952-05-16 1958-08-21 Electrolux Ab Process for the operation of absorption refrigeration apparatus working with auxiliary gas
US2842943A (en) * 1954-03-24 1958-07-15 Electrolux Ab Absorption refrigeration

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009003446A1 (en) * 2009-02-06 2010-08-19 Webasto Ag Refrigerant reservoir for a mobile absorption air conditioning system

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CH678104A5 (en) 1991-07-31

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