WO1990002905A1 - System for monitoring the location within pipes of moving metallic cleaning devices - Google Patents

System for monitoring the location within pipes of moving metallic cleaning devices Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990002905A1
WO1990002905A1 PCT/AT1989/000080 AT8900080W WO9002905A1 WO 1990002905 A1 WO1990002905 A1 WO 1990002905A1 AT 8900080 W AT8900080 W AT 8900080W WO 9002905 A1 WO9002905 A1 WO 9002905A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
secondary coil
monitoring
coil
pipes
primary coil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT1989/000080
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Karl Heissenberger
Original Assignee
Hmi - Ing. Karl Heissenberger
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hmi - Ing. Karl Heissenberger filed Critical Hmi - Ing. Karl Heissenberger
Publication of WO1990002905A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990002905A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/03—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of several different products following one another in the same conduit, e.g. for switching from one receiving tank to another
    • F17D3/08—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of several different products following one another in the same conduit, e.g. for switching from one receiving tank to another the different products being separated by "go-devils", e.g. spheres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/26—Pigs or moles, i.e. devices movable in a pipe or conduit with or without self-contained propulsion means
    • F16L55/48—Indicating the position of the pig or mole in the pipe or conduit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for monitoring the position of metallic cleaning devices moving in pipelines, the inductance of a winding being changed when the cleaning device passes through the measuring point.
  • a rubber-coated steel ball with a wooden core is sent through the pipeline at increased pressure to prevent or dissolve a calcium carbonate plug.
  • DD-PS 37 935 generally describes a method for determining the passage of cleaning devices at certain points in pipelines.
  • this method the change in an inductance or mutual inductance during the passage of the pipe cleaning device is detected.
  • no arrangement can be found in which a primary coil and a secondary coil are applied via the pipeline and in which a change in the coupling factor between the coils is detected.
  • plastic pipes were installed in an existing pipeline at certain intervals in order to then allow a sensor to be effective in this magnetically ineffective area. Here there is a risk that the plastic tube could burst during cleaning due to the higher pressure that builds up.
  • the insertion of short pipe sections at points where the passage of the cleaning device should be determined is also provided for in the method according to DD-PS 37 935. So far, no possibilities have become known for the detection of stuck balls using electrical measuring techniques, without any intervention having to be carried out on an existing system.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known method for determining the position of cleaning devices moving in pipelines. Above all, a more economical method should be proposed with a simple arrangement.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is now essentially characterized in that a primary coil fed by a sine generator and a secondary coil are applied via the pipeline and the secondary coil is connected to an electronic evaluation device with which a change in the coupling factor between the coils is detected during the passage of the cleaning device.
  • the arrangement can be installed stationary at certain intervals above the pipeline to be monitored, or one can specifically examine those pipeline sections in which the cleaning device is probably stuck with a non-location-specific device.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings of two exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the primary coil 2 (e.g. with a number of turns of approximately 20-40 turns) is operated by a sine generator 4 with a frequency of e.g. 10 kHz fed.
  • the secondary coil 3 (e.g. with a number of turns of about 600 turns) is fed to an electronic evaluation device 5.
  • the coupling between the primary and secondary coils takes place through the pipeline 1. If a cleaning ball 6 now passes through the coil area, the coupling factor changes, ie the mutual magnetic flow is changed and at this moment the secondary coil 3 occurs Voltage change. This change is converted into a rectangular pulse in the electronic evaluation device 5.
  • the primary coil can be simulated by a ribbon cable 2.
  • the ribbon cable 2 is placed over the pipeline 1 and joined with a plug-in coupling.
  • a plug-in coupling since the pins of the plug-in coupling are soldered offset, a coil is created around the pipeline. This can be solved by simply opening the connector.
  • the secondary coil 3 is given on the middle! an E ferrite core 7 fixed.
  • the E core is fastened over the ribbon cable.
  • the ball used in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 expediently consists of a wooden core with a metal jacket surrounding it.
  • the arrangement according to the invention not only enables a metallic ball to be determined in its respective position in a tube, but also other metal objects which have penetrated into a tube can also be located.
  • the arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible to use the electronic evaluation device to detect the temperature of the tube by means of a thermal sensor which is provided in the region of the primary coil or the secondary coil. This is particularly advantageous in the case of overhead lines where there is a risk of the medium flowing in the pipe stalling.

Abstract

A system for monitoring the location within pipes of moving or stuck metallic cleaning devices has a primary coil (2) fed by a sine wave generator (4) and a secondary coil (3) that are both mounted on the pipe (1). The secondary coil (3) is connected to an electronic evaluation unit (5) by means of which changes in coupling factor between the coils (2, 3) during passage of the cleaning device (6) are detected.

Description

Anordnung zur Überwachung der Position von in Rohrleitungen bewegten metallischen ReinigungsvorrichtungenArrangement for monitoring the position of metallic cleaning devices moving in pipes
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Über¬ wachung der Position von in Rohrleitungen bewegten metallischen Reinigungsvorrichtungen, wobei bei Durch¬ gang der Reinigungsvorrichtung an der Meßstelle die Induktivität einer Wicklung verändert wird.The invention relates to an arrangement for monitoring the position of metallic cleaning devices moving in pipelines, the inductance of a winding being changed when the cleaning device passes through the measuring point.
In versc iedenen Industrieanlagen besteht die Not¬ wendigkeit, Rohrleitungen die z.B. aus Nirostastahl hergestellt wurden und in denen Stoffe unter Druck transportiert werden, zu reinigen. Eine Rei ni gungsmög- lichkeit besteht darin, eine Vorrichtung durch die Rohr¬ leitung zu treiben, um die auf der Innenseite des Rohres sich bildenden Ablagerungen zu entfernen.In various industrial plants there is a need for pipelines which e.g. made of stainless steel and in which materials are transported under pressure. One possibility of cleaning is to drive a device through the pipeline in order to remove the deposits that form on the inside of the pipe.
Rohrleitungen, in denen z.B. Kalziumkarbonat unter Druck befördert wird, werden z.B. mit Reinigungskugeln gereinigt. Eine gummi ummantel te Stahlkugel mit einem Holzkern wird mit erhöhtem Druck durch die Rohrleitung geschickt, um die Bildung eines Kalziumkarbonatpfropfens zu verhindern bzw. diesen aufzulösen.Pipes in which e.g. Calcium carbonate is transported under pressure, e.g. cleaned with cleaning balls. A rubber-coated steel ball with a wooden core is sent through the pipeline at increased pressure to prevent or dissolve a calcium carbonate plug.
Bei einem zu großen Widerstand des Pfropfens be- steht nun die Gefahr, daß diese Kugel steckenbleibt. Die Ortung der Kugel erfolgte bisher in der Weise, daß die Rohrleitungen geöffnet wurden, um auf Grund der bestehen¬ den Druckunterschiede vor und nach der Kugel die Position dieser Kugel festzustellen. Diese Detektionsmethode ist sehr zeitaufwendig, da die Rohrleitungen oft einige Kilometer lang sind und aus Rohrstücken zu 6 m bestehen. Wie die Praxis gezeigt hat, kann diese auch die Abschaltung von Maschinen erforder- l i ch machen .If the plug is too resistant, there is a danger that this ball will get stuck. The ball was previously located in such a way that the pipes were opened in order to determine the position of this ball on the basis of the existing pressure differences before and after the ball. This detection method is very time-consuming, since the pipelines are often a few kilometers long and consist of pipe sections of 6 m. As practice has shown, this can also require machine shutdown. I do it.
Aus der US-PS 3 219 050 ist ein Steuersystem für eine Rohrleitung, enthaltend eine Vielzahl von Abzweigun¬ gen, bekannt. Bei diesem System wird das Loslassen und das Auffangen des Kratzeisens (engl . : scraper), das anpassungs¬ fähig und kugelförmig sein kann, als Mittel zur Über¬ prüfung der Rohrle tungen, durch welche die Flüssigkeit fließt, angewendet. Der Durchgang des Kratzeisens durch eine Rohrleitung wird durch Mittel erfaßt, die einen mechanischen Schalter mit Federantrieb enthalten können. Die Möglichkeit der induktiven Erfassung der Position des Kratzeisens in der Rohrleitung kann dieser Patentschrift nicht entnommen werden.From US Pat. No. 3,219,050, a control system for a pipeline containing a plurality of branches is known. In this system, letting go and catching the scraper, which can be adaptable and spherical, is used as a means for checking the pipelines through which the liquid flows. The passage of the scraping iron through a pipeline is detected by means which can include a mechanical switch with a spring drive. The possibility of inductive detection of the position of the scraper in the pipeline cannot be inferred from this patent.
In der DD-PS 37 935 ist allgemein ein Verfahren zur Feststellung des Durchganges von Reinigungsgeräten an bestimmten Stellen in Rohrleitungen beschrieben. Bei diesem Verfahren wird die Änderung einer Induktivität oder Gegeninduktivität beim Durchgang des Rohrreinigungs¬ gerätes erfaßt. Dieser Patentschrift kann jedoch keine Anordnung entnommen werden, bei welcher eine Primärspule und eine Sekundärspule über die Rohrleitung aufgebracht sind und bei welcher eine Änderung des Kopplungsfaktors zwischen den Spulen erfaßt wird. Bei einer anderen be¬ kannten Methode wurden in eine bestehende Rohrleitung in gewissen Abständen Kunststoffröhre eingebaut, um dann einen Sensor an diesem magnetisch nicht wirksamen Bereich wirksam werden zu lassen. Hier besteht die Gefahr, daß im Zuge der Reinigung durch den sich aufbauenden höheren Druck das Kunststoffröhr platzen könnte. Das Einsetzen kurzer Rohrleitungsstücke an Stellen, wo der Durchgang des Reinigungsgerätes festgestellt werden sollte, ist auch bei dem Verfahren gemäß der DD-PS 37 935 vorgesehen. Es sind also bisher keine Möglichke ten zur Feststellung steckengebliebener Kugeln unter Verwendung elektrischer Meßtechniken bekannt geworden, ohne daß an einer be¬ stehenden Anlage Eingriffe vorgenommen werden mußten. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile der bekannten Methode zur Bestimmung der Position von in Rohrleitungen bewegten Reinigungsvorrichtungen zu vermeiden. Vor allem soll mit einer einfachen Anordnung eine wirtschaftlichere Methode vorgeschlagen werden.DD-PS 37 935 generally describes a method for determining the passage of cleaning devices at certain points in pipelines. In this method, the change in an inductance or mutual inductance during the passage of the pipe cleaning device is detected. From this patent, however, no arrangement can be found in which a primary coil and a secondary coil are applied via the pipeline and in which a change in the coupling factor between the coils is detected. In another known method, plastic pipes were installed in an existing pipeline at certain intervals in order to then allow a sensor to be effective in this magnetically ineffective area. Here there is a risk that the plastic tube could burst during cleaning due to the higher pressure that builds up. The insertion of short pipe sections at points where the passage of the cleaning device should be determined is also provided for in the method according to DD-PS 37 935. So far, no possibilities have become known for the detection of stuck balls using electrical measuring techniques, without any intervention having to be carried out on an existing system. The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known method for determining the position of cleaning devices moving in pipelines. Above all, a more economical method should be proposed with a simple arrangement.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ist nun im wesent¬ lichen dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über die Rohrleitung eine von einem Sinusgenerator gespeiste Primärspule und eine Sekundärspule aufgebracht sind und die Sekundär- spule an einer elektronischen Auswerteeinrichtung ange- schlössen ist, mit welcher eine Änderung des Kopplungs¬ faktors zwischen den Spulen beim Durchgang der Reini¬ gungsvorrichtung erfaßt wird.The arrangement according to the invention is now essentially characterized in that a primary coil fed by a sine generator and a secondary coil are applied via the pipeline and the secondary coil is connected to an electronic evaluation device with which a change in the coupling factor between the coils is detected during the passage of the cleaning device.
Die Anordnung kann stationär über den zu überwa- chenden Rohrleitungsstrang in gewissen Abständen fix eingebaut werden oder man kann mit einer ortsungebunde¬ nen Einrichtung jene Rohrleitungsstücke gezielt unter¬ suchen, in denen vermutlich die Reinigungsvorrichtung steckengeblieben ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung wird nachfolgend an Hand der Zeichnungen an zwei Ausführungsbeispielen er¬ läutert, die in den Fig. 1 und 2 veranschaulicht sind.The arrangement can be installed stationary at certain intervals above the pipeline to be monitored, or one can specifically examine those pipeline sections in which the cleaning device is probably stuck with a non-location-specific device. The arrangement according to the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings of two exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein Nirostarohr 1 , über welches eine Primärspule 2 und eine Sekundärspule 3 gewickelt sind. Die Primärspule 2 (z.B. mit einer Windungszahl von zirka 20-40 Windungen) wird von einem Sinusgenerator 4 mit einer Frequenz von z.B. 10 kHz angespeist. Die Sekun¬ därspule 3 (z.B. mit einer Windungszahl von zirka 600 Windungen) wird einer elektronischen Auswerteinrichtung 5 zugeführt.1 shows a stainless steel tube 1, over which a primary coil 2 and a secondary coil 3 are wound. The primary coil 2 (e.g. with a number of turns of approximately 20-40 turns) is operated by a sine generator 4 with a frequency of e.g. 10 kHz fed. The secondary coil 3 (e.g. with a number of turns of about 600 turns) is fed to an electronic evaluation device 5.
Die Kopplung zwischen Primär- und Sekundärspule er¬ folgt durch die Rohrleitung 1. Passiert nun eine Reini¬ gungskugel 6 den Spulenbereich, so verändert sich der Kopplungsfaktor, d.h. der gerneinsame magnetische Durch- fluß wird verändert und an der Sekundärspule 3 tritt in diesem Moment eine Spannungsänderung ein. Diese Änderung wird in der elektronischen Auswerteinrichtung 5 in einen Rechteckimpuls umgewandelt.The coupling between the primary and secondary coils takes place through the pipeline 1. If a cleaning ball 6 now passes through the coil area, the coupling factor changes, ie the mutual magnetic flow is changed and at this moment the secondary coil 3 occurs Voltage change. This change is converted into a rectangular pulse in the electronic evaluation device 5.
Da es sehr schwierig ist, über bestehende Rohr¬ systeme Spulen (mit den vorhin genannten Wicklungszahlen) zu montieren, kann gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbei¬ spiel - wie in der Fig. 2 gezeigt - die Primärspule durch ein Flachbandkabel 2 nachgebildet sein.Since it is very difficult to mount coils (with the number of windings mentioned above) over existing pipe systems, according to a further exemplary embodiment - as shown in FIG. 2 - the primary coil can be simulated by a ribbon cable 2.
Das Flachbandkabel 2 wird über die Rohrleitung 1 ge¬ legt und mit einer Steckkupplung zusammengefügt. Da je- doch die Stifte der Steckkupplung versetzt angelötet sind, entsteht so eine Spule um die Rohrleitung. Diese kann durch einfaches Öffnen der Steckverbindung wieder gelöst werden.The ribbon cable 2 is placed over the pipeline 1 and joined with a plug-in coupling. However, since the pins of the plug-in coupling are soldered offset, a coil is created around the pipeline. This can be solved by simply opening the connector.
Um die Empfindl chkeit zu erhöhen, wird die Sekun- därspule 3 am Mi ttel schenke! eines E-Ferritkernes 7 fixiert. Der E-Kern wird über dem Bandkabel befestigt. Beim Durchgang der Kugel 6 ergibt sich wieder der Effekt der Spannungsänderung in der Sekundärspule 3.In order to increase the sensitivity, the secondary coil 3 is given on the middle! an E ferrite core 7 fixed. The E core is fastened over the ribbon cable. When the ball 6 passes through, the effect of the voltage change in the secondary coil 3 again results.
Die in den Ausfuhrungsbeispielen gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 verwendete Kugel besteht zweckmäßigerweise aus einem Holzkern mit einem diesen umschließenden Metall¬ mantel .The ball used in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 expediently consists of a wooden core with a metal jacket surrounding it.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung kann nicht nur eine metallische Kugel in ihrer jeweiligen Position in einem Rohr festgestellt werden, sondern es können auch andere in ein Rohr eingedrungene Metal 1 gegenstände geortet werden .The arrangement according to the invention not only enables a metallic ball to be determined in its respective position in a tube, but also other metal objects which have penetrated into a tube can also be located.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ermöglicht es auch, die elektron sche Auswerteeinrichtung dazu zu benutzen, die Temperatur des Rohres mittels eines Thermofühlers , der im Bereich der Primärspule oder der Sekundärspule vorgesehen ist, zu erfassen. Dies ist insbesondere bei Freileitungen vorteilhaft, bei denen die Gefahr des Stockens des im Rohr fließenden Mediums besteht. The arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible to use the electronic evaluation device to detect the temperature of the tube by means of a thermal sensor which is provided in the region of the primary coil or the secondary coil. This is particularly advantageous in the case of overhead lines where there is a risk of the medium flowing in the pipe stalling.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
1. Anordnung zur Überwachung der Position von in Roh lei ungen bewegten bzw. steckengebliebenen metalli¬ schen Reinigungsvorrichtungen, wobei bei Durchgang der Reinigungsvorrichtung an der Meßstelle die Induktivität einer Wicklung verände t wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über die Rohrleitung (1 ) eine von einem Sinusgene¬ rator (4) gespeiste Primärspule (2) und eine Sekundär- spulε (3) aufgebracht sind und die Sekundärspule (3) an einer elektronischen Auswerteinrichtung (5) ange- schlössen ist, mit welcher eine Änderung des Kopplungs¬ faktors zwischen den Spulen (2,3) beim Durchgang der Reinigungsvorrichtung, vorzugsweise einer Kugel (6), erfaßt wird.1. Arrangement for monitoring the position of moving or stuck in Roh lei ungen metallic cleaning devices, wherein the passage of the cleaning device at the measuring point, the inductance of a winding is changed, characterized in that one of one via the pipeline (1) Sinus generator (4) powered primary coil (2) and a secondary coil (3) are applied and the secondary coil (3) is connected to an electronic evaluation device (5) with which a change in the coupling factor between the coils (2,3) during the passage of the cleaning device, preferably a ball (6), is detected.
2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Primärspule (2) die Form eines Flachbandkabels (2) aufweist, das mit einer Steckkupplung mit versetzt ange¬ löteten Stiften zusammengefügt wird und daß die Sekundär¬ spule (3) am Mittelschenkel eines Ferritkernes (7) fixiert ist, der über dem Bandkabel (2) befestigt ist (Fig. 2) . 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary coil (2) has the form of a ribbon cable (2) which is assembled with a plug-in coupling with offset soldered pins and that the secondary coil (3) on the middle leg of a ferrite core (7) is fixed, which is fixed over the ribbon cable (2) (Fig. 2).
3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß im Bereich der Primärspule (2) oder der Sekundärspule (3) ein Thermofühler vorgesehen ist, dessen Ausgangsinformation bevorzugt an die elektronische Auswerte¬ einrichtung (5) weitergeleitet wird. 3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that in the region of the primary coil (2) or the secondary coil (3) a thermal sensor is provided, the output information is preferably forwarded to the electronic evaluation device (5).
PCT/AT1989/000080 1988-09-07 1989-09-06 System for monitoring the location within pipes of moving metallic cleaning devices WO1990002905A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA2195/88 1988-09-07
AT0219588A AT390391B (en) 1988-09-07 1988-09-07 ARRANGEMENT FOR MONITORING THE POSITION OF METAL CLEANING DEVICES MOVED IN PIPELINES

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990002905A1 true WO1990002905A1 (en) 1990-03-22

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PCT/AT1989/000080 WO1990002905A1 (en) 1988-09-07 1989-09-06 System for monitoring the location within pipes of moving metallic cleaning devices

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EP (1) EP0383893A1 (en)
AT (1) AT390391B (en)
AU (1) AU4202889A (en)
ES (1) ES2016729A6 (en)
WO (1) WO1990002905A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3332639A (en) * 1965-11-05 1967-07-25 Powers Regulator Co Control circuit
DE2525937A1 (en) * 1975-06-11 1976-12-23 Hiss Eckart Recognition device for magnetically transported pipeline pig - has external coil attachment around pipeline being cleaned to sense magnet in pig
DE3205048A1 (en) * 1982-02-12 1983-08-25 Werner Dipl.-Ing. 8000 München Kraus Field coil for magnetic field therapy according to Kraus-Lechner
DE3529967A1 (en) * 1985-08-22 1987-02-26 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Detector arrangement for Rohrpost (pneumatic-tube post) systems

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD37935A (en) *
US3219050A (en) * 1961-12-22 1965-11-23 Exxon Research Engineering Co Control system for a pipeline having a plurality of branches

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3332639A (en) * 1965-11-05 1967-07-25 Powers Regulator Co Control circuit
DE2525937A1 (en) * 1975-06-11 1976-12-23 Hiss Eckart Recognition device for magnetically transported pipeline pig - has external coil attachment around pipeline being cleaned to sense magnet in pig
DE3205048A1 (en) * 1982-02-12 1983-08-25 Werner Dipl.-Ing. 8000 München Kraus Field coil for magnetic field therapy according to Kraus-Lechner
DE3529967A1 (en) * 1985-08-22 1987-02-26 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Detector arrangement for Rohrpost (pneumatic-tube post) systems

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 7, Nr. 154 (E-185)(1299), 6. Juli 1983; & JP-A-5864002 (Matsushita Denko K.K.) 16. April 1983 *

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ATA219588A (en) 1989-10-15
AT390391B (en) 1990-04-25
EP0383893A1 (en) 1990-08-29
ES2016729A6 (en) 1990-11-16
AU4202889A (en) 1990-04-02

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