WO1990003086A1 - Apparatus for reproduction of stereoscopic images - Google Patents

Apparatus for reproduction of stereoscopic images Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1990003086A1
WO1990003086A1 PCT/NO1989/000092 NO8900092W WO9003086A1 WO 1990003086 A1 WO1990003086 A1 WO 1990003086A1 NO 8900092 W NO8900092 W NO 8900092W WO 9003086 A1 WO9003086 A1 WO 9003086A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separation unit
display unit
right eye
display
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1989/000092
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Arnvid Sakariassen
Magne Sakariassen
Original Assignee
Arnvid Sakariassen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arnvid Sakariassen filed Critical Arnvid Sakariassen
Publication of WO1990003086A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990003086A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
    • H04N13/334—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using spectral multiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
    • H04N13/337—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using polarisation multiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
    • H04N13/341—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using temporal multiplexing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for reproduction of stereoscopic image pairs in colour or black and white, wherein the left and right eye image are displayed sequen ⁇ tially or simultaneously on the same image display area and wherein each viewer's left and right eye receives its own intended image.
  • sequential display the left and right eye image are displayed alternately on the same image display area.
  • simultaneous display the left and right eye image are shown at the same time on the same image display area.
  • the display of the apparatus may for instance be a video monitor, a television receiver or a slide projector with built-in screen.
  • the special spectacles can be of two different types, either so- called passive or active.
  • Passive spectacles based on for instance the complementary colour principle are used a.o. in connection with television display of traditional stereoscopic pictures for black and white reproduction.
  • Passive spectacles based on the polari ⁇ zation principle for reproduction in colours are a.o. used when using Tektronix 1 monitor 4126, cf. the feature "Stereo Display Adds New Dimension to Computer Graphics" in Tekniques, vol. 10, No. 3, 1987.
  • Said monitor has an active screen system and a timer which by the sequential display of the left and right eye images, respectively, polarizes the light for these differently and in relation to the passive spectacles which are used. See also US patent 4 281 341.
  • the display unit will, however, reproduce the left and right eye image on the same image display area with different polarization, without an active screen system.
  • Such systems usually presuppose that the display unit includes two monitors and a mirror system which displays the pictures on the same image display area.
  • Passive spectacles are also used by projection of stereoscopic pictures in stereo-projectors with built-in screen. In these cases the images are usually projected with different polarization against the back of the screen, which in this case is transparent and retains the polarization direction.
  • Such screens for back projection are supplied i.a. by the German company Dawako Screen GmbH.
  • the need of using special spectacles is avoided.
  • the use of such special spectacles is looked upon as uncom ortable, unpractical and also unhygienic when the same pair of spectacles in turn is used by different persons. Furthermore, they are easily subjected to finger stains and the like, which reduces the quality of the stereoscopic image repro- duction considerably.
  • the apparatus may i.a. be placed near an exhibition window, for instance in connection with advertising, in order that the viewers from the outside of the window may see the stereo ⁇ scopic image reproduction directly without being compelled to procure special spectacles.
  • a viewing device with one or more fields containing a separation unit for the images which a viewer or several viewers, respectively, simultaneously may be looking through.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 of the drawing show an illu ⁇ stration of an apparatus according to the invention, seen from above and in perspective, resp. , for use by a viewer 13.
  • the apparatus 1 has a display unit 2 with a adjunct image display area 3.
  • a viewing device 4 is mounted, with a field 5 wherein a separation unit 6 has been provided, in order to separate the left and right eye image, resp. from each other, and wherethrough the viewer directly may perceive the stereoscopic effect.
  • FIG. 4 on the drawing show an illustration of an apparatus according to the invention, seen respectively from above and in perspec ⁇ tive, for use by three viewers simultaneously.
  • the apparatus 1 has a display unit 2 with adjoining image display area 3.
  • a viewing device 4 is mounted having three fields 5 wherein a separation unit 6 has been provided in order to separate respectively the left and right eye image from each other and wherethrough the viewers directly may perceive the stereoscopic effect.
  • Said separation unit(s) comprises a polarization filter wherein the left and right half or portion of the polari ⁇ zation filter polarizes the light from said display unit differently, corresponding to the polarization of the light of the left and right eye image from the display unit.
  • Fig. 5 of the drawing shows such a separation unit 6 comprising a polarization filter 7, 8 where respectively the left half or portion 7 or right half or portion 8 of the filter polarizes the light differently, corresponding to the different polarization of the light alternately for the left and right eye image from the display unit.
  • the polarization may for instance be linear or circular. Further details concerning the polarization method are not given or disclosed herein, since the method is taken to be well known through earlier systems which presuppose the use of special spectacles with polarization filters (cf. for instance the above cited methods) .
  • such a separation unit may comprise of a filter wherein the left and right half or portion of the filter for instance has complementary colours, corresponding to the colours of the images of the display unit.
  • Fig. 6 of the drawing shows an illustration of such a separation unit 6 consisting of a filter 9, 10 with comple ⁇ mentary colours for reproduction of stereoscopic images in black and white, wherein for instance the colour of the left half or portion 9 is red and the colour of the right half or portion 10 of the filter is green. In this case the left and right eye image may appear sequentially or simultaneously on the said display unit. Further details concerning the comple ⁇ mentary colour method are not given or disclosed herein, since this method is supposed to be well known through systems which presuppose the use of special spectacles with filters having complementary colours (cf. for instance the above cited methods) .
  • FIG. 7 of the drawing shows an illustration of such a separation unit 6 consisting of a liquid crystal shutter device 11, 12 for reproduction of stereoscopic pictures in colours or black and white with respectively a left half or portion 11 and a right half or portion 12 which opens and closes every second time.
  • a synchronizing unit with possible cables between the shutter unit(s) and the display unit is used.
  • the distance between the image display area 3 and the separation unit 6 is such that it is ensured that the eyes do not get an unfocused image reproduction. If desired, also conventional lenses may be provided in the field 5 for focusing the pictures.
  • the viewer 13 will perceive the whole image display area 3 stereoscopically.
  • the distance a. necessary to capture the whole image display area 3 stereoscopically will, however, depend a.o. on the dimension of the image display area and the distance between this and the separation unit. With a larger viewer distance than a. from the separation unit 6, the width of the stereoscopic image field captured by the viewer 13 is correspondingly reduced.
  • this may be done e.g. by providing in the said fields, in front of and close to the separation unit, a double-sided lenticular screen.
  • Fig. 8 of the drawing shows in perspective an illustration of such a double-sided lenticular screen 14. This or corresponding optical methods are well known from the literature in the field and further details thereof are hence not given or disclosed herein.

Abstract

Apparatus (1) for reproduction of stereoscopic image pairs in colours or black and white, comprising a display unit (2), for instance a video monitor, a television set or a slide projector with a built-in picture screen, wherein the left and the right eye image are displayed sequentially or simultaneously displayed on the same picture display area (3). Close to and in front of the display unit (2) of the apparatus a viewing device (4) is provided or mounted, comprising one or more fields (5) containing a separation unit (6) which for one or more viewers (13) simultaneously give each viewer's left and right eye directly its own intended picture, without the use of special spectacles. The separation unit (6) consists of a polarization filter (7, 8), a filter (9, 10) having for instance complementary colours or a liquid crystal shutter device (11, 12). In front of and close to the separation unit (6) a double-sided lenticular screen (14) is provided.

Description

Apparatus for reproduction of stereoscopic images
The invention relates to an apparatus for reproduction of stereoscopic image pairs in colour or black and white, wherein the left and right eye image are displayed sequen¬ tially or simultaneously on the same image display area and wherein each viewer's left and right eye receives its own intended image. By sequential display the left and right eye image are displayed alternately on the same image display area. By simultaneous display the left and right eye image are shown at the same time on the same image display area.
The display of the apparatus may for instance be a video monitor, a television receiver or a slide projector with built-in screen.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned stereoscopic repro¬ duction, it has by using prior art apparatus been presupposed that the viewers, in order to separate the left and right eye image from each other, have to use special spectacles. The special spectacles can be of two different types, either so- called passive or active.
Passive spectacles based on for instance the complementary colour principle, are used a.o. in connection with television display of traditional stereoscopic pictures for black and white reproduction. Passive spectacles based on the polari¬ zation principle for reproduction in colours are a.o. used when using Tektronix1 monitor 4126, cf. the feature "Stereo Display Adds New Dimension to Computer Graphics" in Tekniques, vol. 10, No. 3, 1987. Said monitor has an active screen system and a timer which by the sequential display of the left and right eye images, respectively, polarizes the light for these differently and in relation to the passive spectacles which are used. See also US patent 4 281 341. In other known systems for reproduction in colours the display unit will, however, reproduce the left and right eye image on the same image display area with different polarization, without an active screen system. Such systems usually presuppose that the display unit includes two monitors and a mirror system which displays the pictures on the same image display area. Passive spectacles are also used by projection of stereoscopic pictures in stereo-projectors with built-in screen. In these cases the images are usually projected with different polarization against the back of the screen, which in this case is transparent and retains the polarization direction. Such screens for back projection are supplied i.a. by the German company Dawako Screen GmbH.
Active spectacles, on,the contrary, are used only when the left and light eye images are displayed sequentially on the display unit. In these cases there is a timer for the display unit which via cable or wireless conveys information to the spectacles when closing/opening of the spectacles for the left and right eye image, respectively, is to take place. As reference to such systems, for instance the paper "Three-D display for personal computers" in New Scientist 28 August 1986, "Stereoscopic Electro-Optic Shutter CRT Display - A Basic Approach" in SPIE, vol. 507, page 102-107, 1984 and "The Stereoscopic Viewing System" from Canadian Industrial Innovation Centre in The Innovation Showcase, vol. 3, No. 3, 1986, may be cited. See also US patent 4 424 529.
For the recording of sequential stereoscopic image pairs several types of apparatus are available. For stereoscopic video images reference may for instance be made to the feature "And Now, 3-D Video, page 3 in Newsweek, 25 January 1988.
With the apparatus according to the invention the need of using special spectacles is avoided. Traditionally the use of such special spectacles is looked upon as uncom ortable, unpractical and also unhygienic when the same pair of spectacles in turn is used by different persons. Furthermore, they are easily subjected to finger stains and the like, which reduces the quality of the stereoscopic image repro- duction considerably. As the apparatus according to the invention does not require the use of special spectacles, the apparatus may i.a. be placed near an exhibition window, for instance in connection with advertising, in order that the viewers from the outside of the window may see the stereo¬ scopic image reproduction directly without being compelled to procure special spectacles.
According to the invention this is achieved in that close to and in front of the display unit of the apparatus there is provided or mounted a viewing device with one or more fields containing a separation unit for the images which a viewer or several viewers, respectively, simultaneously may be looking through. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 of the drawing show an illu¬ stration of an apparatus according to the invention, seen from above and in perspective, resp. , for use by a viewer 13. The apparatus 1 has a display unit 2 with a adjunct image display area 3. To said display unit a viewing device 4 is mounted, with a field 5 wherein a separation unit 6 has been provided, in order to separate the left and right eye image, resp. from each other, and wherethrough the viewer directly may perceive the stereoscopic effect. Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 on the drawing show an illustration of an apparatus according to the invention, seen respectively from above and in perspec¬ tive, for use by three viewers simultaneously. The apparatus 1 has a display unit 2 with adjoining image display area 3. On the said display unit a viewing device 4 is mounted having three fields 5 wherein a separation unit 6 has been provided in order to separate respectively the left and right eye image from each other and wherethrough the viewers directly may perceive the stereoscopic effect.
Said separation unit(s) comprises a polarization filter wherein the left and right half or portion of the polari¬ zation filter polarizes the light from said display unit differently, corresponding to the polarization of the light of the left and right eye image from the display unit. Fig. 5 of the drawing shows such a separation unit 6 comprising a polarization filter 7, 8 where respectively the left half or portion 7 or right half or portion 8 of the filter polarizes the light differently, corresponding to the different polarization of the light alternately for the left and right eye image from the display unit. The polarization may for instance be linear or circular. Further details concerning the polarization method are not given or disclosed herein, since the method is taken to be well known through earlier systems which presuppose the use of special spectacles with polarization filters (cf. for instance the above cited methods) .
Alternatively to polarization filters such a separation unit may comprise of a filter wherein the left and right half or portion of the filter for instance has complementary colours, corresponding to the colours of the images of the display unit. Fig. 6 of the drawing shows an illustration of such a separation unit 6 consisting of a filter 9, 10 with comple¬ mentary colours for reproduction of stereoscopic images in black and white, wherein for instance the colour of the left half or portion 9 is red and the colour of the right half or portion 10 of the filter is green. In this case the left and right eye image may appear sequentially or simultaneously on the said display unit. Further details concerning the comple¬ mentary colour method are not given or disclosed herein, since this method is supposed to be well known through systems which presuppose the use of special spectacles with filters having complementary colours (cf. for instance the above cited methods) .
Another alternative to the use of polarization filters con¬ sists in a separation unit comprising a liquid crystal shutter device or the like, which every second time opens and closes the field of view in the left and the right half or portion of the field in step with the sequential display of respectively the left and right eye image in the display unit. Fig. 7 of the drawing shows an illustration of such a separation unit 6 consisting of a liquid crystal shutter device 11, 12 for reproduction of stereoscopic pictures in colours or black and white with respectively a left half or portion 11 and a right half or portion 12 which opens and closes every second time. In this case a synchronizing unit with possible cables between the shutter unit(s) and the display unit is used. Further details concerning the use of a liquid crystal shutter device are not given or disclosed herein, as this method is supposed to be well known through previous systems which presuppose the use of special spectacles with a liquid crystal shutter device or similar (cf. for instance the above cited methods) .
The distance between the image display area 3 and the separation unit 6 is such that it is ensured that the eyes do not get an unfocused image reproduction. If desired, also conventional lenses may be provided in the field 5 for focusing the pictures.
Within a given distance a. from the separation unit 6 the viewer 13 will perceive the whole image display area 3 stereoscopically. The distance a. necessary to capture the whole image display area 3 stereoscopically will, however, depend a.o. on the dimension of the image display area and the distance between this and the separation unit. With a larger viewer distance than a. from the separation unit 6, the width of the stereoscopic image field captured by the viewer 13 is correspondingly reduced.
Possibly, in order to retain the width of the stereoscopic image field at a longer viewer distance from the apparatus, without changing the image display area and the distance between this and the separation unit, this may be done e.g. by providing in the said fields, in front of and close to the separation unit, a double-sided lenticular screen. Fig. 8 of the drawing shows in perspective an illustration of such a double-sided lenticular screen 14. This or corresponding optical methods are well known from the literature in the field and further details thereof are hence not given or disclosed herein.

Claims

Patent Claims
1. Apparatus (1) for reproduction of stereoscopic image pairs in colours or black and white, comprising a display unit (2) , for instance a video monitor, a television display or a slide projector with built-in picture screen, wherein the left and right eye image are displayed sequentially or simultaneously on the same image display area (3) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that close to and in the front of the display unit (2) of the apparatus a viewing device (4) is provided or mounted, consisting of one or more fields (5) , each field containing a separation unit (6) which for one or more viewers (13) simultaneously gives each viewer's left and right eye directly its own intended image.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said separation unit (6) consists of a polarization filter (7, 8), wherein the left and the right half or part of the polarization filter polarizes the light from said display unit (2) differently, corresponding to the polarization of the light for the left and right eye image from the display unit (2) .
3. Apparatus according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said separation unit (6) consists of a filter (9, 10), wherein the left and the right half or part of the filter has for instance complementary colours, corresponding to the colours of the left and the right eye image from the display unit (2) .
4. Apparatus according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said separation unit (6) consists of a liquid crystal shutter device (11, 12) or similar, which every second time exposes or shuts the field of view in the left and the right half or part of the shutter device in step with the display of respectively the left and right eye image from the display unit (2) .
5. Apparatus according to claim 2 to 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that in front of and close to the separation unit (6) a double-sided lenticular screen (14) is provided.
PCT/NO1989/000092 1988-09-12 1989-09-11 Apparatus for reproduction of stereoscopic images WO1990003086A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO884038 1988-09-12
NO88884038A NO884038L (en) 1988-09-12 1988-09-12 APPARATUS FOR REPRESENTING Stereoscopic Images.

Publications (1)

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WO1990003086A1 true WO1990003086A1 (en) 1990-03-22

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NO (1) NO884038L (en)
WO (1) WO1990003086A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017638A1 (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-08-04 Trutan Pty Limited Method and apparatus for use in producing three-dimensional imagery
WO1998015869A1 (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-16 Tan, Helmut Projection system, in particular for three-dimensional representations on a viewing device
US6188518B1 (en) 1993-01-22 2001-02-13 Donald Lewis Maunsell Martin Method and apparatus for use in producing three-dimensional imagery
DE102004010369A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-11-24 Siemens Ag Apparatus and method for the stereoscopic reproduction of image information on a screen

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GB552582A (en) * 1941-07-11 1943-04-15 John Logie Baird Improvements in television
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DE1937202A1 (en) * 1968-07-22 1971-02-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp TV system for three-dimensional pictures
US3737567A (en) * 1971-10-25 1973-06-05 S Kratomi Stereoscopic apparatus having liquid crystal filter viewer
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017638A1 (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-08-04 Trutan Pty Limited Method and apparatus for use in producing three-dimensional imagery
US6188518B1 (en) 1993-01-22 2001-02-13 Donald Lewis Maunsell Martin Method and apparatus for use in producing three-dimensional imagery
WO1998015869A1 (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-16 Tan, Helmut Projection system, in particular for three-dimensional representations on a viewing device
US6220709B1 (en) 1996-10-09 2001-04-24 Helmut Tan Projection system, in particular for three dimensional representations on a viewing device
DE102004010369A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-11-24 Siemens Ag Apparatus and method for the stereoscopic reproduction of image information on a screen

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NO884038D0 (en) 1988-09-12
NO884038L (en) 1990-03-13
AU4313789A (en) 1990-04-02

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