WO1990004953A1 - Method and apparatus for working bone cement for fixing a prosthesis in a bone - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for working bone cement for fixing a prosthesis in a bone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990004953A1
WO1990004953A1 PCT/SE1989/000648 SE8900648W WO9004953A1 WO 1990004953 A1 WO1990004953 A1 WO 1990004953A1 SE 8900648 W SE8900648 W SE 8900648W WO 9004953 A1 WO9004953 A1 WO 9004953A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bone
bone cement
cavity
prosthesis
cement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1989/000648
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Magnus Nilsson
Original Assignee
Magnus Nilsson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magnus Nilsson filed Critical Magnus Nilsson
Publication of WO1990004953A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990004953A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/8802—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers
    • A61B17/8805—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers for introducing fluid filler into bone or extracting it
    • A61B17/8808—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers for introducing fluid filler into bone or extracting it with sealing collar for bone cavity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30721—Accessories
    • A61F2/30723—Plugs or restrictors for sealing a cement-receiving space
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30433—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2220/0041—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels or rivets, e.g. connecting screws

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an ap- paratus for working bone cement placed in a cavity of a bone, for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in the cavity.
  • Bone cement is prepared by mixing two or more components with each other to form a soft curing mass. The soft mass is placed in the cavity for receiv ⁇ ing the prosthesis and, after curing, fixing it in the cavity.
  • the bone cement currently used is of the poly- methyl methacrylate type (PMMA) which is prepared by mix ⁇ ing a powder of polymers with a liquid of monomers. The resulting mixture is caused to cure by polymerisation.
  • PMMA poly- methyl methacrylate type
  • the penetration of the bone cement into the spongy bone depends on how carefully the cavity, for instance a medullary canal, has been cleaned with respect to devita- lised tissue.
  • the degree of penetration also depends on the viscosity of the cement and the pressure of applica ⁇ tion. The lower the viscosity of the cement is and the higher the pressure of application is, the more easily does the penetration take place. With decreasing viscosity and increasing pressure, the PMMA mass however emits a larger amount of highly volatile monomers which have been found to be cytotoxic, that is have an injurious effect on vital cells, and may therefore cause tissue injuries.
  • the monomers may then interfere locally with the flow of blood and also give rise to intravascular hemolysis and inflam ⁇ matory reactions leading to ischemia, necrosis and re- sorption of bone substance.
  • monomers have been found to produce not only localised injuries but also system injuries, for instance by affecting the heart and by causing fat embolism in the lungs.
  • Tissue injuries may also arise in other ways.
  • the major portion of the bone marrow is removed, which causes injuries to blood vessels and, hence, adversely affects the flow of blood with a consequent risk of ischemia and tissue death.
  • Polymerisation of the PMMA cement takes place with emission of heat, the local temperature in ⁇ crease being proportional to the amount of cement used. Excessive temperature may in itself cause tissue injuries and also, the emission of injurious monomers increases with increasing temperature.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method making it possible to bring about efficient and durable immobilisation of a prosthesis in a cavity by means of bone cement, while overcoming as far as possible the above-mentioned drawbacks by ensuring a thorough and uniformly distributed penetration of bone cement into the spongy bone with a minimum of injuries to bone tissue and blood vessels and a minimum of air bubbles in the bone ce ⁇ ment.
  • this object is achieved by a method for working bone cement placed in a cavity of a bone, for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in the cavity, which method is characterised in that the bone cement placed in the cavity is vibrated mechanically.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for carrying out this method.
  • this object is achieved by means of a device for working bone cement placed in a cavity of a bone, for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in the cavity, which device is characterised by vibrating means adapted to vi- brate the bone cement placed in the cavity.
  • the vibrating means suitably is adapted to execute a rotary movement.
  • the device has pressure loading means having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to that of the cavity, and adapted to be introduced in the cavity to be pressed against the bone cement placed there ⁇ in.
  • the device used in the test and schematically illu ⁇ strated in the drawing has a flexible shaft 1 which is connected at one end to a motor (not shown) having a speed of rotation of 16,000 rpm, and which is connected at the other end to a chuck 2 normally used in a dentist's drill ⁇ ing equipment.
  • a metal tube 3 is arranged around the chuck 2.
  • a steel pin 4 having a diameter of about 2.5 mm is in ⁇ serted in the chuck 2 and axially extends a certain dis- tance outside the metal tube 3.
  • the steel pin 4 has a ra ⁇ dial projection 5 at its free end.
  • a rubber seal 6 having a central portion and an annular skirt portion is fixed with its central portion to the free end of the metal tube 3 by locking screws 7.
  • the rubber seal 6 has a central through bore in which a metal sleeve 8, closed at its free end, is mounted.
  • the steel pin 4 extends into the metal sleeve 8 with its radial projection 5 engaging the inner side of the me ⁇ tal sleeve 8 and slightly inclining the metal sleeve.
  • the steel pin 4 is shown in a position of ro- tation where the radial projection 5 is directed to the right, thus inclining the metal sleeve 8 to the right.
  • the metal sleeve 8 exe ⁇ cutes a movement of rotation, substantially describing a cone.
  • the device is shown when introduced in a cavity 9 of a bone 10 which in the contemplated ex ⁇ periment is a necrobone from cattle.
  • a bone 10 which in the contemplated ex ⁇ periment is a necrobone from cattle.
  • con ⁇ sisting of the distal part of the femur cut horizontally just above the condyles a vertical hole having a depth of about 4 cm and a diameter of about 34 mm has been drilled.
  • the interspongy fat has been removed by heating in water.
  • a PMMA bone cement mass 11 was placed after the different components had been mixed.
  • the test device was thereafter introduced in the cavity 9 by descending the metal sleeve 8 into the mass of bone cement 11 and lightly applying to the mass of bone cement 11 the rubber seal skirt portion which as appears from the drawing has substantially the same diameter as
  • the axial pressure was about 0.2 kp/cm .
  • the steel pin 4 and, thus, the metal sleeve 8 were rotated for 30 s, thereby vibrating the mass of bone cement 11, where ⁇ upon the device was removed.
  • the bone 10 was exa ⁇ mined, and it clearly appeared that the penetration of the mass of bone cement into the spongy bone was deeper and considerably more uniformly distributed than was the case when the same experiment was conducted without vibrating the mass of bone cement.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

In a method for working bone cement (11) placed in a cavity (9) of a bone (10), for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in the cavity, the bone cement (11) placed in the cavity (9) is vibrated mechanically. A device for carrying out this method has a vibrating means (8) which is adapted to vibrate the bone cement (11) placed in the cavity (9).

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR WORKING BONE CEMENT FOR FIXING A
PROSTHESIS IN A BONE
The present invention relates to a method and an ap- paratus for working bone cement placed in a cavity of a bone, for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in the cavity.
In surgical orthopedics in connection with certain joint diseases, such as arthrosis of the hip joint, the natural joint is replaced by a prosthesis of metal or plastic. The prosthesis is fixed in a cavity of the bone, for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, by means of bone cement. Bone cement is prepared by mixing two or more components with each other to form a soft curing mass. The soft mass is placed in the cavity for receiv¬ ing the prosthesis and, after curing, fixing it in the cavity. The bone cement currently used is of the poly- methyl methacrylate type (PMMA) which is prepared by mix¬ ing a powder of polymers with a liquid of monomers. The resulting mixture is caused to cure by polymerisation. To achieve efficient and durable immobilisation of the prosthesis, it is necessary that the soft mass of bone cement upon application penetrates properly and uniformly distributed into the spongy bone and that this takes place with a minimum of injury to bone tissue and blood vessels, and that the cured or polymerised bone cement has a homo¬ geneous structure. If these requirements are not fulfill¬ ed, there is an increased risk of the prosthesis coming loose. Today, reoperation after a prosthesis has loosened other than by infections, must be carried out in about 10% of the cases.
When preparing bone cement, it is difficult to avoid that air is admixed into the mass when mixing the diffe¬ rent components with each other. The presence of air bubbles in the cured or polymerised bone cement reduces its strength. US Patent Specifications 4,721,390 and 4,758,096 disclose a mixing technique in which the ad- mixture of air into the bone cement is reduced by mixing the components under vacuum. According to US Patent Speci¬ fication 4,373,217, the number of air bubbles in polyme¬ rised bone cement is reduced by subjecting the mixture to high pressure during a special phase of the polymerisa¬ tion.
The penetration of the bone cement into the spongy bone depends on how carefully the cavity, for instance a medullary canal, has been cleaned with respect to devita- lised tissue. The degree of penetration also depends on the viscosity of the cement and the pressure of applica¬ tion. The lower the viscosity of the cement is and the higher the pressure of application is, the more easily does the penetration take place. With decreasing viscosity and increasing pressure, the PMMA mass however emits a larger amount of highly volatile monomers which have been found to be cytotoxic, that is have an injurious effect on vital cells, and may therefore cause tissue injuries. The monomers may then interfere locally with the flow of blood and also give rise to intravascular hemolysis and inflam¬ matory reactions leading to ischemia, necrosis and re- sorption of bone substance. However, monomers have been found to produce not only localised injuries but also system injuries, for instance by affecting the heart and by causing fat embolism in the lungs.
Tissue injuries may also arise in other ways. To pro¬ vide room for a prosthesis, for instance in the femur, the major portion of the bone marrow is removed, which causes injuries to blood vessels and, hence, adversely affects the flow of blood with a consequent risk of ischemia and tissue death. Polymerisation of the PMMA cement takes place with emission of heat, the local temperature in¬ crease being proportional to the amount of cement used. Excessive temperature may in itself cause tissue injuries and also, the emission of injurious monomers increases with increasing temperature. The object of the present invention is to provide a method making it possible to bring about efficient and durable immobilisation of a prosthesis in a cavity by means of bone cement, while overcoming as far as possible the above-mentioned drawbacks by ensuring a thorough and uniformly distributed penetration of bone cement into the spongy bone with a minimum of injuries to bone tissue and blood vessels and a minimum of air bubbles in the bone ce¬ ment. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for working bone cement placed in a cavity of a bone, for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in the cavity, which method is characterised in that the bone cement placed in the cavity is vibrated mechanically.
By vibrating the mass of bone cement, some of the air bubbles resulting from the mixing of the components are eliminated while others are disintegrated into smaller bubbles which, to a lesser extent than the larger air bubbles, form fracture areas in the bone cement. The vi¬ brations increase the moldability and flowability of the mass of bone cement such that it can penetrate into the spongy bone more easily and in a more uniformly distri¬ buted manner. Since the penetration of the cement is faci- litated, no major pressure need be applied to the cement. By the increased moldability of the mass of bone cement, the curing or polymerisation process can proceed for a slightly longer time than was previously possible, before the mass is applied in the cavity, which makes the PMMA cement emit a reduced amount of injurious monomers in the cavity. As the polymerisation of the PMMA cement is al¬ lowed to proceed for a longer time outside the cavity, a substantial amount of the heat generated during the poly¬ merisation is already emitted before the cement comes into contact with the tissues in the cavity. The bone cement placed in the cavity can be subjected to a slight pressure while being vibrated.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for carrying out this method. According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of a device for working bone cement placed in a cavity of a bone, for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in the cavity, which device is characterised by vibrating means adapted to vi- brate the bone cement placed in the cavity.
The vibrating means suitably is adapted to execute a rotary movement.
In a preferred embodiment, the device has pressure loading means having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to that of the cavity, and adapted to be introduced in the cavity to be pressed against the bone cement placed there¬ in.
The invention will now be described in more detail- with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a part-sectional schematic view of a test device carrying out a test.
The device used in the test and schematically illu¬ strated in the drawing has a flexible shaft 1 which is connected at one end to a motor (not shown) having a speed of rotation of 16,000 rpm, and which is connected at the other end to a chuck 2 normally used in a dentist's drill¬ ing equipment. A metal tube 3 is arranged around the chuck 2. A steel pin 4 having a diameter of about 2.5 mm is in¬ serted in the chuck 2 and axially extends a certain dis- tance outside the metal tube 3. The steel pin 4 has a ra¬ dial projection 5 at its free end. A rubber seal 6 having a central portion and an annular skirt portion is fixed with its central portion to the free end of the metal tube 3 by locking screws 7. The rubber seal 6 has a central through bore in which a metal sleeve 8, closed at its free end, is mounted. The steel pin 4 extends into the metal sleeve 8 with its radial projection 5 engaging the inner side of the me¬ tal sleeve 8 and slightly inclining the metal sleeve. In the drawing, the steel pin 4 is shown in a position of ro- tation where the radial projection 5 is directed to the right, thus inclining the metal sleeve 8 to the right. When the steel pin 4 is rotating, the metal sleeve 8 exe¬ cutes a movement of rotation, substantially describing a cone. In the drawing, the device is shown when introduced in a cavity 9 of a bone 10 which in the contemplated ex¬ periment is a necrobone from cattle. In the bone 10, con¬ sisting of the distal part of the femur cut horizontally just above the condyles, a vertical hole having a depth of about 4 cm and a diameter of about 34 mm has been drilled. The interspongy fat has been removed by heating in water. In the hole, forming the cavity 9, a PMMA bone cement mass 11 was placed after the different components had been mixed. The test device was thereafter introduced in the cavity 9 by descending the metal sleeve 8 into the mass of bone cement 11 and lightly applying to the mass of bone cement 11 the rubber seal skirt portion which as appears from the drawing has substantially the same diameter as
2 the cavity 9. The axial pressure was about 0.2 kp/cm . The steel pin 4 and, thus, the metal sleeve 8 were rotated for 30 s, thereby vibrating the mass of bone cement 11, where¬ upon the device was removed.
After completed polymerisation, the bone 10 was exa¬ mined, and it clearly appeared that the penetration of the mass of bone cement into the spongy bone was deeper and considerably more uniformly distributed than was the case when the same experiment was conducted without vibrating the mass of bone cement.

Claims

1. A method for working bone cement (11) placed in a cavity (9) of a bone (10), for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in said cavi¬ ty, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the bone cement (11) placed in said cavity (9) is vibrated mechanically.
2. Method as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c t e r - i s e d in that the bone cement (11) placed in said cavi¬ ty (9) is subjected to a slight pressure while being vi¬ brated.
3. A device for working bone cement (11) placed in a cavity (9) of a bone (11), for instance in the medullary canal of the femur, for fixing a prosthesis in said cavi¬ ty, c h a r a c t e r i s e d by vibrating means (8) adapted to vibrate the bone cement (11) placed in said ca¬ vity (9).
4. Device as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r - i s e d in that the vibrating means (8) is adapted to exe¬ cute a rotary movement.
5. Device as claimed in claim 3 or 4, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i s e d by pressure loading means (6) having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to that of the cavi- ty (9), and adapted to be introduced in the cavity to be pressed against the bone cement (11) placed therein.
PCT/SE1989/000648 1988-11-11 1989-11-10 Method and apparatus for working bone cement for fixing a prosthesis in a bone WO1990004953A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8804078-7 1988-11-11
SE8804078A SE462417B (en) 1988-11-11 1988-11-11 SETTING AND DEVICE FOR WORKING BENCEMENT FOR FIXING A PROTECTION IN ONE BONE

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990004953A1 true WO1990004953A1 (en) 1990-05-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1989/000648 WO1990004953A1 (en) 1988-11-11 1989-11-10 Method and apparatus for working bone cement for fixing a prosthesis in a bone

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU4512889A (en)
SE (1) SE462417B (en)
WO (1) WO1990004953A1 (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0598964A1 (en) * 1992-11-20 1994-06-01 SULZER Medizinaltechnik AG Bone cement dispenser body for implant fixation
GB2277448A (en) * 1993-04-19 1994-11-02 Paul Albert Thodiyil Ultrasound apparatus and method for securing or removing a prosthesis
EP0628295A1 (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-12-14 ARTOS Medizinische Produkte GmbH Filling apparatus for bone cement
EP1095667A2 (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-05-02 Dunsch-Herzberg, Renate Apparatus for filling bone cement into a bone canal
WO2002074195A2 (en) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-26 Cambridge Polymer Group Inc. System and methods for reducing interfacial porosity in cements
WO2004112661A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-29 Myers Thomas H Method and apparatus for strengthening the biomechanical properties of implants
WO2006024840A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-09 University Of Dundee Surgical instrument and method for improving orthopaedic implants
US7252672B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2007-08-07 Skeletal Kinetics, Llc Use of vibration with orthopedic cements
US8118812B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2012-02-21 Skeletal Kinetics, Llc Use of vibration in composite fixation
US8382363B1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2013-02-26 Subrata Saha Automated bone cement mixer
US9707024B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2017-07-18 Skeletal Kinetics, Llc Use of vibration in composite fixation

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2104390A (en) * 1981-08-25 1983-03-09 Univ Exeter Pressurisation of cement in bones
EP0093560A2 (en) * 1982-05-03 1983-11-09 Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. Intramedullary canal seal for cement pressurization
US4787751A (en) * 1986-06-20 1988-11-29 Marinus Bakels Bone cement mixing device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2104390A (en) * 1981-08-25 1983-03-09 Univ Exeter Pressurisation of cement in bones
EP0093560A2 (en) * 1982-05-03 1983-11-09 Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. Intramedullary canal seal for cement pressurization
US4787751A (en) * 1986-06-20 1988-11-29 Marinus Bakels Bone cement mixing device

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0598964A1 (en) * 1992-11-20 1994-06-01 SULZER Medizinaltechnik AG Bone cement dispenser body for implant fixation
GB2277448A (en) * 1993-04-19 1994-11-02 Paul Albert Thodiyil Ultrasound apparatus and method for securing or removing a prosthesis
EP0628295A1 (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-12-14 ARTOS Medizinische Produkte GmbH Filling apparatus for bone cement
DE4316655C2 (en) * 1993-05-11 2003-10-30 Biomet Merck Deutschland Gmbh Filling device for bone cement
EP1095667A2 (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-05-02 Dunsch-Herzberg, Renate Apparatus for filling bone cement into a bone canal
EP1095667A3 (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-05-30 Dunsch-Herzberg, Renate Apparatus for filling bone cement into a bone canal
US6884264B2 (en) 2001-03-19 2005-04-26 Cambridge Polymer Group, Inc. System and methods for reducing interfacial porosity in cements
WO2002074195A2 (en) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-26 Cambridge Polymer Group Inc. System and methods for reducing interfacial porosity in cements
WO2002074195A3 (en) * 2001-03-19 2003-07-24 Cambridge Polymer Group Inc System and methods for reducing interfacial porosity in cements
WO2004112661A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-29 Myers Thomas H Method and apparatus for strengthening the biomechanical properties of implants
US7252672B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2007-08-07 Skeletal Kinetics, Llc Use of vibration with orthopedic cements
US7261717B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2007-08-28 Skeletal Kinetics Llc Methods and devices for delivering orthopedic cements to a target bone site
US8167889B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2012-05-01 Skeletal Kinectics, LLC Use of vibration with orthopedic cements
US9833274B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2017-12-05 Skeletal Kinetics, Llc Use of vibration with orthopedic cements
US8118812B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2012-02-21 Skeletal Kinetics, Llc Use of vibration in composite fixation
US9707024B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2017-07-18 Skeletal Kinetics, Llc Use of vibration in composite fixation
WO2006024840A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-09 University Of Dundee Surgical instrument and method for improving orthopaedic implants
US8382363B1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2013-02-26 Subrata Saha Automated bone cement mixer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8804078L (en) 1990-05-12
AU4512889A (en) 1990-05-28
SE8804078D0 (en) 1988-11-11
SE462417B (en) 1990-06-25

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