WO1990004367A1 - Prothese de valvule cardiaque - Google Patents

Prothese de valvule cardiaque Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1990004367A1
WO1990004367A1 PCT/GB1989/001227 GB8901227W WO9004367A1 WO 1990004367 A1 WO1990004367 A1 WO 1990004367A1 GB 8901227 W GB8901227 W GB 8901227W WO 9004367 A1 WO9004367 A1 WO 9004367A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
leaflets
heart valve
valve prosthesis
ring
leaflet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1989/001227
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Duncan +Di Winnard
Original Assignee
Winnard, Muriel +Hf
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Winnard, Muriel +Hf filed Critical Winnard, Muriel +Hf
Publication of WO1990004367A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990004367A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2403—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with pivoting rigid closure members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2409—Support rings therefor, e.g. for connecting valves to tissue

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heart valve, or heart valve prosthesis.
  • Heat valve prostheses which comprise an occluder ring and two leaflets mounted to the ring for pivotal movement between closed and open positions.
  • the leaflets lie generally in a transverse plane, and they must turn through a considerable angle in order to open the valve.
  • the flow of blood is rendered turbulent owing either to the shape of the leaflets or to the locations which they occupy when open.
  • a heart valve prosthesis comprising an occluder ring forming a through-passage for the flow of blood and two generally planar leaflets mounted to the occluder ring for pivotting movement between a closed position and an open position, each leaflet in the closed position lying at an angle of 25°-50° to a plane containing the pivotal axes of the two leaflets, and in the open position lying at a greater angle to said plane, the pivotal axes being inset from the opposite outer edges of the two leaflets by 5-40% of the length of each leaflet.
  • each leaflet lies at substantially 85° to the plane containing the pivotal axes of the two leaflets.
  • each leaflet opens and closes between an angle of 25°-60° and an angle of e.g. 85° to the plane containing the two pivotal axes
  • advantage is taken of the fact that the change in the cross-sectional area of the flow passage per degree of rotation of the leaflet is relatively large throughout the opening and closing movement.
  • the leaflets therefore open and close very quickly.
  • each leaflet lies at an angle of substantially 45° to the plane containing the two pivotal axes.
  • the pivotal axes are inset from the opposite outer edges of the two leaflets, so as effectively to increase the span of the respective hinges and reduce the freedom of the leaflets to rock about these.
  • the amount of inset is relatively small so that the leaflets are positioned close to opposite peripheral portions of the ring when in the open position, thus minimising the obstruction which the leaflets present to the flow of blood.
  • the pivotal axis of each leaflet is inset from its outer edge by 10-20% (most preferably 15%) of the length of the leaflet.
  • the occluder ring may comprise two identical half-rings which are brought together in order to mount the two leaflets pivotally therebetween: the mating surfaces of the two half- rings are then bonded together.
  • the hinge of each leaflet may comprise integral pins projecting from the leaflet (or from the ring) and received in sockets in the ring (or in the leaflet).
  • the ring may be provided with inserts formed with the hinge sockets (or pins), in which case the occluder ring may be formed in one piece.
  • FIGURE 1 is an isometric view of a heart valve prosthesis in accordance with the invention shown closed;
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-section through the heart valve prosthesis shown closed
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross-section through the heart valve prosthesis shown fully open
  • FIGURE 4 is a side view of the occluder ring of an example of valve in which socket bearing inserts are bonded int bores provided in the ring;
  • FIGURE 5 gives a plan view and an end view of such bearing insert
  • FIGURE 6 is a plan view of a leaflet for the valve o Figure 4.
  • a bileaflet heart valve prosthesis which comprises a occluder ring 10 and two leaflets 12,12 pivotally mounted to th ring.
  • Each leaflet is substantially planar and its pivotal axi 14 is inset by a distance d from its outer edges 16 by 10-20 (preferably 15%) of the length 1 of the leaflet from its outer edge 16 to its inner edge 18.
  • the pivotal axes 14,14 of the tw leaflets lie in a median plane of the occluder ring.
  • each leaflet 12,12 lies at a angle of 25-60° (preferably 45° as in the example shown) to the plane containing the axes of the two leaflets.
  • each leaflet is substantially one half of an ellipse, with the inner edge 18 of the leaflet being straight and corresponding to the minor axis of the ellipse.
  • the straight, inner edges 18,18 of the two leaflets seat against rim portions 20,20;22,22 of the ring.
  • the rim portions 20,20 project from the ring in the downstream direction of blood flow, whilst the rim portions 22,22 project from the ring in the opposite direction, the cross-sections of these seating rims being formed to provide sealing edges.
  • each leaflet 12,12 lies at an angle of substantially 85° to the plane containing the axes 14,14 of the two leaflets, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the heart valve opens and closes very quickly, the leaflets in the example shown moving through only 40° between their 45° closed position and their 85° open position, and acted upon through a relatively large leaflet area whose centre of pressure is substantial upstream of the leaflet axis.
  • the leaflets In the closed position, the leaflets seat against the rim portions 20,20;22,22 of the occluder ring and seal the valve in an effective manner against the formed sealing edges.
  • the leaflets In the open position, the leaflets present little obstruction to the flow of blood because they lie nearly parallel to the direction of flow and because they are positioned close to opposite peripheral portions of the ring rather than towards the centre of the ring. Further the smooth surfaces of. the leaflets and of the inner periphery of the occluder ring ensure that the blood flow through the heart valve is relatively free of turbulence.
  • the leaflets are still sufficiently spaced from those peripheries so that, when the leaflets are opening or closing, any turbulence in the blood flow between the leaflets and the opposite peripheries of the ring is minimised. Because the leaflets close rapidly and seat on formed sealing edges, there is little return flow of the blood (or reflux flow) during the closure movement and after closure there is little regurgitation between the leaflets and the sealing edges on the occluder ring.
  • the occluder ring may comprise two identical half rings which are brought together to mount the two leaflets pivotally therebetween, and then their mating surfaces are bonded.
  • the two half-rings may be moulded from polycrystalline alumina. In this case the mating surfaces are polished to an optical finish before the two half-rings are brought together, and then these surfaces are bonded by an optical contact thermo-diffusion bonding technique. This produces a very strong bond.
  • the occluder ring may instead be formed by milling from titanium.
  • the leaflets may be formed of polycrystalline alumina or of single crystal alumina, in which case the occluder ring may have bearing inserts of either of the latter materials.
  • Figures 4 to 6 show a valve in which the occluder ring 40 is formed with circular bores 42 which receive bearing inserts 44 preferably bonded to the occluder ring by thermo-diffusion bonding.
  • the inserts 44 are formed with bearing sockets 46 which receive pivot pins 48 formed on the leaflets 50 ( Figure 6) by cutting notches 52 into the edges of the leaflets.
  • the occluder ring may be formed in one piece.
  • the materials specified above are all substantially biologically inert and exhibit a high Young's modulus and a high transf lexural strength. They are furthermore very hard and so extremely resistant to wear and can be polished to a very high finish.
  • the outer surface of the occluder ring may be formed with only one retaining lip for the location and retention of the sewing ring, in this case the corresponding lip may comprise a separate ring of high tensile strength metal (e.g. stellite), having an interference fit with the occluder ring and having the sewing ring connected to it.
  • This separate ring is preferably contracted about the occluder ring and so relies upon the high compressive strength of the material of which the occluder ring is made.
  • the separate ring not only serves to attach the sewing ring to the occluder ring but also acts as a reinforcement for the occluder ring.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

Prothèse de valvule cardiaque comprenant un anneau d'obstruction (10) et deux feuillets (12, 12) de surface plane qui pivotent entre une position fermée, où ils se trouvent à un angle de 25° à 60° (de préférence 45°) par rapport à la surface plane qui contient leurs axes de pivotement (14, 14) et une position ouverte, où ils se trouvent à un angle plus grand (de préférence 85°) par rapport à ladite surface plane. Les feuillets peuvent ainsi s'ouvrir et se refermer rapidement. Afin de ne pas obstruer le centre de la valvule lorsqu'elle est ouverte, les axes de pivotements (14, 14) sont placés légèrement en retrait des bords extérieurs (16, 16) des feuillets. L'anneau d'obstruction peut être fabriqué en aluminium polycristallin ou en titane, et les feuillets en aluminium polycristallin ou monocristallin, tous ces matériaux étant essentiellement inertes du point de vue biologique, et présentant une grande solidité mécanique et une résistance à l'usure.
PCT/GB1989/001227 1988-10-20 1989-10-17 Prothese de valvule cardiaque WO1990004367A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB888824608A GB8824608D0 (en) 1988-10-20 1988-10-20 Heart valve
GB8824608.7 1988-10-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990004367A1 true WO1990004367A1 (fr) 1990-05-03

Family

ID=10645524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1989/001227 WO1990004367A1 (fr) 1988-10-20 1989-10-17 Prothese de valvule cardiaque

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4422389A (fr)
GB (1) GB8824608D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990004367A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992002197A1 (fr) * 1990-08-09 1992-02-20 Christian Olin Prothese des valvules du c×ur
WO1993013732A1 (fr) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-22 Kukolnikov Vladimir Konstantin Prothese de valvule cardiaque
DE19529388A1 (de) * 1995-08-10 1996-01-18 Max Speckhart Künstliche Herzklappe als Ersatz für eine unheilbare Mitral- oder Trikuspidalklappe
WO1996036299A1 (fr) * 1995-05-16 1996-11-21 Medical Carbon Research Institute, L.L.C. Valvule cardiaque prothetique
WO1998006358A1 (fr) * 1996-08-12 1998-02-19 Demetrio Bicer Prothese de valvule comportant deux valves incurvees et une ouverture centrale

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4276658A (en) * 1977-11-02 1981-07-07 St. Jude Medical, Inc. Heart valve prosthesis
USRE31040E (en) * 1975-04-24 1982-09-28 St. Jude Medical, Inc. Heart valve prosthesis

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE31040E (en) * 1975-04-24 1982-09-28 St. Jude Medical, Inc. Heart valve prosthesis
US4276658A (en) * 1977-11-02 1981-07-07 St. Jude Medical, Inc. Heart valve prosthesis

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992002197A1 (fr) * 1990-08-09 1992-02-20 Christian Olin Prothese des valvules du c×ur
WO1993013732A1 (fr) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-22 Kukolnikov Vladimir Konstantin Prothese de valvule cardiaque
US5405382A (en) * 1992-01-13 1995-04-11 Kukolnikov; Vladimir K. Cardiac valve prosthesis
WO1996036299A1 (fr) * 1995-05-16 1996-11-21 Medical Carbon Research Institute, L.L.C. Valvule cardiaque prothetique
EP1338255A1 (fr) * 1995-05-16 2003-08-27 Valve Special Purpose Co.,LLC. Valvule cardiaque prothétique
DE19529388A1 (de) * 1995-08-10 1996-01-18 Max Speckhart Künstliche Herzklappe als Ersatz für eine unheilbare Mitral- oder Trikuspidalklappe
WO1998006358A1 (fr) * 1996-08-12 1998-02-19 Demetrio Bicer Prothese de valvule comportant deux valves incurvees et une ouverture centrale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8824608D0 (en) 1988-11-23
AU4422389A (en) 1990-05-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5108425A (en) Low turbulence heart valve
CA1163753A (fr) Valvule cardiaque avec obturateur a pivot
US5628792A (en) Cardiac valve with recessed valve flap hinges
EP1011539B1 (fr) Prothese de valvule comportant deux valves incurvees et une ouverture centrale
US5314467A (en) Composite curvature bileaflet prosthetic heart valve with serpentine curve hinge recesses
US4178639A (en) Two-leaflet heart valve
CA1296842C (fr) Valvule cardiaque prothetique
US6051022A (en) Bileaflet valve having non-parallel pivot axes
EP1237510B1 (fr) Valvule cardiaque
EP0632711B1 (fr) Valvule cardiaque artificielle
CA1066853A (fr) Valvule cardiaque a opercule en forme d'arc
EP1946724A1 (fr) Prothese de valvule cardiaque
US3476143A (en) Pivoting disc heart valve
US4863458A (en) Heart valve prosthesis having configured leaflets and mounting ears
CA2089081C (fr) Prothese de valvule cardiaque
US5116366A (en) Prosthetic heart valve
US4808180A (en) Prosthetic heart valve
US5207707A (en) Tri-leaflet all carbon heart valve
US5123920A (en) Prosthetic heart valve
US5152785A (en) Prosthetic heart valve
US5078738A (en) Artificial cardiac valve
WO1990004367A1 (fr) Prothese de valvule cardiaque
US5116367A (en) Prosthetic heart valve
US5178631A (en) Bi-leaflet heart valve prosthesis with shared pivot recess
US5861030A (en) Bileaflet mechanical heart valve having arrowhead slot hinge configuration

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU GB JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LU NL SE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1989911837

Country of ref document: EP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1989911837

Country of ref document: EP