WO1990003298A1 - Vehicule a trois roues ameliore pour les loisirs et le sport en general - Google Patents

Vehicule a trois roues ameliore pour les loisirs et le sport en general Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990003298A1
WO1990003298A1 PCT/EP1989/001066 EP8901066W WO9003298A1 WO 1990003298 A1 WO1990003298 A1 WO 1990003298A1 EP 8901066 W EP8901066 W EP 8901066W WO 9003298 A1 WO9003298 A1 WO 9003298A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheeler
vehicle
wheel
top cover
chassis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1989/001066
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Carlo Lamattina
Original Assignee
Carlo Lamattina
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carlo Lamattina filed Critical Carlo Lamattina
Priority to BR898907667A priority Critical patent/BR8907667A/pt
Publication of WO1990003298A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990003298A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D61/00—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern
    • B62D61/06—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with only three wheels
    • B62D61/065—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with only three wheels with single rear wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-wheeler characterized in that it has two front directional wheels, and a rear driving wheel.
  • the driving wheel is connected with the engine through a single-arm swinging fork, and the motion transmission is of the chain-transmission or of the shaft-transmission type.
  • All of the three wheels have an independent suspension with shock absorbers.
  • the veh i c l e is endowed with a considerably high transversal and Longitudinal stability, which is provided by the particular value of the ratio of its base wheel value to its track value, the arrangement of its seats, its particular rear suspension, with particular reference to the installation of an engine of motor-cycle type, and is furthermore equipped with reverse gear, installed on one of its front wheels.
  • the purpose of the improved vehicle proposed by the present invention is precisely of getting rid of all of the above said drawbacks, with a vehicle being provided which is fast, safe, and, above all, stable even at high speeds.
  • the difficulty due to the unfavourable ratio of the value of the base wheel to the value of the track is favourably solved; several tests demonstrated that the base wheel should be equal to the product of the track (mm) multiplied by 1.50-1.80, preferably by 1.70.
  • This coefficient which is fixed, causes the values of the base wheel and of the track to proportionally vary as a function of the dimensions of the vehicle.
  • the result is a high transversal and directional stability at high speeds.
  • the rear wheel is installed in a shifted position relatively to the middle axis of the vehicle:
  • the suspension is a single-arm suspension the rear wheel has to be shifted by a certain distance towards the vehicle side on which the asymmetrical weight is Larger, above all towards the engine and a car wheel having a large cross-section surface-area is adopted, in order to achieve a better grip on ground surface.
  • the arrangement of the seats, which are installed in tandem arrangement along the middle axis of the vehicle increases the transversal stability, while simultaneously lowering the rolling centre.
  • the front suspensions are of the type with upper and lower triangle arms and central spring-shock absorber.
  • the rear suspension is accomplished with a shaft transmission with two shock absorbers in a particular position in order to prevent the rear wheel from bouncing during the acceleration step.
  • the main shock absorber has to be positioned vertically, and the second shock absorber has to be positioned horizontally, with both of them being hinged onto an "L"-shaped rocker lever which rotates according to the forces it is submitted to.
  • the main shock absorber When the vehicle is traveling, the main shock absorber is used for springing purposes, operates under compression, and, during such a funtion, the second shock absorber is not active.
  • the main shock absorber When the vehicle is starting, or under the acceleration conditions, the main shock absorber extends owing to the action of the shaft transmission; when said main shock absorber reaches its stroke end, causes the "L"-shaped rocker lever to rotate towards the secondary shock absorber which, by operating under compression conditions, compensates for the stiffness of the first shock absorber, thus preventing the driving wheel from undergoing bouncing.
  • the reverse gear essential in a three-wheeler, is obtained by means of a chain transmission.
  • An electrical motor provided with a sprocket gear transmits the motion, through a chain, to a sprocket wheel keyed onto an axle. shaft.
  • Said transmission axle shaft equipped with a constant-velocity universal joint, is fastened to a directional front wheel.
  • An electromechan ⁇ cal device enables the electrical motor to operate and to transmit the motion to the wheel only when the main engine is idling.
  • Said electrical motor also acts as the parking brake, because, by means of a relevant control means, it can be blocked.
  • the top cover the three-wheeler is equipped with o
  • a mechanical device makes it possible said top cover to be totally disengaged also at its hinge side, in order to enable the vehicle passenger(s) to easily abandon the vehicle in case of a vehicle overturning or of an accident.
  • Said dev i ce can be controlled from the interior of the vehicle, and from the outside by means of a lever.
  • the vehicle is furthermore equipped with a front bonnet and with a rear bonnet, which can be overturned against the traveling direction.
  • the front bonnet is provided with a front opening for cooling air inlet.
  • Air after passing through the radiator, outflows to the atmosphere through a purposely provided central opening, having a baffle-shaped edge, before the vehicle wiridscreen.
  • Figure 1 shows the vehicle complete with the main components of its bodywork.
  • Figure 2 shows the direction of over t ur n i ng of the front bonnet and of the rear bonnet.
  • Figure 3 shows the path along which the cooling air flows.
  • Figure 4 shows the structure of vehicle chassis.
  • Figure 5 shows the operating mechanism of the reverse gear.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show the kinematic system for rear suspension operation.
  • Figure 6 shows the three-wheels support base of the three-wheeler and the relevant system of calculation of the base wheel/track ratio.
  • Bonnets (2) and (4) are overturning forwards, against the traveling direction, and are hinged in (7) and (8).
  • the cooling of the radiator is obtained by means of air entering through the front air inlet (7) provided in the bumper (1), and leaving through the air outlet (6) provided in the front bonnet before the windscreen, with the front edge of said air outlet being so shaped as to act as a baffle.
  • the construction material is metal section bar, with different cross-section surface-areas.
  • the reverse gear transmission system is composed by an electrical motor B fastened onto a motor support A.
  • the electrical motor B transmits the motion, through chain C, to the shaft E equipped with a constant-velocity universal joint D, through a sprocket gear F.
  • the shaft E is fastened to the chassis by means of the floating bearing G in order to enable the springing of the wheel to take place.
  • FIG. 4 Figure B, the kinematic system for shock absorbing of the rear suspension is shown.
  • the rear suspension consists of a plurality of elements, which operate as follows.
  • the rocker lever H In resting position, the rocker lever H is parallel to ground and is spaced apart from the suspension arm by a distance fl, which distance is controlled by means of the adjustable stop support L.
  • Said rocker lever H is hinged in the fixed point E to the swinging arm.
  • the main shock absorber C is under compression conditions, and the secondary shock absorber D is in neutral position, with Length N.
  • shock absorbers are respectively fastened at their ends in the points G and F, integral with the chassis, and the distance of the chassis from ground is B, directed downwards.
  • the chassis tends to lift, with distance B increasing, and with the shock abso-rber C being caused to extend to its maximum length.
  • the rocker lever H When this occurs, the rocker lever H is caused to rotate upwards by a value A', and, by mechanical reaction, it compr e s s e s the shock absorber D, which gradually compensates for the extension of the shock absorber C.
  • the calculation of the distance between the front wheels -- i.e., the track -- and of the distance between the front wheels and the rear wheel -- i.e., the wheel base -- is important.
  • the centre of the rear wheel should be shifted by the distance "X" in the same direction as of the excess weight.
  • Said lock is provided with a handle L installed inside the interior of the vehicle, and with an external handle H installed outside the vehicle. When said handles are rotated, they cause a l ock pin F to enter the bore of the support G integral with the top cover, which is hence locked.
  • the vehicle is furthermore provided with a rapid-release safety lock, installed on the side opposite to the opening side.
  • Said safety lock is equipped with two handles, i.e., an inner handle (A) and an external handle (B).
  • Said Lock controls two rods (C) and (E), which lock the supports of the hinges around which the top cover rotates (D).
  • Said supports are fastened to the chassis and at their lower side they are locked by the rods (C) and (E).
  • the top cover is hinged onto the upper side of said supports by means of the pins (M).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Le véhicule à trois roues décrit, qui comprend deux roues avant servant de roues de direction et une roue arrière servant de roue motrice, se caractérise par une stabilité transversale et longitudinale considérablement élevée grâce au rapport particulier entre ses valeurs d'empattement et d'écartement, grâce à la disposition de son siège et grâce à sa suspension arrière, le véhicule étant en outre équipé d'un système de marche arrière monté sur l'une de ses roues avant.
PCT/EP1989/001066 1988-09-21 1989-09-13 Vehicule a trois roues ameliore pour les loisirs et le sport en general WO1990003298A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR898907667A BR8907667A (pt) 1988-09-21 1989-09-13 Triciclo aperfeicoado para uso em geral turistico e esportivo

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8809513U IT218057Z2 (it) 1988-09-21 1988-09-21 Veicolo perfezionato a tre ruote per uso turistico, sportivo in genere.
IT9513B/88 1988-09-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990003298A1 true WO1990003298A1 (fr) 1990-04-05

Family

ID=11131378

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1989/001066 WO1990003298A1 (fr) 1988-09-21 1989-09-13 Vehicule a trois roues ameliore pour les loisirs et le sport en general

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0435891A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04502133A (fr)
BR (1) BR8907667A (fr)
IT (1) IT218057Z2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990003298A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5343973A (en) * 1989-06-23 1994-09-06 Willi Lanker Lightweight electric vehicle
WO2017139735A1 (fr) * 2016-02-12 2017-08-17 Polaris Industries Inc Véhicule à trois roues

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE645399C (de) * 1934-11-19 1937-05-26 Paul Anna Charles Francois Van Motordreirad
GB728401A (en) * 1951-11-12 1955-04-20 Apollinare Mercuriali Improvements in or relating to shock absorbing device for the suspension of vehicles
EP0124372A2 (fr) * 1983-04-28 1984-11-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Véhicule automobile à trois roues
US4506755A (en) * 1981-12-11 1985-03-26 Honda Motor Co Ltd Rear suspension system for motorcycles
FR2569647A1 (fr) * 1983-03-21 1986-03-07 Ethier Pierre Vehicule a trois roues avec conducteur et passager rapproches
WO1987002951A1 (fr) * 1985-11-15 1987-05-21 Phillip Ronald James Vehicule a inclinaison auto-stabilisante

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE645399C (de) * 1934-11-19 1937-05-26 Paul Anna Charles Francois Van Motordreirad
GB728401A (en) * 1951-11-12 1955-04-20 Apollinare Mercuriali Improvements in or relating to shock absorbing device for the suspension of vehicles
US4506755A (en) * 1981-12-11 1985-03-26 Honda Motor Co Ltd Rear suspension system for motorcycles
FR2569647A1 (fr) * 1983-03-21 1986-03-07 Ethier Pierre Vehicule a trois roues avec conducteur et passager rapproches
EP0124372A2 (fr) * 1983-04-28 1984-11-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Véhicule automobile à trois roues
WO1987002951A1 (fr) * 1985-11-15 1987-05-21 Phillip Ronald James Vehicule a inclinaison auto-stabilisante

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5343973A (en) * 1989-06-23 1994-09-06 Willi Lanker Lightweight electric vehicle
WO2017139735A1 (fr) * 2016-02-12 2017-08-17 Polaris Industries Inc Véhicule à trois roues
US9771116B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2017-09-26 Polaris Industries Inc. Three wheeled vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0435891A1 (fr) 1991-07-10
JPH04502133A (ja) 1992-04-16
IT8809513V0 (it) 1988-09-21
IT218057Z2 (it) 1992-03-30
BR8907667A (pt) 1991-07-30

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