WO1990002054A1 - Decoration of substrates - Google Patents

Decoration of substrates Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990002054A1
WO1990002054A1 PCT/GB1989/000980 GB8900980W WO9002054A1 WO 1990002054 A1 WO1990002054 A1 WO 1990002054A1 GB 8900980 W GB8900980 W GB 8900980W WO 9002054 A1 WO9002054 A1 WO 9002054A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
substrate
binder
thermochromic
substances
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1989/000980
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter John Willmore
Original Assignee
Peter John Willmore
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peter John Willmore filed Critical Peter John Willmore
Priority to KR1019900700825A priority Critical patent/KR900701557A/en
Publication of WO1990002054A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990002054A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/50—Sympathetic, colour changing or similar inks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
    • B44F1/08—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects characterised by colour effects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
    • C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
    • C09K19/542—Macromolecular compounds
    • C09K19/544—Macromolecular compounds as dispersing or encapsulating medium around the liquid crystal
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/12—Processes in which the treating agent is incorporated in microcapsules
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/004—Dyeing with phototropic dyes; Obtaining camouflage effects
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/0096—Multicolour dyeing

Definitions

  • This invention concerns the decoration of substrates particularly but not exclusively fibres and fabrics.
  • thermochromic substances i.e. substances which change colour with changes in temperature.
  • Such substances have been incorporated in resins and applied to a variety of substrates but so far attempts to apply such to fabrics have been unsatisfactory largely due to the poor handle or feel of the resultant fabric, poor wash resistance and poor visibility of the resultant colour change effect.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a composition for decorating a substrate whereby the decorated substrate exhibits a thermochromic effect.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a substrate, such as a fibre or fabric, having a thermochromic effect.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a method of producing a substrate, such as a fibre or fabric, having a thermochromic effect.
  • a substrate such as a fibre or fabric, having a coating thereon of a composition comprising one or more thermochromic substances and a binder.
  • compositions for decorating a substrate comprising one or more thermochromic substances and a binder.
  • thermochromic effect comprising the step of applying to the substrate a composition comprising one or more thermochromic substances in a binder.
  • thermochromic substance and binder may be mixed in any suitable ratio but preferably in the range of 3:2 to 2:3 by volume especially about 1:1.
  • the invention may be used or a variety of substrates including fibres or yarns, fabrics, preferably woven fabrics, paper, plastics and any other suitable material.
  • binder is believed to be fairly important and preferred binders have one or more of the following properties;
  • thermochromic substance or substances 5.
  • binders may fulfill most if not all of the above desired properties. Suitable binders include aqueous, preferably cross-linkable, polymer emulsions.
  • the polymer could be polyurethane, acrylic, polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl chloride but it will be appreciated that other polymers may prove to be satisfactory for use in the invention.
  • Preferred binder systems are based on acrylic and methacrylic polymers and copolymers produced by the emulsion or dispersion method in water.
  • Suitable acrylic and methacrylic monomers for such binders include ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrite as main ingredients and acrylamide, methylol acrylamide, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid as minor ingredients.
  • a particularly useful group of binders for compositions of the invention comprise in percent by weight of copolymer
  • thermochromic substances to be used in the present invention include nematic liquid crystals, cholesteric liquid crystals and smectic liquid crystals.
  • nematic liquid crystals Preferably microencapsulated chiral nematic liquid crystals suspended in aqueous medium will be used in the invention.
  • suitable thermochromic substances are disclosed in U.K. Patent Specifications Nos. 1556994, 1592161, 1596012, 1596013, 1596014 and 1603076.
  • Typical chiral nematic compounds have the following formulae:
  • thermochromic substances used in the present invention will preferably exhibit several colour changes over a range of temperatures, typically -30 to 150 degrees Celsius and preferably such as produced by contact with the body.
  • the thermochromic substances may be colourless or black and typical colour changes may be from colourless or black to tan to red to green to blue.
  • Two or more thermochromic substances may be used which change colour at different temperatures so that a mixture of colour changes may be produced.
  • the method of the invention may be used on individual fibres, fabrics prior to making up into a garment or other article and the finished article itself.
  • Preferred fibres and fabrics will be black, although darker coloured substrates have also been found to be suitable.
  • Paler coloured substrates may also be used by first overprinting with a darker, preferably black layer. They may also advantageously be fine, thin or supple.
  • Suitable fabrics include polyesters, silks and chiffons.
  • compositions used in the invention may be applied to fibres and fabrics in any suitable way, such as by printing, including screen printing, spraying, dipping, brushing and laminating.
  • the compositions used in the invention may be applied all over a fabric or to discrete areas thereof.
  • compositions used in the invention may include further substances such as processing aids for the method of application to be used.
  • Other additives may include U.V. stabilisers, anti foaming agents, surfactant stabilisers, antioxidants, thickeners and fire retardant substances.
  • the invention may provide a means of producing a clearly defined, clearly visible thermochromic effect on a variety of substrates.
  • a composition for coating a fabric was produced by mixing 50 parts by volume of Licritherm suspension
  • TCC 216 Microencapsulated chiral nematic liquid crystal supplied by BDH Limited
  • 50 parts by volume of an aqueous acrylic emulsion 50 parts by volume of an aqueous acrylic emulsion.
  • the composition was used to coat a black fabric and the resultant coated fabric exhibited colour changes with the changes in temperature from skin contact with the fabric and from breathing on the fabric.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A composition for applying to substrates to impart a thermochromic effect comprises one or more thermochromic substances, typically microencapsulated nematic liquid crystals, in an aqueous, typically acrylic based binder.

Description

Title: Decoration of Substrates
DESCRIPTION
This invention concerns the decoration of substrates particularly but not exclusively fibres and fabrics.
It is of course, well known to decorate fibres or fabrics by applying colours randomly or in a pattern thereto, such as by screen printing. The colours are, therefore, fixed.
Attempts have been made to decorate fabrics with thermochromic substances, i.e. substances which change colour with changes in temperature. Such substances have been incorporated in resins and applied to a variety of substrates but so far attempts to apply such to fabrics have been unsatisfactory largely due to the poor handle or feel of the resultant fabric, poor wash resistance and poor visibility of the resultant colour change effect.
An object of this invention is to provide a composition for decorating a substrate whereby the decorated substrate exhibits a thermochromic effect.
Another object of this invention is to provide a substrate, such as a fibre or fabric, having a thermochromic effect.
A further object of this invention is to provide a method of producing a substrate, such as a fibre or fabric, having a thermochromic effect.
According to a first aspect of this invention there is provided a substrate, such as a fibre or fabric, having a coating thereon of a composition comprising one or more thermochromic substances and a binder.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a composition for decorating a substrate, the composition comprising one or more thermochromic substances and a binder.
According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided a method of producing a substrate, such as a fibre or fabric, having a thermochromic effect comprising the step of applying to the substrate a composition comprising one or more thermochromic substances in a binder.
The thermochromic substance and binder may be mixed in any suitable ratio but preferably in the range of 3:2 to 2:3 by volume especially about 1:1.
The invention may be used or a variety of substrates including fibres or yarns, fabrics, preferably woven fabrics, paper, plastics and any other suitable material.
The choice of binder is believed to be fairly important and preferred binders have one or more of the following properties;
1. Substantial optical clarity when dried or cured;
2. Wash resistance when dried or cured for laundering;
3. Flexibility;
4. Colourlessness;
5. Aqueous based or at least having no low molecular weight organic solvents or chemicals which might damage the thermochromic substance or substances;
6. Sufficient strength to remain adhered to the fibre or fabric during use and washing; and
7. Capable of allowing a fabric to breathe. Various binders may fulfill most if not all of the above desired properties. Suitable binders include aqueous, preferably cross-linkable, polymer emulsions. The polymer could be polyurethane, acrylic, polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl chloride but it will be appreciated that other polymers may prove to be satisfactory for use in the invention.
Preferred binder systems are based on acrylic and methacrylic polymers and copolymers produced by the emulsion or dispersion method in water. Suitable acrylic and methacrylic monomers for such binders include ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrite as main ingredients and acrylamide, methylol acrylamide, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid as minor ingredients.
A particularly useful group of binders for compositions of the invention comprise in percent by weight of copolymer
Butyl acrylate 80 - 100
Acrylonitrite 2.5 - 20
Methylol acrylamide 1 - 3
Methacrylic acid 1 - 3
The preferred thermochromic substances to be used in the present invention include nematic liquid crystals, cholesteric liquid crystals and smectic liquid crystals. Preferably microencapsulated chiral nematic liquid crystals suspended in aqueous medium will be used in the invention. Various types of suitable thermochromic substances are disclosed in U.K. Patent Specifications Nos. 1556994, 1592161, 1596012, 1596013, 1596014 and 1603076. Typical chiral nematic compounds have the following formulae:
Figure imgf000007_0001
Figure imgf000007_0002
The thermochromic substances used in the present invention will preferably exhibit several colour changes over a range of temperatures, typically -30 to 150 degrees Celsius and preferably such as produced by contact with the body. The thermochromic substances may be colourless or black and typical colour changes may be from colourless or black to tan to red to green to blue. Two or more thermochromic substances may be used which change colour at different temperatures so that a mixture of colour changes may be produced.
The method of the invention may be used on individual fibres, fabrics prior to making up into a garment or other article and the finished article itself. Preferred fibres and fabrics will be black, although darker coloured substrates have also been found to be suitable. Paler coloured substrates may also be used by first overprinting with a darker, preferably black layer. They may also advantageously be fine, thin or supple. Suitable fabrics include polyesters, silks and chiffons.
The compositions used in the invention may be applied to fibres and fabrics in any suitable way, such as by printing, including screen printing, spraying, dipping, brushing and laminating. The compositions used in the invention may be applied all over a fabric or to discrete areas thereof.
The compositions used in the invention may include further substances such as processing aids for the method of application to be used. Other additives may include U.V. stabilisers, anti foaming agents, surfactant stabilisers, antioxidants, thickeners and fire retardant substances.
The invention may provide a means of producing a clearly defined, clearly visible thermochromic effect on a variety of substrates.
The invention will now be further described by means of the following Example.
EXAMPLE
A composition for coating a fabric was produced by mixing 50 parts by volume of Licritherm suspension
TCC 216 (Microencapsulated chiral nematic liquid crystal supplied by BDH Limited) with 50 parts by volume of an aqueous acrylic emulsion.
The composition was used to coat a black fabric and the resultant coated fabric exhibited colour changes with the changes in temperature from skin contact with the fabric and from breathing on the fabric.

Claims

1. A composition for decorating a substrate comprising one or more thermochromic substances and a binder.
2. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermochromic substance and binder are present in a ratio by volume of from 3:2 to 2:3.
3. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of thermochromic substance to binder is about 1:1.
4. A composition as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the binder is an aqueous polymer or copolymer.
5. A composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the binder is an aqueous acrylic or methacrylic polymer or copolymer.
6. A composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the binder comprises one or more of ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrite.
7. A composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the binder further comprises one or more of acrylamide, methylol acrylamide, acylic acid and methacrylic acid as minor ingredients.
8. A composition as claimed in claim 5, 6 or 7 wherein the polymer content of the binder comprises is percent by weight:
Butyl acrylate 80 - 100
Acryl onitrite 2.5 - 20 Methylol acrylamide 1 - 3
Methacrylic acid 1 - 3
9. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thermochromic susbstance comprises nematic liquid crystals.
10. A composition as claimed in claim 9, wherein the thermochromic substance comprises an aqueous suspension of microencapsulated nematic liquid crystals.
11. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the thermochromic substance or substances exhibit two or more colour changes over temperatures in the range -30 to 150 degrees C.
12. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising one or more of U.V. stabilisers, anti foaming agents, surfactant stabilisers, antioxidants, thickeners and fire retardants.
13. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, in the form of a printing ink.
14. A method of producing a substrate having a thermochromic effect comprising the step of applying to the substrate a composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. A substrate having a coating thereon of a composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.
16. A substrate as claimed in claim 15, wherein the substrate is a fibre or fabric.
17. A substrate as claimed in claim 15, comprising woven fabric.
18. A substrate as claimed in claim 15, comprising paper.
19. A composition as claimed in claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the foregoing Example.
20. A method as claimed in claim 14 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the foregoing Example.
21. A substrate as claimed in claim 15 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the foregoing Example.
PCT/GB1989/000980 1988-08-24 1989-08-23 Decoration of substrates WO1990002054A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019900700825A KR900701557A (en) 1988-08-24 1989-08-23 How to add substances that cause chemical reactions by the action of enzymes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB888820100A GB8820100D0 (en) 1988-08-24 1988-08-24 Decoration of substrates
GB8820100.9 1988-08-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990002054A1 true WO1990002054A1 (en) 1990-03-08

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Country Status (4)

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KR (1) KR900701557A (en)
AU (1) AU4198989A (en)
GB (1) GB8820100D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1990002054A1 (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0564959A1 (en) * 1992-04-08 1993-10-13 MERCK PATENT GmbH Surface coating medium
WO1994015785A1 (en) * 1993-01-18 1994-07-21 Polymage S.A.R.L. Laminated composite structure having changeable colours
WO1994022976A1 (en) * 1993-04-05 1994-10-13 Central Research Laboratories Limited Optical material
EP0678377A1 (en) * 1994-04-22 1995-10-25 The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Thermochromic laminate
WO1995029968A1 (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Light modulating device having a matrix prepared from acid reactants
GB2349896A (en) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-15 Robert Mcbride Group Ltd Delayed release product
WO2001092633A1 (en) * 2000-05-30 2001-12-06 Universidade Do Minho Use of thermochromic black pigments on white textile or coating materials, to save energy in buildings or other closed spaces
US7033581B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2006-04-25 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Method of treating hair with heat and a cap which provides a signal regarding treatment
GB2431159A (en) * 2005-10-12 2007-04-18 Fikri Mehmet Thermochromic and/or photochromic composition
WO2010115809A1 (en) * 2009-04-06 2010-10-14 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Microcapsule comprising liquid crystal
WO2014166240A1 (en) * 2013-04-07 2014-10-16 上海欣渊文化用品有限公司 Reversible temperature sensitive erasable neutral ink composition and manufacturing method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3802945A (en) * 1971-10-14 1974-04-09 B James Heat sensitive novelty device

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3802945A (en) * 1971-10-14 1974-04-09 B James Heat sensitive novelty device

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0564959A1 (en) * 1992-04-08 1993-10-13 MERCK PATENT GmbH Surface coating medium
US5376699A (en) * 1992-04-08 1994-12-27 Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Surface coating medium
WO1994015785A1 (en) * 1993-01-18 1994-07-21 Polymage S.A.R.L. Laminated composite structure having changeable colours
FR2700622A1 (en) * 1993-01-18 1994-07-22 Polymage Multifunctional and adaptive color change laminated glazing and their manufacturing process.
WO1994022976A1 (en) * 1993-04-05 1994-10-13 Central Research Laboratories Limited Optical material
US5688592A (en) * 1994-04-22 1997-11-18 The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Thermochromic laminate comprising light intercepting pigment and light stabilizer
EP0678377A1 (en) * 1994-04-22 1995-10-25 The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Thermochromic laminate
WO1995029968A1 (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Light modulating device having a matrix prepared from acid reactants
US5593615A (en) * 1994-04-29 1997-01-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Light modulating device having a matrix prepared from acid reactants
GB2349896A (en) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-15 Robert Mcbride Group Ltd Delayed release product
WO2001092633A1 (en) * 2000-05-30 2001-12-06 Universidade Do Minho Use of thermochromic black pigments on white textile or coating materials, to save energy in buildings or other closed spaces
US7033581B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2006-04-25 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Method of treating hair with heat and a cap which provides a signal regarding treatment
GB2431159A (en) * 2005-10-12 2007-04-18 Fikri Mehmet Thermochromic and/or photochromic composition
GB2431159B (en) * 2005-10-12 2010-09-15 Fikri Mehmet A thermochromic and/or photochromic composition
WO2010115809A1 (en) * 2009-04-06 2010-10-14 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Microcapsule comprising liquid crystal
RU2537610C2 (en) * 2009-04-06 2015-01-10 Гизеке Унд Девриент Гмбх Microcapsule with liquid crystal
WO2014166240A1 (en) * 2013-04-07 2014-10-16 上海欣渊文化用品有限公司 Reversible temperature sensitive erasable neutral ink composition and manufacturing method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4198989A (en) 1990-03-23
KR900701557A (en) 1990-12-03
GB8820100D0 (en) 1988-09-28

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